Kam 周锋老师 医学英语口语课 Pathogenesis of Anemia贫血发病机制

The

Pathogenesis

of

Anemia-贫血发病机制ClassA1Team22nd：LiuKunrong,Dalin,Rongxi(周峰老师英语课)ContentsDefinitionofAnemiaOnset&ProcessofAnemiainWM123ConclusionsDefinitionofAnemiaWhatdoesanemiamean?Anemiaisaconditioninwhichthenumberofredbloodcellsortheamountofhemoglobinintheperipheralcirculationislowerthanthenormalvalue.

ITheOnsetofanemiaTheOnsetofAnemia1、InadequateproductionofqualifiedRBC(红细胞生成不足)Anemia2、ExcessivelossingordestructionofRBC(红细胞损失过多)（1）InadequateProductionofQualifiedRBC1、LackingofmaterialsneededtomanufactureRBC

（造血原料不足）IronDeficientAnemia(IDA)(缺铁性贫血)MegaloblasticAnemia(MA)(巨幼红细胞性贫血)2、MaterialsneededtoproduceRBCcan’tbeusedinaproperway

（造血原料利用障碍）SideroblasticAnemia(SA)(铁粒幼细胞性贫血)Atransferinemia(转铁蛋白缺乏症)（1）InadequateProductionofQualifiedRBC3、DysfunctioninproducingenoughqualifiedRBC

（造血异常）AplasticAnemia(AA)(再生障碍性贫血)MyelodysplasticSyndrome(MDS)(骨髓增生异常综合征)4、Decificiencyofhematopoieticcytokines

（促红细胞生成素等因子不足）ChronicRenalInsufficiency(慢性肾功能不全或肾衰)Hypothyroidism(甲减)（2）ExcessiveLossing&DestructionofRBC1、MoreamountofRBCgoingoutofthevessels

（出血过多）Acutevesselinjuredwithexcessivebleeding(急性出血伴血容量丢失过多)Chronicbleeding(Tumourinjured,UC)(长期出血)2、ExcessivedestructionofRBC（红细胞破坏过多）HemolyticAnemia(HA)

(溶血性贫血)IITheProcessofanemiaTheProcessofAnemiaTissuesIINeurologicalsystemTissuesICardiovascularsystemRespiratorysystemDigestivesystemAnemiaTheProcessofAnemiaTheoriginalpathogenesis:

Oxygen-poorinalmostallthetissuesofthebody.（病机根源于组织缺氧）

（1）ManifestationsoftheNeurologicalSystem·Dizziness（头晕）·Headache（头痛）·Insomnia（失眠）（1）ManifestationsoftheNeurologicalSystemResultfromDizziness,headache,insomnia,hypomnesis,attentiondisorder,etc.Thereisn’tenoughRBCtotransmitadequateoxygentothenervoustissueswhichgraduallyleadstothesedysfunctionsintheneurocytes.(脑组织缺血缺氧)ManifestationsMechanism（2）ManifestationsoftheCardiopulmonarySystemLeadtoAhighrateofheartbeatingandbreathing,palpitation&shortnessofbreathafterexercises,etc.Mechanism·Inordertomaintainenoughoxygentransmittedtothevitalorgans&tissues,theheart&breathingratesareincreasedcompensatorily.(心肺代偿)·Andthemyocardialwillbecomehypertrophyaftertheheartcompensatesforalongperiod.(心肌肥厚)Manifestations（2）ManifestationsoftheCardiopulmonarySystempalpitation（心悸）shortnessofbreathafterexercises（运动后气短）（3）ManifestationsoftheDigestiveSystemLeadtoApoorappetite,dyspepsia,abdominalfullness,etc.Manifestations·Enzyme,whichisimportantfordigestion,willbeexcretedlesserthannormal.(消化酶分泌不足)·Digestiveglandswillevenwithergraduallyifthepatientsuffersfromanemiaforalongperiod.(消化腺萎缩)Mechanism（3）ManifestationsoftheDigestiveSystem·Apoorappetite（食欲不振）·Dyspepsia（消化不良）·Abdominalfullness（腹胀满）（4）OtherManifestationsIMenstruationdisorder（月经不调）somnolence&lassitude（嗜睡、疲惫）（4）OtherManifestationsIResultfromMenstruationdisorderTheendometriumgrowsslowlyduetotheRBC&oxygeninsufficiency.(子宫内膜缺血缺氧)ManifestationsMechanismsomnolence&lassitudeRBC-poor&oxygen-poorinmostofthetissuesleadstoalowmetabolism&energydeficiency.(体内能量代谢缓慢且不足)Resultfrom（5）OtherManifestationsIIDryskin（皮肤干燥）Salloworpalecomplexion（面色灰暗或苍白）（5）OtherManifestationsIIResultfromDryhair,hairloss,dryskin,salloworpalecomplexion,palefingernails,lips&palpebralconjunctive,etc.Lessvolumeofbloodisofferedtotheskin&mucousmembraneswhilemoreblood&oxygenistransmittedtothevitalorgans&tissuesasthetotalquantityofRBCisn’tenough.(血液重新分配至重要组织器官致皮肤粘膜缺血)ManifestationsMechanismConclusionConclusionThewayspractitionersofTCMtrytoanalyseanemia

Notonlyfocusonthecauseofbloodinsufficiency,butalsoconcentrateonthedysfunctionthatthebodyproduceslessbloodthanbefore.(不仅想到血液不足，还关注到到使血液生成下降的原因)DoctorsofWMtrytolearnanemiainthesewaysPaymoreattentiontothetissuelikethebonemarrow,hematopoieticstemcellsandcytokinesthatcanmanufactureRBCandhowtheorganscanbeinjuredduringtheprocessofanemia.(更关心骨髓等是怎么造血的以及贫血是如何对气管产生损害的)TreatmentsofTCM

Aimtoregularthebody’shematopoieticfunctionbyreplenishqi&nourishyin&blood,inwhichwaytheinjuredorgans&tissuescanberepaired.(调和气血，修损复原)ConclusionDifferenttherapiescomefromdifferentmedicaltheories.(不同的医学理论产生不同的对策)ConclusionDifferenttherapiescomefromdifferentmedicaltheories.TreatmentsofWM