初中数词详解

数词的用法及练习numerals数词就是表示事物的数量和顺序的词,分基数词和序数词两种。一、基数词表示数量的多少的词是基数词，如：one,two,three等。构成方法如下：1、1-12分别由从one到twelve12个各不相同的词表示。2、13-19均以后缀-teen结尾。3、20-90的整十词均以后缀-ty结尾。表示“几十几”时，个位和十位之间需加结字符，如：twenty-one,thirty-two,forty-three.4、表示具体、准确的数目时，hundred,thousand,million等词后不能加-s,如：fivehundred,sixthousand,seventhousand,sevenmillion等。5、当hundred,thousand等数词与of连用，表示不具体、不准确的数目时，词尾须加-s。如：thousandsofstudents,millionsoftrees.数词:二、序数词：序数词表示人和事物的顺序，其构成方法如下：1、不规则变化：基数词onetwothreefiveeightninetwelve序数词firstsecondthirdfiftheighthninthtwelfth2.以-ty结尾的表示“几十”的基数词，先把y变为I,再加-eth,如thirty—thirtieth,ninety—ninetieth等。3.表示“第几十几”时，十位数的“几十”仍用基数词，只把处位部分变成序数词就行了。如：thirty-one—thirty－first,forty-two—forty-second等。4.除上述情况外，均在词尾加-th,如：ten—tenth,onehundred—onehundredth。一、表示事物的编号基数词放在名词的后边，该名词一般要大写；序数字放在名词的前面，加定冠词。如：Lesson1/thefirstlessonRow3/thethirdlesson二、年、日、时刻的表达方法1、“年”用基数词，“日”用序数词，前面要加定冠词。读的顺序是月、日、年。如：1999年5月2日读作：Maythesecond,nineteenninety。2、“时刻”用基数词表达，同时要注意以下几点：1）表示“整点”时，在基数词后加o’clock,如：9o’clock.数词的用法:2）分钟小于或等于30分钟的，用“分钟数+past+钟点数”形式；如分钟数大于30分钟的，用“到下一个分钟数所差的分钟数+to+下一个分钟数”形式；也可以依次读钟点数和分钟数。如：7:20twentypastseven或seventwenty3)注意表示两个特殊的表示分钟的单位词；30分钟用half,15分钟用aquarter。如：6:30读作：halfpastsix5:45读作：aquartertosix6:15读作：aquarterpastsix三、分数的表达方法：表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母用复数；分数修饰名词时，后面用短语。

如：onethirdofteachersthreesevensoftheboys

½¼分别用ahalf和aquarter表示。四、“基数词-名词-形容词”只能用在名词前作定语。如：sheisa3-year-oldgirl.Theyliveina7-storey-highbuilding.注：这种结构中名词不能用复数，同时只能作定语，用作表语时，不用连字符，名词用复数。如：Jimis10yearsoldthisyear.Jimisa10-year-oldboy.专题例析:例1Thenumber2,146isreadas__________.A.twothousandsandonehundredandfortyandsix.B.twothousandandahundredandforty-six.C.twothousand,onehundredandforty-six.D.twothousands,onehundred,forty-six.分析:英语数字的读法是有规律的,百位跟十位之间加and,十位与个位用连字符,三位以上的数用逗号分开,第一个逗号代表thousand等.根据数字的读法,可以找出正确答案为C.例2Thereare_____peopleinmyfamily.Weliveinthe_____floorinatallbuilding.A.five;sixB.fifth;sixthC.fifth;sixD.five,sixth分析:第一个空表示数量肜基数词,第二个空表示顺序用序数词,选D.例3——Excuseme,howdoesthisnumber20,135read?

——Itreads___________.A.twentythousandsonehundredandthirtyfiveB.twentythousandonehundredthirtyfiveC.twentythousand,onehundredandthirty-fiveD.twentythousands,onehundredandthirty-five分析：根据数字的读法规律，选C。例4Inourclass______ofthestudentsaregirls.A.threefifthsB.threefifthC.thirdfiveD.thirdfifths分析：根据分数的表达方法，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母用复数可以找到正确答案为A。专题训练:Thisabigclass,and______ofthestudentsaregirls.A.twothirdB.secondthreeC.twothirdsD.twothreeThequestionsisveryeasy,evena_____childcananswerit.A.three-yearsoldB.threeyearsoldC.three-year-oldD.threeyearold3.The_____manontheleftisBeckman,afamousfootballplayer.A.twoB.secondC.three4.——Whichclasswonthematchintheend?——I’mnotsure.Maybe_____did.A.ClassThirdB.ClassThreeC.thirdthreeD.ClassThreeCCBD5.Nine_____poundsaweek?That’sverygood.A.hundredofB.hundredsofC.hundredsD.hundred.6.Sharkshavebeenontheearthfor_____years.A.thousandsofB.twothousandsC.twothousandsofD.thousandof7.______peoplecometoJilintovisitMountChangbaieveryyear.A.ThousandsofB.ThousandofC.ThousandsD.Thousand8.Thecomputerwascheap.Ispentonlytwo_____yuanonit.A.thousandsB.thousandC.thousandsofD.thousandofDAAB9.About_____oftheworkersintheclothesfactoryarewomen.A.thirdfifthsB.thirdfifthC.threefifthsD.threefifth10.Theroadisover______metreslong.A.sixhundredsandfifty-twoB.sixhundredandfifty-twoC.sixhundred,fifty-twoD.sixhundred,fiftyandtwo11.Septemberis_____monthoftheyear.A.ninthB.eighthC.theeighthD.theninth12.It’sabout______kilometresfromNanningtoBeijing.A.twothousandfivehundredandsixtyB.twothousandfivehundredsandsixtyC.twothousandsfivehundredandsixtyD.twothousandsfivehundredsandsixtyCBDA13.Everyyear,______fishesarekilledbythepollutedwater.A.millionofB.millionsofC.twomillionsofD.twomillions14.Theboytoldtheoldwoman,“Thetrainwillarriveattwototwo.”Itmeans______.A.2:02B.2:20C.1:58D.1:4015.Sarasaidwewouldmeetat_____infrontofthemuseum.A.onethirtyB.halfanhourC.oneandthirtyD.onepastthirty16.We’llhavea_____holidayaftertheexam.A.twomonthB.two-monthC.twomonth’sD.two-monthsBCAB17.Nowchildren,turntopage______andlookatthe_____pictureinLessonTwo.A.twentieth;oneB.twenty;oneC.twentieth;firstD.twenty;first18.Todaywearegoingtolearnthe____lesson.A.twentyB.twentithC.twentiethD.twentyth19.Dinosaureggswerefoundinthe_____.A.1990B.1990thC.1990sD.1990s’20.——HowoftendoItakeit?——______.A.twiceB.twiceadayC.twiceonedayD.intwicedaysDCCB练习题：1.写出下列数词相对应的基数词或序数词。1)One

.2)Two

.3)three

.4)nine

.5)twelve

.6)twenty

.7)eighty-eight

.8)sixty-two

.9)fifty-four.

10)fourhundred.11)sixth.

12)thirteenth.13)eleventh

14)hundredth.firstsecondthirdninthtwelfthtwentietheighty-eighthsixty-secondfifty-fourthfourhundredthsixthirteenelevenOnehundredandthree2.根据提示完成下列英文句子。1）6:30--whattimeisit?--itis.2)4月1日Todayis.3)2+1=3

isthree.3.选择填空。1）

ofthevisitorsareforeibners.

A.ThreefiveB.Three-fifthC.Three-fifthsD.Thirdfive2）Thereare

peopleonthesquare.

A.hundredsB.hundredofC.hundredsofD.fivehundreds3)Theteacheraskedustowritea

compositioninonehour.

A.three-hundred-wordsB.threehundredofwordsC.three–hundreds-wordsD.three–hundred–wordApril1stsixthirty/halfpastsixtwoplusoneCCD4)--What

isCharliein?--Heisin.

A.row,rowFourB.row,RowFourC.rows,fourrowDrows,rowFour.5)–Howmuchisfive

six?--Eleven.

A.plusB.minusC.timesD.divided4.写出下列数字的英语读法。1)4/7.2)0.28.3)1/4.4)3.14.5)30%.5)0.7%.BAfoue-seventhsaquarterzeropointtwoeightthreepointonefourzeropointsevenpercentthirtypercent从事物内容上分析，基数词用在下列情况。

1)编号的事物用基数词。TodaywearegoingtostudyLessonFive.今天我们要学习第五课。Pleaseopenyourbooksatpageten.请打开书，翻到十页。WeliveinRoom101.我们住在101房间。2)表示“年，月，日”时用基数词。Theaccidenttookplacein1982.这次事故发生在一九八二年。IwasborninOct.11,1956.我出生在一九五六年，十月，十一日。YoucouldseemanyflowersinJune.六月份你可以看到好多花。3)表示“几点钟，几点过几分”用基数词。It'sthreeo'clock.现在是三点钟。Itistwototwo.现在是两点差两分。WearrivedinBeijingatfivetoseven.我们七点差五分到达北京。4)用于加减乘除的数字用基数词。Oneplustwoisthree.一加二等于五。Eightminusfourisfour.八减四等于四。Twotimestwoisfour.二乘二等于四。Tendividedbytwoisfive.十除以二等于五。5)表示大几倍或者小几倍用基数词。Thisriveristwotimeslongerthanthatone.这条河比那条河长两倍。Thisboxisfivetimeslessthanthatone.这个盒子比那个盒子小五倍。Fivetimessixisthirty.五乘以六得三十。6)表示百分数用基数词。Thirtypercentofthemiswater.它们当中有30%的水。Eightypercentofwhathesaidistrue.他的话有80%是真实的。7)表示分数时，分子数字用基数词,但分母要用序数词,如分子不是1，序数词要用复数形式。One-fifthofthebooksaremine.三分之一的书是我的。Three-tenthsofwaterisdisappeared.十分之三的水不见了。8)表示有小数的词用基数词。5.5fivepointfive12.135twelvepointonethreefiveone

hundredone

thousandten

thousandone

hundred

thousandone

millionten

millionone

hundred

million

one

billionten

billionone

hundred

billiontens/hundreds/thousands/millionsof

一百

一千

一万

十万

一百万

一千万

一亿

十亿

一百亿

一千亿数十/百/千/百万看谁译得快：序数词的变化1onefirst2twosecond3threethi