2023届高考英语二轮复习：非谓语动词的过去分词作定语教学课件 (共33张PPT)

Grammar非谓语动词非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种形式。其中,分词分为现在分词和过去分词。非谓语动词作主语不定式通常表示具体的、一次性的动作,特别是将来的动作。动名词通常表示一般的、经常性的动作或用在use,good,harm等抽象名词后面。Swimmingisoneofthebestall-roundexercises.Itkeepsmeingoodshape.ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwellbutifyouhangon,youwillsucceedintheend.It’snousearguingwithhim.非谓语动词作表语动名词表示抽象的、经常性的动作；不定式表示某一具体的、将来的动作。现在分词表示主语的特征,通常表示"令人……的"；过去分词表示主语所处的状态,通常表示"感到……的"。如:ThespeechgivenbyMr.Smithwasverymovingandweweremovedtotears.非谓语动词作宾语有些动词后面只能跟不定式作宾语,如:want,wish,hope,manage,promise,refuse,pretend,plan,offer,decide,agree,expect等。有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语,如:admit,advise,advocate,avoid,consider,delay,deny,finish,imagine,mind,practice,miss,resist,appreciate等。有些动词既可跟不定式又可跟动名词作宾语:有些动词后既可以跟不定式又可以跟动名词,意义上无太大区别,如:love,like,hate,prefer,intend,start,continue等；有些意义有区别,如:remember,forget,regret,try,mean,stop,can’thelp,goon等。如:Haveyourememberedbuyingarulerforme?Pleaseremembertoreturnittohertomorrow.

非谓语动词作定语不定式作后置定语,用主动形式表示被动意义,表示"将要"发生；现在分词表示主动、正在进行的动作,过去分词表示被动、已经完成；动名词作定语表示被修饰名词的用途。

Imuststopwritingnow,asIhaveratheralotofworktodo.Themanstandingoverthereistheverymanthatwehavebeentalkingabout.Onlythoseinvitedtotheinterviewwillreceiveareplytotheirapplication.非谓语动词作状语动词不定式作状语表示原因、目的和结果,分词作状语表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随状况或结果。作结果状语时,不定式表示预料之外的结果,而分词常表示预料之中的结果。Heranallthewayuptothestationonlytofindthatthetrainhadleftfifteenminutesbefore.Thehurricanebroughtdownagreatnumberofhouses,makingthousandsofpeoplehomeless.非谓语动词作补足语不定式和分词可以作宾语补足语和主语补足语。有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语补足语或主语补足语,如:ask,tell,order,want,wish,warn,allow,advise,permit,forbid等。

有些动词后既可以跟不定式又可以跟分词作补足语,但意义不同:(1)在see,hear,watch,feel,observe,listento,notice等动词后,用现在分词表示动作正在发生(即处于发生的过程中),用不定式表示动作发生了(即动作全过程),注意主动句中不定式不带to,但在被动结构中必须带to。Whenshesawhimcoming,sheturnedaroundandwalkedquicklytowardthecorner.Thethiefwasseentoslipintothehousejustnow.(2)havesb.do表示主体使客体干什么事；havesb.\sth.doing表示主体使客体处于某种状态;havesth.done表示动作是别人做的或与主体意志无关。Atfirstshewasn’twillingtohaveherdaughter-in-lawgoouttowork.Theyhadtohaveallthelightsburningalldaylongbecauseofpoorlightintheroom.Wemusthavethemachinerepairedassoonaspossible.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectform(-ingor-ed)oftheverbs.Thesightoftheboatgoingunderwaterwas_________(worry).2.Huckgot_________(excite)whenherealizedtherewassomeoneontheboat.worryingexcited3.Themanwiththegunhada_______(satisfy)expressiononhisface.4.Themanonthefloorwasclearly_________(frighten).5.HuckandJimhadlotsof___________(frighten)experiencesontheriver.satisfiedfrightenedfrightening6.Ididn’tknowyouwere__________(interest)inMarkTwain.7.Yes,Ifindhisnovelsvery________(excite).8.Twaincertainlyhadanunusualand___________(interest)erestedexcitinginterestingCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectform(ingorto+infinitive)oftheverbs.Jimwanted____________(getaway)quickly.2.Hucksuggested________(take)themen’sboat.togetawaytaking3.HetoldJimtostop_______(make)anoise.4.ThenhepersuadedJim_______(help)him.5.Huckwasbeginning________(enjoy)himself.makingtohelptoenjoy6.Heparticularlyenjoyed________(play)atrickonthethreemen.7.I’dlike________(read)somethingelsebyTwain.8.Iadviseher_______(use)adictionary.playingtoreadtouse强化练习______thecitycenter,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.A.ApproachingB.ApproachedC.ToapproachD.TobeapproachedAThaiistheonlywaywecanimagine______theoveruseofwaterinstudents'bathrooms. A.reducingB.toreduce C.reducedD.reduceBListen!Doyouhearsomeone_____forhelp? A.calling B.call C.tocall D.calledATheladywalkedaroundtheshops,______aneyeoutforbargains. A.keepB.kept C.keepingD.tokeepCTheretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschooldamagedbytheearthquakeinYushu,_____thestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms. A.enablingB.havingenabled C.toenableD.tohaveenabledAAlexandertriedtogethiswork_____inthemedicalcircles. A.torecognizeB.recognizing C.recognizeD.recognizedDHavingfinishedherproject,shewasinvitedbytheschool____tothenewstudents.A.speakingB.havingspokenC.tospeakD.tohavespoken解析：不定式表目的，又因D选项时态错误，故选C。CThelecture,____at7:00pmlastnight,wasfollowedbyanobservationofthemoonwithtelescopes.A.startingB.beingstartedC.tostartD.tobestarted根据lastnight可知start已经发生，故排除C、D，不定式常表将来，B，beingdone一般表进行，也排除。非谓语动词的主动语态和被动语态现在分词作定语。A______toworkovertimethatevening,Imissedawonderfulfilm.A.HavingbeenaskedB.ToaskC.HavingaskedD.Tobeasked

逗号前为原因状语，空白处与句子的主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，由此可排除表示主动关系的B和C选项，D选项常作目的和结果状语，不作原因状语，也可排除，而A选项为现在分词完成式的被动形式，可作时间状