高中英语人教版Unit2Workingtheland unit2periodone

FatherofHybridRice—YuanLongpingYuanLongping，aChinesescientist，wasborninYuangraduatedfromSouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953andsincethenhehasdevotedhimselftoagriculturaleducationandresearch.ProfessorYuanwasapioneerinhybridriceresearchandmaderemarkableachievementsinthisarea，firstdevelopinghybridriceintheachievementsofYuanLongpinggreatlysolvedthefoodshortage，andprovidedasolutiontotheworldwideisregardedasthefifthinventionafterChina’sFourMajorInventions，andisacclaimedastheSecondGreenRevolution.YuanLongpingwasthefirstpersontodevelophybridnewtechnologywastestedinmanyareasofSouthChinain1974and1975，andthenextendedtotheotherbecamethefirstcountrythatiscapableofproducinghybridLongpingisthefirstscientistwhosuccessfullyrealizedlarge­scalefarmingofhybridearnedhimthetitle“FatherofHybridRice”.HispioneeringworkinhybridricebreedingandproductiontechniqueshasrevolutionizedricecultivationinChina，establishingChina’sworldleadingpositioninhybridricepresent，thehybridricedevelopedbyYuanisplantedonthefarmlandsalloverChina，whichplayedanimportantroleinincreasingChina’sgrainincreasedharvestsmeanthat22%oftheworldpopulationarefedfromjust7%oftheworld’stotalfarmland.根据上文完成下列各题1．Whatishishybridricecalled?HishybridriceisregardedasthefifthinventionafterChina’sFourMajorInventions.2．WhatroledoeshishybridriceplayinChina?Hishybridricemadeitpossiblethat22%oftheworldpopulationarefedfromjust7%oftheworld’stotalfarmland.3．Doyouwanttobeascientistonfarminginthefuture?Giveyourreasons.Theanswersmayvary.PeriodOneWarmingUp&ReadingⅠ.单词1．n.数据；统计statistic十年；十年期decade产量；输出output庄稼；农作物crop饥饿；欲望hunger战斗；战役battle自由freedom谷物；粮食grain国籍nationality工作；职业occupation2．v.斗争；拼搏；努力struggle使变大；伸展expand循环；流传circulate装备；配备equip输出；出口export3．adj.晒黑的sunburnt特级的super引起烦恼的；令人不安的disturbingadv.因此；所以thereforeⅡ.短语1．幸亏；由于thanksto2．摆脱；去除rid...of3．宁愿；宁可wouldrather4．对……感到满意besatisfiedwith1．YuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.袁隆平种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。2．Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduce20%moreofthecropinthesamefields.这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获20%的产量。3．Usinghishybridrice，farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。4．Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。5．Heawokefromhisdreamwiththehopeofproducingakindofricethatcouldfeedmorepeople.他从梦中醒来，希望能种植一种可以养活更多人的水稻。1．Indeed，hissunburntfaceandarmsandhisslim，strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers，forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades.的确，他那被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身体，就跟其他千百万的中国农民一样，过去50年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。[归纳拓展]strugglevi.&n．斗争；拼搏；努力strugglewith与……斗争strugglefor为争取……而斗争struggleagainst与……斗争；为反对……而斗争struggletodosth.努力做某事struggletoone’sfeet挣扎着站起来[语境助记](1)Shestruggledtokeepbackthetears.她努力忍住泪水。(2)Itwasahardstruggletogetmyworkdoneontime.为使工作按时完成，我做了一番努力。(3)Lisastruggledwithherconsciencebeforetalkingtothepolice.跟警察谈话前丽莎与自己的良知作斗争。[题组训练](1)Theywerepoorandhadtostruggleforlife(为生活而挣扎)．(2)She’sstrugglingtosupportafamilyonherown(独自养活这个家庭)．(3)Hestruggledtohisfeet(挣扎着站起来)anddraggedslowlyahead.2．Atthattime，hungerwasadisturbingprobleminmanypartsofthecountryside.当时，饥荒是许多农村地区面临的令人焦虑的问题。[归纳拓展]hungern．饥饿；欲望；v.(使)饥饿；渴望haveahungerfor渴望hungerfor/after渴望得到disturbingadj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的disturbvt.打扰；使烦恼disturbedadj.烦恼的；不安的[语境助记](1)Hungeristhebestsauce.饥不择食。(2)Thegirlhasastronghungerforknowledge.这个女孩有强烈的求知欲。(3)Wordthatthewarwouldlastlongwasdisturbing.战争会持续很久的消息让人不安。(4)Itdisturbedhertorealizethatshewasalone.她意识到自己孤单一人，心里感到不安。[题组训练](1)Weallhungerforothers’understanding.我们都渴望得到别人的理解。(2)Nowadaysthewholeworldhasahungerforpeace.如今全世界渴望和平。(3)Itisverydisturbingthatwehaven’theardfromhim.我们没有收到他的信，这很令人不安。(4)Attimesthebalanceinnatureisdisturbed，resultinginanumberofpossibleunforeseeneffects.有时自然平衡被扰乱，导致了许多可能预料不到的结果。3．YuanLongpingsearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.袁隆平要在不增加土地面积的基础上寻求达到增收稻米的途径。[归纳拓展]expandv．使变大；伸展；扩大，扩展；增加expansionn．展开；膨胀；扩展o...将……扩展/发展成……expandon/upon详述；详细阐明[语境助记](1)Heisthinkingofexpandinghisbusiness.他正在考虑扩大他的生意。(2)Intenyearsthecity’spopulationexpandedby12%.十年之中，该市人口增加了百分之十二。[题组训练](1)Thewriterisexpandinghisstoryintoanovel.这位作家正把他的故事扩展成一本小说。(2)Couldyouexpandonthatpoint，please?请你把那一点详细说明一下好吗？4．Hethereforegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.于是，他拿出数百万元帮助其他人进行农业研究。[归纳拓展]equipvt.&vi.配备；装备equipmentn．装备；设备equipsb./用……武装某人；用……装备某物equipsb./为……而武装某人；为……而装备某物[语境助记](1)Theyequippedthemselvesfortheexpedition.他们为远征准备装备。(2)Agoodeducationshouldequipyouforlife.良好的教育能使你受用终生。(3)Therearealotofpiecesofequipmentinthegym.健身馆里有很多设备。[题组训练](1)Thesoldierswerewellequippedwith(装备)weapons.(2)Thislibraryisequippedfor(为……而装备)atomicresearch.(3)Ourclassroomisequippedwith(装备有)acomputerandataperecorder.(4)Allclassesofthisschoolareequippedwithmodernequipment.(equip)1．Thankstohisresearch，theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了些方法。[归纳拓展]thanksto幸亏；由于；因为。表示“由于”的短语还有：becauseof，owingto，dueto，onaccountof。ridsb./...使某人/某物摆脱……get/beridof摆脱；除去[语境助记](1)Thankstoyourhelp，Iamsuccessful.多亏了你的帮助，我成功了。(2)Youshouldridyourselfofthesmokinghabit.你应该改掉吸烟的习惯。(3)Ican’tgetridofthisheadache.我这头疼老也不好。[题组训练](1)Thankstothetimelyrain，thecropsweresaved.多亏了这场及时雨，庄稼得救了。(2)IfIruledtheworld，Iwouldridtheworldofwars.如果我统治了世界，我就会让世界消除战争。(3)Furthermeasureswillbetakentoridourstreetsofcrime.将采取进一步措施来防止街头犯罪。2．YuanLongpingisquitesatisfiedwithhislife.袁隆平很满意他的生活。[归纳拓展]besatisfiedwith＝becontentwith＝bepleasedwith对……感到满意besatisfiedtodo对做……感到满意toone’ssatisfaction令某人满意的是withsatisfaction满意地[语境助记](1)Areyousatisfiedwithhisanswer?你对他的答案满意吗？(2)EveryoneisquitesatisfiedwithLiuQian’sperformance.大家对刘谦的表演很满意。(3)Hewassatisfiedtowintherace.他对赢得比赛感到满意。[题组训练](1)Iamnotsatisfiedwithyourmustimproveit.我对你的工作不满意，你一定要改进。(2)Tomysatisfaction，Ihavepassedtheexamination.令我满意的是我通过了考试。(3)Shelookedbackonhercareerwithgreatsatisfaction.回顾自己的事业，她深感欣慰。3．Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。[归纳拓展]wouldrather宁愿；宁可(1)wouldrather的否定形式为wouldrathernot。(2)woulddoAratherthandoB/wouldratherdoAthandoB/prefertodoAratherthandoB，表示“宁愿做A也不愿做B”。(3)wouldrather后接动词原形或that从句。接从句时要用虚拟语气，即用一般过去时表示现在或将来要做的事，用过去完成时表示过去要做的事。[语境助记](1)HewouldratherstayathomewatchingTV.他宁愿待在家里看电视。(2)I’drathernotgothere.我宁愿不去那里。(3)Iwouldratheryouhadgonetherelastnight.我宁愿你昨晚去了那里。[题组训练]用所给词的适当形式填空(1)Iwouldratheryouknew(know)now，thanafterwards.(2)Ratherthanride(ride)onacrowdedbus，Iprefertowalk(walk)．(3)Shewouldratherdie(die)thanlose(lose)herchildren.4．YuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.袁隆平种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。[归纳拓展]what后引导的句子为宾语从句，做grow的宾语，what在从句中作主语。what引导的名词性从句相当于名词的作用，可作主语、宾语或表语，且what在从句中可用作主语、宾语或表语。[语境助记](1)Whatweneedispatience.我们需要的是耐心。(2)Theyarrivedinwhatwascalled“theNewContinent”．他们到达了一个叫“新大陆”的地方。(3)Thequestioniswhathewantstodonext.问题是他下一步想做什么。[题组训练]用适当的连接词填空(1)Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreatewhattheyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.(2)ManyyoungpeopleintheWestareexpectedtoleavewhatcouldbelife’smostimportantdecision—marriage—almostentirelyuptoluck.5．In1973，hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.1973年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。[归纳拓展]一般当中心词为序数词、最高级，thelast，theonly等或中心词被这类词修饰时多用不定式作定语。[语境助记](1)Hewasthefirstvolunteertocome.他是第一个来的志愿者。(2)Heisamongthebeststudentstodotheexperiment.他是做实验的最好学生之一。[题组训练]用所给词的适当形式填空(1)Heisthefirsttocome(come)andthelasttoleave(leave)．(2)Iamtheonlymantohear(hear)thenews.(3)Edisonwasthefirstscientisttobuild(build)amodernresearchanddevelopmentcentre.6．Usinghishybridrice，farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。[归纳拓展]本句中twiceaslargeas是表示倍数关系的一种句型，意为“是……的两倍”。常用的倍数的表达法还有：……倍数＋比较级＋than；……倍数＋the＋名词(size/length/width/height/weight)＋of。[语境助记]Thisriveristhreetimesaslongasthatone.Thisriveristwicelongerthanthatone.Thisriveristhreetimesthelengthofthatone.这条河是那条河的三倍长。[题组训练](1)句型转换Thewireisfourtimesaslongasthatone.Thewireisthreetimeslongerthanthatone.Thewireisfourtimesthelengthofthatone.(2)ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextAsianGameswillbethreetimesasbigas(3倍大)thepresentone.Heawokefromhisdreamwiththehopeofproducingakindofricethatcouldfeedmorepeople.句式分析：此句为复合句，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词akindofrice。自主翻译：袁博士从梦中醒来，希望能种植一种能养活更多人的水稻。Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Theyhadtostruggle(奋斗)fortheirlivesagainstbadweather.2．It’sverydisturbing(令人焦虑的)thattherehasbeenanincreaseincrimeinthelastsixmonths.3．Thesmallbusinesshasexpanded(扩大)intoalargemultinationalcompany.4．Irecommendthisbooktobewidelycirculated(传播)amongthestudents.5．Hefeltsatisfied(满意)athavingrealizedhisdream.Ⅱ.选词填空expandinto，thanksto，rid...of，besatisfiedwith，wouldrather，equip...with，strugglewith/against，circulate...to，export...to，inthehopeof1．Hewenttothecityinthehopeofmakingmoney.2．Hiscompanyhasexpandedintoabigoneaftertenyearsofhardwork.3．Youmustridyourselfoftheburdenofthesecret.4．We’llhavetoequipourofficewithwordprocessors，won’twe?5．Thankstotheteacher’sexplanation，it’scleartomenow.6．Shehasbeenstrugglingwith/againstillnessformanyyears.7．Thebadnewswascirculatedtohisfatheratlast.8．Nowadaysmanyteenagerswouldrathergetadvicefromstrangersonline.9．JapanexportselectricappliancestoEurope.10．Oneshouldn’tbesatisfiedwithonlyalittlesuccess.Ⅲ.句型转换1．Betterstaywithyoustaywithus，youaremuchsafer.Betterstaywithso，youaremuchsafer.2．Thatwasthewayhetreatedhisparents.Thatwashowhetreatedhisparents.3．TheweatherinKunmingismuchbetterthantheweatherinHarbin.TheweatherinKunmingismuchbetterthanthatinHarbin.4．Asshedidn’tknowthewaytothehospital，sheturnedtothepoliceforhelp.Notknowingthewaytothehospital，sheturnedtothepoliceforhelp.5．Theywenttothesupermarketonfootinsteadofbytaxi.Theywenttothesupermarketonfootratherthanbytaxi.6．Amoderncityhasbeensetupintheplacethatwasawastelandtenyearsago.Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwhatwasawaste­landtenyearsago.Ⅰ.课文理解1．Thetextismainlyabout.A．YuanLongping’sachievementsinfarmingB．YuanLongping’sdailylifeC．theworld’shungerproblemD．theworld’sriceproblem答案A2．IfYuanLongpingworkswithotherfarmersinthefield，itishardtotellhimfromothersbecause.A．heregardshimselfasafarmerB．heisreallylikeotherfarmersC．hewearssimpleclotheslikeotherfarmersD．peopledon’tknowwhoYuanLongpingis答案B3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthehobbiesof?A．Playingmah­jong.B．Swimming.C．Listeningtoviolinmusic.D．Listeningtorockandroll.答案D4．Themainideaofthelastparagraphisthat.A．YuanLongpingalwayshasalotofdreamswhensleepingB．dreamscanhelppeopleachievegreaterachievementsC．YuanLongping’sanotherdreamistoexporthisriceD．YuanLongpingprovesthatonedreamisnotalwaysenough答案B5．Fromthetext，wecanknowthat.A．YuanLongpingfoundawaytoincreasericeharvestsbyexpandingtheareaoffieldsB．YuanLongpingissatisfiedwithhislifebecauseheisfamousandrichC．inthe1950s，manypartsofthecountrysidewereshortoffoodD．hiswayofincreasingriceharvestsonlyworksinsomeAsiancountries答案CⅡ.课文缩写Famousscientistheis，YuanLongpingconsidershimselfgrowsiscalledsuperhybridayoungman，YuanLongpingsawthegreatneedforincreasingthericethattime，hungerwasa(disturb)probleminwantedtoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthe1973，aspecialstrainofricemadepossibletoproduce20%moreofthecropinthesamehisresearch，theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldof(hungry)．Usinghishybridrice，farmersareproducingharveststwiceas(large)asisnowcirculatinghisriceknowledgeinlessdevelopedcountriesincrease(increase)theirriceharvestsandhewantstoexporthisricesothatitcanbegrownaroundthehehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades，DrYuanisquitesatisfiedhishissparetime，heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic，playingmah­jong，swimmingandreading.Ⅲ.阅读理解ATwothingsIreallybelievein—savingmoneyandsavingtheplanet，andit’sevenbetterwhenIcandosomethingthataccomplishesbothatthesametime.Rainwaterharvestingisjustsuchathenearfuture，rainwaterharvestingwillbeascommonastwelve­year­oldgirlscarryingcellphones.ManycountriesalreadyrelyheavilyonBermuda，forexample，everybuildingonthesmallislandcollectstherainwaterfromitsroofandstoresitforlater，Americaisjustslightlybehindthecurve.Therearemanywaysyoucanbeginharvestingrainwaterandmostofthemareeasyandexample，userainbarrelstocollectthewaterthatwouldordinarilyrunoffofyour’dbesurprisedhowfastafifty­gallonbarrelwillfillwithfree，usablebuildingconstructionofferssomegoodwaystogatherrainwater，andthecostofinstallation(安装)isusuallyoffset(抵消)byreducedusageverydrainscanbepipedintoundergroundtanks，whereapumpcandrawitupasneeded.Therainwatercanevenbetreatedtomakeitdrinkable！Ifthatrainwaterwerenotcollected，butallowedtorunoveryourlawn，intothestreetandeventuallytoastormwatertreatmentfacility，itwouldpickupallsortsofpollutants(污染物)onitsjourney—fertilizersandpesticidesfromthegrass，motoroil，antifreezeandsuchfromtheroads，andwhoknowswhatelse.Dependingonwhereyoulive，thestormwatermaybepipedtoatreatmentplantoritmayruninnaturalchannelstoallownaturetoremovetheway，thetreatmentofstormwaterisyoureducetheamountofstormwaterrun­offfromyourhomeoroffice，youreducetheneedfortreatment.Waterisrapidlybecomingoneofourmostpreciousresourcesanditisnotasabundantasyoumaythink.1．Accordingtothepassage，harvestingrainwatercan.A．benefitpeopleeconomicallyandenvironmentallyB．promotethedevelopmentofeconomyandpeaceC．benefitourhealthandthesurroundingsaswellD．makeusliveabetterlifeinthenearfuture答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章首段可知，无论从经济还是环保的角度考虑，收集雨水都是非常有益的。2．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A．HarvestingrainwaterinAmericaisnotcommon.B．ThereisnoneedforAmericanstoharvestrainwater.C．Americansdon’tshowinterestinharvestingrainwater.D．Americanscan’tcollectrainwaterfromtheroofcorrectly.答案A解析推理判断题。由第三段可知，美国的情况与Bermuda的情况不同。由此可推知，在利用雨水这方面美国做得并不好，故选A项。3．Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A．Howtofixtheequipmentundertheground.B．Howtoreducethecostofnewequipment.C．Howtotakeadvantageoftherainwater.D．Howtoharvestrainwatereffectively.答案D解析主旨大意题。由第四段可知，该段主要讲述的是如何有效地收集雨水，故选D项。4．Whatisthebesttimeforustoharvestrainwatertodrink?A．Beforeitreachesourroofs.B．Afteritrunsoverourlawns.C．Afteritdropsfromtheroof.D．Afteritrunsintothestreet.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段和第五段可知，在雨水从房顶落下时收集，短时间内收集的量多，不仅收集效率高，而且更易于净化处理成可以饮用的水。BWhydomenliveashorterlifethanwomen？Thelatestresearchindicatesthatmen’sheartsgoingintoarapiddeclinewhentheyreachmiddleagecouldbethecause.Theresearchofageingonthehearthasshownthatwomen’slongevitymaybelinkedtothefactthattheirheartsdonotlosemuchpumpingpowerwithage.“Wehavefoundthatthepowerofthemaleheartfallsby20percent～25percentbetween20and70yearsofage，”saidtheheadofthestudy，SamanthaofLiverpoolJohnMooresUniversityintheUK.“Withinthehearttherearemillionsofcellswhichmakeittheagesof20and70，one­thirdofthosecellsdieandarenotreplacedinmen，”saidSamantha.“Thisispartoftheageing