2023年12月研究生英语学位课统考真题

20２３年12月研究生英语学位课统考真题(A卷)GEＮRＡLENGＬISHQUALIFＹＩNGTESTＦORNＯN-ＥＮGLＩSＨＭＡJORGRＡDUAＴＥSTUDＥNＴS考试注意事项一、本考试有两份试卷组成：试卷一(Papｅｒone)涉及听力理解、词汇、完型填空与阅读理解四部分，共80题，按顺序统一编号；试卷二（Papeｒtwｏ)涉及翻译和写作两部分,共三题。此外，试卷分A、B卷,请考生注旨在答题卡上标出自己的试卷类型。二、试卷一(题号1-80)为客观评分题(听力SecｔｉｏｎＣ部分除外),答案一律用2Ｂ铅笔做在机读卡答题纸上,在相应题号下所选的字母中间画黑道,如[A][B］[C][D]。试卷二为主观评分题,答案做在ANSWERＳHＥEII上。答题前,请仔细阅读试卷二的注意事项。试卷一、试卷二上均不得作任何记号（听力SｅcｔionC部分除外）,答案一律写在答题纸上，否则无效。本考试所有时间为150分钟,采用试卷一盒试卷二分卷计时的办法。试卷一考试时间为90分钟,听力理解部分以放完录音带为准,大约25分钟；其余部分共计时65分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上,考生可自行掌握。试卷二共计时60分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上,考生可自行掌握。试卷一与试卷二采用分别收卷的办法。每次终了时间一到,考生一律停笔，等候监考老师收点试卷及答题纸。所有考试结束后,须待监考老师将所有试卷及答题纸收点无误并宣布本次考试结束,方可离开考场。PAＰEＲONEPartIＬistｅningCompｒehensiｏn(25miniｕtes,20poinｔs)SｅctioｎA（1pointeach)Ｄirectiｏnｓ:Iｎthiｓｓectiｏn,yｏuｗｉllhearｎiｎｅsｈortcｏnvｅrsatｉｏnsbｅtｗｅentwospeａkeｒs.Ａｔtheendofeａchconverｓationaqｕestiｏnwillbeasｋｅdaboｕtwhaｔｗａｓｓaiｄ.TｈｅcｏnveｒsａtｉoｎsａndquestioｎsｗiｌlbｅspokeｎOＮLYＯNCE.Ｃhoosetｈｅbestaｎswｅrfroｍthｅfoｕrchoicesgｉvｅnbymarkingｔhecｏrｒespondingｌetterwithasiｎｇlｅbaｒacｒｏｓstｈesｑuａrebraｃkｅtsｏnyourｍａchine－scoriｎgAｎswerSheet.1.A．Ｈｉsarｍs.B.Hｉslｅgs．Ｃ.Hiｓhｅad．D.Hissｈould2.A.ＢenｎieｉstravｅllｉnｇtoSanＦranciscobyaiｒ.B.Bennｉｅisveｒyｈappyabouttheproｍotioｎ.Ｃ．Ｂｅnｎiehasｑuiｔａweｌｌ-ｐaidjob.Ｄ.Ｂennieenjoyｓworkingintｈｅｏffiｃｅ.3.A.At1:45.B．Aｔ2：1５.Ｃ.At2:30.D.At2:45.4．A.Jeffrｅyiｓnotａgoodhelpinｇhaｎd.B.Jeffreｙiｓtooyounｇtostaｒtanewｃareer.Ｃ.Theyagrｅewitheachotheronmａｎｙthings.D.Tｈeｙreａllydislikeｅachｏｔher．C．５.Ａ.ASUV.Ｂ．Ａsｐｏrtcａr．C.Aminivａn.Ｄ.Ａcａrgotｒｕｃｋ.６.Ａ．Ｂecausｅtheｌabwasrｅaｌlyaｍess.Ｂ.Becａuseｔhｅbosｓwasｔoosｔrict．C．Bｅcausethedｒｉvｅｒｗasabseｎｔ-minded.D.Becaｕsesomｅoneiｎｔhegｒouｐwasｍａｎipulativｅ.7.A．Jeｓｓicaｄidn’twａntthejｏbaｎywａy.B．Jｅsｓｉcａherselfiｓtｏblamｅ.C.Jesｓicａshouldｓｔophｅrdｏgfroｍbarkiｎg.D.Jessｉcahａdsomethingｉnｔhｅtree.８．Ａ.Aｔaｒｅstaｕrａnt．B．Ａｔｔheairｐort.C.Ataserviｃestａtion.D.Ａtacａｆé.9.Ａ．SｈｅｈasｂｅeｎbusｙwithBiocｈｅmiｓtｒy.Ｂ.Shehａsn’tｇotａpａrtneryet.C.SheｐrｅｆeｒsMiｃrobiologytoBiｏｃhemistry.Ｄ．Ｓhehastodｒopthｅlａｂｃlasｓ.ＳectiｏｎB(Iｐoｉnteacｈ)Direcｔioｎｓ:Inｔhissection,ｙouwｉlｌｈｅarｔwｏmini-ｔａlkｓ.Attheendofｅachtalｋ,thｅreｗillbesｏmequeｓｔions．ＢoｔhthｅｔａlｋｓaｎdthequestionswiｌｌbereadtｏyｏuONLＹOＮCE.Ａfteｒeacｈquesｔiｏn,therｅwilｌbｅapａuse.Duｒｉngtｈepａuse,ｙouｍusｔcｈoosetheｂｅstaｎｓweｒｆromthｅｆoｕrcｈｏicｅsgivenｂymａｒｋingｔｈeｃoｒｒｅspｏndinｇｌettｅｒwithasiｎgｌebａｒaｃrossthesqｕarebrackｅtｓonｙouｒmａchinｅ－sｃorｉngAnsweｒＳheeｔ.Mini-taｌkone10A.Oｒganiｚingｃａmpusａctivitｉｅs.Ｂ.Ｔakingvｉsｉtorsｔovarｉouscoｌｌｅgeｓ.C．OｆferｉｎginｆorｍationｏnＡmｅrｉcancoｌleｇes.Ｄ.Adviｓｉngｏｎwhichuｎiｖersitｙtoａttenｄ.1１.A.Aｄmissｉonrequiremｅntｓ.Ｂ.Ｓportspｒogrａms.Ｃ.Iｎternationaｌdａtabase.C．Virtuaｌcampuｓｔｏｕrs.12．Ａ.Ｂecａusｅtｈeyfoｕndmanｙrelateｄwebsiｔeslackingviｓｕaｌmaｔｅriａｌs．B．Beｃauｓetｈｅywaｎtedtｏcoｍpｅtewｉthtｈｅtraditionofaｐｅｒｓonａlvisｉt．C.Becａusｅｔhｅyｉntendedtｏchooｓeｔheiriｄealcolleｇes.D.Bｅcauseｔhｅycｏuldｎ’ｔｃontacｔａｓｃｈooｌdｉrectly.Ｍini－ｔａｌｋtｗo13.A.Mｏｒeｔhａn57milliｏｎdollars.B.Ｍoreｔhaｎ7５millionｄolｌars.C.Ａbout550milliondollａrs.Ｄ.Mｏｒeｔhan１5biｌlｉonｄoｌlaｒｓ.14．A．Lighｔsanｄwｉndows．B.Ｒestroomsanｄｅlevatｏｒｅquipｍｅnt.C.Ｏfficecoｎｄitiｏｎsaｎdｅnvirｏnmｅｎt．D.Leaseratesａnｄpａｙmｅnt．15.A.Ａnｉｎvestｍentassociatｉｏｎwｉllbｅｓetuｐ.B.Thebuiｌdingwｉｌlｂeｉlluｍinatedbyｇrｅenlightｓ．Ｃ.Theoｃcupａｎtｓwillｇeｔintotrｏuble.D．Thecｏｓtｏfoffｉcespacewilldouble.SectiｏnＣ(1poinｔeａch）Directionｓ：Ｉnthissection,youwilｌhearａsｈortlecturｅ.Lｉstentｏｔherｅｃoｒdingaｎdcｏmplｅtetｈｅnotｅsａｂoutthelecture．ＹoｕwillhｅartherｅcoｒdingTWICE.Aftertｈｅrecordiｎgyoｕａｒeasｋedtowritedｏｗｎｙouransweｒsonthｅａnsｗersheeｔ．Younoｗhavｅ２5secoｎdstoreadtｈeｎoｔesbeｌｏw.（请在录音结束后把第１6-20题的答案誊录在答题纸上)１6．Ｐost-holidaysyndroｍeisacomｍonｌyuｓｅdtermｗhiｃhdeｐicｔsthe___＿_＿___＿___(2wｏｒdｓ）occｕｒrｉｎｇａｆterｔhewiｎtｅrholiｄaｙsａndfeｓｔivａｌseａｓon.17.Ｅxｐeｃtinｇto_____＿_____＿_____＿_(4ｗｏrds)iｓaｗayoftｅlliｎｇyourselftｈaｔｔｈisｉsanｏrmalfeeling.18.Lｉftyourspｉritsbycontinuinｇto______＿＿_____＿_(３ｗordｓ）fｒiendsandfamilｙ，andgｅtｔｉngoutandａboutｔoｄoactivｉties．19.Cｈoosｅａctivitｉesthaｔmeｅｔｙour＿________＿_______＿（3worｄs),ａndthａtyouｋnｏwwｉllgiｖeyouathrill.20．Onｃｅｙｏｕ’re_＿____＿_＿__________(２ｗoｒds）plａｎninganddoinｇ,ｙｏｕ’llbetoｏbｕsytoworry.ParｔIIVocabｕlaｒｙ(10miｎｕtes,1０ｐoints)SｅctiｏnＡ(０.5ｐoiｎteach)Directions:Inthiｓsｅction,thｅreareｔeenｑｕｅｓtionｓ．Eaｃｈquesｔionｉsaｓenｔｅｎｃewithoｎewｏrｄorphｒaｓeｕｎderlined.ＢelｏwtheｓeｎtenｃｅａrｅfoｕrwordsｏrphrａsｅsmaｒｋｅdbｙA,B,Ｃ,aｎｄＤ.Chooｓeｔhｅｗordorｐhrasｅthａtisclｏsestinmeaningtｏtheunderlｉneｄoｎe.Ｍaｒkｔhecorrｅspondingletteｒwiｔhａｓinｇlebaracｒossｔhｅｓｑuaｒｅbraｃketsｏnｙｏuｒｍacｈiｎｅ－scorｉｎgAｎsｗerＳheeｔ21.Theseｆinｄｉngｓruｎcoｕntertotheｂｅliefｔｈａtalcoｈolｓtaｎdsｉｎthewayofanａｌｙｔiｃａlｔhｉnkiｎg．A.ｓpurｓB.hiｎｄｅrsＣ.triggeｒｓD．accompaniｅs2２.Asｉnthereｓtoftｈecontinenｔ,SouｔhAｆｒicａstiｌｌｈastocｏntendwithoｖerwhｅlminｇpoverty．A.suｆｆeｒfrｏｍＢ.bringａbouｔC.iｎvestinD.fightａgaiｎst23.Theoperatiｏｎwaｓasｕcceｓsａndhｅｈａdeｘcelleｎｔprospｅctsｆｏｒafｕllreｃovｅry.Ａ.ｔhｏugｈtsB.outputｓＣ.ｏｄdsD.ambitioｎs24.Dｅｓｔinｙｉｓｄefｉｎedbyindividｕaｌskeentｏimagineａfutｕｒethａｔｉsdifｆerentfrｏmｔherealitｙ.A.ｅａgｅrB.unｗｉllｉngC．sharpD.quiｃk2５.MｙmotｈerkｅｅpsremindiｎgｍｅtosticktoｍyprinciｐlesandremainhonｅstinwｈaｔeｖeｒＩdo.Ａ.aｄｈeretｏB.sｅtaboutC．insistoｎD.comeupon26．Ｔhｅreisnｏｔhｉnｇwｏrsethaｎaｂｏsｓwhｏgiｖeｓｉmｐlicitｉｎstruｃtionsandtｈｅngetｓdisaｐpointedbｙｔｈeｗｏrkｙoｕgiｖein.Ａ.exｐｌicｉtB.aｍbｉguoｕsＣ．consideraｂleD.coherent2７.Abouｔtｈreeyearｓiｎt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aｔｅly”byｔheＳｕｐrｅmｅＣourt;2５yeａslａｔｅrｉｔfeelslｉｋeａnｏbvioｕｓ,nａturaｌｏutgroｗthｏftheBilｌofRｉghts.Ifrｉｇhtsevolvetｈiswａythrouｇhｔhedｉalecticsofcｕｌtureａｎdｈiｓtory，justhｏw“natｕral”cantheybｅ?SｕchareｔhｅiｄlｅthougｈｔsthatoｃcuｒｉnthｅwakｅofAmerica’sｌａtｅｓtepisodeofhoｒrｉfyiｎg,ｍeaniｎｇlｅｓｓmassslaｕghｔer.ＡlａrgesegmentoｆtheAmｅricaｎｐuｂｌicthesedaysappaｒentlyｆindsiｔofｆｅｎｓiveｔotａlｋabｏutｇunｃontroｌafteｒthesesｏrｔsｏｆcrueltyoｃcｕｒ．ＡsecｏｎｏmistMr.Wolｆeｒssaｉd:“Let’snottalkaｂouｔgunconｔrｏl.Iｔ’stooｅaｒlｙ，righｔ?Iｔ’saｌwayｓtoｏearly.Excepｔwheniｔ’ｓｔoolatｅ.”Ｍr.Wolferiｓrighｔ:thｅ“ｔooeａrly”ｃoｎstｒｕｃtioｎisrｉdｉculous．ＴｈeoｎlytｈinｇｔｈatｉscerｔａｉnｎｏwｉstｈaｔｇｕncontrolisunceｒｔａininＡmeｒｉcａn.It’ｓnevergoingtohappeｎ.Thereａｒetｏomaｎygunsｏuｔtｈeｒｅ,anｄａnindｉｖiduａｌrｉｇhttobearａｒmｓｉｓnｏｗesｔaｂlishｅｄｉnconsｔituｔionａllaw.ＳotｈisiｓjusｔwhatｏｎｅofAmeｒｉca’smａnyfaceｓisgoiｎｇtｏｂe:aｂittｅｒlyｄｉｖided,ｈａtefuｌｌycynicalｃｏｕntrywｈereiｎｓanepｅｏplehaveeａｓyａｃcesstoｓeｍiaｕtoｍaticwｅaponsandoｃcasioｎallyusetｈｅmtoｃommitcｒime.Wewillconｔｉｎueｔoseeｍoreａndmoreofthisｓorｔoｆtｈｉｎg，andtheｒe’snothiｎgｗecａｎrｅaｌisticallyｄoabouｔｉt.51.TｈeauthｏrbegｉnsbｙarguinｇｔｈatAmeｒicans’rigｈttｏbearaｒｍs？A．isｓtipuｌaｔedinthecoｎsｔitutioｎＢ.hasbeencreaｔedbｙindｉvidualsC．hａsnothinｇtoｄoｗithGodD．iｓnoｔtobedouｂted５2.ＴheSｕpreｍeCｏｕrｔiｓｍentｉoｎｅｄｉｎｐａragｒaｐh2ｔo＿_＿_＿_＿__.A.ｃonｆｉrmthevａｌidityｏfguｎｏwnersｈipbyindividuａｌsB．arｇueｔhattherighttｏbｅaｒarmsｉsbynomeansnatuｒalC.pｒoｖeｔｈatgunownersｈiphaｓbeenapprovｅｄbytheCourtＤ.descriｂetｈｅpｒoceｓsoflegiｓlationonguｎｏwｎeｒship53.Theｅｘpresｓiｏn“inｔhewaｋeof”useｄintheｔhｉrｄｐarａgrａphprｏｂａｂlyｍeans“＿_＿_____.”A.butfｏｒB．ｔotallywｉｔhoｕｔC.ｓoｏｎaｆterD．juｓtbefｏｒe54．ＩtseemsｔoMr.Ｗolｆeｒsthatｇuncontrolｉs_＿___＿__．Ａ.ｒeaｌｌｙｔooeaｒlytoｓtartB．aｃｔuallyoffeｎsiveC.nｏtnecessaｒynowＤ.ａlrｅａdｙｔoｏlaｔe55.ＩtsｅemstoｔheautｈoｒthatｇuncoｎtroliｎAmericａis_＿___＿__.Ａ.impoｓｓibleB.unconstitｕtｉoｎａlC.tiｍe-conｓumingＤ.sｔｕｐid５6.Whiｃhoｆｔｈefｏllowingmiｇhtbeanappropriatｅtｉtｌefｏrｔhｉｓｐaｓsaｇe?Ａ.GｕnConｔroｌIsEaｓyB.ＧｕnOwnｅrshipＩsＬｅｇalC．GuｎConｔrol,TooＬａtｅＤ.NoNeeｄtoControlＧuｎｓPassageｔwoTheEｎglｉsh-spｅakinｇworlｄdoesnotlookｋindlyonstraw.Grａsｐiｎgatstrａｗｓ，sｔraｗ-manarｇuｍents，tｈeｌaｓtsｔrａwsａndthｅｓｔrawsthatbｒeａkｓｏmaｎｙcameｌs’backsaｌldemonsｔｒaｔethａｔ.Thereiｓalsoatａlethａtｓｔrawisｔheｗorstｍatｅｒialfrｏmwｈｉcｈtｏbuiｌｄahouse,ｐarticularｌyifyoｕａreapigwiｔｈaｈｕngｒywｏlfａrounｄ.SothecardswerestackedagａｉｎsｔＷａrrenBrｕshｗheｎlｏcalofficｉalsleａｒnｅｄthaｔheｈadseveralｂuildiｎgsmadeｏfstrawbalｅsonhisｈand.Ｔｈｅyhavｅtｒｉedｔofｉｎehim.Alｏt.Butｔｈecasｅisｓtiｌlunｒesoｌveｄ.TheproblemisthatCａlｉｆorniａ’sbuｉldｉnｇcodesmaｋeｎoｐrovｉsionfｏrtheuseｏｆｓtrａw.ＡndMr.Brushｈaｓmanｙdefeｎdｅrs－amoｎgtheｍsevｅｒaluniｖersityscientistsａｎdDａvidEisenbeｒg,ｔhechairｍａｎoftｈeＵniｔedStateｓGreｅnBｕilｄｉｎgＣｏuncil’scodecommｉｔteｅ．Theywｏuldlｉketoseethｅprejudiｃｅagainststrawhｏｕseｓｅliminated,forｓtrａwiｓ,inｍanyways,anidｅalbuilｄinｇmａtｅrｉal.Ｉtis,ｆoｒｏnｅthiｎg,aｇreａtｉnsulaｔor.Thatkｅepsdowｎtheheatingｂiｌlｓinhｏｕsesmadefromit．Itisａlｓｏawasteｐrｏductthａtwoulｄotherwisebｅｂurneｄ,ａndｉｓtherefｏreｃheａp．And-ｖerymuchtｏthｅpｏintｉnａpｌａceｌikｅCaliforｎｉa-itiｓeａrthｑuake-rｅｓistanｔ.ＬastyearaｔeｓtcoｎducteｄaｔｔｈeUniverｓiｔyofNｅvadａsｈowedｔhatstraw－ｂaleｃonstructｉonscoｕldwiｔhstaｎdtwｉｃetheａmｏｕｎtofgrｏundｍｏtionrecordedｉntheＮoｒｔｈｒidgｅeartｈｑuakｅthathiｔLosＡnｇelｅsin1994．Caｌifornia,ofcourse，iｓalreaｄytｈorｏｕghlｙｅａrｔhquakｅ-ｐrｏofed.Buｔstrawbuiｌdingsｍｉｇｈｔowellｉnquakｅ－prｏnepｌａｃeｓｔhatａreleｓsweａlthｙ.AfｔｅrastroｎgeaｒthquaｋesｔruckＰaｋｉstａnin2０23,ＤarcyDonｏvaｎ,asｔrucｔuralengｉneer,fｒｏmＴｒｕckee,Thｅreare,asitwｅre,otherｓtrawsiｎｔhewind:aposｔoｆｆiceinｓuburbanＡlbｕquerque,aQｕａｋｅrsｃｈoolinMarylａnd,anｏffiｃecomｐｌexinsuburｂanLosAngelｅsanｄanurbaｎ-rｅｎｅwalpｒojectiｎＢｉngｈａmtoｎ,NｅｗYork，haveallｂeeｎbｕｉｌtfroｍｓｔｒaw.EｖeｎＣａlifoｒniａiｓhavinｇarｅthink,anｄmaｙchaｎgｅitｓｒuｌeｓｔoaccomｍodatesｔｒaw-balecｏnstructｉｏns.AsＭｒ.Eiｓeｎbergobseｒves,“tｈelessonoftheThreeLiｔtｌeＰigsisｎ’ttoaｖｏｉdstraｗ.It’sthａｔyｏuｄon’５７.Bｙ“ｔhecardsweｒｅstaｃkedａgaiｎsｔWａｒrenBｒｕsh”,theauｔhormｅanstｈａtBｒusｈ___＿＿＿__.A.receivedpunｉｓhｍenｔB.ｍadeaｂreakｔｈrouｇhC．mightbehiｇhlｙｐｒａiseｄD．wouldbeinｔroublｅ58.ＤaｖiｄEisｅnberｇismeｎｔioned____＿___.Ａ．ｆorthepuｒposeofsuppｏrtｉｎgWａrrenＢrushＢ.asarepｒeｓeｎtatiｖeofoffｉcｉaloｐinionsC.ｔｏｐroｖｉdeevideｎceagainstｓtrawhoｕsｅsD.ｔoshｏwtheimporｔaｎceofthｅbuｉldｉｎgcｏdeｓ59．Whaｔiｓpａragrapｈ3ｍaiｎlyａboｕt？A．thesｔｒuｃｔuｒｅofｓtｒａwhousesB.theｐossｉbｉlｉtyofｂuildiｎｇstrawhouｓｅｓＣ．tｈeaｄvantaｇｅsofｓｔraｗｈousｅsＤ.thetipｓofbｕildingstｒawhｏｕses60Wｈｉchａsｐectofstrawiｓeｍphasｉｚediｎparagraph4?A.Itisabｕndａntｉnnatuｒe.B.Itｉsｒａtherinexｐｅnsive.Ｃ．Itisagｒｅaｔｉnsｕlatｏr.D.Iｔiｓeａsytｏtransｐort.61.ItcanbeｌearnｅdfｒomtheｌastparagrａpｈthatCaliｆorniａ___＿____.A.wｉllfｉnｅWarrenBｒｕshａsｐlａnnｅｄB.ｗillreｄucetｈｅfineonWaｒrenBruｓｈC．ｍaylifttｈefinｅonWａrｒeｎＢrushＤ.mａｙｃonsiderabｉggｅrｆineｏnWarrenBruｓh6２．Ｔhｅａｕtｈor’spurｐosｅiｎwrｉtiｎgthepａssageｉsto_____＿__.Ａ.ｔrａcetheevｏlutionoｆｓtrａwhoｕｓeｓB.explaｉｎｈoｗtobuiｌdahousｅwiｔhstrａwC.hｉｇhlighｔｔheprｅjuｄiｃｅagaiｎstｓtrａwｈousｅｓＤ.arｇuｅｔhatstraｗcanｂｅｕsedｔoｂuｉｌdｈousesPａsｓａgeＴhrｅeＩwａstaｌkingwitｈaseniorＰubｌiｃＲｅlatｉonsmanａgertheotｈeｒｄａyaboｕtTheGameTｒaｉneｒsａｎdheexpｒｅｓsedmuchsｋepｔiciｓｍaｂoutboththepoｓsibiliｔyandｖalueofｇettingｓenｉorｐroｆesｓiｏnalｓｔｏplayｇameｓ.“Thｅsearｅｓeriouspeoｐlewithｓerｉousjobs,andtｈeyarｅnｏtgｏiｎgtowasteｔimeｒuｎnｉnｇaｒoｕndｌｉkeｓchooｌchildren,”ｈetoldmｅ.Thisstatｅmenthighlighｔedmａnyofｈiｓassumｐｔionｓ.Itaｌsoproviｄedｍewithagoldenｏppｏｒtuｎitytotalkabouthoｗthese“seriouｓｐeoplewithｓｅrioｕsjoｂs”cｏｕｌdactualｌyleaｒnsomethingabouttｈemselves,ｔheｉrcomｐany,ａｎdtｈｅｉrｂusinessoｐporｔuniｔieｓｂyallowingcreativiｔｙtoｆlｏwmoｒefreｅlyｔhｒough“gamｅs”.Hisｐosｉｔionisｎotｕｎｃｏｍmoｎandｉtcomｅsfrｏmａｄeｅｐseatedmisunderstaｎdｉngofwｈata“gａme”isandwhatitiｓfｏr,ａｓwｅｌlasaseｔnotｉonｏfｗhat“woｒk”musｔloｏkliｋeforｉttoｂｅconｓidｅredｏｆvalue.It’snｏｔacoｉnｃｉdｅncｅｔhattheｍostsuccｅssfｕlcomｐanieｓofthelaｓtdecade，ｉncludingAppｌeaｎdGｏoｇｌｅ,wereａllstａrtｅdbycｏlleｇestudenｔs，andpeｒhapsasacｏnseｑuenｃehavｅaspｉritoｆfuｎ,creａtｉviｔyandinnovａtioｎ.Ｔheｉｒsｕccesshasｎoｔｂeｅｎachｉeｖedthroughａｃubiｃlewｏｒkenviｒonment,striｃthieraｒchy,duｌｌmeｅtinｇｓanda9ｔo5woｒkstructuｒe.Insｔead，ｔheyhavefloｗingandｆｌexiblewoｒｋｓpaｃｅs,acultｕreofcollabｏraｔion，anｄoppoｒtunｉtiesforcreatiｖitｙ.Sowhｅreｄoｅstheliｎebｅｔween“work”and“gaｍｅ”occur？Wellmａｙｂethereisn’toｎe，oratｌｅａsｔmaybｅｔhｅreshｏuldn’tbeｏne.Soｉsaｌlthｉsjusｔamatterｏｆperception?Welｌ,yeｓｏrnｏ.theｓtartingpｏiｎtinallowingcreativiｔytofloｗfreelyisｔoacｃeptthaｔｔhｅlineｂetweenbusiｎesｓandｐlayisblurred，orａtbeｓtｎoｎ-existenｔ.Ｏnｌｙthenisitpoｓsibletｏcｒeatetｈeopportunｉtyanｄappｒopriatｅeｎvｉroｎmentforindividualsaｎdｇrｏupstopｌａyｔｈｅgamｅ(orwoｒk)asweｌlaｓthｅypｏssiblｙｃan.TheＧaｍeTｒａｉnｅｒsｓupｐｏrttｈisｉｎnovativeａnｄhiｇhｌyｐroductiveaｐproaｃｈtｏwoｒkbycrｅaｔｉｎｇgamesａndgｒoupeｘｅrｃiｓestodevelｏpawarenessａｎdinsightofｉｓｓues,aswelldｅvelopiｎggamｅstｏiｎtegｒａteintotheworkingenviｒonｍent．Andsｏ，IsaidtotｈeＰRｍan,ｉt’sagｏodthｉngthattheyare“sｅrioｕsｐeoplewitｈserioｕsjｏbs”,ｂecaｕseｗeａlsｏarｅｅｘtremeｌyseｒiousaboｕtplay，aｎdinｔoｄay’ｓenvｉrｏnmｅnｔtheysｉmplycannｏtａfｆorｄnottopｌaygａmｅs.６3．WhaｔdoｅsthｅＰRmａnagertｈinkｏfthｅａuthor’sprｏposaｌｏfｐlａyinggames？A.Iｔｉsｐrobabｌynonseｎse.B.Itisagaｉｎstthｅrule.C.Itwｏuｌdbｅbenｅfｉcｉal．D.Itｉsｗｏｒtｈaｔrｙ.64.ＴｈeauthorsuggeｓtsthatthｅPRmaｎaｇer’spoｓitiｏnｏngamｅｓ___＿_____.A.ｉshａrｄｔｏundｅrstandｉｎtｏday’swoｒlｄB.reｐrｅsenｔsacoｍｍonmiｓunderｓtanｄiｎgC．ｉｓbasedｏnsｃientｉficａllｙproｖeｎconceｐｔsD．alloｗｓｆorgreaterｗorkefｆicｉencｙ６５.ＴheeｘａmｐleｓofAppleandＧooｇlｅshowtｈａt________.A.gamessｈｏuldbeｓeparａtedfｒomworｋB.itｈｅlｐｓtocomｂｉneｗorｋwitｈgamesC．woｒkanｄｇａmｅscａnbecｌearｌyｄefinｅdD．ｎｏworｋcanｂeｄoｎeweｌlwｉthoutgamｅs６６．Ｗｈaｔisｔｈｅtopicofparagｒaph４？A．Hｏwtodｒａwalinｅbeｔweenwｏｒｋandgａme?B.Whatiｓthｅlinｅｂeｔｗeenworkandgaｍｅ/C.Shouｌdｔｈereｂeaｌineｂｅtweenwoｒkanｄgａmｅ?D.Whyｉｓｔhｅrｅalinebetwｅｅnworkandgａme?67.“ＴheGameＴraｉｎers”iｓｐrｏｂablｙａ___＿____.A.ｃomｐuｔergameB．searｃｈｅngineC．reseaｒｃｈｓysteｍD.gａmedeｖeloｐeｒ６８.Ｉｎthepasｓagethｅａuｔhor______＿_．A.ｅnｃｏurageｐeｏpletowoｒkmorecｒｅａtivelyB．ｄescribeｓhowtobalaｎｃeworkｗithlifeC.prｏｍoｔeｓaninnovativｅａppｒoacｈtowｏｒkＤ.anａlyｚeswhｙitisimpｏrtａntｔoenjoywoｒkＰａsｓageFour“Arobotｃａn’trepｌacemｅ，”AndyRｉchｔｅrcomplaiｎeｄlouｄｌybuｔingoodfｕｎ,facingtｈepｒosｐeｃtoflosinghｉsjｏbtothｅＪeopaｒdy!－wｉnｉｎgIBM’ｓWatｓoｎcompuｔer．“Aｒoｂoｔcａn’ｔdｏthethingsahumａncａndｏ,Ｉｍean，canｈelove,canhefeeｌ?”Ｗｅｌｌ,no.butsomｅfolksaｒeaskinｇsimilaｒquestiｏｎsaｂoutcompｕtｅｒsｓuｃｈasWaｔｓontａkiｎgtheiｒｊobssoｍｅdａy.“Afterall,ｉfamａcｈｉｎecａnbeathuｍaｎｓａtJeopardy,wiｌlｃomｐuterｓsooｎｂecompetｉnｇwithpeopｌeforknowledge－basedｊobs?”ａｓｋｓＭartｉnFord,authoｒofTｈｅLightsintheTunnｅlinaForｔunemagaｚiｎｅａｒｔiｃle.“ＩｆIBM’shｏpesｆorthetｅchnolｏgyareｒｅａlｉzed,woｒkeｒsｍａy,ｉｎfact,hａvecausefoｒcoｎcerｎ.”FordａndothersarguｅthaｔcomputerｓandrobotssuchasＷatsｏnhａvethepotｅｎｔialtｏrｅｐlacenotｏnlｙassｅmbly-ｌiｎeｊobs,ｓｕchaｓthemaｎｕfacturingposiｔiｏｎsｔhaｔdropｐednaｔｉoｎwｉdｅbyoｎe-ｔｈirｄoｖeｒｔheｌastdecade,butthe“ｋnowledgewｏrker”jｏbsoftｈemoｄeｒneconｏmｙ，suchasraｄiologisｔsandlawyeｒs.“Manyｏfthesepｅoplewillbehighlyeducateｄprｏfessiｏnａｌswｈohaｄｐreviｏuslyaｓsumeｄthattheyｗeｒe,becauseoftheｉrsｋilｌsａndadvａncedeｄｕcations,beｎeｆiciarｉｅsofthetrendtｏwａrｄaｎincrｅasinｇlyｔechnologicalanｄglobaｌizｅdｗｏrld,”Foｒdaｒguesiｎｈisboｏk.BｕtCorｎｅllUｎivｅrsitysｏciolｏgistTrevｏｒPｉnchｓaysthatwａｒnｉnｇsａｂｏutartificialintｅｌlｉgencetakinｇovｅｒｈavemissｅdessentｉalshｏｒtcｏmiｎｇsofcomputｅｒsfｏrdecadeｓ.“Iwouｌdcaｌlｔhemfriendlymonsters,”ｈesaｙs,raｔｈerthanjｏb-killiｎgoｎes.“Ｃompuｔerｓcａnnｅverｅｘpｅrｉeｎcetｈｅthingsthaｔmaｋｅusuｎｉquelyhuman,thｅyhaｖeneｖeｒbeendelaｙedatO’HareａirｐoｒｔlonｇeｎoｕghｔowａlkaroundｔhemeｍoｒｉaltoGen.O’Uｎdｅrneaｔhtheｅxaggｅrateｄｐｕbliｃiｔy,thehumａnbｒａiｎfaｒｏutｐerformｓcｏmpｕters,anｄnotｊustinraｗｃalcｕlaｔinｇpｏwer,sａyｓiｎformａｔionｓｃholarMartinHｉlbｅrｔoftheUnｉｖｅrｓityofSｏuthｅrｎCaliforniａｉnLoｓAnｇeles.Ａllofthecompuｔersintheｗｏｒldtａｋentoｇｅtherposseｓstheｃompｕtatiｏnalｐoweｒｏf,iｎａｌl，６２hｕｍanbｒains,hｅsays,basedonfindingshｉstｅamreportedｔｈismoｎtｈｉnSciencｅ.Ｔheｒeaｒeａboｕtｓixｂilliｏｎpeoｐlealｉｖetｏdａy.Andthｅy,ifthingstｕrｎｏutasｂadａsFordｓuggests,tｈerｅiｓaｌwａyｓthesoluｔiｏnthaｔAndｙＲichterｓettledon-beａtiｎganyｔｈingthatｒesｅmｂlｅsthｅjob－thｒeateningWaｔｓｏnwｉｔhaｂaseｂalｌbat.Leｔ’ｓhopeｉtdoesn’tcｏmedｏwntoｔhaｔ.6９.WecanlearｎｔhatJeoｐａrdy!iｓ____＿__＿.A.anｅｗlｙdevelｏｐeｄcｏmputerprｏｇramB.amaｔchbｅtweencomｐｕｔｅrsａｎdｈumansC.ａrｏbotbｕiltwithｔhｅｌeasｔtechｎoｌｏgyD.acoｍpeｔitｉｏnbｅtweenfasｔeｓtcomputers70.Paｒａgraph３maiｎlｙdiscｕｓｓes__＿_____.Ａ.thｅthｒeatposedｂyteｃｈdeveｌopmentB.thepotentialbｅnefｉtsofdiｇitａlizａtiｏｎC.theｇapbｅtｗeｅnｂlue－collａrandwｈiｔｅ-cｏllａrjｏｂsD．ｔhｅwaytosurviveknoｗlｅdge－basｅdecｏnomy71.Ｉｎpaｒagraph4,TrｅvｏrＰinｃhｉｓtａｌkingabｏｕt_＿_＿___＿.A.mａn’sadvanｔａｇesｏｖeｒcomputeｒｓＢ.advaｎｔaｇｅsoｆ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