第二单元单词讲解和重点句型

1.Sportsmedicineexpertshaveobservedforyearsthatenduranceathletes,particularlyfemales,frequentlyhaveirondeficiencies.(Ll-2)

endurance

n.忍耐，忍耐力e.g.Heshowedremarkableendurancethroughouthisstrugglewiththecancer.

在整个与癌症作斗争期间，他表现出非同一般的忍受能力。Longdistancerunnersneedgreatendurance.长跑运动员需要有很大的耐力

NewWords2.moderatea.

1.averageinamount,quality,etc.;notextreme2.oforhaving(usu.political)opinionsthatarenotextremeTheroomisofmoderatesize-justrightforasmallfamily.这间屋中等大小，正好适合一个小家庭住。FOREXAMPLE:Thedeputyofthepartyleaderismoremoderateinherviews.该党派领袖的副手观点比较温和。

Antonym:moderateimmoderateim﹢consumevt.

consume

vt.

1.eatordrink2.use,esp.inlargeamounts

3.consumevt.

whollytotakeTrytofigureout:assume假定presume推测FOREXAMPLE:Heconsumesvastquantitiesofmeatwitheverymeal.

他每餐都吃大量的肉。Thisistime-consumingwork.这是一项需要时间的工作.

4.supplementn.(L10)

TranslationamultiplevitaminandmineralsupplementaspecialsupplementtoamonthlyfinancialmagazineTheyaredoingextrajobsoutsidetheirregularonestosupplementtheirincomes.复合维生素和矿物质补剂一份金融月刊的特别增刊除了常规工作外，他们还干些零活，以补充收入。UsefulExpressions5.tobounceback

(遭受挫败／损失后)很快恢复他厄运不断，但似乎每次都能恢复元气。He’shadnoendofbadluck,buthejustseemstobouncebackeverytime.

6.respectively

ad.

[Meaning]separatelyorinturnrespectfula.respectable

a.respectivea.respecting

prep.respectful

a.respectable

a.respectfula.去尊重别人尊敬的,有礼貌的respectable

a.别人尊重自己受人尊敬的,高尚的与“尊重”无关分别的,各自的关于Heisa__________professorandweare_________.Afterclass,wewentbacktoour________dorms.Wewenttovisitour__________mothers.respectablerespectfulrespectiveExercises:respectiveWordsandExpressions—WordUsing7.plusconj./prep.(L18)

①furthermoreoradditionally②and;alsoTranslationKey我太忙了，另外，我也缺现金。三加六等于九。Iamtoobusy,plusIamshortofcash.Threeplussixisnine.8.liablea.(L24)1)likely;2)suffering(from)Phrase

beliabletodosth.UseitWhatisapersonliabletodowhenhe/sheisverytired/angry…?

He/sheisliableto…when…9.allowancen.(L26)1)theamountallowedorgranted限额，定量e.g.:

Mostofourflightshaveabaggageallowanceof20kgperpassenger.

我们的大多数航班容许每位旅客免费带20公斤行李。Whatisyourweeklyallowanceofmilk?Useite.g.

Themanagertraveledonbusinesswithanallowancethatcoveredhotelandrestaurantbills.这位经理出差时有包括食宿的补贴。2)Something,suchasmoney,givenatregular

intervalsorforaspecificpurpose津贴，补贴等9.allowancen.(L26)10.sufficienta.(L45)Thereisnosufficientevidencetoshowthatheisguilty.e.g.

近形词efficient有效率的（efficiency–n.)派生词sufficiency(n.)UseitWhatifyouhadalotofmoney?Withsufficientmoney,Iwould…11.yearlya.

[Meaning]:everyyearoronceayear

-ly

加在时间名词之后,表示“与...时间一块的,每...的”

e.g.:hourly每小时的quarterly每季度的

daily每天的nightly每夜的

monthly每月的加在名词之后,表示“...的,有...特征的”

e.g.:manly有男子气概的

costly昂贵的12.derivevt.

1.getorobtain(sth.)(fromsth.else)2.have(sth.)asanoriginFOREXAMPLE:deriveknowledgefromreadingderiveaconclusionfromfacts从阅读中学到知识从事实推出结论Ourcityisnotedforsplendidold-fashionedbuildingsfromwhichtouristscanderivegreatpleasure.我们的城市以辉煌的古代建筑而闻名，游客可以从游览中获得很多乐趣。

12.derivefrom(L63)Heisoneofthosepeoplewhocanderive

pleasurefromhelpingothers.e.g.

1)obtain(especiallyafeelingoranadvantage)from有些人从帮助他人中得到快乐，他便是其中之一。12.derivefrom(L63)Thetownderivesitsnamefromtheriveronwhichitwasbuilt.Translation2)comefrom

这个市镇沿河而建，由此得名。近形词

deprive:takeawayfrom剥削，夺去deprivesb./sth.ofsth.13.strikinga.(L65)Isthereanythingstrikinginyourlife?Whatisthat?Useitverynoticeable;makingastrongimpression源词

strike敲打；突袭；给······印象；罢工14.interferevi.

1.preventsth.Frombeingdoneorcarriedoutproperly2.involveoneselfinmatterswhicharecombinedwithotherpeoplecompare:erferewith(L67)

Everytimethetelephoneringsitinterferes

withmywork.

电话一响就打断我的工作。e.g.

1)preventsth.orslowdowntheprogress2)touchorchangesth.withoutpermission很多人认为科学家不该做干涉大自然的事。Translation

Manypeoplefeelthatscientistsshouldn’t

erferewith(L67)

Ihaveneverinterferedinhisaffair.

我从不干预他的事。interfereinsth.指别人未请而自己主动参与interferewithsth.指阻碍事情发生Comparison

interfereine.g.

15.remedy

v./n.(L74)

①

correctorimproveasituation

②asolutiontoaproblem;acureforpain

orminorillnessTranslationEffortstoremedythisfaultmustbeginrightaway.Warmthisthebestremedyforacold.要立即纠正这个错误。热疗是治疗感冒最好的方法。Key16.

tipsb.overtheedge

(L25)makesomeonesounhappythattheycannotdealwiththeirlifeorasituationanylongerTranslation由于经济危机，许多公司处于破产的边缘。过多的压力使她处于崩溃的边缘。KeyBecauseoffinancialcrisis,manycompaniesweretippedovertheedgeofbankruptcy.Toomuchpressuretippedherovertheedgeof

breakdown.17.

throwup

(L57)

vomit;besick

Translation这强烈的气味使我呕吐了。Thestrongsmellmademethrowup.KeyMorePhrasesthrowaway放弃，丢掉；throwout否决，不接受；throwover放弃，跟（某人）吹了SentenceAnalysisAppositive

同位语…,saysRoseanneM.Lyle,associateprofessoratPurdue.(L6)Thefirstandmostcommonishavinglowironreserves,aconditionthattypicallyhasnosymptoms.(L34)Splittheabovetwosentencesintosimplesentencesrespectively.…,saysRoseanneM.Lyle.SheisanassociateprofessoratPurdueUniversity.Thefirstandmostcommonishavinglowironreserves.Itisaconditionthattypicallyhasnosymptoms.

Nowcombinethefollowingsimplesentencesintoonesentencebyusingappositives.TheancientChinesewereapeopleofinventorsanddiscoverers.TheancientChinesewereapeopleofphilosophersandsoldiers.TheancientChinesewereapeopleofpoetsandcraftsmen.TheancientChinesegavetheworldmanyofitsmostusefulthings.TheancientChinese,apeopleofinventorsanddiscoverers,philosophersandsoldiers,poetsandcraftsmen,gavetheworldmanyofitsmostusefulthings.2.SentenceStructure:absolutestructureLanguagepointsinPartIVTheironcontentoftomatosaucecookedinanironpotforthreeho