必修3Unit1(单词+短语+句型)

必修3Unit1

Festivalsaroundtheworld课标词汇名词11个1.美人2.收获3.起源4.祖先5.信任，信仰6.诡计，窍门7.诗人8.农业9.衣服10.风俗11.许可，允许beautyharvest

origin

ancestorbelief

trickpoetagriculture

clothing

custom

permission动词11个1.收获，收割2.欺骗，诈骗3.获得4.搜集，聚集5.授奖，授予道歉淹没，溺死擦去，擦提醒，使想起原谅，饶恕harvesttrickgaingatherawardapologizedrownwiperemindforgive形容词或副词7个1.宗教的，虔诚的2.独立的3.充满活力的4.遍及全世界的5.明显的originalagriculturalreligiousindependentworldwideenergeticobvious联想串记________(adj.)宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的

______(n.)宗教信仰2._____(n.)信任；信心；信仰→______(vt.)相信3.____________(n.)独立；自主→___________(adj.)独立的；自主的4._______(vt.)赞美；钦佩；羡慕__________(n.) 钦佩；羡慕5.__________(n.)许可；允许→______(vt.)允许independenceindependentadmireadmirationpermissionpermitapologizeapologyforgiveforgivenessreligiousreligionbeliefbelieve6._________(vi.)道歉；辩白→_______(n.)道歉7.________(vt.)原谅；饶恕→__________(n.)宽恕；原谅Ⅱ.短语互译1.发生_________2.纪念；追念____________3.盛装；打扮；装饰________4.期望；期待；盼望______________5.日夜；昼夜；整天____________6.屏息；屏气________________7.出发；动身；使爆炸______takeplaceinmemoryofdressuplookforwardtodayandnightholdone’sbreathsetoff8.turnup___________9.keepone’sword_________________10.remind...of..._______________11.playatrickon_______________________12.asthough/if_____13.havefunwith_________出现；到场守信用；履行诺言使……想起……搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑好像玩得开心核心考点turn短语3年9考remind3年1考gain3年1考be+形容词+todo...3年1考it作形式主语的主语从句3年8考１.beautyn.美（抽象不可数）／美人（可数）beautifyvt.美化：我们要尽力美化我们的家园beautifuladj.美丽的：如花儿一样美beautifuladv.abeautifullyclearsunnyday2.poetn.诗人poemn.诗歌apoem/The300TangPoemspoetryn.诗歌LiBaiwroteagreatdealofpoetry3.clothingclothescloth晴朗的艳阳天表示“衣服”的总称(不可数）anarticleofclothing表示“衣服”的复数名词asuitofclothes（一套衣服），表示“衣服”的复数名词表示“布”、“衣料”，是不可数名词arollofcloth（一卷布）等，但atablecloth（桌布），1.trickn.诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt.欺骗；诈骗①Weareplayingatrickontheman②Theyoftentrickyou

into

buyingsomethingyoudon'tneed③Theman

trickedtheoldladyoutofhernecklace.那个人把老妇人的项链骗走了。他们经常骗你买一些你不需要的东西。我们正在戏弄那个家伙。【归纳】填写适当的介词或副词playtricks/atrick___sb.捉弄某人tricksb.____doingsth.诱使某人做某事tricksb._____sth.骗走某人某物onintooutof2.gainvt.获得；得到n.(不可数)获利,利益；财富的增加gainweight增加体重gainsth.from/by...从……处获益gainother’srespect/love/trus获得别人的尊敬/爱戴/信任①Nopains,nogains.不劳无获。【熟词生义】读句子猜含义Mywatchgainsfiveminutesaday.[](钟,表)快②(2012·广东高考)Sportsaregainingimportanceinadvertisingontelevision.体育(节目)正在电视广告中变得重要。③Theyrealisethatpassingexamsisnolongerenoughtogainaplaceatuniversity.他们认识到仅仅是考试通过并不能确保进入大学。④Thestepfatherfinally_________________________.这位继父终于获得了孩子们的尊重。gainedthechildren’srespect【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空gain指经过很大努力而“获得”,所得的东西常具有一定的价值win常指取胜的一方具有优越的特质或条件而能克服各种障碍,意为“赢得”get普通用词,有时指不一定需要努力就能“得到”earn意为“赚得”,表示经过努力所得的报酬acquire意为“获得,取得”,一般指通过漫长的过程而逐渐获得⑤Aftersixyears’study,I________agoodknowledgeofcomputerandmyperseverance____memanyfriendsintheuniversity.ThereforeI___agoodjob,whichhasmademe____muchexperience.AndnowI____upto$100,000ayear.acquiredwongotearngain【高考链接】(2011·辽宁高考)Youareoldenoughto______yourownliving.A.winB.gainC.takeD.earn【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意：你年纪足够大了,可以自己谋生了。win赢得；gain获得；take带走；earn/makeone’sliving谋生,构成固定短语。

3.apologizevi.道歉；辩白(1)apologizetosb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉apologizetosb.＋that从句向某人道歉(2)apologyn.道歉,致歉make/offeranapologytosb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉accept/refuseone’sapology接受/拒绝某人的道歉owesb.anapology应向某人道歉①Youshould_________________havingkeptherwaitingsolong.让她等了这么久,你应该为此向她道歉。②(2012·山东高考)HesmiledpolitelyasMaryapologizedforherdrunkenfriends.当玛丽为她醉酒的朋友们向他道歉时,他礼貌地微笑着。③Hemadeapublicapologyfortheteam’sperformance.他就队伍的表现公开道歉。apologizetoherfor【想一想】在日常交际中还有哪些表示道歉和答复道歉的句式？试列举。【参考答案】(1)情景交际中表示道歉的句式：①Iamreallysorry(真对不起),butIseemtohavemisplacedyourbagsomewhere.②Ifeelterriblysorry(我感到非常抱歉),butI’vejustbrokenyourbeautifulvase.(2)对于道歉的回答,可以用下列句式来表达：①Don’tworryaboutit(别担心).②Justforgetaboutit(别再把这件事放在心上了).③That’sOK/That’sallright/Itdoesn’tmatter(没关系).④It’snothing(没什么).4.remindvt.提醒；使想起remindsb.of/aboutsth.使某人想起某事remindsb.todosth.使某人想起；提醒某人(做)某事remindsb.that/what/how从句...提醒某人……/使某人想起……remindsb.ofdoingsth.提醒某人已做过某事①Thesephotosremindmeofmychildhood.这些照片使我想起我的童年。②Youmustremindhimtotakehismedicine,incaseheforgets.你必须提醒他吃药,以防他忘记了。③Thisstory—whichhappenedbeforeIwasborn—remindsmehowgreatmymotherwas.这个发生在我出生之前的故事提醒我,我的母亲是多么伟大。【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空remind“提醒,使想起”,指因外界的刺激而想起了过去的事,侧重提醒remind+sb.+of+sth.recall“回忆起,使想起”,侧重于有意识的recall+sth.+to+sb.填空：AtfirstIcouldnot_____whereIhadleftthebook,butherwords_________meoftheplacewhereIputit.recallreminded【高考链接】(2011·全国卷Ⅱ)Mary,I______Johnofhispromisetohelpyou.A.toldB.remindedC.warnedD.advised选B。考查动词和固定搭配。remindsb.ofsth.

_____nottomisstheflight,themanagersetoutfortheairportinahurry.(2009福建32）RemindingB.RemindedC.ToremindD.Havingreminded选B。动词和固定搭配。

remindsb.todosth.

被动式5.forgivevt.(forgave,forgiven)原谅；饶恕forgivesb.sth.原谅某人的某行为forgiveme请原谅；对不起forgivesb.for(doing)sth.原谅某人(做了)某事①Weforgavehimhisrudeness.我们原谅了他的无礼。②Forgiveme,Idon’tmeantoinsultyou.请原谅,我并非有意侮辱你。③She’dfindawaytoforgivehimforthetheftofthemoney.她会让自己原谅他偷钱的行为的。【熟词生义】读句子猜含义I’llforgiveyouthedebt.［］免除(债务)6.awardvt.授予，奖给，判给（尤指官方决定）n.奖品（仲裁人的）裁定（法院的）判决；裁定书she'sbeenawardedascholarshiptostudyatOxford.

她获得了去年牛津大学念书的奖学金。

rewardvt报酬，酬谢，报答，奖赏

n.报酬,报答,奖赏,报偿

Hewasgenrouslyrewarded.他得到了慷慨的酬报。Hewillexpectsomerewardafterworkingsohard.

他工作很努力,会得到报偿的。reward通常指给与善行，业绩，劳力等的报酬（奖励）

award通常指由审核员慎重审核的结果所给与的奖赏赏金,酬金从词义上说，award是“授予，给予”，reward是“回报”。从用法上说，award用双宾语：awardsbsth或awardsthtosb.

reward用固定搭配rewardsbwithsth.7.gatherv.收集积聚Heis~ingmaterialsforanewbook.gather/\collect区别Thecloudsare~ing.(四方云集）Hecollectsstamps.(有选择收集)gatherup收集整理Darkclouds______.Itisgoingtorain.A.arecollectingB.aregatheringC.comingupD.aregatheringup8.drownvi./vt.(使)淹没，溺死~sth(in…)Thefloodsdrownedthewholevillage.Themandrownedintheriver.drowning/drowned区别快要淹死的已经淹死的MengXiangbinsavedthe____girl.A.drownB.drownedC.drowningD.todrown1.takeplace发生①Thethreateningstrikedidnottakeplaceafterall.可能来临的罢工终究没有发生。②TheeveningpartywilltakeplaceonNewYear’sEve.晚会将在除夕那天举行。【辨析】理解下列区别并选词汇填空takeplace发生；举行；举办；多指有组织、有计划的事件的发生,没有偶然性这几个词汇均不可用于被动语态happen碰巧发生；一般用于偶然或突发性事件occur发生；突然想起,其意义相当于happencomeabout发生；产生,多指事情已发生,但不知道为什么,多用于否定句和疑问句breakout爆发；多指战争、灾难、瘟疫、争吵等事件的发生③Sincethe2012OlympicGames_________inLondon,greatchangeshave__________there.Forexample,fewerandfewertrafficaccidents_________________,andnearlynoquarrels_________.Youmaywonderhowthesedifferences__________.tookplacetakenplaceoccurred/happenedbrokeoutcameabout2.lookforwardto期望；期待；盼望①I’mlookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.我盼望再次见到你。②Thedaywelookedforwardtocameatlast.我们期待的日子终于来了。(welookedforwardto是定语从句)【拓展】补全下列look短语look______ 注意；当心；提防look_____ 仰慕look_____________... 轻视/看不起……look____sth. 调查某事look___...__... 把……当作……look___ 查阅,查询outforuptodownupon/onintoonasup【高考链接】(2011·四川高考)Ioften______thewordsIdon’tknowinthedictionaryorontheInternet.A.lookupB.lookatC.lookforD.lookinto【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:我经常在词典里或者网上查我不认识的单词。lookup查阅,查询。lookat看；lookfor寻找；lookinto调查。3.turnup出现,露面；被找到；开大(音量)；向上翻观察句子,写出黑体部分的含义①RichardturneduponChristmasEvewithTony.

()②Ican’thearthemusic.Pleaseturnuptheradio.()③I’msureyourwatchwillturnuponeofthesedays.()④Heturneduphiscoatcollaragainstthechillwind.()露面开大音量被找到朝上翻【拓展】

turnagainst背叛；对……不利turndown拒绝；关小,调低turnin上交；拐入turnout结果是；证明是；生产；制造turnover翻身；打滚；移交；转动turnround转身；翻转；(使)翻身turntosb.forhelp向某人求助【高考链接】(2011·江苏高考)—Youlookupset.What’sthematter？—Ihadmyproposal______again.A.turnedoverB.turnedonC.turnedoffD.turneddown【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：——你看起来很沮丧,出什么事了？——我的提议又被拒绝了。turndown拒绝,符合句意。turnover翻身；turnon打开；turnoff关掉,均与句意不符。4.setoff出发,动身；使爆炸；引起观察句子,写出黑体部分的含义①Hearingthenews,theyimmediatelysetofffortherailwaystation.

()②Theslightestsparkcansetofftheexplosivesstoredhere.

()③Ifuncontrolled,theshortagewouldsetoffanewriseinmeatprices.

()出发使……爆炸引起【拓展】

setabout着手/开始做……(后接名词、动名词)setout出发,开始做……(后接动词不定式)setdown放下,记下setup建立,树立,搭起Ⅲ.句型透视1.“be+形容词+todo...”Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffood_________________(难以找到),especiallyduringthecoldwintermonths.2.“with+宾语+介词短语”结构Onthisimportantfeastday,peopleeatfoodintheshapeofskullsandcakes___________________(上面有“骨头”).wasdifficulttofindwith“bones”onthem3.it作形式主语的主语从句_____________(很明显)thatthemanagerofthecoffeeshopwaswaitingforLiFangtoleave...4.while引导的时间状语从句____________________(她在人间时)shemettheherdboyNiulangandtheyfellinlove.ItwasobviousWhileshewasonearth2.选用句型透视中的句式仿写句子(1)精通外语很重要。__________________________________________(2)老师手里拿着一本书走进教室。_____________________________________________________(3)显而易见手机现在很流行。____________________________________________________Itisveryimportanttomasterforeignlanguages.Theteacherenteredtheclassroomwithabookinhis/herhand.Itisobviousthatmobilephonesarequitepopularnowadays.1.Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficulttofind,especiallyduringthecoldwintermonths.那时如果难以找到食物,人们就会挨饿,特别是在寒冷的冬季。(1)该句中使用了“sb./sth.is＋adj.＋todo”结构。(2)在该结构中,不定式用主动形式表示被动意义,如后面的动词是不及物动词,则要加上适当的介词或副词。(3)能用于该句型的形容词有：easy,hard,difficult,fit,heavy,light,nice,unfit,good,sweet,interesting等。仿写句子①有些人认为英语很难学。________________________________________________②这道数学题很难算出来。__________________________________________SomepeoplethinkthatEnglishisverydifficulttolearn.Thismathsproblemisverydifficulttoworkout.2.ItwasobviousthatthemanagerofthecoffeeshopwaswaitingforLiFangtoleave...很明显,咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开……(1)句子中的it作形式主语,其后的that从句才是真正的主语。it作形式主语,没有具体意义,而只是帮助把真正的主语移至句子末尾,使句子显得匀称。(2)it作形式主语的常用句式：①Itbe+形容词(possible,strange,natural,important...)+that从句②Itbe+过去分词(said,thought,believed,supposed,reported...)+that从句③It+不及物动词(seem,occur,happen...)+that从句④Itbe+名词短语(apity,afact,awonder,anhonour,nowonder...)+that从句①她一定会来参加讨论。______________shewillcometothediscussion.②我们不能走,真遗憾。_____________wecan’tgo.③我突然想起前门未锁。___________________Ididn’tlockthefrontdoor.④据报道他赢得了比赛。________________hehaswonthegame.ItiscertainthatItisapitythatItoccurredtomethatItisreportedthat【点津】在“Itisstrange/natural/important/necessary/essential...+that从句”结构中,从句要用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词为“should+动词原形”。【高考链接】(2011·江苏高考)Itwasneverclear______themanhadn’treportedtheaccidentsooner.A.thatB.howC.whenD.why【解析】选D。考查主语从句。句意：这名男子没有早点报告这次事故的原因根本没有搞清楚。It在句中是形式主语,真正的主语是why引导的主语从句。1.admirevt.赞美,钦佩；羡慕；欣赏admiresb.forsth.因某事而钦佩某人withadmiration羡慕地①Visitors_______Beijing___itsbeauty.观光者赞赏北京的美丽。admirefor②Youhadbetteradmireothersmorethancriticizeifyouwanttobepopular.如果你想要受人欢迎,尽量多赞美、少批评。③Deeplymovedbyherperformance,thewholeaudiencegaspedwithadmiration.她的表演动人心弦,全场观众赞叹不已。2.holdone’sbreath屏息；屏气①Howlo