文件写作高级第二课时

第二课时文件写作（高级）ReviewWhatisadraftresolution?WritingFormat?Sponsors/SignatoriesContents决议草案的语言特点

字词（Words）、句（Sentence）、段（Paragraphs）怎样写一份出色的决议草案1.WordsP154wordlist肯定与同意：Accept,Approve,Agree,Affirm,Reaffirm,Confirm支持与赞赏：Welcome,Support,Congratulate,Endorse,Expressitsappreciation关注与强调：Emphasize,Note,Expressitsconcern,Stresstheimportance,Drawtheattention,Takenoteof遗憾与谴责：Regret,Condemn,Deplore观点与建议:Think,Believe,Trust,Suggest,Encourage,Expressitshope,Recommend,Callupon命令与要求：Request,Demand,Decide,Urge,OrderVerbA.DecideB.SuggestC.DemandD.UrgeE.EmphasizeF.EncourageG.CondemnH.AffirmExplanation1.Toadvocateordemandearnestlyorpressingly2.Todeclaresth.tobewrongorevilwithblame3.Toaskforanactionespeciallywithauthority4.Tomakeafinalchoiceorjudgment5.Toinspirewithspiritandhope6.Tostatepositivelyoragreewithsth.7.Toproposeaplanorseektoinfluence8.Tostresstheimportanceofsth.GBDAFHCE决议草案动词的选用练习（1）1._______article2oftheCharteroftheUnitedNationsthattheUnitedNationsisbasedontheprincipleofthesovereignequalityofallitsmembersA.RecallsB.RecallingC.DecidesD.Deciding2.________allstatestofindwaysofincreasingtheexchangeofinformation,especiallyactionsormovementsofterroristpersonsornetworksA.CondemnsB.RegretsC.CallsuponD.Emphasizes

6决议草案动词的选用练习（2）√√3.______thegovernmentofAfghanistantostopprovidingweaponsforanyterroristgroup A.EncouragesB.UrgesC.RegretsD.Recognizes4.______toestablishaCommitteeoftheSecurityCouncil,consistingofallthemembersoftheCouncil,tomonitortheimplementationofthisresolution A.DecidesB.UrgesC.AffirmsD.Demands7决议草案动词的选用练习（2）√√进一步要求；完全相信；深感遗憾；强烈谴责；郑重声明StronglyFurtherFullyDeeplySolemnlycondemnsrequestsaffirmsawaredconcerned动词选用练习（3）连连看：尝试用副词加强语气2.Sentence错误1：DPRKshouldnotconductanyfurthernucleartestorlaunchofaballisticmissile.错误2：TheSecurityCouncildemandsthatDPRKshouldnotconductanyfurthernucleartestorlaunchofaballisticmissile.错误3：DemandsthatDPRKnotconductanyfurthernucleartest,andDPRKshouldnotconductanyfurtherlaunchofaballisticmissile.用决议草案行动性条款的语言表达：——要求朝鲜不再进行任何核试验或发射弹道导弹正确：DemandsthattheDPRKnotconductanyfurthernucleartestorlaunchofaballisticmissile.决议草案的句式特点11请将右边的工作文件的语言转换为决议草案行动性条款的语言

WorkingPaperUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilNuclearIssueinIranSponsors:TheUnitedStates,TheUnitedKingdomTheUnitedStatesandTheUnitedKingdomthinktheinternationalcommunityshouldcondemnIranforitsnucleartest.TheUnitedStatesandTheUnitedKingdomsuggesttheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncil(should)demandIrantogiveupallitsnuclearfacilities.IranshouldfullycooperateIAEAfortheinspection决议草案的句式特点体会决议草案的语言特点Condemns

Iranforitsrecentnucleartest;Demands

thatIrangiveupallitsnuclearfacilities;UrgesIrantocooperatewithIAEAfortheinspection;决议草案的实际内容要比以上条款更加复杂，但决议草案的句型大致相似：

动词第三人称单数形式+

名词结构（theestablishmentof….）

动词第三人称单数形式+由that引导的宾语从句动词第三人称单数形式+

国家+

todo(动词不定式)注意：动词前或动词后可加表示语气的副词，如：furtherdemands,demandsfurther决议草案的句式特点3.Paragragh&Context“一个句子原则”：一篇决议草案实际上是一个完整的长句

委员会名称——句子主语（TheSecurityCouncil）

序言性条款——句子状语（Recalling…../Deeplyconcerned…..）

行动性条款——句子谓语（Urges…...)注：标点P150句型转换AccordingtotheUNCharterI,RussianFederationshouldstopthemilitaryinvolvementinUkraineimmediately.TheSecurityCouncil,RecallingtheUNCharterI,UrgesRussianFederationtostopthemilitaryinvolvementinUkraineimmediately.Consideringthatclimatechangecontributestoenvironmentaldegradationandtotheincreaseintheintensityandfrequencyofextremeweatherevents,MemberStatesshouldimprovetheirresponsetoearlywarninginformationinordertoensurethatearlywarningleadstoearlyaction,andinthisregardallstakeholdersshouldsupporttheeffortsofMemberStates.句型转换TheGeneralAssemblySecondCommittee,Recognizing

thatclimatechange

contributestoenvironmentaldegradationandtotheincreaseintheintensityandfrequencyofextremeweathereventsUrges

MemberStatestoimprovetheirresponsetoearlywarninginformationinordertoensurethatearlywarningleadstoearlyaction;

EncouragesallstakeholderstosupporttheeffortsofMemberStates.分点陈述当一个条款中需要表达多层含义时，使用(a),(b),(c)…以及(i),(ii),(iii)…进行分层（教材P151）分句句型语法一致，具体形式根据主干句结构而变化4.何为一份优秀的决议草案内容序言性条款：引用充分且详实、有理有据行动性条款：方案具体、明确、具有可行性要关注议题中的主要争端或矛盾，且提供解决方案不要超越委员会的职权范围（只有SC具有binding功能）在不同国家利益之间寻找平衡点与基本共识语言语义明确、清晰、无歧义语言有逻辑性，语法结构不要过于复杂格式严格按照范例的格式进行调整Amendment教材P152-153（包括friendly,unfriendly两类）Amendment用词AddReplaceDeleteInsertinbetween此类动词均需要以动词原形形式出现ImportanceofAmendment高效率高效力高智商在时间紧迫时推荐写修正案Reflection正式辩论非正式辩论1.会议初始，代表要确立国际立场2.国家集团建立后，代表观点渐变为集团观点3.各国代表开始以工作文件为基础进行讨论4.代表们开始通过发言尽力扩大本联盟能力，传播思想5.各国代表就决议草案发表看法1.几个国家进行发言之后，需要通过磋商建立国家集团2.代表们开始起草工作文件（workingpaper）3.通过磋商，各国代表