2021北京市东城区高三二模英语试题

北京市东城区20202021学年度第二学期高三综合练习（二）英语本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Lastweek,drovetoJoeHardwaretogetafewitems.Uponreturningtomy1,Inoticedcatunderneathandbentdowntoinvestigate.Atthispoint,mywalletfelloff—butIdidn’tnoticeitwas2untilabouthourlater.I3mysteps,askedaroundandtoremycarinsideout.Nothing.lostmywallet.Afterthisfactsankin,Iwasabouttocallbankandthem4meanewcreditcardwhenalittlevoiceinsidemyheadsaid,“Whoa!5.Someonemusthavepickeditup.Anaveragecitizen,justlikeyou.Whatwouldsheorhedo?”SoIheldbackIwasgoingtogiveaday.Then,earlythatevening,wassurfingtheInternetforanewwalletwhenIheardaknockonthedoor.TherewasmanwhoIdidnot6.Coulditbe?Afterweexchangedgreetings,he7memywallet.Hefounditintheparkinglot,thoughtdroppingitoffat’sHardwarebut8todriveoverandreturninperson.Hetoldmehis9,butIwasovercomewithemotionandcannotbe100%sure.IthinkwasDavid.Iofferedhimacashrewardbutherefused.Hewasaregularguydoingtherightthing.David,thanksoverymuchforreturningwalletandreinforcingbeliefthattherearesomegoodand10peoplearound.1.A.carB.homeC.bankD.shop2.A.brokenB.emptyC.stolenD.missing3.A.recoveredB.recordedC.retracedD.reduced4.A.loanB.sendC.showD.pass5.A.ComeonB.CheerupC.SlowdownD.Lookout6.A.doubtB.recognizeC.admireD.remember7.A.awardedB.foundC.broughtD.handed高三英语

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8.A.happened9.A.age

B.decidedB.hobby

C.intendedC.name

D.hesitatedD.job10.A.decentB.courageousC.cautious第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5，共15分）

D.humble阅读下列短文根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AIgrewupinaremotevillage.Therenosuchthingasainmostfamilies.ItwasattheschoollibrarythatI11(discover)thejoyofreading.ThereIspenthoursreadingwhateverattractedmyinterest.I’msureIdidnotunderstandeverythinginthosebooksatthetime.12Ididunderstandwasthepleasurethatgoodstoriesofferandpowerofbookstointroducemetolivesandexperiences13myown.Iwas“hookedonbooks,”asthesayinggoes.BWindisofourcleanestandmostabundantsources.EuropeisleadingthewayinwindNearlyofallturbines(

风力发电机14(locate)there.ThecountrythatproducesthemostenergyfromwindisGermany.However,Germany15(consume)lotofenergy,windonlysuppliesabout5%ofallitselectricalneeds.Denmarkisthegloballeaderinthisfield,whichwind16(supply)almost20%ofitsenergy.CTherearetwodifferentwaystothinkanoldshipwreck(

沉船).Somepeoplevalueitsfinancialworth.They’vespentalotoftimeandmoneysearchingforthewreck.Whenthey17(final)findit,theybelievethattheshipanditscontentsshouldbe18(they).Theseareusuallyreferredtoastreasurehunters.Forotherpeople,however,aship19(lie)atthebottomoftheseaisavaluableopportunitytostudyhowcitizensfrompastcultureslivedandtraveled.Thosepeoplearemarinearchaeologists,20studyunderwaterhistoricalsites.高三英语

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第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALiuJichen,founderandCEOofClearPlate®,designedaminiprogramthatrecognizesemptyplatesandrewardsuserswithpoints.Thesepointscanbeexchangedforgiftslikebooksandcellphones,orbetteryet,theycanbeusedtopurchasecharitymealsdonatedtopoorchildrenruralareasofChina.In2016,Liu,athenstudentofTsinghuaUniversity,noticedpopularcampaigncalled“LeftoverParty”,wherepeopletheirleftoverstoeattogether,intendingtoraiseawarenessoffoodwaste.Liuandhisclassmatesorganizedsuchevent,whichwasattendedbyhundredsofpeople.successencouragedtospreadtheconceptreducingfoodwastetoawideraudience.Theideaofamini-programstruckatadinnerin2017whenLiudinedatarestaurant,whichrewardeddinerswhofinishedofftheirfood.Liufoundthattherestaurantwouldgivethesedinersacardeverytimeandthemsmallwhentheycollectedacertainnumberofcards.“Everyonewhovaluesfoodcanenjoyasenseofgainatalowercost,”Liusaid,notingthatsuchanideacouldberealizedonline.Heformedateamworkontheproject.YetwasquiteachallengefortheAIsystemtoidentifytheuploadedLiuandhisteam,assistedbymorethan1,000others,spentayearcollectingover100,000samplesacrossthecountrytotrainthedigitalbrain.“Thereweresomanyuncertaintiesinresearchanddevelopment.Forourteammembers,thebiggestchallengewaswhetherwereconfidentenoughtocompleteit,”Liusaid.Theyonlyachievedtheirgoal,butnow,themini-programhasmorethanfivemillionregisteredusers.“WehopetoinspireeveryonetakeactionagainstfoodwasteandtocontributeChinesewisdomandsolutionstoglobalfoodsecuritychallenges,”headded.21.WhatinspiredLiuJichentocreatethemini-A.Arestaurant’spractice.B.Hisinterestinhightech.C.Acampaignconcept.D.Hisclassmatesadvice.22.Whatisthemainaimofthemini-program?A.Toincreaseawarenessofcharity.B.Toencouragetosavefood.C.Tocollectphotosemptyplates.D.Topromotebooksandothergifts.23.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeLiuJichen?A.Generousandoptimistic.B.Lovingandeasy-C.Determinedandresponsible.D.Gratefulandconsiderate.B高三英语

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Forpeoplewhostruggletoreadtext,technologycanbealifeline.Actually,assistivetechnology(AT)toolsforreadingcanalsobeusefultostudentswhojustneedsomeextraassistancetoaidreadingfluencyorcomprehension.Thesetoolsareinexpensiveandeasytofind.Theyupthewonderfulworldofreading,makingtextaccessibletostudentsofallabilities.Butwithmanytoolsoutthere,’snotalwayseasytoknowwhichonestouse.Tohelp,here’saguidetosomebestones.GraphicorganizersTheyarevisualrepresentations,likediagramsandmindmaps,ofideasandconcepts.Youcanusegraphicorganizershelpwithcomprehensionreading.Graphicorganizersbedigitalorpenandpaper.AnnotationaidsTheyletyoutakenotesandwritecommentswhilereading.Thiscanmakeiteasiertokeepinformation.Annotationaidscanbepartofsoftwareorapps,ortheycanbetraditionalpens,markers,andstickynotes.DisplaycontrolItallowsyoutocontroltextisdisplayed.Whenreadingascreen,canchangethefont(

字体

),fontsize,andspacingoftext.Youcanalsocoverpartsofthescreenlessendistractions(干)whilereading.-to-(TTS)Itletsyouseetextanditreadaloudatthesametime.Tousethistool,youclickonwords,andyou’llhearthewordsreadbycomputer-generatedvoices.canevenreadafteritandrecordyourownvoice.TTScanalsobeusedtochangeanydigitaltextfilesintoaudiofiles.Opticalcharacterrecognition(OCR)Itcanreadaloudtextfromimagesandpictures.YoucanuseOCRbytakingphotosofworksheets,paperdocuments,andevenobjectslikestreetsigns.LikeTTS,OCRusescomputer-generatedvoices.KeepinmindthatusingATreadingwon’tpreventpeoplefromlearningtoread.Forexample,expertssayaudiobookscanactuallyhelpkidsbecomebetterreaders.24.Ifareaderpreferstakinghisfeelingsdownwhilereading,’dbetteruse______.A.graphicorganizersB.annotationaidsC.displaycontrolD.text-to-25.WhatfeaturemakesOCRunique?A.Changingfiletypes.B.Editingofdocuments.C.Readingwordsinpictures.D.Usingcomputergeneratedvoices.26.Accordingtotheauthor,ATreadingtoolsare______.A.accessiblebeneficialB.expensiveworthwhileC.helpfulandenergy-efficientD.innovativecomplicated高三英语

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CWhetherhuntingorcompetinglimitedspaceresources,aretheplanet’ssuperpredator(捕者).Athehumanpopulation’sgettingharderfortofindtoduringtheday.Nowfindingsindicatetheworldhavecomeupwithstrategy:TheyareInpaperpublishedinresearchersanalyzed76scientificstudiesimpactonanimalThecomparedanimalsactivityduringdayinofhigh(fromorfarmingtohikingoutdoorrecreation)anddisturbance(relativelyconditions).Theareanof1.36timesnocturnalduehighdisturbance.ForinPolandboarsgofrom48%innaturalto90%nocturnalurbanEvenactivitiespeoplerelativelysuchashikingandwildlifeviewing,stronglyaffectedanimalsdailyrhythms.“Wethinkthatwe’releavingnotraceoftenwhenwe’reoutdoors,butwecanbehavinglastingconsequencesonanimalbehavior,”saysKaitlynGaynor,leadresearcherforthestudy.isfirsthavetolivenight;duringtimeoftheywerenocturnal.“Dinosaurswerethisubiquitous(无不在的

),scarymammals(

哺乳动物)emergeintothedaylight,”Gaynorsays.“Andnowhumanshavetakenoverandarepushingotheranimalsbackintothenight.”ScientistssuspectbecomingmayhurtspecieshighlyadaptedtotheTheynotbetolivewellatwhichwouldultimatelyhurttheirchancesofreproduction.evenalarmingeffectsbeinthewiderecosystem.InCalifornia’sSantaCruzMountains,coyoteshavebeenmorenocturnalresponsetohikersandalterfromdaytimesquirrelsandtonocturnalprey,asratsandrabbits.howecologicalwillchange,itwillbefororworse,requiresfurtherstudy.Somebenefitbothhumans,Forinstance,inNepalareavoidingpotentiallydeadlyconflictswithastheyStudieslikewillhelpconservationdecisionsabouthowtoprotectecosystems.“We’llneedtounderstandlocaldynamicstoreallyshouldbemanagementwildlifeorhumanactivities,”Gaynornotes,“Onepotentialapproachmighttomanagethetimingactivitsothatweleavesomeofthedaylightotheranimals.”高三英语

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27.dotoByC.

B.Byleavingtheirhabitat.D.Bydailyroutine.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“innocuous”inParagraphprobablymean?Harmless.

B.

C.D.29.doesauthorToimportanceofB.Toofhumans.C.Toillustrate’adaptability.D.Todemonstratedinosaurs’power.30.Whatcanweabout’becomingnocturnal?IthasaecologicalB.ItdemandsconservationC.ItmayD.Itbedouble-edged.DAn8-year-oldboyIknowissmallforhisage,shorterandslighterthanhisfriends,evensmallerthanhis5

-year-oldsister.Concernedabouttheincreasinguseandpossiblerisksofgrowthhormone(生长激素),Iaskedhismotherifshe’dconsideredtreatinghimwithit.Shereplied,“Notreally.He’sbuiltlikehisfather,whowasshortandslightasaanddidn’tshootuntilcollege.”Hisfather,at41,isnow6feettall,thoughstillveryslender.Herecallsbeingareasonablyathleticchildbutwithoutthephysicalpowerhisfriends,makingupforwhathelackedinmasswithspeedandagility.“Ienjoyedcompetitivesportsandworkedonskillsothersdidn’thave,”hetoldme,andsaidheencouragessontorecognizeandcapitalizeontheskillshehas.Ifonlyeveryparentwithashortbuthealthychildapproachedthematterassensibly.Expertsestimatethatto80%ofchildrenwhoareshortfortheiragedonothavegrowthhormonedeficiency(

缺乏

)orothermedicalconditionthatlimitsgrowth.Butthere’stherapyavailabletoincreaseheight,someparentsamedicalsolutionforaperceivedproblem,evenwhenthereisnomedicalabnormality.Theyshouldalsoknow,however,thatnewresearchhaslinkedgrowthtreatmenttoseriousunfavorablehealtheffectsyearslater.高三英语

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Dr.AddaGrimberg,adoctoratChildren’sHospitalofPhiladelphia,recalledthat“Twentyyearsago,familieswerefocusedhealth.Theycameinwithachildwhowasnotgrowingrightandwantedtoknowiftherewasanunderlyingdisease.Now,moreandmore,theyfocusedheight.Theywantgrowthhormone,lookingforaspecificheight.Butthisisnotlikeonlineshopping;youcan’tjustplaceorderandmakeachildtheheightyouwant.”In2003,theFoodandDrugAdministrationapproveduseofrecombinanthumangrowthhormonefortheconditionknownas“idiopathicshortstature”,orshortbuildofunknowncause,whichisnotadisease.Butithascausedagrowingnumberofparentstoconsiderusingthehormonetoboosttheheightoftheirchildren.Theresultingrushtotherapyreflectsconcernsaboutawidespreadsocietalbias(

偏见

)againstshortness,ratherthanatruemedicalneed.Expertshavenotedthatthepracticebacksupthebeliefthatshortstatureisunacceptable,leadingtoanincreasingdemandfortherapy.Itisfarbetter,Dr.Grimbergsuggested,tohelpashortchilddevelopcopingskillsthantoinchesthroughmedicine.31.Asfortheparents’attitudetotheir8--oldboy’sshortness,theauthoris______.A.criticalB.tolerantC.supportiveD.worried32.Howdomanyparentsreacttotheirchildren’sshortness?A.Theyareeagertogettheexpectedresult.B.Theysparenotosortoutthecause.C.Theyfeeldisturbedtheirchildren’shealth.D.Theyhelpdeveloptheirchildren’scopingskills.33.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegrowthhormonetreatment?A.Itmightbeofficiallyrecommended.B.Itmayfuelheightdiscrimination.C.Itisbyamedicalneed.D.Itistargetedatcertaindiseases.34.Whichwouldthebesttitlethispassage?A.ShowertheShortwithGrowthHormonesB.FindReplacementGrowthHormonesC.AssesstheEffectsofGrowthHormonesD.WeightheUseGrowthHormones高三英语

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第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项。FiveEstablishedMemoryBoostersCan’trememberwhereyouleftyourcarkeysagain?35Andassmartphonesandtabletsmakeitpossibletooutsourcememorystoragetoourdevices,theactofforgettingmaybeeasierthanever.Butscientistsarestilldiscoveringeverydayactionscanleadtoenhancementsouroverallmemorycapacity.Hereareafewsimpletipsformasteringmemory:GETSOMESLEEP.Aswe’resleeping,ourbrainschangerecentexperiencesintolong-termmemory,aprocessknownconsolidation.36A2014Sciencestudyfoundmicethatsleptafteracquiringanewtaskwereabletopreservethememorybetterthantheircounterpartslackinginsleep.EXERCISE.Ifyouneedanotherreasontohitthegym,regularexercise—specifically,aerobicexercise—hasbeenshowntoenhancememoryrecall,particularlyinyoungadults.Forolderadults,itcanevenoffbrainshrinkage.EATMOREBERRIES.37Agrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhatsnackingonstrawberries,blueberriesandblackberriescanboostthebrain’scommunicationpathways.Andeatingberries,accordingtoa2012study,couldactuallyslowmemorydeclinecausedbyaging.SAYITOUTLOUD.38Butresearchershavelearnedthatsayingthemloud—ratherthanreadinginformationsilently—canresultinamajormemoryupgrade.Ifyou’refeelingshy,youcanalsotrytypingorwritingout,too.GOTOYOURMEMORYPALACE.39Oneoftheseisthemethodofloci(迹记忆法

),orthevisualizingofinformationasmajorstopsalongamentaljourney,likeanimaginarywalkthroughyourchildhoodA2017studyfoundthatthistechniqueactuallyreshapesdifferentnetworksofthebraintobettersupportmemory.A.Rememberingnewconceptsisn’teasy.B.Andagoodnight’ssleepcanhelpyoulearn,too.C.Sufficientamountsofvitamincanimproveyourmemory.D.Changinghabitsishard,havingfruitdoesn’tsoundsobad,E.Andwearebeginningtounderstandimportancesleeptooverallhealth.F.Strategiesforsuperchargingmemorieshavebeenaroundsinceancienttimes.G.Withbusinessestodealwithinourbrain,’seasytoletathingsslipthrough.高三英语

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第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节阅读表达（共4小题；1、2题各2，3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。DigitalInclusionforOlderAdultsAsaresearcherinbehaviorolderadults,Iregularlycomplaintsthemlike,’mjustnotpartofthisworldanymore.Incertainpartsofsociety,Ijustcan’tjoin…thingsjustarenotpossibleyouarenotintheflowtheInternet.”or“Wefeellikewe’restandingoutsideabuildingthatwehavenoaccessto.”Today,masteringdigitaltechnologyhasbecomeakeycomponentofwhatitmeansfullyparticipateinsociety.Butoneareainparticularthreatenstopreventsomeolderadultsfrommakingconnections:thedigitaldivide.Asarecentstudyshows,one-thirdofadultsaged65andolderthey’veneverusedtheInternet,andhalfdon’thaveInternetaccesshome.thosewhodousetheInternet,nearlyhalfsaytheyneedsomeoneelse’shelptosetuporuseanewdigitaldevice.Incontrasttoconcernsabouttechnologyuseincreasingisolation(

孤立；隔离amongyoungerpopulations,thecommunicationandconnectionpossibleonlinecanbeespeciallyvaluableforolderadultswhoarehomebound,liveawayfromfamily,orhavelostthelovedones.Olderadultscanuseonlinetoolstoconnectwithfriendsandfamilyviamessagingplatforms,videochat,andsocialmediaeventheycannolongerphysicallyvisitthem.Andtheycanengagewiththeoutsideworldthroughnews,blogs,streamingplatforms,email,iftheyarenolongerabletomoveaboutaseasilyastheyoncecould.Forolderadultsinparticular,therisksassociatedwithsocialisolationareprofound.Lonelinessamongolderadultshasbeenassociatedwithdepression,functionaldecline,anddeath.Technologycanserveasanimportanttooltohelpreducetheserisks,butonlyifweprovideolderadultswiththeskillstheyneed,tomakeinclusionthedigitalworldaccessibletothem.Theimportanceofdigitalinclusionisnotgoingtodisappearwiththegenerationalchangesofthecomingdecades.Technologyiscontinuouslydeveloping,andwitheachnewdigi