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七年级上册英语期末所有必考知识点大汇总!Unit1MakingNewFriends【重点短语】1.
goodmorning/afternoon/evening
早上/下午/晚上好2.
glad/nicetomeet/seeyou
见到你不久乐3.
welcometo+地点
欢迎来到……4.
let’s+v
让我们做……5.
standup
起立6.
sitdown坐下7.
thisis...
这是……8.
thanks=thankyou谢谢9.
seeyou=seeyoulater=goodbye
再见10.
IDnumber
身份证号码11.
befrom=comefrom
来自12.
inEnglish用英语【重要句型】1.---What’syourname?---MynameisSally.2.---Where
are
you
from?---I’mfromChina.---Where
doyoucome
from?---IcomefromChina.3.---Whereishe/shefrom?---He/SheisfromJapan.4.---What’s
this/thatinEnglish?---It’sa/an…
5.---What’rethese/thoseinEnglish?---They’re…
6.---Howdoyouspellit?---E-R-A-S-E-R,eraser.7.---Canyouspellit?---Yes,M-A-P,map.8.—Howoldareyou/ishe/arethey?—I’m/Heis/Theyareeleven.9.—What’s
your
telephonenumber?—It’s4567967.10.—Whatclass/gradeareyouin?
—I’m
inClassTen,GradeSeven.(注意大小写)11.Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.
12.—Hello!/Hi!
—Hello!/Hi!13.—Nice/Gladtosee/meetyou.
—Nice/Gladtosee/meetyou,too.14.—WelcometoChina/myhome.
—Thanks.15.—Howdoyoudo?
—Howdoyoudo?16.—Howareyou?
—Fine,thankyou.Andyou?
—I’mOK.17.—Seeyouthen/later.
—Seeyou.
18.—Goodbye.
—Bye.19.—Thankyou.
—You’re
welcome./That’sOK./Notatall.【重点语法】1.元音字母:Aa
Ee
Ii
Oo
Uu包具有以下元音的字母:[e]
Aa
Hh
Jj
Kk
[i:]
Ee
Bb
Cc
Dd
Gg
Pp
Tt
Vv
[aɪ]Ii
Yy
[ju:]
Uu
Qq
Ww
[e]
Ff
Ll
Mm
Nn
Ss
Xx
Zz2.大小写句首字母,人名,地名,称呼语,专有名词,星期的首字母要大写,引人注意。•
Look!IsthatJane?•
HecomesfromHubei,China.•
Mr.Wang,thisismymom.•
—Whatclassareyouin?—I’minClassTen,GradeSeven.•
OnSunday,wegototheWestHillforapicnic.3.Be动词的用法•
我用am,你用are,is用于他、她、它,单数用is,复数就用are。•
含be动词的陈述句变否认句在be后加not,变一般疑问句将be提前。•
一般疑问句的肯定回答:Yes,人称代词+be;否认回答:No,人称代词+be+not。如:---Theyareteachers.
---Theyarenotteachers.---Aretheyteachers?
---Yes,theyare./
No,theyaren’t.4.不定冠词、定冠词和and的用法
(1)不定冠词a,an的用法a/an都表达“一,一个”,a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,如:abook;adesk;an用在以元音音素开头的单词前,如:anapple/anorange/anEnglishbook;/anEnglishboy/anoldman;/anactor/anEnglishteacher/anofficeworker.(2)the是定冠词,表特指,单复数前面都可用•
Wearein
the
sameclass.•
The
girlinapinkskirtisJane.•
Whereis
the
book?•
Thisisn’tmybike.
The
blueoneismine.(3)and的用法•
数字相加看做单数:Twoandthree
is
five.•
颜色相加也是单数:
Blackandwhite
is
gray.•
人和事物相加是复数:LucyandLily
are
sisters.
Thepenandtheeraser
are
Jane’s.5.可数名词单数变复数(1)规则变化①一般在名词词尾加-s,如:car---cars;photo---photos;toy---toys;boy---boys②以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词,在词尾加--es,如:box---boxes;bus--buses③以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加es,如:baby--babies;family--families4)以fe结尾,变fe为v再加es,如:knife---knives(2)不规则变化如:foot---feet;man---men;woman---women;snowman---snowmen;(3)集体名词:people,clothes,police,family(4)成双出现的名词:shoes,pants(trousers),gloves,eyes,ears九.一词多义:Anorange(桔子)isorange(橙色的).
Unit2LookingDifferent【重点短语】1.
givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.把某物给某人Please
giveittoher.2.
look
thesame长相相同
lookdifferent长相不同,看起来不同样3.
looklike看起来像He
lookslike
hisfather.=Heandhisfather
lookthesame.4.
nextto在……旁边Theboy
nextto
meismygoodfriend.5.
in+颜色
穿着……颜色的衣服in+a/an+颜色+衣服
穿着……颜色的……Theboy
inayellowT-shirtandgraypants
ismygoodfriend.6.
(1)both两者都(be动词之后,实义动词之前)
Theybothhavebrownhairandblackeyes.Theyarebothofficeworkers.(2)all三者或三者以上都Theyareallkindtome.
7.
数字+(形状、大小)+颜色+n.
two
bigredapplesShehasshortblondhair.【重点句型】1.
Who
is
yourfavoriteactor?2.
Weare
inthesameschool,
butweare
indifferentgrades.3.
Whatdo/does+主语+looklike?……长得怎么样?---Whatdoeshelooklike?---Heisnotverytallbutverystrong.4.
Wedon’tlookthesame,butwearegood
friends.We
lookthesame,butweare
indifferentclothes.5.
---Whatcoloris/are+主语?---It’s/They’re+颜色.---Whatcolorisherhair?---It’sblond.6.
Thisis
mycap.=Thiscapis
mine.Isthisyourcap?=Isthiscapyours?---Whosecap
isthis?=
Whoseisthis
cap?---It’sSally’s.---Whosearethesebananas?---They’re
theirbananas/
theirs.7.
Hispantsareblueandmineare
white.(mine=mypants)MyT-shirtisgreenandhis
is
brown.(his=hisT-shirt)8.
Ihavesmalleyes,buthehasbigones.(ones指代eyes)Myjacketisblueandwhite.Thatoneisblue.(one指代jacket)【重点语法】1.
动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式(1)主语是第三人称单数形式(he、she、it;单一的人;单一的名字;单一的事物),动词要用单三形式。实义动词变第三人称单数的规则:①一般情况直接加“s”,如:come---comes,meet---meets②动词以o,s,sh,ch,x结尾,加“es”,如:do--does;go--goes;teach--teaches③以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加es,如:study--studies,fly--flies,try--tries④特殊情况:have--has(2)句型转换①当主语为第三人称单数:变否认句时,在动词前加doesn’t,动词现原形;变一般疑问句时,在句首加does,动词现原形。一般疑问句的肯定回答:Yes,人称代词+does;否认回答:No,人称代词+doesn’t.如:Shehassmalleyes.---Shedoesn’thavesmalleyes.---Doesshehavesmalleyes?---Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t.②当主语为第一、第二人称变否认句,在动词前加don’t,变一般疑问句,在句首加do,肯定回答:Yes,人称代词+do;否认回答:No,人称代词+don’t.Theyhavesmalleyes.---Theydon’thavesmalleyes.---Dotheyhavesmalleyes?
---Yes,theydo.
/
No,theydon’t.2.表达所属关系(1)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词形容词性物主代词
my
your
his
her
our
their
its名词性物主代词
mine
yours
his
hers
ours
theirs
its•
--Whoseisthispen?Isityours?•
--No,it’snotmine.Mypenisblue.(2)名词所有格①用于人或其他表达有生命的名词后:•
单数或不以s结尾的复数+’s,如:Jane’sbook;Women’sDay•
以s结尾的复数+’如:Teachers’Day•
Lucy’sandLily’sbags分有
LucyandLily’sroom共有ThoseareJane’sshoes.=ThoseshoesareJane’s.②of表达所属关系,用于没有生命的物体,如:amapofChina;a
photoofmyfamilyUnit3GettingTogether【重点短语和句型】1.
Couldyouplease+动词原形……?用来表达委婉的请求---Couldyoupleasetellmeyourname?---Sure/Noproblem.My
nameisSally.---Sorry.2.
tell
sb.sth.=tellsth.to
sb.告诉某人某事
tellsb.about
sth.告诉某人关于某事Pleasetellmeyourname.=Pleasetellyournametome.PleasetellMariaaboutit.请把这件事告诉玛丽亚吧。3.
help
sb.do
sth.=helpsb.with
sth.在某方面帮助某人,帮助某人做某事Pleasehelpusfindhim.Couldyoupleasehelpme
with
English?=Couldyoupleasehelpmestudy
English?4.
want
todosth.=wouldliketodosth.想要做某事wantsth.=wouldlikesth.想要某物wantsb.todosth.
想要某人做……Hewants
tovisit
Beijing.=Hewouldliketovisit
Beijing.Iwant/wouldlikeanorange.JanewantsKangkangtosing
somesongswith
her.5.
show
sth.tosb.=showsb.sth.把某物展示给某人看Mariashowsaphotoofherfamily
to
Kangkang.6.
MyEnglishisverygood.=Icanspeak
Englishverywell.7.
live
in+地点
居住在某地livewith+sb.
和某人住HeliveinChinawithhisparents.8.
know
alotabout……知道许多关于……的事HeknowsalotaboutChina.9.
say表达说话的内容,speak表达说某种语言的能力Whatdoeshesay
intheletter?Hecanspeak
someEnglish.10.
对事物的喜欢限度like……verymuch/alot非常喜欢like……alittle有点喜欢don’tlike……atall
一点都不喜欢ManystudentsinourclasslikeEnglish
alot,butIlikeitalittle.Hedoesn’t
likechocolate
atall.11.
alotof+可数名词复数/不可数名词Ihavealotof
Englishbooks.12.
every
day天天
eachother互相
someofthem他们中的一些eatout下馆子,到外面吃饭13.
playwith
sb.和某人一块玩耍
liketodo/doing
sth.喜欢(做)某事Shelikestoplaywith
Kitty.14.
Helpyourself/yourselvestosth.随便吃(喝)……15.
be
kindtosb.对某人很和谐Theyareallkindto
me.他们对我很和谐。
It’sverykindofyou.你真好。16.
begladtodosth.不久乐(乐意)做……Iamverygladtobehere.我很乐旨在这里。Gladtomeetyou.不久乐见到你。17.
letsb.do
sth.让某人做某事Letmesee.让我想一想。Letushelpyoufindhim.让我们帮助你找到他。18.
Iamhome.我到家了。Mariaisn’tathome/innow.玛丽亚现在不在家。Welcometomyhome.欢迎来我家。It’stimetogohome.该回家了。【单元知识点详解】1.
实义动词变一般疑问句及其回答---DoeshespeakEnglish?--Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.2.
询问职业及工作地点---Whatdoesyourmotherdo?(书面)/Whatisyourmother?(口语)---SheisanEnglishteacher.---Wheredoesshework?---Sheworks/teaches/studies
inaschool/hospital/restaurant/onafarm/inanoffice...
3.
介绍家人Thisisaphotoof
myfamily.Theyoungwomaninredismymother.
Istheyoungwomaninredyourmother?(变一般疑问句)Whoistheyoungwomaninred?(对划线部分提问)Mygrandparents,mycousinandIareonthesofa.Ihaveabigfamily.我有一个大家庭。Ilovemyfamily.我爱我的家。4.
就餐表达语1)
---Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?想不想喝些东西?---Yes,aglass
ofapplejuice
,please./No,thanks.somethingtodrink一些喝的东西somethingtoeat一些吃的东西2)
---Whatwouldyouliketohave
/eat/drink
?你想吃(喝)些什么?---I’dlikesomericeandchicken./Letmesee.我想想看。3)
Wouldyouliketohavedinnerwithme?想和我共进晚餐吗?---Yes,I’dloveto./Yes,I’dliketo.---I’msorry,Ihaveto…4)
---Whatdoyou
usuallyhaveforbreakfast?你通常早餐吃什么?---I
usuallyhave
milkandbreadforbreakfast.have…forbreakfast/lunch/dinner早/午/晚餐吃......5)
---MayItakeyourorder,sir?请问,要点菜了吗?---Fishwithvegetablesandrice
,please.6)
MayIhelpyou?=CanIhelpyou?=WhatcanIdoforyou?请问要吃/喝/买些什么?5.
委婉地请求、提建议的五种表达Wouldyoulikesth./todo…?
你乐意/想……?
What/Howaboutsth./doing…?……怎么样?Whynotdo…?为什么不……?Let’sdo…!让我们干……吧!Whydon’t
youdo…?为什么不……?肯定回答:Yes,I’dlike/loveto./Goodidea./OK./Allright./I’dlovethat.否认回答:No,thanks./I’msorryIcan’t,Ihavetodo…/
I’dlikethat,butI’msorryIhavenotime.【重点语法】1.人称代词的主格与宾格点拨:主格在句子中充当主语,放在动词之前;宾格放在动词之后构成动宾短语,放在介词之后构成介宾短语。主格Iweyouhesheitthey宾格meusyouhimheritthem---Doyouknowthem?---Yes.Theyaremynewclassmates.2.可数名词与不可数名词(1)可数名词:可以用数目来计数的名词,有单数和复数之分。如:banana,egg,apple,orange,noodles,vegetable,hamburger等。(2)不可数名词:不能用品体的数目来表达,前面不能加a/an,没有复数形式。如:milk,chicken,bread,Coke,coffee,rice,juice,fish,tea,water,chocolate等。(3)不可数名词若要表达数量,可用:数词+量词+of+不可数名词。如:aglassofmilk一杯牛奶;tenbottlesofapplejuice十瓶橙汁;ten
loavesofbread十条面包(4)some/alotof+可数名词的复数/不可数名词many+可数名词的复数much+不可数名词【书信的格式】1.
称呼:顶格写,常用Dear…开头,表达亲切、客套,后面用逗号。2.
正文:从称呼的下一行开始写,开头空两格。3.
结束语:正文下面的客套话,写在右下角,首字母大写,末尾用逗号,常用Yours。4.
署名:指写信人的署名,写在结束语的下面。Unit4Havingfun【重点短语和句型】1.
buysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.为某人买……Lindawantstobuy
atoycarfor
hercousin.=Lindawantstobuyhercousinatoycar.2.
tryonsth.=trysth.on试穿
tryit/themon(固定搭配)Mariatrieson
thecoatinaclothesshop.3.
Thecoatlooks
verynice
on
you.你穿上这件外套真美丽。4.
That’sfine.We’lltake
it.好的,我们就买它了。5.
Iamjustlooking.我只是随便看看。6.“Areyou
kidding?”你在开玩笑吗?7.
think想,认为
thinkabout考虑
thinkof认为Kangkangthinks
it’s
LiMing’s.I’llthinkabout
it.我要考虑一下。
thinkaboutaplan考虑一项计划Whatdoyouthinkof
thisyellowskirt?8.
Thankyouallthesame.仍然感谢你。9.
getsomewate取水
flyakite
/kites
放风筝
singsomesongs唱歌meetfriendsathome在家和朋友见面haveapicnic=go(out)forapicnic去野餐getup起床
gohome回家
gofishing去钓鱼
goshopping=dosomeshopping
购物gotothezoo去动物园
gototheWestHill去西山
visit
afriend拜访朋友call…back回电话doone’shomework做作业
takeone’sorder点菜
takesomebread带一些面包
see
theMonkeyShow看猴子表演10.
asksb.todo
sth.
请/要某人做某事Couldyouaskhertocallmeback
thisevening?你能让她今晚给我回个电话吗?11.
needsth.
/todo
sth.需要(做)某事Weneedtohelp
themwiththeirEnglish.我们需要帮助他们学英语。Weneedtwokilosofapplesandsomerice.12.
have/hastodosth.不得不/必须做……Kangkanghasto
cook.康康必须要做饭。Kangkangdoesn’thaveto
cook.(变否认句)13.
save节省,攒钱,挽救Bigsale!Buymoreandsave
more!
大降价!买得多,免得多!Bencansave
¥5.14.
here这里
there那里Hereyouare.给你。
Hereitis.在这。
Hereweare.我们到了。Theclothesarethere,madam.夫人,服装在那边。---Where
isBabyMonkey’shome?---It’sthere.15.
befree=havetime有时间,有空
AreyoufreethisSunday?
=Doyouhave(any)time
thisSunday?I’msorryIhavenotime.
=I’msorryIdon’thaveanytime.16.
It’stimetodo
sth/forsth.该做某事了,是做某事的时候了It’stimetohavebreakfast.=It’stimeforbreakfast.17.
Thankyouforyourhelp.=Thankyouforhelpingme.谢谢你的帮忙。18.
at
eighto’clock在八点整
in
themorning
/afternoon
/evening在早上/下午/晚上
on
Sundaymoring在星期天早上19.
onone’swayhome在某人回家的路上
onone’swaytoschool在上学的路上Buysomeeggsandriceonyourwayhome.TheBabyMonkeycan’tfindhiswayhome.【单元知识点详解】1.
购物表达语1)
---CanIhelpyou?/MayIhelpyou?
---Yes,please.I
wanttobuysomeclothesformydaughter.
/
I’mjustlooking,thanks.2)
---WhatcanIdoforyou?---IwantaT-shirt
formyson.3)
---CanItryiton?/Whynottrythemon?
---Sure/Noproblem.4)
That’sfine.We’lltakeit.5)
280yuan!Areyoukidding?I’llthinkaboutit.Thankyouallthesame.6)
---Couldyouhelpmedosomeshopping?---Sure.Whatdoweneed?7)
---Isthatall?
就那些吗?
---Yes,Ithinkso.是的,我想就这些。8)
---It’stooheavy.它太重了。
---Let
mehelpyou.让我帮助你吧。2.
询问对事物的观点、见解---Howdoyoulikethispairofpants?=Whatdoyouthinkofthispairofpants?
你认为这条裤子怎么样?---They’retoolong./Idon’tlikeitatall.Howabouttheblueone?3.
询问数量howmuch+不可数名词+…?howmany+可数名词(复数)+…?---Howmanyapples
doyouneed?---Weneedtwokilosof
apples.
---Howmanybagsofrice
doyouneed?---Weneedfive
bagsofrice.
---Howmuchrice
doyouneed?---Weneedfivebagsof
rice.
4.
询问价格(price)---Howmuch
is/are……?
--
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