广东省汕尾市钟山中学2023年高二英语上学期期末试卷含解析

广东省汕尾市钟山中学2023年高二英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.

Wemustworkhardto________agoodknowledgeofEnglish.A.take

B.acquire

C.catch

D.hold参考答案：B2.---Everyonewasatthepartyexceptyou.Whathappened?---I

afterMike,mypetdog,athome.Hewasill.A．havelooked

B．waslooking

C．wouldlook

D．hadlooked参考答案：B3.____herfriendwasbadlyhurt,sheburstintotears.

A.Hearing

B.Having

heard

C.Tohear

D.Heard参考答案：A略4.Themanagerwasunabletoattendthemeetingbuthesenthisassistantasa_____.A.comfort

B.substitute

C.favor

D.draft参考答案：B5.Heis___withthestrikingworkers.

A.sympathy

B.synthetic

C.sympathetic

D.sympathize参考答案：C略6.Justicehaslongarms.Whoever_______breaksthelaw,orencouragesotherstodoso,mustexpecttofacejustice.A.swiftly B.deliberately C.gradually D.properly参考答案：B【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：天网恢恢，疏而不漏。无论是谁故意违法，还是鼓励他人违法，都必须面对正义的审判。A.swiftly很快地；B.deliberately故意地；C.gradually逐步地；D.properly恰当地。根据句意可知，deliberately意为“故意地”，符合句意，故选B。7.Thefireworks_____bytheworkerssentthewholebuildingintofire.A.setoff

B.tookoff

C.putoff

D.sentoff参考答案：A略8.Arrivingatthestation,_____.A.itwasfoundthatthetrainhadleft

B.hefoundthetrainhadleftC.thetrainwasfoundleft

D.thetrainhadleft参考答案：B9.Hetriedmanytimestosneakacrossthebordertoaneighboringcountry,_____eachtime.A.havingbeencaught

B.unluckilycaughtC.alwaysbeingcaught

D.onlytobecaught

参考答案：D10.Ifyoudon’texpressyouranger,itcan_________insideyou.A.buildup

B.cutupC.breakup

D.bringup参考答案：A考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你不表达你的愤怒，它就会在你的心里积累起来。buildup逐渐建立；cutup切碎，砍伤；breakup结束，破碎；bringup提出，养育。根据题意，故选A。11.

—IhearJohnisillinhospital.

—Howcan_____be?Imethiminthebankthismorning.A.he

B.it

C.this

D.one参考答案：B12.Tobefrank,I’dratheryou____inthecase.A.willnotbeinvolved

B.notinvolved C.havenotbeeninvolved D.werenotinvolved参考答案：D13.Havingarrivedatthestation,_____.A.itwasfoundthatthetrainhadleft

B.thetrainhadleftC.thetrainwasfoundleft

D.hefoundthatthetrainhadleft参考答案：D略14.—Well,asoup,asalad,andanything____

_,sir?—Anapplepie,please．A．follows

B．tofollow

C．followed

D．following参考答案：B略15..Itwillbesomeyearsbeforesomeforeigndoctorschangetheimpressiontheyhave_____Chinesemedicine,_____,intheiropinion,isnothingbutrawherbsandnoteffectiveatallintreatingdiseases.A.for;which

B.on;what

C.to;that

D.on;which参考答案：D16._____returneesdifferfromusisthattheyarebetteratindependentthinkingandhaveastrongerabilityofcorrectdecision-making.A.Where

B.What

C.How

D.That参考答案：a略17.Afteraheavyadscampaign,ourmarketsharehasincreased___15%___60%inAsianmarket.

A.with,to

B.to,by

C.at,above

D.by,to参考答案：D18.Whentheheadmasterspokeouthisplan,the________ofthestudentsintheclass________againstit.A．majority;were

B．most;wereC．most;did

D．majority;did参考答案：A句意：当校长说出他的计划时，我们班上多数学生是反对的。“大都数学生”应该表达成“themajorityofthestudents”，或者“mostofthestudents”；又因为themajority修饰的是复数名词，所以选A。二、单词拼写19.阅读下列每个句子，根据空白处的首字母或汉语提示，填入适当词汇。每空仅限一词。76.Therewereover500a

forthejob,buttheyonlyhired100.77.AftergraduationI’dliketofinda

(有挑战的)job.78.Mostofthebedroomwaso

byalargebed.79.From2006to2011thatcountryhadanaverageGDPgrowthrateof11.4%__________(每年).

80.Smokingisf

inpublicplaces,foritharmspeople’shealth.81.Pleasetellmewhyyouwere

(缺席)fromworkyesterday.82.Sheputsome

(装饰)ontheChristmastree.83.Thecarwasrepairedbutnottotheowner’s

(满意).84.S

theironwhileitishot.85.Manydolphinscandivetoad

oftwohundredmeters.参考答案：76.applicants,

77.challenging,

78.occupied,

79.annually,

80.forbidden,81.absent

82.decorations

83.satisfaction

84.Strike

85.depth

三、阅读理解20.Hollywood’stheorythatmachineswithevil(邪恶)mindswilldrivearmiesofkillerrobotsisjustsilly.Therealproblemrelatestothepossibilitythatartificialintelligence(AI)maybecomeextremelygoodatachievingsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant.In1960awell-knownmathematicianNorbertWiener,whofoundedthefieldofcybernetics（控制论）,putitthisway:“Ifweuse,toachieveourpurposes,amechanicalagencywithwhoseoperationwecannoteffectivelyinterfere(干预),wehadbetterbequitesurethatthepurposeputintothemachineisthepurposewhichwereallydesire.”Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality,onethatweusuallyassociatewithlivingthings:awishtopreserveitsownexistence.Forthemachine,thisqualityisnotin-born,norisitsomethingintroducedbyhumans;itisalogicalconsequenceofthesimplefactthatthemachinecannotachieveitsoriginalpurposeifitisdead.Soifwesendoutarobotwiththesingleinstructionoffetchingcoffee,itwillhaveastrongdesiretosecuresuccessbydisablingitsownoffswitchorevenkillinganyonewhomightinterferewithitstask.Ifwearenotcareful,then,wecouldfaceakindofglobalchessmatchagainstverydetermined,superintelligentmachineswhoseobjectivesconflictwithourown,withtherealworldasthechessboard.Thepossibilityofenteringintoandlosingsuchamatchshouldconcentratethemindsofcomputerscientists.Someresearchersarguethatwecansealthemachinesinsideakindoffirewall,usingthemtoanswerdifficultquestionsbutneverallowingthemtoaffecttherealworld.Unfortunately,thatplanseemsunlikelytowork:wehaveyettoinventafirewallthatissecureagainstordinaryhumans,letalonesuperintelligentmachines.SolvingthesafetyproblemwellenoughtomoveforwardinAIseemstobepossiblebutnoteasy.Thereareprobablydecadesinwhichtoplanforthearrivalofsuperintelligentmachines.Buttheproblemshouldnotbedismissedoutofhand,asithasbeenbysomeAIresearchers.Somearguethathumansandmachinescancoexistaslongastheyworkinteams—yetthatisnotpossibleunlessmachinessharethegoalsofhumans.Otherssaywecanjust“switchthemoff”asifsuperintelligentmachinesaretoostupidtothinkofthatpossibility.StillothersthinkthatsuperintelligentAIwillneverhappen.OnSeptember11,1933,famousphysicistErnestRutherfordstated,withconfidence,“Anyonewhoexpectsasourceofpowerinthetransformationoftheseatomsistalkingmoonshine.”However,onSeptember12,1933,physicistLeoSzilardinventedtheneutron-induced(中子诱导)nuclearchainreaction.32.Paragraph1mainlytellsusthatartificialintelligencemay

.A.runoutofhumancontrolB.satisfyhuman’srealdesiresC.commandarmiesofkillerrobotsD.workfasterthanamathematician33.Machineswithspecificpurposesareassociatedwithlivingthingspartlybecausetheymightbeableto

.A.preventthemselvesfrombeingdestroyedB.achievetheiroriginalgoalsindependentlyC.doanythingsuccessfullywithgivenordersD.beathumansininternationalchessmatches34.Accordingtosomeresearchers,wecanusefirewallsto

.A.helpsuperintelligentmachinesworkbetterB.besecureagainstevilhumanbeingsC.keepmachinesfrombeingharmedD.avoidrobots’affectingtheworld35.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthesafetyproblemofsuperintelligentmachines?A.ItwilldisappearwiththedevelopmentofAI.B.Itwillgetworsewithhumaninterference.C.Itwillbesolvedbutwithdifficulty.D.Itwillstayforadecade.参考答案：32.A

33.A

34.D

35.C试题分析：本文主要介绍了人工智能，它会给我们的生活带来什么样的影响。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段Therealproblemrelatestothepossibilitythatartificialintelligence(AI)maybecomeextremelygoodatachievingsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant.可知人工智能可能会出现的真正问题是AI会非常擅长取得某个成就而不是我们真正想要的东西，也就是说AI可能会超出人的控制去做一些事情，故选