2021-2022学年广东省惠州市柏塘中学高三英语联考试卷含解析

2021-2022学年广东省惠州市柏塘中学高三英语联考试卷含解析一、选择题1.．Catherineintendedtomakefunofothers,only

．

A．fooling

B．beingfooled

C．tobefooled

D．tofool参考答案：C略2.Don’tbothertolookformywatch;Ithinkitwill________someday.A.turndown

B.turnout

C.turnup

D.turnover参考答案：21、【答案】C考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要麻烦找我的手表了；我想总有一天它会出现的。turndown“关小；拒绝”；turnout“结果是”；turnup“出现；到达”；turnover“翻转”。

【解析】3.Ihaven’tseenSarasinceshewasalittlegirl,andshehaschangedbeyond_______A.hearing

Bstrength

C.recognition

D.measure参考答案：C。解析：本题考查名词辨析。hearing意为“听力”；strength意为“力气；力量”；recognition意为“认出；识别；认识”；measure意为“测量；措施”。句意为“……她变得认不出来了。”4.TherearemanynewcentralleadersinChinanow,

manyonceworkedinthewesternprovinces．A．

inwhich

B．

ofwhom

C．

inwhom

D．

forwhom参考答案：B5.Studentsshouldbeencouragedtouse

Internetas

resource．

A．不填；a

B．不填；the

C．the；the

D．the；a参考答案：D6.Thisisasimpleidea,________ishardtoputintopractice.A.onethat

B.that

C.it

D.one参考答案：A7.Ifayoungmanwantsthe

tomovetoadifferentcityinfutureyears,heshouldkeeprentinginsteadofbuyingahouse.A.qualification B.flexibility C.benefit D.privilege参考答案：22.B。题意为：如果年轻人将来想要可以灵活地迁移到另外的城市生活，他就应该租房而不是买房。根据句意可知选B。

8.Kindwordscanbeshortandeasy_______,buttheirechoesaretrulyendless.A.tospeak

B.speaking

C.tobespoken

D.beingspoken参考答案：A9.—Ihavelostthecellphonemybrotherboughtmeasmybirthdaypresent.HowcarelessIwas!—Badluck!Thenyouhavetobuy

tomorrow

wearegoingshoppingtogetherinKaiyuanDepartmentStore.

A．it;that

B．other;when

C．one;when

D．theother;which参考答案：C10._____pandas’dietsusuallyconsistmostlyofbamboo,theycanalsoeatmeatandtheysometimescatchinsectsandsmallbirds.

A.Muchas B.Oncondition C.Providingthat D.Themoment参考答案：A11.Pleasehaveallthenumbers______________toseehowmuchthey______________.

A.add,addup

B.addedto,addup

C.addup,addupto

D.addedup,addupto参考答案：D12. AlthoughAlbertEinsteinwouldsomedaybe_________famousscientist,hedidnotlike__________school.A.a;不填 B.a;the

C.the;不填

D.the;the参考答案：A13.—PremierWenJiabaohasurgedeffectivestepstoincreasefarmers’incomes.

—

!I’msurethefarmerswillhaveabetterlife.

A.NoproblemB.That’sgreatC.WelldoneD.It’snoneofmybusiness参考答案：B略14.—Whydidn’tyoutellhimthegoodnewsthatday?—

histelephonenumber,I

.

A.HadIknown;wouldringhimup B.ShouldIknow;wouldhaverunghimupC.IfIknew;wouldringhimup D.HadIknown;wouldhaverunghimup参考答案：D15.Withthespeed-upoftherailway，nowyoucangettoyourdestination

bytrain，

A．fast

B．faster

C．fastest

D．thefastest

参考答案：B16.Happinessisanactivestateofmind______onethinksone’slifemeaningful,satisfactoryandcomfortable.A.where

B.which

C.there

D.when参考答案：A17.Shestopped

shemighthavesucceedednexttime．A．when

B．as

C．since

D．unless参考答案：A30.Weifangisfamousforitsannualinternationalkitefestival,

peoplefromdozensofcountriesandregionseveryAprilsince1984.A.attracted

B.havingbeenattracted

C.attracting

D.havingattracted参考答案：C二、翻译19.Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1.请完成作业后再和你的朋友聊天。(before)2.除非马上采取有效措施，否则这个地区的人们将面临灾难。(face)3.没日没夜地工作对他的健康消耗很大，因此不久他就病倒了。(drain)4.虽然他每天到公园里锻炼身体，但却对昨天那里发生的事情一无所知。(ignorant)5.得知自己被那所梦寐以求的大学录取时，她是如此激动以至于彻夜未眠。(So…that…)参考答案：1.Peoplefinishyourhomeworkbeforeyouchatwithyourfriend.2.Peopleinthisareawillbefacedwithdisasterunlesseffectivemeasuresaretakenatonce.3.Workingdayandnightwasagreatdrainonhishealth/drainedhishealthgreatly,sohefellillsoon.4.Althoughhetakesexercisesintheparkeveryday,heiscompletelyignorantofwhathappenedthereyesterday.5.Soexcitedwasshethatshefailedtofallasleepthewholenightwhenshelearnedshehadbeenadmittedtotheuniversityshehadbeendreamingofforalongtime.

三、阅读理解20.EarlierthisyearaseriesofpapersinTheLancetreportedthat85percentofthe$265billionspenteachyearonmedicalresearchiswastedbecausetoooftenlynothinghappensafterinitialresultsofastudyarepublished.Nofollow-upinvestigationstoreplicate(复制)orexpandonadiscovery.Nooneusesthefindingstobuildnewtechnologies.Theproblemisnotjustwhathappensafterpublication—scientistsoftenhavetroublechoosingtherightquestionsandproperlydesigningstudiestoanswerthem.Toomanystudiestesttoofewsubjectstoarriveatfirmconclusions.Researcherspublishreportsonhundredsoftreatmentsfordiseasesthatworkinanimalmodelsbutnotinhumans.Drugcompaniesfindthemselvesunabletoreproducepromisingdrugtargetspublishedbythebestacademicinstitutions.Thegrowingrecognitionthatsomethinghasgonewronginthelaboratoryhasledtocallsfor,asonemightguess,moreresearchonresearch—attemptstofindrulestoensurethatpeer-reviewedstudiesare,infact,valid.Itwilltakeaconcertedeffortbyscientistsandotherstakeholderstofixthisproblem.Wecandosobyexploringwaystomakescientificinvestigationmorereliableandefficient.Thesemayincludecollaborativeteamscience,studyregistration,strongerstudydesignsandstatisticaltools,andbetterpeerreview,alongwithmakingscientificdatawidelyavailablesothatotherscanreplicateexperiments,thereforebuildingtrustintheconclusionsofthosestudies.Reproducingotherscientists’analysesorreplicatingtheirresultshastooofteninthepastbeenlookeddownonwithakindof“me-too”derision(嘲笑)thatwouldwasteresources—butoftentheymayhelpavoidfalseleadsthatwouldhavebeenevenmorewasteful.Perhapsthebiggestobstacletoreplicationistheinaccessibilityofdataandresultsnecessarytoreruntheanalysesthatwentintotheoriginalexperiments.Searchingforsuchinformationcanbeextremelydifficult.Investigatorsdie,moveandchangejobs;computerscrash;onlinelinksmalfunction.Dataaresometimeslost—even,asoneresearcherclaimedwhenconfrontedaboutspurious(伪造的)results,eatenbytermites(白蚁).Therehasdefinitelybeensomerecentprogress.Anincreasingnumberofjournals,includingNatureandScience,haveadoptedmeasuressuchaschecklistsforstudydesignandreportingwhileimprovingstatisticalreviewandencouragingaccesstodata.Severalfundingagencies,meanwhile,haveaskedthatresearchersoutlinetheirplansforsharingdatabeforetheycanreceiveagovernmentgrant.Butitwilltakemuchmoretoachievealastingculturechange.Investigatorsshouldberewardedforperforminggoodscienceratherthanjustgettingstatisticallysignificant(“positive”)butnonreplicableresults.Revisingthepresentincentive(激励)structuremayrequirechangesonthepartofjournals,funders,universitiesandotherresearchinstitutions.43.WhatistheproblemreportedinthosepapersinTheLancet?A.Greatachievementsinmedicalresearchfailedtogetpublished.B.Moneywaswastedonfollow-upinvestigationsinmedicalresearch.C.Toomanynewresearchfindingsarenotputintouseafterpublication.D.Fewscientistsaredevotedtobuildingnewtechnologiesformankind.44.Whichofthefollowingsituationismostsimilartotheproblemdescribedinparagraph2?A.Ahighschooldecidestocutitsartprogramsduetothelackoffund.B.Apatientgetssickerbecausehedoesnotfollowthedoctor’sadvice.C.Amarketingfirmtestsawebsitewithparticipantsthatarenottargetpopulation.D.Adrugcompanyfailstoproducethenewdrugduetonoaccesstothelatestdata.45.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Measuresaretakentoensurepublicationoftestedresultsonly.B.Scientificexperimentsmustbereplicabletobeconsideredvalid.C.Experimentreplicationisunoriginalandnotworthwhile.D.Rewardsshouldbegivenonlytothosenonreplicablefindings.46.Thepurposeofthisarticleisto___________.A.arguethatscientificresearchlacksefficiencyB.explaintheresultofarecentscientificstudyC.introducesomerecentprogressinmedicalresearchD.highlightthepossibleproblemsofresearchstudies参考答案：43.C

44.C

45.B

46.D这是一篇说明文。今年早些时候TheLancet发表的一系列论文称，每年用于医学研究的2,650亿美元中，有85%被浪费了，因为在一项研究的初步结果发表后，往往什么都没有发生。文章论述了医学研究存在的两大问题：1.很多研究发现没有被投入使用。2.研究过程本身存在问题。文章提出，要通过共同努力来解决这些问题。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“EarlierthisyearaseriesofpapersinTheLancetreportedthat85percentofthe$265billionspenteachyearonmedicalresearchiswastedbecausetoooftenlynothinghappensafterinitialresultsofastudyarepublished.Nofollow-upinvestigationstoreplicate(复制)orexpandonadiscovery.Nooneusesthefindingstobuildnewtechnologies.”可知，每年用于医学研究的2,650亿美元中，有85%被浪费了，因为在一项研究的初步结果发表后，往往什么都没有发生。没有后续调查来复制或扩展一个发现。没有人利用这些发现来开发新技术。结合选项，C选项表达了这个意思：很多发现在被发表之后并没有被投入使用。故选C。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“scientistsoftenhavetroublechoosingtherightquestionsandproperlydesigningstudiestoanswerthem.Toomanystudiestesttoofewsubjectstoarriveatfirmconclusions.Researcherspublishreportsonhundredsoftreatmentsfordiseasesthatworkinanimalmodelsbutnotinhumans.Drugcompaniesfindthemselvesunabletoreproducepromisingdrugtargetspublishedbythebestacademicinstitutions.”可知，科学家们经常在选择正确的问题和正确设计研究来回答这些问题时遇到困难。太多的研究对太少的对象进行测试，无法得出确定的结论。研究人员发表了数百种治疗疾病的方法的报告，这些方法在动物模型中有效，但在人类身上无效。制药公司发现他们无法复制由最好的学术机构发表的有希望的药物目标。结合选项，C选项提到的“一个营销公司测试一个网站的参与者，而这些参与者并不是该网站的目标人群。”则属于这一类问题。故选C。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Wecandosobyexploringwaystomakescientificinvestigationmorereliableandefficient.Thesemayincludecollaborativeteamscience,studyregistration,strongerstudydesignsandstatisticaltools,andbetterpeerreview,alongwithmakingscientificdatawidelyavailablesothatotherscanreplicateexperiments,thereforebuildingtrustintheconclusionsofthosestudies”可知，我们可以通过探索使科学调查更加可靠和有效的方法来做到这一点。这些可能包括协作团队科学、研究注册、更强的研究设计和统计工具、更好的同行评审，以及广泛提供科学数据，以便其他人能够复制实验，从而建立对这些研究结论的信任。由此推知，实验必须可以复制才能有效，获取信任。故选B。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中EarlierthisyearaseriesofpapersinTheLancetreportedthat85percentofthe$265billionspenteachyearonmedicalresearchiswastedbecausetoooftenlynothinghappensafterinitialresultsofastudyarepublished.（今年早些时候，TheLancet发表的一系列论文称，每年用于医学研究的2,650亿美元中，有85%被浪费了，因为在一项研究的初步结果发表后，往往什么都没有发生。）以及第一和第二段介绍了科学研究存在的问题。第三段提出解决问题的办法。第四段提出解决问题过程中可能遇到的困难。最后一段强调解决问题需要更多的努力。由此可知，这篇文章的写作目的是为了介绍科学研究存在的问题，后面的内容都是围绕这个展开的。结合选项，D选项符合题意。故选D。21.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A．B．C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

ZhuRongji,China’spremierbetween1998and2003,isbackinthecenterofpublicattention,talkingoncemorewiththemediaandtheChinesepeople.Thistime,however,thewordsofthehighlyregardedspeakerareinwrittenform.ZhuRongji’sAnswerstoJournalists’Questions,publishedbyPeople’sPress,hasbeengettinggoodreviewsand27,000copiesflewofftheshelvesinthefirsttwodays.“Whateverliesahead,beitafieldoflandmines（地雷阵）orunfathomableabyss(万丈深渊),Iwillexertallmyeffortsandcontributeallmybesttothecountry,”theformerpremiersaidinthebook,whichisacollectionofcommentsfromdomesticandinternationalpressconferences.“Zhuseldomignoredthetoughquestionsraisedbyforeignmedia,insteadreplyingwithconfidenceandhumor,”saidWuXuejin,co-editorofthebook.“Heleftthereportersandthepublicwithastrongimpression.”Forexample,theformerpremieroncespokeaboutcorruption（腐败）,saying:“I’llprepare100coffins(棺材).Ninety-nineforthosecorruptofficialsandoneformyself.”YuGuoming,vice-deanoftheSchoolofJournalismandCommunicationatRenminUniversityofCh