2023年12月四级真题及详细解析答案

2０2３年12月大学英语四级考试真题ﻫPaｒtIWritｉng(3０ｍinuteｓ)

Directｉons：Fｏrｔｈiｓpart，yｏuarealｌowed３0minｕteｓｔoｗrｉteashortesｓaｙentiｔleｄHowShoulｄPａrenｔsHeｌｐＣhiｌｄrentoBeＩndｅpendent?Ｙoushouｌｄwritｅatleast15０wordｓｆｏｌlowiｎｇtｈeouｔliｎegivenbｅlow.

1．目前不少父母为孩子包办一切ﻫ2.为了让孩子独立,父母应当……

HｏwSｈoｕlｄＰarenｔsHelｐChiｌｄreｎtoBeIndependｅnt?

PartＩIＲeadingＣomｐrｅhension(SkｉmmingandＳcanｎｉｎg)(15minutｅs)ﻫDirｅctioｎs：Inｔｈisｐart,youwiｌlhave１5ｍiｎｕｔestogoｏverthｅｐasｓａｇｅｑuiｃkｌｙａnｄanｓwerｔｈequesｔioｎsｏｎAnswerSheet1.Forquｅｓtｉｏns1-７,choosethebestaｎsweｒfroｍtｈefourchoiｃeｓmarｋed[Ａ],[Ｂ],[C]aｎd[Ｄ］.Fｏrｑueｓtｉｏns8-１0,cｏｍｐleｔethesenteｎｃｅswitｈtheinfｏｒｍａtioｎgivenｉnthepassａge.

AGrａssrooｔsＲｅmedyﻫMｏsｔｏfusｓpendoｕrｌivｅｓsｅekiｎgtｈｅｎaｔurａlworld.Totｈisｅnｄ,ｗewalkthｅdｏg,playgolf,gofishing，siｔｉnthｅgarｄen，dｒinkｏutｓiｄerａtｈｅrthanｉnsidｅthepuｂ,haｖeａpｉcｎic,ｌiｖｅｉｎtheｓuburbs，gｏｔothesｅaside,buyaweekendｐlａcｅinｔhｅcoｕntry．ThemoｓtpopulａrleiｓuｒeactivityinBriｔaｉnisgoinｇfｏrawaｌk.Ａndwｈeｎjoggeｒs(慢跑者)jog，ｔheｙdon’ｔrｕntｈestrｅets.Ｅveryｏneｏfｔheminstｉnctivｅlｙｈeadsｔotｈepaｒkorｔｈeｒｉveｒ.Iｔismyｐｒｏfｏunｄｂｅｌｉｅｆthatnｏtonlｙdoweaｌlnｅednaturｅ,ｂuｔwｅallseｅｋnａｔure,wheｔherweknoｗweａredｏｉｎgsoornot．ﻫButdeｓpiｔethiｓ,oｕrchildｒｅnaregｒowｉnguｐnaｔure-depriveｄ(丧失).IspentmyboyhoｏｄcｌimbinｇtreesonStｒｅａtｈａmCommoｎ,ＳouｔｈＬondｏn．Theseｄays,childrenarerobｂedoftheseanciｅntfreedomｓ,duｅtoproblｅmｓｌikecrｉme,trａffｉｃ，ｔｈelossｏfｔheoｐensｐaｃesandodｄｎｅｗｐｅrceptiｏnsabouｔwhaｔisbesｔfoｒchiｌdｒen,ｔhatistosaｙ,thｉｎｇsthatcanbｅbought，rａtｈeｒｔhａntｈｉngsｔｈａtcanbefoｕnd.ﻫTｈｅtruthｉstoｂefouｎdeｌsｅwhere.AstudｙｉnthｅUＳ:faｍilｉeshaｄmｏvedｔobｅｔteｒhoｕsinｇaｎｄthechiｌdrenwｅreaｓsesｓeｄｆｏｒAＤHＤ—atteｎtiondｅficitｈｙperａcｔｉｖｉtｙｄiｓｏrｄer(多动症).Ｔhosewhｏｓeａccommodatｉonhaｄｍorｅnaｔuralviewsｓｈｏwｅdａniｍproｖｅmｅｎtｏｆ１9%;thoseｗhohａdthesaｍｅｉｍproｖemenｔｉｎmatｅriaｌsｕrrounｄiｎｇsbuｔnoniｃｅviewimprｏｖedjｕst4％.ﻫAstuｄyiｎSwedenindicatedthａtkiｎdｅrgaｒteｎchｉｌdrｅnｗhocoｕｌdｐlaｙiｎａnａtｕraｌenvｉrｏnmentｈadlｅsｓillneｓsaｎdｇrｅateｒphyｓicalａbｉｌitｙthａnｃhildrｅnusedoｎlytoaｎorｍalｐｌａygｒｏund.AUSstuｄｙsｕggｅｓｔedｔhａtwhenaschoolｇavechｉldrenacceｓstoanａtｕrａlenｖirｏnｍｅｎt,ａｃadeｍiｃlｅｖｅlswereｒａisedacrosstｈｅｅntｉreschool.

Ａｎoｔherｓｔudyfouｎｄthatｃhiｌdrenｐlaydｉffｅrｅntｌyinaｎaｔuｒaleｎｖironment.Inｐlａｙgｒoｕnｄｓ,chilｄrencreateaｈiｅｒarchｙ(等级)baseｄonphｙｓｉcalaｂilitiｅｓ,witｈtｈetoｕghｏnestakingtheｌeaｄ．Butwheｎagrassyaｒeawａｓplanteｄwiｔhbushｅs,ｔhｅchildrengotmｕchｍoreiｎｔofantasyｐlay，andthesocialｈierarchywasnowbasｅdｏnimaginatioｎandcreativity.ﻫMostbullｙinｇ(恃强凌弱)ｉsｆouｎdinschoolswherｅｔhereｉｓａｔarmac(柏油碎石)ｐlａyｇround;ｔheleastｂullyingｉsｉｎanatｕraｌareathａｔthechｉlｄrenaｒeｅｎｃouraｇedtoｅxｐｌore．ThｉsreminｄｓｍeuｎplｅaｓantlyoｆＳunnｙｈillＳchoolinStｒeatham,wiｔhitsharｓｈtarｍac,ｗｈeｒeＩusedtoｈanｇａboutｉncornｅｒｓfaｎtａｓisingaｂoutｗildlｉfｅ.

Bｕｔcｈiｌdｒenaｒefｒeｑｕentｌydiｓｃourａｇeｄfromｉnｖｏlｖｅｍentwithnatuｒalspaｃeｓ,forhｅaｌｔhaｎdsafetyreａsons,foｒfearthatｔheymighｔgetdｉrtyorthattheｙmightｃausedaｍage.So，ｉnstｅaｄ,tｈedａmａｇeisdonｅtothechildrｅnthemｓeｌｖes：ｎottotheirbodiesbuttotｈeｉrｓｏuｌｓ.

ＯneoｆthｅgｒeatｐｒoｂleｍsofｍoｄernｃhildhooｄisＡDHＤ,ｎoｗincｒeasｉnglyandｅxｐeｎｓivｅlytｒｅatedｗiｔhdruｇs.YｅｔonestudyaｆｔeｒanotherindicateｓthaｔｃoｎｔａctwｉthnatｕregiveｓhｕgeｂenefiｔsｔoADHDchilｄren．Hｏｗever,ｗesｐenｄｍoneyoｎdｒｕgsratherthａnongrｅｅｎplaces．ﻫTｈeｌifｅoｆoldｐeoｐleiｓmeａsｕrablｙbetterｗｈenｔhｅyhａveaccessｔｏnaｔure.Ｔｈeincreasｉｎgemphaｓｉsforthegrowinｇpoｐulationoｆoldpeoｐlｅisｉnqualityrａｔherｔhanｑuantityofｙｅars.Anｄstudyａfterstudyfiｎdstｈaｔagardenisthesｉｎgleｍoｓtimｐoｒｔantthinginfindiｎgthaｔqualiｔｙ．ﻫInwideｒandmorｅｄiｆficｕltaｒeasoｆlife,thereisevｉｄｅnceｔoindicatｅthａｔnaturalｓurroundｉngsiｍｐｒｏｖｅallｋindsoｆtｈｉngｓ.Evenproｂlｅmswiｔhcrimeａndagｇrｅsｓｉｖｅbehavｉｏurarereducedwｈenthereisｃｏｎtactwiｔhthｅnaｔｕralworld.ﻫDrWiｌｌiaｍＢｉrd,researcheｒfrｏmtｈeRoyalSｏｃietｙfｏrtheProｔectioｎofBirds,statesinｈisstudy,“Ａnatｕraleｎvｉrｏnｍeｎtｃaｎreｄｕceviｏlenｔbehaｖiouｒbecａuseitsrestoratiｖｅｐrｏceｓshｅlpsreｄucｅangeｒａndiｍpｕｌsivebｅｈaviour.”Wiｌdplaｃesneedencouragingfoｒｔhｉsrｅasoｎ,nomatterhoｗsmalｌｔｈeircontrｉbution.

Wetendｔolｏokonnatuｒｅｃoｎｓervatiｏnaｓsomｅｋｉndoｆfavourｔhatｈｕｍａnbeｉngsaregrantingtｏthenatｕrａlworlｄ．Theerrorｈereisｆartoｏｄeep:notonｌydｏhumaｎｓnｅednatuｒeforthemseｌvｅｓ，buｔtheveryｉdeathathumanｉtyandtｈenatｕralwｏrldarｅseｐaraｂlｅthｉｎgsisproｆoundlyｄａmaｇing.ﻫHｕmａnbeiｎgsａreａsｐｅciesofｍaｍｍａls（哺乳动物).Fｏｒseｖenmiｌlionｙearstｈeyｌivedonｔheplaｎeｔaspａrtoｆnaturｅ.Ｏuraｎceｓｔｒａlselvesmissthenaturaｌwｏrldaｎdlｏnｇfoｒcｏntactwitｈnon-ｈuｍaｎliｆe.Anyonewhohaspattedａdｏg,ｓtroｋeｄａcat,ｓatunderatrｅewithapintoｆｂｅeｒ,gｉveｎorrｅceｉvｅｄabｕnｃhｏfflowersorcｈosentowalｋthｒouｇｈthepaｒkｏnaniceday,uｎderstaｎｄsthaｔ.ﻫWeneedthewilｄｗorld.Iｔisｅsseｎtｉａltoouｒwell－ｂｅing,ourhｅalth,ourｈａppineｓs.Withouｔｔhewｉｌｄwoｒldweａrｅnoｔmｏｒebutleｓsciｖｉliｓed.Ｗｉtｈoｕｔotheｒlｉｖiｎgthingsaroｕndusweaｒeleｓsthanhuｍａn.ﻫFivewａystofindharmonywitｈthｅｎａｔuraｌｗorlｄ

Walk:Ｂrｅaktｈerhyｔhmｏfpｅｒmaｎenｔｌybeinｇｕnderaroof．Getoffasｔopeａrlｉｅr，maｋeaｃircuitoftheｐarｋatlunchtime，walkthechilｄｔoandfｒoｍschool，getadog,feｅlyourselfｍovinginmovingａir,lｏok,listｅｎ,absｏｒｂ.

Sit:Ｔakeaｍｏｍent，eveｒynowandtｈen,toｂｅstiｌｌiｎａnoｐenｓpacｅ．Inthegaｒｄeｎ，aｎywheｒｅthaｔ’ｓnｏｔinｔｈeｏffice,ａnywｈereoutoftｈeｈouse,ａwayfｒｏmtherｏutine.Siｔuｎｄeratree,looｋatwater,ｆeelｒefreshｅd，evｅｒｓoslｉｇhtlyreneｗｅd.

Drink:Thebesｔwａｙtoｅnｊoytheｎａturａｌwoｒldisｂｙyourself；ｔhesecoｎdbestwayisｉnｃｏｍpaｎy.Takeadrinｋoｕtｓidewithagｏodpｅrsｏn,agoodgathｅring:ｔalｋwｉｔhtｈｅsuｎａndｔhewｉndwithbirdsongｆｏrbackgrｏｕnd．

Learｎ:Expandｙoｕrbounｄａries.Ｌeaｒnfivｅspeciesｏfbird，ｆivｅbｕtterflies,ｆiｖｅtrees,fｉvebirdsongs.Tｈａtway，youseeandheａrｍoｒｅ:ａndyｏurmindrｅsｐｏndsgratefuｌlytoｔheｇrｅatｅｒamountｏfwｉｌdｎｅsｓｉｎyoｕrｌife.

Traｖeｌ：Theplacｅsyoualｗａysｗanｔedtoｖisit:bytheｓeａｓide，iｎthｅｃｏuntｒy,inｔheｈilｌs.Takeaweekendbreak,aｄay-trip,ｇetoｕtthereanｄdｏit:ｆｏrｔhｅｓcenery,fortheｗaｙthroughthｅｗｏoｄs,forthｅｂirdｓ,fortｈｅｂeｅｓ.Ｇosomewheｒespeｃｉalandbrinｇｓｐecｉａｌnesshｏｍe．Itｌａsｔsforｅｖeｒ,aｆtｅｒalｌ.

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。ﻫ1.Ｗｈaｔistｈeａuthor’sprofoｕndｂeliｅf?

[Ａ]Pｅoｐｌeinstinctｉｖeｌyseekｎａｔureindiｆfeｒeｎtways.ﻫ[B]Peopｌesｈoｕlｄsｐｅｎdmosｔofｔheｉrｌivesinｔhewｉld.ﻫ[C]Peoｐlehaｖequiteｄiffｅrｅntｐｅrceptionｓoｆnature.

[D］Ｐeｏplemusｔmａｋemoreeffortｓｔostudｙｎaｔurｅ．

2.Whaｔdoesｔｈeauthorｓａｙｐeoplｅpｒｅfeｒfｏrtｈeirｃhiｌdreｎnｏwadａyｓ?ﻫ［A]Persｏnalｆreｅdｏm.ﻫ［Ｂ]Thingｓthataｒenatuｒａl.ﻫ［C］Ｕrbansuｒｒoundｉｎｇｓ.

[D]Ｔｈｉｎgｓthaｔareｐｕｒchased．ﻫ3.WｈatdoｅsaｓtudｙinSweｄｅnｓhｏw?ﻫ[A]Thenaｔuralenvironmentcanhelpｃhｉｌdrｅｎlｅａrnｂetter．

［Ｂ]Ｍoreaｃcｅsstonaturemａｋeｓcｈilｄrｅnleｓsｌiｋelyｔofalｌill.

[C］Agoodplａygｒounｄhelpｓkｉdｓdeｖｅloｐthｅｉrphysｉcａｌabｉlities.ﻫ［D]NaturalviｅwｓcaｎｐｒevｅntchildrenfｒｏmdevelｏpingADHD.ﻫ4.Chｉldreｎｗhｏhａvechancｅstｏeｘplorenatｕralareaｓ________.ﻫ[A]tｅndtodeveｌopastｒoｎglovｅｆｏrｓcieｎcｅ

[B]aｒemorelikelｙtｏfantａsiｓeaｂoutｗildｌiｆｅ

［Ｃ]tｅndｔobephｙｓicａｌlytoｕghｅｒinａduｌthｏod

[D］arｅlｅssｌikelytobeinvolveｄiｎbｕlｌying

5.WhatdoestheａuthoｒsｕggesｔwedotohｅlpcｈildreｎwithＡＤHD?ﻫ[A]Finｄmoｒｅeffectiｖedrugｓfortｈem．

[B]Providemoｒｅｇrｅenｓｐaｃeｓfoｒthem.

[C]Placｅｔhemuｎｄermoｒepｅｒsｏｎalcａre.ﻫ[Ｄ]Eｎgagｅtｈemｉnmoremeaｎingfuｌａctｉviｔｉes.ﻫ6．Ｉnwｈatwayｄｏｅlderｌyｐeｏｐlebenefitfromｔｈeｉrcontactwｉthnature?

[A]Thｅyｌｏokoｎlifeoptimｉstically.[C]Theyａreabletoliveloｎger．ﻫ[B]Tｈｅyenjoyａｌiｆeofbettｅrqualｉtｙ.[D］Thｅyｂecoｍegood-huｍoured.ﻫ7.ＤｒWilliａmBirdsugｇｅｓtsinhissｔudythaｔ＿__＿____.ﻫ[A]humanityａnｄnatｕreａrecomplｅｍentarytoｅachoｔher

［Ｂ]wildｐlacesmaｙｉｎduｃeiｍpuｌsｉveｂehaviourinpeopleﻫ[C]ａcceｓｓtoｎａｔurecontｒibutｅstothｅreｄucｔioｎｏfviｏｌenｃeﻫ［D]ittａkeｓalongtiｍｅｔorｅstorenatureoncedａｍaged

8.Ｉｔiseｘtｒemelyharmfulｔoｔhinｋｔhaｔｈumａnｉｔyandthenａtuｒａlworldcanbe_＿____＿__＿___＿_＿＿＿______.

9.Tｈeａuthorbeliｅｖesｔhａｔwewouｌｄnotｂeｓociｖiliｓedｗiｔhout_＿_________＿_____＿＿_____.ﻫ1０.Thefivesuggeｓtioｎstheauthoｒgiｖｅｓaｔｔｈeeｎdofthepａsｓageareｍeaｎttoencｏuragｅpeopletoseek____＿＿＿__＿_＿＿____witｈｔｈenaturaｌwoｒld.PartＩＩＩＬisteninｇComprehｅnｓion(35miｎｕtes）

ＳecｔｉonAﻫDiｒectｉonｓ：Ｉnthｉsｓection,yoｕwillheａr8sｈorｔcoｎversａｔionsand2ｌongcｏｎｖｅrsatｉons.Ａｔｔｈeｅndofeaｃhconveｒsatｉoｎ，oneorｍoreｑuｅsｔionsｗillbeaskeｄaboutwhaｔwassaid.Boththecoｎvｅrｓａｔionａndthequestioｎswiｌlbespokenonｌyoｎcｅ.Afterｅachqｕｅstiｏnthereｗｉｌlｂeaｐａusｅ.Duｒingtheｐａuｓe，yoｕmusｔreadthefourchoiｃeｓmaｒｋed［A],［B],[C]and[D],anddeｃidewhiｃhisthｅbeｓtanｓweｒ．ＴｈenmａrkｔhｅcorrｅspoｎdinglｅttｅronAnｓwｅrSheet2wiｔhａｓingleｌiｎeｔｈｒｏughtheｃenｔre．ﻫ注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

11.[A]Theｍａnｓｈouldｖisｉtthemusｅums.ﻫ[Ｃ]Thebｅaｃhrｅｓortisagooｄchｏice.

[B］Shecan’tsｔanｄthehotweａtheｒ.

[D]SheenjoyssｔayｉｎginWashingtｏn.

1２.[A］Hernewrｅsponsiｂilitiｅsinthecoｍｐanｙ．

[Ｂ]Whatherｊobpｒospectsare．ﻫ[C］Whａtｔhecusｔomｅｒｓ’feｅｄbacｋis.

[D]Tｈｅdirｅctor’ｓｏpinionoｆhｅrｗork.ﻫ13.［A]Cｏmｂinｅhｅrtraｉｎｉｎgｗithｄieting.ﻫ[B]Repeatｔｈetrainｉnｇeｖerythrｅｅｄaｙs.

[C］Aｖoｉdeｘcｅssivepｈyｓiｃalｔrainｉng.

[D］Includeweigｈtlｉftinginｔｈeproｇrａm.

１4.[A]Wｈenshewｉllreturnhｏme.ﻫ［Ｂ］Whetｈershecａｎgobｙherself.

[Ｃ]Whｅｔheｒsｈｅcantrａｖelｂｙair.ﻫ[Ｄ]Whenｓhｅｗｉllｃompletelｙreｃoveｒ.ﻫ15.［A]Thewoｍaｎknｏwsｈowtodealｗiｔhthepoｌiｃe.

［B］Thewoｍａnhadbeenfinedmａnytimesｂｅfore.ﻫ[Ｃ]Thewｏmanhadｖioｌａtｅdtrafｆicregulatｉoｎs.

[D]Ｔhewomanｉsｇoodatfｉndinｇexcuｓes.

16．[A]Swｉtcｈofftherｅfrｉgeｒaｔorforａｗhｉｌe.

[Ｂ]Haveｓoｍeonｅrepａirtherｅfrigeraｔoｒ.ﻫ［C]Askthemａntoｆixtherefriｇerator.

[D]Bｕyarｅfrigｅrａtorofbｅｔteｒｑualｉｔｙ.

１7．[A］Heowｎsapｉeceoflａndinthedowｎtｏwｎａrea.ﻫ［B]Ｈeｈasｇotenｏugｈmoneytoｂuｙaｈｏuｓe．ﻫ［Ｃ］Hｅｃanfｉｎalｌyｄowhathehａsdrｅａｍedoｆ.

[Ｄ]Hｅｉsmovingｉｎtｏabigｇeｒapartmｅnｔ.

1８．[A］Sheisｂｌackaｎｄbluealloｖer.

［Ｂ]Sｈehasｔogoｔoseｅａｄoｃtor．

[Ｃ］Shｅstaｙeｄａwａｙfｒomｗorkｆｏrafeｗdａys.ﻫ［D]Shegothuｒtinanaccidｅntyｅsｔerday.ﻫQuｅsｔionｓ19to21ａrｅbasedoｎｔheｃoｎvｅrｓatiｏｎyouhavejｕstｈeard.ﻫ19.[A]Sｈewasａbanｋmanager．ﻫ[B]Shewasavictｉmｏfｔherobbery．ﻫ[C]Ｓhｅwasａｄefeｎcｅlawyer.ﻫ[D］Shewasawiｔnesｓｔoｔhecriｍe.ﻫ2０.［A]Ataｌlｍanwithｄarkhａｉｒanｄａmoustａche.ﻫ[B]Ayｏｕｔhｗｉｔｈａｄｉstiｎguiｓhiｎgmarｋoｎhisｆaｃe.

[C]Athirty-year-oldguywearingａligｈｔsweaｔｅr.ﻫ[Ｄ]Ａmｅdiｕm-siｚｅdｙｏｕｎgmａncarryinｇagｕn.ﻫ２１.[A]Identifyｔｈesuｓpｅctｆrｏmpictures.［Ｃ]Havｅｈeｒｐhｏtoｔakｅnfortheｉrｆilｅs.

[B]Goupsｔairｓtｏsigｎsoｍedｏcuｍent.[D]Ｖeｒｉfytｈereｃorｄofｗｈatｓheｈadsaid.ﻫQuesｔions2２to２5ａrebasedｏntheconvｅrｓatｉonyｏuhavｅjustheａｒｄ.ﻫ２2.[A］Ｂyrｅaｄingａｎeｗspaｐerad.[Ｃ］Ｂylｉsteningtｏｔhemｏｒningｎeｗs.

［B]ByｓｅeｉｎｇaｃommercｉａlｏnTV.[D]Byｃallinｇanemploymentserviｃe.

23.[A］Sｈｅcouldiｍproveherforeignlangｕaｇeｓ.

[Ｂ]Ｓhecoｕldwｏrkcｌosｅtｏheｒfamｉｌy.

［C]Sｈeｃouｌｄtrａvelovｅrsｅaｓfrequently．ﻫ[D］Shecoulduseherpreviｏｕsｅxｐｅrienｃes.

24.［Ａ］Tａkiｎgmａnagｅmｅnｔｃoursｅs.[Ｃ]Workｉngasasecretarｙ.ﻫ[B]TeａcｈinｇＥｎglishataｕniversity．[D］StudｙｉngfｏｒaｄeｇｒeeinFrｅncｈ.ﻫ２5.［A］Prｅparefoｒaniｎtｅrviewinacoupleofdａys．ﻫ[Ｂ]Rｅaｄtheａdvertisemenｔagａiｎｆormoreｄetaiｌs.

［C]Sｅnｄinawｒittｅnａｐplｉcaｔionａｓsｏｏnaspoｓｓｉble.

[D]Gｅｔtoknowｔhecandｉｄatesontｈeｓhｏrｔｌiｓt.ﻫSectionB

Ｄiｒectiｏnｓ:Inｔhissｅｃｔｉｏn，yｏuｗillhｅａr３ｓhortｐassａｇes.Ａｔtheendofｅachpassａge,youwiｌｌｈｅarsomeｑueｓｔiｏns.Botｈthepasｓａｇeａnｄtｈequesｔｉonｓｗillbeｓpoｋｅnonlyoncｅ.Afteryouhｅaraquestiｏn,yｏｕmｕｓｔcｈoｏsethebｅstanｓwｅrfromtｈeｆｏuｒcｈoiｃeｓmarkeｄ[A],[B]，[C]ａｎd[D］.ThｅnｍarkthecorｒespondinｇlｅtｔｅronAｎsweｒSheet2ｗitｈasiｎglｅlinethrｏughtｈecenｔre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。ﻫPaｓｓageOneﻫQuestioｎs26ｔo29areｂasｅdontｈepassａgｅyouhavejｕｓtｈearｄ.

26.［A]Thｅycａnnｏｔseethｅfｉrｅｆiｇhtｅrsｂecaｕsｅoｆthesmｏke.ﻫ［Ｂ]Theｙdoｎｏtreａｌizetheｄangerｔhｅyareｉn.ﻫ[C]Theyｃａnnothｅaｒthｅfiｒefighteｒｓfｏrｔｈenoiｓe．

[D]Theｙｍistakｅtｈｅfirefｉghｔersfoｒmonsｔｅrs.

27.[Ａ］HetｒaｖｅlsaｌloverAmｅricatohelpｐutouｔfires.

[B］Ｈeoftｅnｔeachｅschildrenwｈatｔｏdｏdｕｒingaｆｉre.

[Ｃ]HeteacｈeｓＳpaniｓhinaSａnＦranｃiｓｃocommuｎity．

[D］Heｐrovｉdesoｘygｅｎｍasksｔochｉldｒenfreｅofcharge.

２８.[A］Ｈｅsaｖeｄthｅｌifeofhisｂrｏｔherchokｉnｇonfoｏd.ﻫ[B]Herescueｄａstudenｔfromabｉｇfｉrｅ.ﻫ［Ｃ］Heｉsｖerygｏｏdatpubｌicspｅaking．

[Ｄ]Hegｉｖesiｎfｏrｍatiｖｅｔalkstoyoungchiｌdｒen.

29．[A]FireｆｉghteｒｓplayaniｍｐｏrtaｎｔroleinAｍｅriｃa.

[B]Kiｄsshｏuｌdｌeａrnnottobｅafraiｄofmonsterｓ．ﻫ［C]Ｃａrｅｌｅｓsｎesscaｎresuｌtintｒａgedｉes．ﻫ[D]Iｎｆｏrmaｔiveｓpeeｃhesｃansaｖelｉves．ﻫPassageＴｗoﻫQuestionｓ3０ｔo32areｂasedoｎthｅpassａgeyouhavｅjusｔhｅarｄ.ﻫ３0．[A]Ｔosatｉsfyｔhｅｎeedsｏｆtｈeｉｒfａmiｌy．ﻫ[B]Tofｕllｙrealizeｔheirpoｔenｔial.

［C]Ｔoｍaｋemｏnｅyforeaｒlｙrｅｔiremeｎt．ﻫ[D]Ｔogａiｎａsｅｎｓeｏftheirpeｒsonaｌｗｏｒtｈ．

3１.［A]Tｈeyｍayhavetｏcｏntinuetoworkiｎｏldage．ﻫ[B］Theｙｍａyregretthetｉmｅthｅywasｔed．ﻫ[Ｃ]Tｈeｙｍayhavenｏbodytoｄependｏninｔhefutｕre．ﻫ［D]Tｈeymaｙhａveｆeｗerjobopportuniｔｉeｓ.ﻫ３２.［A]Makingwisｅｕseofyｏurtime.

［Ｂ]Ｅｎjoyingyoｕｒselｆwhｉｌeｙoucan.

[C]Ｓavingａsmucｈasyoucａn．

[Ｄ]Worｋｉnghardaｎdｐlａyiｎgｈard．

ＰasｓageThｒeｅ

Qｕestioｎs33to35ａrebasedｏnthepassageｙoｕhａｖｅjusｔｈeａrd.

３３．[A]Harｄworkinｇstudentsｂｅingａccｕsedｏfcheａting.ﻫ[B]Boystuｄｅntsｂｅingoｆtentreaｔedasｌａｗ－breakｅｒs.

[C]Innocenｔｐeoｐlｅbeｉｎgsusｐｅcteｄｇrounｄleｓｓｌｙ.

[D]Ｊuniｏrｅmpｌoyｅｅsbｅingmadetoｗoｒｋovertime.

34.[Ａ]Forbiddingstudenｔstotakefoodoutoｆｔｈeresｔaurant.

[Ｂ]Reqｕestiｎgcusｔomeｒstｏｐａybefoｒetakinｇtｈeｆooｄ．

[C］Askｉｎgcusｔomerstoｌeavｅtｈｅirbaｇｓonｔｈecounters．

[Ｄ]Ａｌlｏwｉngonｌytwｏstudｅｎtstoenteｒatａtiｍe.

35．[Ａ]Hewａstａｋentoｔｈemaｎager.[Ｃ]Hewasaskedtoleavｅ.ﻫ[B]Heｗasclosｅｌｙｗａtched.[D]Hewasoverｃharｇｅd.

SectｉonC

Dｉｒeｃtions:Intｈisｓｅction，youwilｌheaｒapassagｅthrｅetimeｓ.Ｗｈenthepaｓsageisｒｅaｄfoｒtｈｅｆirsttｉｍe,ｙoushoｕｌdlｉstｅｎcarｅfｕllyforitsgｅnｅrａlidea.Ｗｈｅｎｔhｅpasｓageisreadfortｈeｓｅcoｎdtiｍe,youarerequiredtoｆiｌlintｈeblanｋsnumberｅdｆroｍ36tｏ43wiｔhtheｅxａctwoｒｄsｙoｕhavejｕsｔheａｒd.Ｆorblanksnuｍbereｄfrom44tｏ4６yoｕarｅreqｕireｄtofilｌinthｅmissinｇinformatｉon．Fｏrthesｅｂlanks，ｙoucaｎｅitherｕsetheeｘａｃtｗordｓyｏｕhaveｊusｔhｅａｒdｏｒｗriteｄownｔhemainpoｉntsｉｎｙouｒownwords.Finally,ｗhenｔhｅｐａssageisreadforthｅtｈｉｒｄｔiｍe,youshouｌｄｃheckwhatyｏuｈａｖewrittｅn.

注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。ﻫWrｉtiｎgｋeepsｕsｉntoｕchwithotherpeｏpｌe．Weｗritｅtoｃomｍunicateｗitｈrｅlａｔivesaｎdｆrieｎds.Wewritｅto（３6）______＿____＿_ouｒｆamilyhistorｉesｓoｏｕrchiｌdreｎandgｒanｄchildｒeｎｃanｌearnand（37)__＿______＿_＿＿theiｒheriｔage(传统).WithｃｏmｐuterｓaｎdInｔeｒneｔconnｅctiｏnsｉｎｓomaｎｙ(3８)＿＿__＿_＿＿_＿___,cｏlleges,busｉｎesｓ,ｐeｏｐlee－maiｌingｆrieｎdsandｒeｌatｉvesalltheｔime—ortaｌkinｇtotｈeminｗritiｎginｏｎｌine(３9)___＿____＿＿___rooms．Itisｃhｅapertｈancaｌlinglonｇdisｔance,ａnｄalotｍｏre（40)＿_＿__________thａｎｗaｉtinguｎｔiｌSundayｆｏrthetelepｈone(４１）__＿__＿＿____＿_ｔoｄrop.Studenｔsaree-ｍａｉlingtheirprofesｓorｓtｏ（4２)__＿＿__＿＿__＿__aｎddiscusｓtheirclasｓrｏomａsｓignmentsandｔｏ(43）_＿__＿____＿＿__thｅm.Thｅyａrｅe-mailiｎgclassmａtｅｓtodｉscｕssanｄcoｌlabｏｒate（合作）ｏｎhｏmework．(4４)＿______＿__＿___＿＿_＿__＿__＿_＿＿＿__＿_＿＿_＿______＿_＿___＿__＿__＿_＿_.

Despiｔethegrowinｇｉｍpｏrtanceofcompｕｔers，ｈowever,ｔｈerewillalｗａｙsbeａpｌaceaｎdneｅdｆｏｒtｈｅｐeｒｓonａlｌetｔｅr.（４5)＿____＿_＿_＿＿_＿_＿＿_＿＿__＿_＿___＿________＿_____＿＿_______＿.Nomattｅrwhａtthecontentofｔheｍessage,iｔsrealpｏintｉs,“IwaｎｔyoutoknowthatIcaｒｅaboutyou.”(４６）＿__________＿__＿_______＿_＿__＿______＿＿＿_＿_＿_＿_______________＿_______＿＿,ｂutonlyinthesuccessｏfhumanｒｅlationsｈipｓ.PartⅣＲeadｉｎgＣｏｍprehｅnsｉｏn(ReadingiｎDｅpｔh)(2５minutｅs)

ＳｅctiｏnA

Dirｅcｔions:Iｎｔｈissecｔiｏｎ，ｔｈereｉｓapassａgｅwiｔhtｅnblaｎks．Yｏｕａrerequiredtosｅlecｔｏｎewｏrｄforｅacｈblａｎkfｒoｍalistofｃｈoicesgivenｉnawoｒdbaｎkfoｌlowingｔheｐaｓｓage.Ｒeａdthepassagethｒｏughcａｒｅfuｌlybeforeｍakingyourｃhoｉceｓ.Eachcｈoｉceintｈebａnkｉsｉdｅｎtiｆiedｂyaletｔｅr.PleasemarkｔｈｅcorrespｏnｄingletｔerfoｒｅachｉteｍonAｎswerSheet2ｗithａsｉnglelinetｈｒoughtｈeｃenｔrｅ.Yｏuｍａynoｔuseanｙofｔheｗordsiｎthｅbanｋｍoreｔhanｏnce.

Quｅsｔions4７to56arebasｅｄonthefollowｉngpassaｇｅ.ﻫＷhaｔｄeteｒmｉnｅstｈｅｋindofｐersonyouａre?Ｗhａtfａctorsmakeyoumoｒeｏrlessｂold,inｔeｌlｉgeｎt,oraｂｌeｔoreadａmap?Aｌｌoｆtheseareinfｌuencedｂytheiｎteractionofyourgｅnesandｔheｅnviｒｏnｍentinｗhichyouweｒe47.Thesｔuｄｙofhoｗｇenesandenviｒonｍeｎtｉnｔeｒacｔｔoiｎfluｅnce48actiｖityisｋnowｎasbehavioraｌgｅneｔｉcs．Behａvｉoralｇenetiｃshasmaｄeｉmporｔaｎt49ｔｏthｅbioｌogicaｌrｅｖolutiｏn,providｉnginfｏrmatiｏnaboｕttheexｔenｔｔowｈｉｃhｂioｌoｇyiｎfluencesmind,brａｉnandｂeｈavior.ﻫAｎyrｅseａrchthatｓuggｅstｓthaｔ50topｅrformcｅrtaｉnbehavｉｏｒsａrebasedinbioｌｏgyｉscontrｏverｓial.Wｈoｗａnｔｓｔobｅtoldtｈａｔtｈeｒｅarｅlｉmitationstｏwhatyｏucan５1ｂaｓｅdonsomethingthatisbｅyondｙｏurcontｒoｌ,suｃhasｙourgenｅs?Ｉtｉseasyｔｏaｃcepｔｔhatgeｎeｓcontrｏlphysicａlｃharacterｉsｔicｓｓuchａsｓex,ｒａceanｄｅyｅcolｏr.Butcanｇeｎｅｓalsｏdeｔｅｒｍinｅwhethｅrpeoplewｉｌlgｅｔdivoｒceｄ，how５2tｈeｙare,orwｈatcareｅrｔheyａrｅｌikelytochoosｅ?Ａcｏncerｎoｆｐsycholoｇicａlｓｃienｔistsｉsthe53towｈｉchaｌlofｔhｅseｃharactｅristiｃsａreｉnfluｅnceｄbynatuｒeandnurｔurｅ(养育),ｂygeneticmaｋｅｕｐａndｔhｅeｎviroｎmｅnt．Ｉnｃreasingｌy,sciｅｎce５4ｔhａtｇｅneslａyｔhｅgrounｄｗｏrkｆormanｙｈumａntraｉｔｓ.Ｆｒｏmthisｐersｐｅｃtiｖe,peopleareboｒｎ55ｌｉｋeunｄｅｖelopｅdｐhotogｒaphs：Ｔhｅimageｉsalｒeadｙcaptured,bｕｔthｅwayit56appearｓcanvａｒybａsｅdｏnthedevｅｌoｐmentproｃess.Hｏweｖer，thebaｓｉcｐｉctureiｓtherefromtheｂegｉnniｎg．

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡２上作答。

[A]aｂilｉties[I］exｔentﻫ[Ｂ]achieve[J]iｎdｉcateｓﻫ［C]apｐeａｌ[K］ｐｒoceeｄs

［Ｄ］ｃomｐlaints[L］psｙcｈologｉｃａlﻫ［E]contｒibutions[Ｍ］ｒaisｅdﻫ[F]diｓｐlａyed[N]smart

[Ｇ]ｅssentｉally[O]standard

[H］eveｎｔｕallyﻫＳｅcｔioｎB

Ｄirections:Ｔhereare２ｐassagｅsinthissection.Ｅaｃhpassaｇｅiｓｆollowedbｙsomequestiｏnsorunｆinisheｄｓtatements.Foreａchｏfthｅmtｈerｅarefouｒchoicｅsｍarked［A],［Ｂ],[C]anｄ［Ｄ].ＹoushouldｄecideontｈebestchoiceandｍaｒｋthecorｒesｐｏｎｄinｇleｔteroｎAnsweｒＳheｅｔ2wiｔｈasｉｎglｅlinｅthroughｔhｅceｎtre.

PａssageOne

Questｉoｎｓ57ｔo６1aｒebaseｄoｎthefｏlloｗｉngpassage.

Iｔｉspreｔtｙmuchaone－waystreet．Ｗhileitmａybecｏmmonfｏruniｖersityｒesｅarｃherstotrytheｉrｌｕｃkinｔｈecｏmmｅrcialwｏrld,therｅisvｅrylittlｅtｒaffiｃｉｎtｈeopｐosiｔeｄirectioｎ.Ｐayｈａsaｌwaysbeenthebiggestｄetｅrｒｅnｔ,aｓpeｏpleｗithfaｍｉｌiesoftenfeeｌｔｈeycａnｎｏtaffordthedroｐiｎｓalａrｙwhenｍｏvingtoauniversiｔｙｊob.Forsomeindustrialsｃienｔists,howｅvｅr，tｈeattractionsｏｆacａdemｉa(学术界)ouｔweighanyfinaｎｃialconsiderａtiｏns．

HｅleｎＬeetooka70%cuｔinｓalaｒywｈｅnshｅmｏｖeｄfｒｏmaseｎiｏｒposｔｉｎAbboｔｔLaboｒａtorｉeｓtｏaｍｅｄicaldepartmentａttｈeUnivｅｒsｉtyoｆCａmbｒiｄge．Hermaiｎreａsｏnforretuｒningtoａcadｅmiaｍｉd-carｅerwastotakeａdvaｎｔａｇeofｔheｇreateｒｆｒeｅｄomtoｃｈooseｒeseaｒchqｕestｉｏnｓ.Ｓoｍeaｒeasoｆinquirｙhaｖefewpｒospecｔsofａcommｅｒciａlretuｒｎ，ａndLeｅ’sｉsoneofthem.

Theimpａctofasａlarycuｔisprｏbablyｌesssｅｖereforａsｃiｅｎtistintheearlystａｇesoｆａｃａrｅｅr.GuyGｒant,nowaresearcｈａsｓociａteａttheＵniｌeverCentｒeforMoleｃularIｎｆorｍａticsａttheUniveｒｓｉtyoｆＣａｍbridge,ｓpenttｗｏyearsworｋｉｎgfoｒａpｈarmａceuｔical(制药的）compａnybefｏrerｅtuｒningｔｏunｉversiｔｙａsaｐost-doctorａlreseaｒｃhｅr.Hetｏoｋａ30%ｓalaｒycｕtｂutfeltｉtwortｈwｈileforｔhegrｅaｔeｒiｎtelｌｅctuaｌｏppｏrtｕnｉties.

Hｉgｈｅｒｕｐthｅladdeｒ,wｈｅrｅａpaycｕtisusuａlｌymoresignifｉcant,thedemanｄforscientistｓwiｔｈaｗeaｌthoｆｅxpeｒienceinindustryisfoｒciｎgｕｎiｖｅrsitiestomakethｅtrａnsｉｔion(转换)toaｃaｄｅmiamoreatｔractive,accoｒdiｎgtoLｅe．Ｉndｕsｔrialsciｅntｉsｔstendｔｏrｅｃeivetraiｎinｇｔhatａｃａｄemicｓdonot,ｓuchashｏｗtobｕｉldaｍuｌtidｉscipliｎaryteam,ｍａnagｅbuｄgｅtsａnｄnｅgotiaｔeｃontｒａcｔs.Tｈeyａrealｓowelｌplacedtoｂriｎｇsoｍethingexｔratoｔｈetｅaｃｈｉｎgｓideofａnacademｉcrolethatwｉllｈｅlpstｕｄentsｇetajｏｂwhenthｅyｇradｕatｅ,saysLee,peｒhapsexperiencｅinmanufacturinｇpractｉｃeorproｄucｔｄeｖeloｐment.“Onlyasmalｌnuｍberofundeｒgraduatｅsｗiｌlｃontinueiｎanacａdemｉccareｅr.Sosomeｏneleａｖingunｉｖersｉtywhoalreadyｈaｓtｈesｋｉllsneededtowoｒｋinaｎinｄｕstｒiallabｈaｓfarｍoｒepｏtentｉaｌｉnthejobｍarkｅｔｔｈａnｓomeonewhoｈａsｓpentalltheｉｒｔimeｏnaｎａrｒowreseａrchproject.”ﻫ注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。ﻫ５7.Ｂy“aone－ｗａyｓtreet”（Ｌine1,Ｐara.1）,theautｈormｅaｎs____＿___.ﻫ[A］uniｖeｒsityresearｃherskｎｏwｌｉttleaboutthecommｅｒcｉａlworld

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