英语专业八级历年真题及详解

英语专业八级历年真题及详解内容简介本书旨在帮助考生熟练掌握英语专业八级考试题型，并全面突破英语专业八级考试。本书收集了2005～2019年的英语专业八级考试真题，且每套试题均给出参考答案及详解。历年真题为考生提供了最好的复习依据，便于读者了解考题的命题特点和出题规律，答案详解则为考生分析了解题技巧，指明了解题思路。资料下载地址：/Ebook/962558.html来源：【弘博学习网】或关注公众号【弘博学习网】获取更多学习资料。TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2005)-GRADEEIGHT-TIMELIMIT:195MINPART

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LISTENINGCOMPREHENSION[30MIN]SECTIONA

MINI-LECTUREInthissectionyouwillhearamini-lecture.YouwillhearthelectureONCEONLY.Whilelistening,takenotesontheimportantpoints.Yournoteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompleteagap-fillingtaskafterthemini-lecture.Whenthelectureisover,youwillbegiventwominutestocheckyournotes,andanothertenminutestocompletethegap-fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONE.Usetheblanksheetfornotetaking.WritingaResearchPaper【答案与解析】(1)basicsteps(细节题。录音开始提到写论文与写普通文章时涉及到的许多基本步骤是一样的（Bothkindsofwritinginvolvemanyofthesamebasicsteps），所以可直接从讲座中得出答案basicsteps。)(2)rawmaterial(细节题。录音中提到论文的不同之处在于许多原始材料并不是来自你自己的头脑之中，而是来自一些出版材料，因此主要不同在于rawmaterial的来源不同，故答案为rawmaterial。)(3)head(细节题。根据录音，论文的不同之处在于许多原始材料并不是来自你自己的头脑之中，言外之意即普通文章的原始材料源于“head”。)(4)factsandopinions(细节题。文中提到，对于调查性论文而言，你得收集大量的关于一个话题的事实和观点，Inasurvey-typeresearchpaper,yougatherfactsandavarietyofopinionsonagiventopic.，故可知答案为factsandopinions。)(5)explain(细节题。从讲座中可知，“survey-typepaper”写作有三个要求，分别是“gatherfacts”“throughquotation”和“youexplain”。前两个题干中已提到，故本题答案为关于“survey-typepaper”的第三个方面“explain”。)(6)objective(细节题。文中提到“youtrytoprovidearepresentativesamplingoffactsandopinionstogiveanobjectivereportonyourtopic”。因此作者对论文的报道要客观objective。)(7)Purpose(细节题。文中提到“yourpurposemayvarywithyourtopic”，因此作者的目的应随话题的变化而变化，故答案为purpose，注意大写。)(8)asksomequestions(细节题。讲座的第二部分论述的是写报告的其中一个步骤——选题，本题针对选题时的一些准备提问。文中提到“Asyouthinkaboutyourtopic,askyourselfthesequestions”，因此决定一篇论文时应自问一些问题，演讲者并在下文具体讲述了这些问题究竟是什么。很容易得出答案askyourselfthesequestions，但是题目限制最多填入三个单词，故可填入asksomequestions。)(9)amanageablesize(细节题。演讲者在论述选题时要怎么做时，提出要问自己的四个问题，本题针对第三个问题——将话题缩小到一个自己可以控制的范围(cutthetopicdowntoamanageablesize)——设题。直接提取答案amanageablesize。)(10)thetopicitself(细节题。本题针对第四个问题设题。第四个问题开始演讲者就指出其主要内容“Whatquestionscanyouaskaboutthetopicitself?”，就论文本身写作者可提出什么问题，故可直接得出答案thetopicitself。)【录音原文】WritingaResearchPaperIthinkasseniors,youareoftenrequiredbyyourinstructorstodosomelibraryresearchonthistopicorthat.And,intheend,youhavetowritearesearchpaper,right?Thenwhatiswritingaresearchpaperlike?Howarewegoingtowriteone?Whatarethestepsinproducingaresearchpaperandwhatarethepointsweneedtotakecareof?Intoday’slecture,I’lltrytoanswerthesequestions.Firstofall,whatiswritingaresearchpaperlike?Wemaystartbycomparingittoanordinaryessay,aformofwritingyouareveryfamiliarwith.Writingaresearchpaperismuchlikewritinganessay.

[1]Bothkindsofwritinginvolvemanyofthesame

basicsteps.Thatis,choosingatopic,askingquestionstodefineanddevelopthetopic,identifyingtheaudience,gettingrawmaterialtoworkwith,outliningthepaper,writingit,and,finally,revisingit.Thesearethestepssharedbetweenresearchpaperwritingandessaywriting.Isthereanydifference,youmayask.Yes.

[2][3]

Whatmakesaresearchpaperdifferentisthatmuchofyour

rawmaterial

comesnotfromyourown

head,butfromprintedsources:mainlybooksandperiodicalsinthelibrary.Collectingrawmaterial,thatisreadingbooksandtakingnotes,isverymuchliketheprocessofbrainstormingattheprewritingstageofanordinaryessay.Generallyspeaking,therearetwobasictypesofresearchpapers,andapapermaybelongtoeithertype.Itmaybeasurveyoffactsandopinionsavailableonagiventopicorananalyticalargumentthatusesthosefactsandopinionstoproveapoint.Yourinstructormaytellyouwhichkindofpaperyouareexpectedtowrite.Ifnot,youyourselfshouldeventuallychoosebetweensurveyingandarguing.Youwillthenhaveadefinitewayofmanagingyoursources.Now,let’stakealookathowyouaregoingtowriteasurvey-typeresearchpaperoranargumentativeresearchpaper.

[4]Inasurvey-typeresearchpaper,yougather

factsand

avarietyof

opinions

onagiventopic.Youmakelittleattempttointerpretorevaluatewhatyoursourcessayortoproveaparticularpoint.Instead,throughquotation,summary,andparaphrase,youtrytoprovidearepresentativesamplingoffactsandopinions

[6]togivean

objective

reportonyourtopic.

[5]You

explain

theprosandconsofvariousattitudesoropinions,butyoudon’tsidedefinitelywithanyoneofthem.Whileinanargumentativeresearchpaper,youdoconsiderablymore.Youdonotsimplyquote,paraphrase,andsummarizeasyoudoinasurvey-typepaper.Youinterpret,question,compare,andjudgethestatementsyoucite.Youexplainwhyoneopinionissoundandanotherisnot;whyonefactisrelevantandanotherisnot;whyonewriteriscorrectandanotherismistaken.

[7]What’smore,yourpurposemayvarywithyourtopic.Youmaytrytoexplainasituationtorecommendacourseofaction,torevealthesolutiontoaproblem,ortopresentanddefendaparticularinterpretationofahistoricaleventoraworkof

art.

ButwhetherthetopicisspacetravelortrendsincontemporaryAmericanliterature,anargumentativeresearchpaperdealsactively–Isayitagain,actively–withthestatementsitcites.Itmakesthesestatementsworktogetherinanargumentthatyoucreate,thatis,toanargumentleadingtoaconclusionofyourown.[8]Inthenextpartofthelecture,I’dliketotalkaboutoneofthebasicstepsinwritingImentionedearlierinthelecture.Thatishowtochooseatopic.Choosingatopicforaresearchpaperisinsomewayslikechoosingatopicforanordinaryessay,buttherearesomedifferences.Asyouthinkaboutyourtopic,

askyourselfthesequestions:Questionnumberone:Doyoureallywanttoknowmoreaboutthistopic?Thisistheinitialquestionyouhavetoaskyourself,becauseresearchonanysubjectwillkeepyoubusyforweeks.Youcertainlydonotwishtowasteyourtimeonsomethingyouhavelittleinterestin.Youdoitwellonlyifyouexpecttolearnsomethinginterestingorimportantintheprocess.Questionnumbertwo:Areyoulikelytofindmanysourcesofinformationonthistopic?Youcannotwritearesearchpaperwithoutconsultingavarietyofsources.Ifonlyonesourceornoneatallisreadilyavailable,youshouldrethinkyourtopicorchooseanother.Questionnumberthree:

[9]Canyoucutthetopicdownto

amanageablesize?Bereasonableandrealisticaboutwhatyoucandoinashortperiod,say,twotofourweeks.Ifyourtopicis“TheAmericanRevolution”,you’llscarcelyhavetimetomakealistofbooksonyoursubject,letalonereadandanalyzethem.Sotrytofindsomethingspecific,suchas“TheRoleofThomasJeffersonintheAmericanRevolution”or“TheFranco-AmericanAlliance”Questionnumberfour:

[10]

Whatquestionscanyouaskabout

thetopicitself?Questionshelpyougetthetopicdowntoamanageablesize,discoveritspossibilities,andfindthegoalofyourresearch,thatis,thespecificproblemyouwanttoinvestigate.Supposeyouwanttowriteabouttheissueoffinancingacollegeeducation–Atopicnotonlycurrent,butalsodirectlylinkedtothelivesofmostcollegestudentsandtheirfamilies.Youcouldaskatleasttwoorthreepointedquestions:Howmuchdoeseducationalopportunitydependonfinancialstatus?Isfinancialaidgoingtothestudentswhoneeditmost?Howmuchshoulduniversitiesandcollegeschargetheirstudents?Youcanaskyourselfthesequestionsormoreasyoustartworkontheresearchpaper.Okay.Tosumup,intoday’slecture,we’velookedatsomeoftheissuesinresearchpaperwriting,likethebasicsteps,typesofresearchpaper,andhowtochooseatopic.Inournextlecture,we’llconcentrateonhowtoidentifytheaudience,howtoworkoutanoutline,andhowtoeditthedraft.SECTIONB

INTERVIEWInthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyourcoloredanswersheet.Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven10secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.Nowlistentotheinterview.1.WhatisthepurposeofProfessorMcKay’sreport?A.Tolookintothementalhealthofoldpeople.B.Toexplainwhypeoplehavenegativeviewsonoldage.C.Tohelpcorrectsomefalsebeliefsaboutoldage.D.Toidentifythevariousproblemsofoldage.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTProfessorMcKay’sview?A.Peoplechangeinoldagealotmorethanattheageof21.B.Thereareasmanysickpeopleinoldageasinmiddleage.C.Weshouldnotexpectmorephysicalillnessamongoldpeople.D.Weshouldnotexpecttofindoldpeopleunattractiveasagroup.3.AccordingtoProfessorMcKay’sreport,_____.A.familyloveisgraduallydisappearingB.itishardtocommentonfamilyfeelingC.morechildrenareindifferenttotheirparentsD.familyloveremainsasstrongasever4.ProfessorMcKayis_____towardsthetendencyofmoreparentslivingapartfromtheirchildren.A.negativeB.positiveC.ambiguousD.neutral5.TheonlypopularbeliefthatProfessorMcKayisunabletoprovideevidenceagainstis_____.A.old-agesicknessB.loosefamilytiesC.poormentalabilitiesD.difficultiesinmaths【答案与解析】1.C

细节题。录音中，女士提到，报告的目的是：lookintothevariousbeliefsthatpeopleholdaboutoldage并试图证实他们，随后，女士又指出，希望该报告能够帮助人们改变对变老的一些感受（changetheirfeelingsaboutoldage），综合可得出报告的目的是让人们改变对年老的错误观念。2.A

细节题。采访中女士用反问的语气提出“为什么要觉得人们在60或65岁时会突然改变（suddenlychange），而不是在21岁时突然改变？”，表明女士不赞同这一观点，A项符合。3.D

细节题。录音中女士提到“wehavefoundnothingthatsuggestsfamilyfeelingiseitherdryingordead”，由此可见这位女士认为家庭情感仍旧和以前一样强烈，故选D项。4.B

细节题。谈到对年轻人与老人分居的看法时，professorMcKay指出“it’sanexcellentarrangement”，可判断，她对此举持积极态度。5.D

细节题。录音结尾部分，professorMcKay谈到“无疑，随年龄的增长人们发现数学会越来越难”，她还指出，具体原因是什么，她自己也不清楚。所以D项正确。【录音原文】M:Today,we’veProfessorMcKayonourmorningtalkshow.Goodmorning,ProfessorMcKay.W:Goodmorning.M:I’veheardthatyouandyourteamhavejustcompletedareportonoldage.W:That’sright.M:Couldyoutellmewhatyourreportisabout?W:Well,thereportbasicallylooksintothevariousbeliefsthatpeopleholdaboutoldageandtriestoverifythem.M:Andwhatdoyouthinkyourreportcanachieve?W:

[1]Wehopethatitwillsomehowhelppeopletochangetheirfeelingsaboutoldage.Theproblemisthatfartoomanyofusbelievethatmostoldpeoplearepoor,lonely,andunhappy.Asaresult,wetendtofindoldpeople,asagroup,unattractive.Andthisisverydangerousforoursociety.M:Butsurelywecannotescapethefactthatmanyoldpeoplearelonelyandmanyaresick.W:No,wecan’t.Butwemustalsorememberthattheproportionofsuchpeopleisnogreateramongthe60-70agegroupthanamongthe50-60agegroup.M:Inotherwords,thereisnomorementalillness,forexample,amongthe60s-70sthanamongthe50s-60s.W:Right!Andwhyshouldtherebe?

[2]Whyshouldweexpectpeopletosuddenlychangewhentheyreachtheir60thor60thbirthdayanymorethantheydidwhentheyreachedtheir21st?M:Butonewouldexpecttheretobemorephysicalillnessamongoldpeople,surely.W:Whyshouldoneexpectthis?Afterall,thosepeoplewhoreachtheageof65or70arethestrongamongus.Theweakdiemainlyinchildhood,thenintheir40sand50s.Furthermore,bythetimepeoplereach60or65,theyhavelearnedhowtolookafterthemselves.Theykeepwarm,sleepregularhours,andeatsensibly.Ofcourse,someoldpeopledosufferfromphysicalillnesses,butthesedonotsuddenlydevelopontheir65thbirthday.Peoplewhoarehealthyinmiddleagetendtobehealthyinoldage,justasonewouldexpect.M:Doyoufindthatyoungpeoplethesedaysarenotasconcernedabouttheirparentsastheirparentswereabouttheirs?W:

[3]Wehavefoundnothingthatsuggeststhatfamilyfeelingiseitherdyingordead.Theredonotappeartobelargenumbersofyoungpeoplewhoaretrying,forexample,tohavetheirdearoldmotherlockedupinamentalhospital.M:Don’tmanymoreparentsliveapartfromtheirmarriedchildrenthenusedtobethecase?W:True,butthisisbecausemanymoreyoungfamiliescanaffordtoowntheirownhomesthesedaysthaneverbefore.Inotherwords,parentsandtheirmarriedchildrenusuallyliveinseparatehouseholdsbecausetheypreferitthatway,notbecausethechildrenrefusetohavemumanddadlivingwiththem.M:Isthisagoodthing,doyouthink?W:

[4]Ithinkthatit’sanexcellentarrangement.Weallliketokeeppartofourlivesprivate,evenfromthosewelovedearly.

[4]Icertainlydon’tthinkthatit’sasignoftheincreasedlonelinessofoldage.M:Arepeople’smentalabilitiesaffectedbyoldage?W:Certainchangesdotakeplaceaswegrowolder,butthishappensthroughoutlife.Thesechangesareverygradualandhappenatdifferenttimeswithdifferentpeople,but,ingeneral,ifyouknowapersonwellinhismiddleageandhaveseenhowhedealswitheventsandproblems,youwilleasilyrecognizehiminoldage.M:Sothatsomeonewhoenjoysnewexperiences,travel,education,andsooninhismiddleyearswillusuallycontinuetodosointooldage?W:Exactly.Wehavecarriedoutsomeveryinterestingexperimentsinwhichagroupofpeopleaged60-70andagroupaged30-40hadtolearnthesamethings.Thefirstthingwediscoveredwasthattheyounggrouptendstobequickeratlearningthantheoldgroup.However,althoughtheoldgrouptooklongertolearn,eventually,theyperformedaswellastheyounggroup.Andwhenwetestedthetwogroupsseveralweekslater,therewasagainnodifferencebetweenthetwogroups.M:That’sveryinterestingindeed.Whatelsedidyourexperimentsshow?W:Well,onegroupofoldpeopleagreedtoattendeveningclassesforayeartostudyEnglishandmathematics.Infact,mostofthisgroupbecamesointerestedintheirstudiesthattheycontinuedthemforanotheryear.Anyway,wediscoveredthattheydidbestintheEnglishclassesandthatmostofthemsteadilyimprovedtheirabilitytocommunicateinboththewrittenandthespokenlanguage.M:Whataboutthegroupwhostudiedmathematics?W:Well,that’sadifferentstory.

[5]Thereseemstobenodoubtthatpeoplefindmathsmoredifficultastheygrowolder.Though,whythisisso,Icannotsay.M:Perhapspocketcalculatorswillsolvethisproblem.W:Ithinkyou’reright.Infact,I’msurethatyouare.M:Okay.Timeforacommercial.Staytuned;we’llberightback.SECTIONC

NEWSBROADCASTInthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyourcoloredanswersheet.Question6isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.6.ScientistsinBrazilhaveusedfrogskinto_____.A.eliminatebacteriaB.treatburnsC.SpeeduprecoveryD.reducetreatmentcost【答案】B查看答案【解析】细节题。录音首句就提到“巴西科学家声称，找到了对付烧伤的新方法”，随后提出该新方法是“利用青蛙皮”，故选B项“巴西科学家利用青蛙皮治疗烧伤”。【录音原文】[6]ScientistsinBrazilclaimthey’vecomeupwithanewwayoftreatingburns.Thatis,withfrogskin.Researcherssayitischeapandeffective.Thefrogskinhascomponentsthatdiminishthegrowthofbacteria,makingthewoundhealfasterandreducingtheamountoftimethatpatienthastostayinhospital.ResearcherssaidthemethodhadalreadybeensuccessfullyusedinsomehospitalsinBrazil.Question7isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.7.WhatisNOTafeatureofthenewkaraokemachine?A.Itisfeaturedbyhightechnology.B.Itallowsyoutoimitatefamoussingers.C.Itcanautomaticallyalterthetempoandtoneofasong.D.Itcanbeplacedinspeciallydesignedthemerooms.【答案】D查看答案【解析】细节题。录音中提到新卡拉ok的特点有：采用了高新技术（high-tech），使年轻人能“singlikefamoussingers”（如著名歌唱家一样歌唱），并能“automaticallyadjustthespeedandtoneofanysong”（自动调整任何歌曲的速度和声调），D项的内容在文中未提到。【录音原文】Onceasourceofhigh-pitchedbusinessactivity,Japan’skaraokeindustryhassloweddown.Japanesehavelesstosingaboutamidsustainedeconomicproblems.Karaokefirmsarenowstrivingtodevelopnewideastoattractcost-consciouskaraokesingers.

[7]Theseincludeanew,high-techmachinethatallowspeopletosinglikefamoussingersandthemeroomsonsomeoftheAsiancartoonfigurestargetedatyoungercrowds.ThenewkaraokemachineisbeingdevelopedbyaprofessorfromtheUSMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.

[7]ThemachineusesatechnologycalledC-Soundthatautomaticallyadjuststhespeedandtoneofanysongbeingplayedtomatchthetempoandkeythesingerisusing.Thetempocanbeadjustedmanuallyonconventionalkaraokemachines,butthenewproductisthefirstmachinetodoitautomatically.Question8isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.8.China’sInternetusershadreached_____bytheendofJune.A.68millionB.8.9millionC.10millionD.1.5million【答案】A查看答案【解析】细节题。录音中明确指出“China’sinternetpopulationhit68millionbytheendofJune”，A项正确。【录音原文】TheChinaInternetNetworkInformationCentersaidthisweekthatthenation’sonlinecommunityisexpandingatarapidpace,with8.9millionusersaddedinthefirsthalfoftheyear,fromJanuarytoJune.

[8]China’sInternetpopulationhit68millionbytheendofJune,theworld’ssecond-largestfigureaftertheUnitedStates.Thefigurewas10millionattheendof2000and1.5millionin1997.“CyberspaceisaforcetobereckonedwithinChina,”saidChenHualin,aseniorInternetanalystattheChineseAcademyofSciences.Netizensbetweentheagesof18and30arethedrivingforce.Theyspend13hourseveryweeksurfingtheInternet,onaverage.Theirmajorpurposeisobtaininginformationorhavingfun.Atthesametime,only0.2percentlistedonlineshopping,e-business,andonlinelearningastheirmainactivity.AsthenumberofChina’sInternetusersgrows,sodoesthejunkmail.8.3e-mailsoutof16arejunkmailsonaverage.Question9and10arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.9.AccordingtotheWTO,Chineseexportsrose_____lastyear.A.21%B.10%C.22%D.4.73%10.Accordingtothenews,whichtradingnationinthetop10hasreporteda5percentfallinexports?A.TheUK.B.TheUS.C.Japan.D.Germany.【答案与解析】9.C

细节题。文中提到“China’sexportsjumped22percentlastyear”（中国的出口去年猛增了22%），故选C项。10.B

细节题。录音中在谈论位居世界前10名的国家贸易状况时，指出“theUnitedStates,sawitsexportsfall5percent”，故选A项。【录音原文】Chinahasestablisheditselfasoneoftheworld’sgreattradingnations,movingpasttheU.K.intothe5thplace.NewfiguresfromtheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)show

[9]Chineseexportsjumping22%lastyearto325.6billionUSdollars’worth,andimportsrising21%to295.2billionUSdollars’worth.Noothertradingnationinthetoptencameclosetothatlevelofgrowth.

[10]Theworldleader,theUnitedStates,sawexportsfall5%in2002fromthepreviousyear.Exportsbythird-rankedJapanrose3%whilesecond-rankedGermanyreporteda7%rise.Intheareaoftotaltradeflowsofjustover13.1trillionUSdollars,thetoptentradersaccountedfor7.4trillionUSdollars,or56%.TheUSshareis13.78%,whileChinahas4.73%.PART

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READINGCOMPREHENSION[30MIN]Inthissectiontherearefourreadingpassagesfollowedbyatotalof20multiple-choicequestions.ReadthepassagesandthenmarkyouranswersonyourColouredAnswerSheet.TEXTAIremembermeetinghimoneeveningwithhispushcart.Ihadmanagedtosellallmypapersandwascominghomeinthesnow.ItwasthatstrangehourindowntownNewYorkwhentheworkerswerepouringhomewardinthetwilight.Imarchedamongthousandsoftiredmenandwomenwhomthefactorywhistleshadunyoked.Theyflowedinriversthroughtheclothingfactorydistricts,thendownalongtheavenuestotheEastSide.ImetmyfathernearCooperUnion.Irecognizedhim,ahunched,frozenfigureinanoldovercoatstandingbyabananacart.Helookedsolonely;thetearscametomyeyes.Thenhesawme,andhisfacelitwithhissad,beautifulsmile—CharlieChaplin’ssmile.“Arch,it’sMikey,”hesaid.“Soyouhavesoldyourpapers!Comeandeatabanana.”Heofferedmeone.Irefusedit.Ifeltitcrucialthatmyfathersellhisbananas,notgivethemaway.HethoughtIwasshy,andcoaxedandjokedwithme,andmademeeatthebanana.Itsmelledofwetstrawandsnow.“Youhaven’tsoldmanybananastoday,pop,”Isaidanxiously.Heshruggedhisshoulders.“WhatcanIdo?Nooneseemstowantthem.”Itwastrue.Theworkcrowdspushedhomemoroselyoverthepavements.TherustyskydarkenedoverNewYorkbuilding,thetallstreetlampswerelit,innumerabletrucks,streetcarsandelevatedtrainsclatteredby.Nobodyandnothinginthegreatcitystoppedformyfather’sbananas.“Ioughttoyell,”saidmyfatherdolefully.“Ioughttomakeabignoiselikeotherpeddlers,butitmakesmythroatsore.Anyway,I’mashamedofyelling,itmakesmefeellikeafool.”Ihadeatenoneofhisbananas.MysickconsciencetoldmethatIoughttopayforitsomehow.Imustremainhereandhelpmyfather.“I’llyellforyou,pop,”Ivolunteered.“Arch,no,”hesaid,“gohome;youhaveworkedenoughtoday.JusttellmommaI’llbelate.”ButIyelledandyelled.Myfather,standingby,spokeoccasionalwordsofpraise,andsaidIwasawonderfulyeller.Nobodyelsepaidattention.Theworkersdriftedpastuswearily,endlessly;adefeatedarmywrappedindreamsofhome.Elevatedtrainscrashed;theCooperUnionclockburnedaboveus;theskygrewblack,thewindpoured,theslushburnedthroughourshoes.Therewerethousandsofstrange,silentfigurespouringoverthesidewalksinsnow.Noneofthemstoppedtobuybananas.Iyelledandyelled,nobodylistened.Myfathertriedtostopmeatlast.“Nu,”hesaidsmilingtoconsoleme,“thatwaswonderfulyelling.Mikey.Butit’splainweareunluckytoday!Let’sgohome.”Iwasfrantic,andalmostintears.Iinsistedonkeepingupmydesperateyells.Butatlastmyfatherpersuadedmetoleavewithhim.11.“Unyoked”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_____.A.sentoutB.releasedC.dispatchedD.removed12.WhichofthefollowinginthefirstparagraphdoesNOTindicatedcrowdsofpeople?A.Thousandsof.B.Flowed.C.Pouring.D.Unyoked.13.Whichofthefollowingisintendedtobeapairofcontrastinthepassage?A.Hugecrowdsandlonelyindividuals.B.Weatherconditionsandstreetlamps.C.Clatteringtrainsandpeddlers’yells.D.Movingcrowdsandstreettraffic.14.WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTsuitabletodescribethecharacteroftheson?A.Compassionate.B.Responsible.C.Shy.D.Determined.15.Whatisthethemeofthestory?A.Themiseryofthefactoryworkers.B.Howtosurviveinaharshenvironment.C.Generationgapbetweenthefatherandtheson.D.Lovebetweenthefatherandtheson.16.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefatherandtheson?A.Indifferent.B.Sympathetic.C.Appreciative.D.Difficulttotell.【文章大意】文章以第一人称描写了风雪天气中纽约街头一对父子卖香蕉的情景，起初父亲因为觉得尴尬不好意思叫卖，儿子为了帮助父亲，主动卖力的叫卖，虽然如此，但是最后还是一个香蕉也没卖出去。作者用一系列表现手法突出了父子之间的相互关爱，他们虽然处境艰难但是却互相扶持，作者对这对父子充满了同情。【答案与解析】11.B

词义理解题。前文提到的“夜幕降临，大批工人往家赶”可知他们已从工厂下班了，由此可推断“whomthefactorywhistleshadunyoked”指的是工人们可以从工厂的哨声中解放出来了。release“解放，释放”，与unyoke意思接近。12.D

词义理解题。根据上题可知，unyoked是“解除束缚”的意思，并不表示人多。flowed和pouring都有“人流如潮”的意思，thousandsof也突显出“人潮拥挤”之意。故选D项。13.A

推理题。文中第一段提到“theworkerswerepouringhomewardinthetwilight”“thousandsoftiredmenandwomen”，夜幕降临，数以千计的工人匆忙往家赶。第二段中“Irecognizedhim,ahunched,frozenfigureinanoldovercoatstandingbyabananacart.Helookedsolonely...”由此可见穿着破旧外套的父亲独自站在香蕉摊旁，很是孤单。汹涌的人潮与形单影只的父亲形成鲜明对比，故选A。其他选项“天气状况”和“街灯”；“咔嗒的火车”和“小贩的叫卖”；“移动的人流”和“街道上的交通”都无法构成对比。14.C

细节题。文中倒数第三段提到“Iyelledandyelled”，儿子在街头帮父亲叫卖，表明并不是一个腼腆的人，故C项不合文意。倒数第六段提到“MysickconsciencetoldmethatIoughttopayforitsomehow.Imustremainhereandhelpmyfather.”，年迈的父亲在街头卖香蕉，现在又免费吃了父亲的香蕉，良心因此不安，于是决定帮助父亲，可看出儿子富于同情心和责任感；文中最后一段提到“Iinsistedonkeepingupmydesperateyells.”，虽然到最后一直无人问津他们的香蕉，但他仍然坚持叫卖，可看出儿子十分有决心。15.D

主旨题。文中提到当儿子看到身着破旧大衣的父亲独自一人站在大街上卖香蕉，“thetearscametomyeyes”不禁泪眼盈眶。儿子没有回家，帮父亲在街头叫卖。另一方面，父亲看到儿子时“hisfacelitwithhissad,beautifulsmile-CharlieChaplin’ssmile”露出微笑，我叫卖时父亲“spokeoccasionalwordsofpraise”不时得表扬一下儿子，最后父亲说服儿子回家。通过一系列的细节描写可见父子之间的深情。16.B

观点态度题。纵览全文，作者描写了父亲破旧的穿着，卖不出香蕉时难过的表情，独自站在街头的孤单；另外又描述儿子看到父亲时的心理活动，良心受谴责帮父亲卖香蕉，但是这样的叫卖却是徒劳的，根本没有路人驻足看一下他们的香蕉，由此可见父子两人的遭遇很是悲惨，也透露出了作者对父子俩的深切同情。故选B项。【题海拾贝】①unyoke

vt.

卸下，解开②coax

vi.

哄骗，劝诱③morosely

adv.

愁眉苦脸地；忧郁地④innumerable

adj.

无数的，数不清的⑤hunched

adj.

缩成一团的，驼背的⑥dolefully

adv.

悲哀地，寂寞地⑦frantic

adj.

狂乱的，疯狂的TEXTBWhenformerPresidentRonaldReaganfellandbrokehishipattheageof89,hejoinedagroupofmorethan350,000elderlyAmericanswhofracturetheirhipseachyear.SufferingfromadvancedAlzheimer’sdisease,Reaganwasinoneofthehighest-riskgroupsforthistypeofaccident.Theincidenceofhipfracturesnotonlyincreasesafterage50,butdoubleseveryfivetosixyearsastheriskoffallingincreases.Slippingandtumblingarenottheonlycausesofhipfractures;weakenedbonessometimesbreakspontaneously.Butfallingisthemajorcause,representing90%ofallhipfractures.Theseinjuriesarenottobetakenlightly.AccordingtotheAmericanAcademyofOrthopedicSurgeons,only25%ofthosewhosufferhipfractureseverfullyrecover;asmanyas20%willdiewithin12months.Evenwhenpatientsdorecover,nearlyhalfwillneedacaneorawalkertogetaround.Whenitcomestohipfractures,themostdangerousplaceforelderlyAmericans,itturnsout,istheirhomes;nearly60%ofthesedangerousspillswilloccurinoraroundthepatient’sdomicile.Thisisn’tallbadnews,however,becauseafewmodificationscouldpreventalotofaccidents.Thefirstthingtodoistogetridofthosethrownrugsthatlinehallwaysandentrances.Theyoftenfoldoverorbunchupturningthemintobodytrapsforanyoneshufflingdownthehall.Enteringandleavingthehouseisaparticularlyhigh-riskactivity,whichiswhysomeexpertssuggestremovinganydoorsillshigherthan1/2in.Ifthestepsarebare