人教版初一英语下册各单元知识点总结

10人教版初一英语下册各单元学问点总结Unit1Canyouplaytheguitar?一、单词与词组Join:表示“参与，参加”，此处指参与社团或组织，成为其中的成员。Jointhearmy参军jointheNBA参加美国篮球协会Jointheart/sports/music/English/chessclub参与体育/音乐/英语/象棋俱乐部play

乐器类+the playtheguitar/theviolin/thedrums/thepiano非乐器类+the playsoccer/basketball/volleyball/football/tennis/badminton〔英式足球/篮球/排球/英式足球，美式橄榄球/网球/羽毛球〕Begoodat+sth./doingsth.擅长做某事Begoodwith 与…相处得好Begoodto对…友好=befriendlytoBegoodfor 对…有好处Liketodosth.特指某一次的动作；likedoingsth. 强调经常性的爱好。两者都表示宠爱做某事，在仅仅表达“宠爱”时两者可以通用。LikeTell:Tellstories 讲故事tellsb.sth./todosth./nottodosth.告知某人某事/不要做某事Help:Helpsb.todosth./helpsb.withsth./helpsb.dosth.帮助某人做某事Helpyourself/sb.(tosth.)把某物(尤其是指食物,饮料等)拿给自己/某人can”thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事Callate.g.CallMr.Brownat293-7742Home:1.home是副词，表示目的地。e.g.1)Whendoyougohomeeveryday?你每天什么时候回家？2)Hedriveshomeafterwork.他下班的开车回家。3)Sheoftendoessomeshoppingonhiswayhome.她经常在回家途中买些东西。2.athome表示静态概念。意思是“在家”。这里的home是名词，表示具体地点。e.g.1)Issheathome?她在家吗？2)Helefthisbookathome.他把书放在家里了。Gohome回家 gethome到家 athome在家Also也，而且；较正式，用于确定句，紧跟动词。也e.g.IcanspeakEnglishandIcanalsospeakChinese.我能说英文也能说中文。也TooE.g.Metoo.EitherShow多用于否认句，放在句末。E.g.Hehasn’tfinished,either.他也没有完成。EitherShowsb.sth./showsth.Tosb.呈现给某人看Showtime作秀时间，表演开头 talk show 脱口秀〔美国脱口秀节目〕Unit2Whattimedoyougotoschool?时间连词：when=while当…时 then然后 afterthat在那之后at+时间点/sb.dosth.atabout时间点forbreakfast/lunch/dinner…睡觉gotobed=gotosleep睡觉takeatap 午休，小睡一会儿反：getup起床Time表时间，不行数；表次数，可数。TimeSometimes几次sometimes有时sometime一段时间sometime某个时候Ittastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来/摸起来〔含被动意味，但不能用被动语态〕tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels+like尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来/摸起来像…either…or…二选一neither…nor…两者都不“就近原则“。e.g.EitheryouorIamgoingtheretomorrow.明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。Neitherdadnormumisathometoday.今日父母都不在家。Heree.g.Hereitis! Herehecomes. (代词不倒装)Hereisyourticket.Herecomesthebus.〔名词倒装〕关于时间的问法关于时间的问法when提问,“什么时候”可以是较长的时间段，也可以是较短的时间点①Whenisyourbirthday? 你的生日是什么时候？②MybirthdayisDec.29th. 1229日。这里就是指一天的时间段①Whendoyougohome? 你几点回家？②Igohomeat4:30p.m. 4：30回家.when问的是具体的时间。具体几点我们通常用whattime提问①Whattimeisitnow?现在几点了？or What’sthetime? 几点了？It’s9:26. 现在九点二十六。②Whattimeisitbyyourwatch? 你手表几点了？It’s8:36.Oh,It’s50minuteslate 8:3650分钟。③Whattimedoyougetup? 你几点起床？Igetupat6:00a.m. 6点起床。Unit3Howdoyougettoschool?manystudents是单指学生数量多，侧重数量manyofthestudents是指学生中很多一局部，强调局部tootoo…太…toomuch意为“太多”，+不行数名词/+动词。e.g.Ihadtoomuchhouseworktodoyesterday.昨天我有太多的家务活要干。Shetalkstoomuch.她说话太多。muchtoo意思是“过分，太”，隐含了过分而不恰当之意，muchtoo+形容词或副词，不+动词。e.g.Thequestionismuchtoodifficult.这道题太难了。You’rewalkingmuchtoofast.你走得太快了。too…to…太…而不能….e.g.Youarenevertooyoungtostudy.同：so…that…太…以至于…e.g.Theriverrunstooquicklyforboats.=Theriversunstooquicklytorowaboat.=Theriverrunssoquicklythatpeoplecan’trowaboattoacrosstheriver.Unit4Don’teatinclass.一、词组schoolrules学校规章制度breaktherules违反规章制度maketherules制定规章..inthehallways在过道inthemusicroom在音乐教室里inthedininghall在餐厅beinbed在床上 belatefor…迟到listentomusic听音乐washmyclothes洗衣服makedinner做饭havetodo不得不做toomany+名词复数;toomuch+不行数名词“太多”byteno’clock十点之前onschoolnights上学的晚上onweekends在周末gotothechildren’spalace去少年宫afterschool放学后 sportsshoes运动鞋 gymclass体育课二、句型Don’tarrivelateforclass.Wecan’tlistentomusicinthehallways,butwecanlistentoitoutside.(3)--Whatelsedoyouhavetodo?--Wehavetocleantheclassroom.(4)--Canwewearhatsinschool?--Yes,wecan/No,wecan’t.(5)--Doyouhavetowearauniformatschool?--Yes,wedo/No,wedon’t.(6)Whataretherulesatyourschool?(7)重难点精析：祈使句通常用来表示命令、恳求、制止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语you(听话人)通常省略。其构成通常有以下几种形式。祈使句１〕Be型〔即系动词原型be+表语＋其他〕。如：Bequiet,please.否认句Don’t+be+表语+其他。如：Don’tbeangry.２〕Do型〔即系动词原形＋宾语＋其他〕。如：Openyoubooks,please.否认句Don’t+实义动词原形+宾语+其他。如：Don’teatintheclassroom.３〕Let型〔即Let+宾语+动词原形+其他〕如：Letmehelpyou.Let’sgoatsixo’clock.否认句一般在宾语后加not。如：Let’notwatchTV.４〕No+V-ing型〔此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中，意为“制止做某事“〕如：Nosmoking! 严禁吸烟！Notalking!不许交谈！Nopassing! 制止通行！Noparking! 不许停车！Must与haveto1.must表主观看法，主观上的必要haveto表客观需要e.g.Mybrotherwasveryill,soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemiddleofthenight. 我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)Hesaidthattheymustworkhard.他说他们必需努力工作。〔主观上要做这件事〕haveto有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。在否认构造中：don”thaveto表示“不必“；mustn”t表示“制止“。e.g.Youdon”thaveto(needn’t没必要)tellhimaboutit.你不肯定要把此事告知他。OntimeYoumustn”t〔can’t不能〕tellhimaboutit.你肯定不要把这件事告知他。IntimeOntimee.g.Wewerejustintimefor(tocatchthebus.我们准时赶上了公车。Thetrainpulledinontime.车准时到站。Unit5Whydoyoulikepandas?一、词组wanttodosth.想要做某事wantsbtodosth想要某人做某事wantsth想要某物Letsbdosth让某人做某事Kindkindof有几分\种类 akindof一种…(all)kindsof各种各样的=variousofliketodosth/likedoingsth 宠爱做某事 playwith…与...一起玩duringtheday在白天 atnight在夜间二、句型与日常交际用语1、-whydoyoulikepandas?/-Whydosehelikekoalas?-Becausethey’rekindofinteresting.2Whydoyouwanttoseethelions?Becausethey’re3、-Wherearelionsfrom?-LionsarefromSouthAfrica.4、-What(other)animalsdoyoulike?-Ilikeelephants.Thisisasymbolofgoodluck. …的象征Haveagoodmemorylikeanelephant.形容记忆力好7.-Howoldareyou?=What’syourage?–I’mtenyearsold./I’mten.8.-Doyoulikegiraffes?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon’tmakeof与makeof与makefrommakeof看得出原材料，物理变化；makefrom看不出原材料，化学变化。e.g.Wemustsavetreesandnotbythingsmadeofivory(象牙).Thepaperismadeofwood.Theother,others,another,other的区分other可作形容词或代词，做形容词时，意思是“别的，其他”，泛指“其他的〔人或物Doyouhaveanyotherquestion(s)?Asksomeotherpeople.Putitinyourotherhand.把它放在你另一只手里。Hehastwodaughters.Oneisanurse,theotherisaworker.他有两个女儿，theother后可加单数名词，也可加复数名词，此时的otherOntheothersideofthestreet，thereisatalltree.在街道的另一Maryismuchtallerthantheothergirls.玛丽比其他的女孩高得多。Helivesontheothersideoftheriver.他住在河的对岸。othersother的复数形式，泛指“另外几个”，“其余的”。在句中可作主语、Someofuslikesinginganddancing,othersgoinforsports.我们一些人宠爱Givemesomeothers,please.请给我别的东西Therearenoothers.没有别的了。theothers〔人或物是theotherTwoboyswillgotothezoo,andtheotherswillstayathome.theothers=theother复数名词，这2条中已经有所介绍。another=another，既可作形容词，也可作代词，只能用于三个或更多的人或物，泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。如：havethreedaughters.Oneisanurse,anotherisateacherandanotherisaworker. 我有三个女儿。一个是护士，另一个是教师，还有一个是工人。Let’sdosth,let’s=letus让我们做……人称代词用宾格 Let’s之后跟动词原形。Let’sseethepanda.我们看熊猫吧。Let’sgo!我们走吧！Unit6I’mwatchingTV.一、词组doone’shomework做家庭作业 watchTV看电视 eatdinner吃饭；就餐cleantheroom清扫房间 talkonthephone谈天thanksfor+n/doing为某事感谢某人 goshopping/swimming去购物/游泳atthepool在游泳池 atschool在学校 inthetree在树上readnewspaper/abook 看报纸／看书 writealetter写信gotothemovies=gotothecinema=watchamovie 看电影 takephotos拍照waitfor等待；等候 TVshow电视节目talkabout谈论…e.g.Whatareyoutalkingabout?someof…中的一些 aphotoofmyfamily我的家庭照bewith和……一起 withsb和某人在一起inthefirst/lastphoto在第一张/最终一张照片二、句型与日常交际用语1.-What+be+主语+doing?正在做什么？-主语＋bedoing… …正在做某事2.-Hereare/is…例：Herearesomeofmyphotos./Hereisaphotoofmyfamily.3.-Doyouwanttogotothemovies?-Sure.4.-Whendoyouwanttogo?-Let’sgoatseven.5.-Wheredopeopleplaybasketball?-Atschool.6.-What’shewaitingfor?-He’swaitingforabus.7.-What’shereading?-He’sreadinganewspaper.8.Can+do(动词原形) 可以…e.g.Youcanseemyfamilyathome.三、语法——现在进展时现在在进展时的形式：助动词be(am,is,are)+动词-ing形式〔也叫现在分词〕，表示现在〔说话的瞬间〕正在进展或发生的动作。现在进展时确实定句形式：主语+be(am,is,are)+动词现在分词+其他例：I’mwatchingTV.现在进展时的否认句形式：主语+be(am,is,are)+not+动词现在分词+其他例：Theyarenotplayingsoccer.现在进展时的一般疑问句形式及答复：——Is(am,are)+主语+动词现在分词+其他?——Yes,主语+is/am/are.No,主语+isn’t/aren’t/amnot.例：Areyoureading?Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他?例：Whatisyourbrotherdoing?Unit7It’sraning!一、词组playcomputergames打电子玩耍lieonthebeach躺在沙滩上playbeachvolleyball打沙滩排球inthisheat在酷暑中inpicture在图片里onvacation度假 onthebeach在海边aroundtheworld世界各地=allovertheworldbesurprisedatsth./sb.对某人或某人感到惊异berelaxed放松=feelrelaxed haveagoodtime玩得很痛快indifferentkindofweather 在不同的天气里thanksbfor(doing)sth由于某事而感谢某人some…others…一些…另一些… agroupofpeople一群人lookatsbdoing/dosth看某人正在做某事/做了某事〔事情的全过程〕everyone后只接人不跟of,相当于everybody;everyone后跟人或物，可跟of。e.g.Everyoneishere.每个人都在这。Everyoneofthestudentslikestheteacher.每位学生都很宠爱这个教师。二、句型／日常交际用语(1)-How’stheweather(+地点)? -It’srainy./It’scoldandsnowing.(2)-What’stheweatherlike?-Theweatherthereisveryhot.(3)-How’sitgoing(withsb.)?某人最近怎样。/Howwasyourtrip?-Great./Notbad./Terrible/Prettygood!(4)ThanksyouforjoiningCCTV’sAroundtheWorldshow!(5)-IsAuntWangthere? -Yes,sheis/No,sheisn’tTherearemanypeoplehereonvacation.Seeyoulater./Seeyousoon.之后见/很快见Myphoneisn’tworking.我的坏了。Unit8Isthereapostofficenearthere?一、词组postoffice邮局 payphone投币式公用 nextto在...隔壁acrossfrom在...对面infrontof在...前面between…and… 在...和...之间onastreet 在街上intheneighborhood在四周 ontheright/left 在右边／在左边behind…在…后面onGreenstreet在格林街上 near…在…四周gostraight始终走 godown(along)…沿着...走 …欢送enjoy+名词/doing宠爱做某事 havefun过得开心onone’sright/left在某人的右边／左边turnright/left向右／左转takeawalk闲逛thewayto…去...的路letsbdosth让某人做某事takeataxi打的／乘出租车gothrough...穿过..haveagoodtrip旅途开心=haveagoodtime.玩的快活，过得开心arriveat〔小地方〕/in〔大地方〕到达atthebeginningof在...开头的时候attheendof在...完毕的时候hopetodosth/that/forsth〔不行以用hopesb.todosth.〕helpsb.todosth./sb.sth.帮助某人某事infrontof与inthefrontof的区分infrontof就是指在某物的前方；inthefrontof是指在某物的内部靠前的地方。e.g.sitinthefrontoftheclassroom.指坐在教室前排的。sitinfrontoftheclassroom指坐在教室前面(教室外面的前面)。Itcostsb.st.todosth./somemoeysb.spendtimeonsth./(in)doingsth./sb.spendsomemoney.花费时间/金钱做某事二、句型。1、Istherea….?句型．Eg:-Excuseme.Isthereahotelin/neartheneighborhood.-Yes,thereis.No.thereisn’t2、Whereis…?句型．Eg:-Whereisthepark,please?-It’sbehindthebank.(确定答复)-I’msorryIdon’tknow.(否认答复)3、Whichisthewayto+地点?句型.如：Whichisthewaytothelibrary?4、HowcanIgetto +地点?句型.如：HowcanIgettotherestaurant?5、Canyoutellmethewayto+地点？/Couldyoupleasetellme句型.如：Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?6、Letmetellyouthewaytomyhouse.7、Justgostraightandturnleft.三、日常交际用语1、Isthereabanknearhere? Yes,thereis.It’sonCentreStreet. /No,thereisn’t.2、Where’sthesupermarket? It’snexttothelibrary.3、BridgeStreetisagoodplacetohavefun.4、Ihopeyouhaveagoodtrip.5．Ifyouarehungry,youcanbuyfoodintherestaurant.6、Talkawalkthoughthepark..7、IknowyouarearrivingnextSunday.我知道你下周日要来。8、Timegoesby./timegoesquickly.时间消逝/时间消逝得飞速Unit9Whatdosehelooklike?一、词组curly/short/straight/longhair卷／短／直发ofmediumheight/build中等高度／身体alittlebit+形容词一点儿… apopsinger 一位流行歌手bepopularwithsb 在…流行 not…anymore 不再good-looking 好看 wearglasses 戴眼镜 haveanewlook 呈现面貌thecaptainofthebasketballteam 篮球队队长Nobodyknowsme 没有人生疏我二、句型1〕--Whatdoeshelooklike?--He’sreallyshort.Hehasshorthair./Heisofmediumbuild.2〕DoyouknowIhaveanewfriendinClassFive？3〕--Shehasbeautiful,longblackhair.--Idon’tthinkhe’ssogreat.stopdoing(sth):Hestoplistening--Sheneverstopstalking.stoptodo(sth):Hestopstolisten.Icangoshoppingandnobodyknowsme.-Ishetallorshort?–He’sofmediumheight.Hehaslongstraightbrownhair.描述挨次：外形大小〔long/short〕-年龄-颜色-国籍Unit10I’dlikesomenoodles.一、词组wouldlike+n/todo想要alarge/medium/smallbowlof大碗/中碗/小碗whatsize什么尺寸orangejuice桔汁 greentea绿茶whatkindof表示….的种类 akindof一种…somekindof很多种…abowlofrice一碗米饭 abottleoforangejuice一瓶桔子汁(不行数)threeoranges三个桔子(可数) somechicken一些鸡肉(不行数)threechickens三只小鸡(可数)gongbaochicken 宫爆鸡丁 mapotofu麻婆豆腐cutup切碎 cutdown砍下 cutoff 切断 cutout切掉二、句型１〕Whatkindof…wouldyoulike?你想要…?２〕--Whatsizebowlofnoodleswouldyoulike?--Ilikeasmallbowlofnoodles.３〕Wehavelarge,medium,andsmallbowls.４〕Ilikedumplings,Idon’tlikenoodles.三、日常交际用语１〕--CanIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?/MayItakeyourorder?--I’dlikesomenoodles.please.２〕--Whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?--I’dlikemuttonandpotatonoodles.Please.３〕--Wouldyoulikeacupofgreentea?--Yes,please./No,thankswouldlike后面还可以跟不定式.即:A:wouldliketodosth.想要做某事Hewouldliketoseeyoutoday.B:wouldlikesb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事Whatwouldyoulikemetodo.If If引导的条件状语从句主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。e.g.Ifheorsheblows)outallthecandlesinonego,thewishwil〔主句comeIfitdoesn’t〔从句〕rain,wewill〔主句〕playbasketball.Itit作形式主语。构造：it+be(is/was)+〔forsb.〕+todosth.〔对某人来说〕做某事怎么样Ite.g.It’sgettingmoreandmorepopulartohavecakeonyourbirthday.=Itbecomesmoreandmorepopularthatpeoplehavecakeontheirbirthday.Unit11Howwasyouweekend?一、词组dosomereading 阅读 studyforthe(math)test 预备〔数学〕考试haveaparty/dosomesports 做运动 practice+n/doing 练习…whataout/Howabout+n/doing 做什么怎么样 stayathome 呆家里gotosummercamp 去夏令营 goshopping 去购物gotothebeach/pool 去沙滩/游泳 gotothemountains 去爬山lastmonth 上个月 threedaysago 三天前yesterday 昨天 thedaybeforeyesteday前天 thedayaftertomorrow后天lookfor 查找lookafter照看，看管 lookout(for)留神，留意 lookup查找goforawalk 闲逛inthemorning/afternoon/evening 在早上／在下午／在晚上onSundaymorning 在某个具体一天的上午、下午用介词onplaycomputergames 玩电脑玩耍spendmoney/timeonsth/(in)doingsth 花费…做…watchsbdo/doingsth 看某人做了某事/正在做某事二、句型１〕Ivis