Module 3 Journey to space Unit2 知识点同步复习-外研版英语八年级下册

Module3JourneytospaceUnit2知识点精讲Scientiststhinkthattherehasbeenlifeontheearthforhundredsofmillionsofyears.•Point1therehas/havebeen....therehas/havebeen意为"有…是therebe句型的现在完成时形式。has或have的使用取决于been后紧跟的名词的单复数。>Therehavebeengreatchangesinourcountryinthelasttenyears.exampleInthepastfewyearstheregreatchangesinmyhometown.A.hadbeenB.havebeenC.wereD.are•Point2ontheearthontheearth意为“在地球上；在世界上”。同义短语intheworldIwanttoknowaboutthehistoryoflifeontheearth.Shemustbethehappiestpersonontheearth.Point3hundredsof/millionsof/hundredsof/millionsof表示“数以亿计的•结构分解：hundredsof表示“数以百计的"million表示“百万hundredsofmiHions直译：数百个百万，表示“亿二hundredsofmillionsof表示“数以亿计的>Thesystemcanstorehundredsofmillionsoffactsaboutpeople,placesandevents【延伸】(1)下列词组其后均接可数名词复数：hundredsof数以百计的，成百上千的thousandsof数以千计的，成千上万的millionsof数以百万计的billionsof数以十亿计的>Thevillagehashundredsofyearsold.(2)当hundred,thousand,million,billion与具体数字连用时，要用单数形式，且其后不接of。onehundred-twohundredonethousand-twothousandonemillion-twomilliononebillion-twobillionATherearetwothousandpeopleinthemeetingroom.SevenotherplanetsalsogoaroundtheSun.•Point基数词+other+可数名词复数表示"多少个其它的……"pther可用more替换。基数词+。加「+可数名词复数=another+基数词+可数名词复数>Ihavetwoother/morequestionstoaskyou.=Ihaveanothertwoquestionstoaskyou.example—Ms.Wang,I'mafraidIcan'tfinishtheworkintwodays.—Don'tworry.Tilgiveyoudays.A.twoanotherB.twomoreC.moretwoD.twomanyNoneofthemhasanenvironmentlikethatoftheearth,soscientistsdonotthinktheywillfindlifeonthem.•Point1none[nAn]pron.【辨析】none/noonenone:'没有一人；没有一个；一点儿也没有"，既可指人也可指物。侧重强调数量。常见用法：(1)noneof+可数名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可。(2)noneof+不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。(3)强调数量，可用来回答howmany/howmuch的提问。noone表示“没有人"，用朝,与nobody同义。(1)后不跟of短语，在句中作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。(2)不强调数量，回答who引导的问句。Noneofusknow(s)thenews.Noneofthemoneyishis.—Howmanypeoplearethereinthatroom?—None.exampleWecouldn'tbuyanythingbecauseoftheshopswereopen.A.allB.bothC.nothingD.nonePoint2environment[in'vaironmant]n.不可数名词，表示"环境〃。Peoplecan,tliveinanenvironmentwithoutair.Studentsmusthaveapleasantlearningenvironment.【延伸】theenvironment意/g"自然环境；生态环境"。It'sourdutytoprotecttheenvironment.Point3thatpron.〃那，那个〃，可用于代替前文已提及的事物。TheweatherinBeijingismuchcolderthanthatinAustralia.TheplayersonIheteamaretallerandstrongerthanthoseonourteam.4.Theyareveryfarawayandtheirlighthastotravelformanyyearstoreachus.•Point1light[lait]n.light研匕作不可数名词，意为“光；光线；光亮"。>Thelightintheroomistoodim.【延伸】light作可数名词,意为“电灯"。Turnoffthelightwhenyougoout.(2)light作形容词,意为"轻的；薄的；浅的"。Thisboxislightwhilethatoneisheavy.Trytowearlightlooseclothesinsummer.•Point2reach[ri:tf]v.【辨析】reach/get/arrive均可表示"到达"。reach作及物动词，后直接跟宾语。get作不及物动词，后跟地点名词时，要加介词to；后跟地点副词时,不加介词。arrive作不及物动词，后跟大地点时加介词in,跟小地点加介词at,跟地点副词时其后不用介词。>Theywillreach/arrivein/gettoBeijingnextweek.ATheyarrived/reached/gotthereyesterday.Itisimpossibletoimagine.Point1impossible[im'pnsibCo)1]adj.impossible为形容词，意为"不可育自勺",其反义词为possible。常用句式*Ifsimpossible(forsb.)todosth.Nothingisimpossibleforher.It'simpossibleformetobuyabighouseinShanghai.exampleItseems(possible)forSpringFestivalGalatosatisfyall1.3billionChinese.Point2imagine[fmsedjin]v.imagine在此作不及物动词，意为〃想象，身9〃。可作及物动词，后可接名词、代词、动名词或从句作宾语，但不能接动词不定式。Ididn'timaginebecomingawriterinmychildhood.Ican'timaginewhatwillhappen.【延伸】名词形式imagination,意为〃想象；想象力；创造力〃。Hiswritinglackimagination.AThingsarealwaysbeyondourimagination.However,nospaceshiphastravelledfarenoughtoreachotherstarsinourGalaxy.Point形容词/副词+enough+todosth.farenoughtoreachotherstars属于"形容词/副词+enough+todosth.0结构，表示"足够……可以做某事"。否定形式：not+形容词/副词+enough+todosth.o>Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.Jimisn'tstrongenoughtocarrythebigbox.Ihaveenoughtimetofinishthework.Thehouseisn'tbigenoughforus.example—MayIbeallowedtochooseasummercourse?—It'suptoyou.You'retomakeyourowndecision.A.toooldB.enougholdC.oldenoughScientistshavealwaysaskedthequestionswithsomanystarsintheuniverse,arewealone,oristherelifeoutthereinspace?•Point1with+名词/代词+介词短语withsomanystarsintheuniverse属于"with+名词/代词+介词短语”结构。该结构可位于句首或句末，在句中作状语。>Marywassittingnearthefire,withherbacktowardsthedoor.【延伸】含with的介词短语的其他构成形式：(1)with+名词/代词+形容词/副词>Hestaredathisfriendwithhismouthwideopen.(2)with+名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/不定式Withyouhelpingme,Ifeelverylucky.With10minutestogo,you'dbetterhurry.Point2alone[s'loon]adj.作形容词，表示"单独的，独自的"，在句中作表语，不可用于名词前作定语。MyparentshavegoneoutandI'maloneathome.【延伸】alone作副词,表示〃单独,独自〃。Idon'tlikegoingoutaloneatnight.8.Why