Unit 6 语法讲练【知识精讲+拓展延伸】 九年级 英语教材精讲课件（人教版）

人教新目标九年级上册Unit6Whenwasitinvented?Unit6Whenwasitinvented?SectionA

GrammarFocus—4c语法课公开课

Talkaboutthefollowinginventionsusingthepatterns:A:Whenwasitinvented?

B:Itwasinventedin1976.A:Whowasitinventedby?B:ItwasinventedbySteven.A:Whatisitusedfor?B:Itisusedfor...RevisionReviewChina_______________tea.It__________inmanydifferentareas.Forexample,AnxiandHangzhou_______________fortheirtea.Teaplants__________onthe_____ofmountains.Whentheleavesareready,they____________________andthen__________for_________.Thentea__________and_____tomanydifferentcountriesandplacesaroundChina.It_____thatmanypeople____________________drinkChinesetea.aregrownsidesarepickedbyhand

aresentprocessingallovertheworldisfamousforisproducedarewidelyknownispackedsentseemsGrammarFocusWhenwasthezipperinvented?Itwasinventedin1893.Whowasitinventedby?ItwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.WhenwasteabroughttoKorea?ItwasbroughttoKoreaduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Whatisthehotice-creamscoopusedfor?It’susedforservingreallycoldice-cream.ActiveVoice:AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.PassiveVoice:Thetelephonewasinvented(byAlexanderGrahamBell)in1876.Readthesentencesandtranslatethem.PracticeFillintheblanksaccordingtogrammarfocus.1.拉链是什么时候被发明的？___________thezipper________?2.它于1893年被发明。It_______________in1893.3.它是由谁发明的？___________itinvented______?4.是由惠特科姆•贾得森发明的。It________________WhitcombJudson.5.茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜的？__________tea_________toKorea?6.是在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜的。It____________toKorea________the6thand7thcenturies.7.热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？What___thehotice-creamscoop_________?8.它用来盛很凉的冰淇淋。It’s_________________reallycoldice-cream.9.贝尔于1876年发明了电话机。AlexanderGrahamBell_________thetelephonein1876.10.电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。Thetelephone________________AlexanderGrahamBellin1876.

WhenwasinventedwasinventedWhowasbywasinventedbyWhenwasbroughtwasbroughtduringisusedforusedforservinginventedwasinventedbyRevisionCompletethesentencesaccordingtotheChineseandpictures:Thecars______________in1885.汽车在1885年被发明。Flowers___________inthegardenlastyear.去年鲜花被种在花园里。Theman________tothehospitalanhourago.一小时前那个人被送到医院去了。wereinventedwereplantedwassent1.AlexanderGrahamBell于1876年发明了电话机。AlexanderGrahamBell_________thetelephonein1876.2.电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。Thetelephone______________________AlexanderGrahamBellin1876.inventedwasinventedbyActiveVoicePassiveVoiceGrammarFocusWhenwasthezipperinvented?Itwasinventedin1893.Whowasitinventedby?ItwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.WhenwasteabroughttoKorea?ItwasbroughttoKoreaduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Whatisthehotice-creamscoopusedfor?It’susedforservingreallycoldice-cream.ActiveVoice:AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.PassiveVoice:Thetelephonewasinvented(byAlexanderGrahamBell)in1876.探究语法规律Whatdidyoufindout?

探究一：主动语态和被动语态的概念和转换主动语态：主语AlexanderGrahamBell是动作invent的执行者。主动语态被动语态被动语态：主语Thetelephone是动作invent的承受着。AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.Thetelephonewasinvented(byAlexanderGrahamBell)in1876.主动语态被动语态主(执行者)谓宾(承受者)①②③主(承受者)谓by(执行者)

Edison

invented

thelightbulb.Thelightbulb

wasinvented

byEdison.主语谓语动词主动语态(过去时)宾语主语谓语动词被动语态(be+V-ed)介词+宾语Howtochangetheactivevoiceintopassivevoice?◆主动语态变被动语态的方法①主动语态的主语变成by引导的介词短语放在主谓结构后面，有时可以省略。②主动语态的谓语动词变成“was/were+及物V-ed”形式。③主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。Practice将下列句子改为被动语态Weplantedtreeslastweek.主动语态变被动语态解题步骤1.找宾语----即动作的承受者2.判断宾语的单复数----即be动词的单复数.3.把谓语改成was/were+V.过去分词5.修改原句的主语----即by+主语/宾语.宾变主,主变宾,前加by动变被,看清be,结构分别be+ppTree

wasplanted

byus.4.判断新主语的单复数:确定be动词的单复数He

washed

hiscaryesterday.

Hiscarwaswashed(byhim)yesterday.Didyou

cleanup

yourroomlastnight?Wasyourroomcleaneduplastnight?主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：几种特殊的被动语态①“不及物动词+介词/副词”(介词/副词不与动词拆开或漏掉)e.g.Themancutdownthetree.→②在主动句中,使役动词(如make等)和感官动词(如see,watch,notice,hear等)后面常接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语;但在被动句中，这些词后面的动词不定式都带to。e.g.WeheardMarysinginthenextroom.→

感官动词一感二听三让四看主动句中to离开，被动句中to回来

WeoftenheardKatesingintheroom.

Thetreewascutdownbytheman.Marywasheard

tosinginthenextroom.Katewasoftenheardtosingintheroom(byus).③含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，如果直接宾语(物)作主语，则需在间接宾语(人)前加介词to或for。e.g.Petergaveme

apen.间接宾语直接宾语a.IwasgivenapenbyPeter.④

有些动词常用其主动形式表示被动意义，如sell,wash,write等和表示感觉、知觉的系动词feel,sound,taste,smell等。e.g.Thiskindofdresssellswell.Thefishtastesverydelicious.含有双宾语的主动句变为被动语态时，通把指“人”间接宾语变为主语，而指“物的直接宾语则不变如果要把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接宾语前加to或for。b.ApenwasgiventomebyPeter.

Somefoodwasbroughttohim(byme).Ibroughthimsomefood.Whenwasthezipperinvented?Itwasinventedin1893.Whowasitinventedby?ItwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.WhenwasteabroughttoKorea?ItwasbroughttoKoreaduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Whatisthehotice-creamscoopusedfor?It’susedforservingreallycoldice-cream.ActiveVoice:AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.PassiveVoice:Thetelephonewasinvented(byAlexanderGrahamBell)in1876.GrammarFocus探究语法规律Whatdidyoufindout?探究二：一般过去时被动语态谓语动词的构成主语+was\were+done(过去分词)+其他成分Tom

made

thenewmachinelastweek.Thenewmachine_____________byTomlastweek.wasmade一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构肯定句主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词（+by…）否定句主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词（+by…)疑问句Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词（+by…)?特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词（+by...)?2.一般过去时的被动语态的基本用法用法示例表示过去某一具体时间发生的动作,且句子的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者Thehousewasbuiltin1990.这所房子建于1990年。讲述发生在过去的动作，且不知道动作的执行者Hewashonoredwiththename“FatherofHybridRice”.他被授予“杂交水稻之父”的称号。1.Theyoungmansavedthelivesofthechildren.2.Thevillagersdidn’tfindthelostboyatlast.3.Didyoucleanupyourroomlastnight?4.MymotherboughtmeanewCDplayer.将下列句子改为被动语态。Thelivesofthechildrenweresavedbytheyoungman.Thelostboywasn’tfoundbythevillagersatlast.Wasyourroomcleaneduplastnight?AnewCDplayerwasboughtformebymymother.Practice1.We________toreachforourdreamsinthegraduationceremonylastweek.(2021辽宁丹东)A.encourage B.areencouragedC.encouraged D.wereencouraged2.—________you________toJim’sbirthdaypartylastnight?—Yes,Iwas.ButIwastoobusytobethere.(2021辽宁朝阳)A.Did;invited B.Were;invite C.Was;invited D.Were;invitedDD3.—Eric,you_______togototheteachers’officejustnow.

What'sup?—Wearen'tallowedtobringphonestoschool.Em,butIbroketherule.(2021湖北黄冈)A.told B.tell C.aretold D.weretold4.—Whatabeautifuldress!Perfectforyou!

—Thankyou.It______bymymotherlastmonth.(2021湖南郴州)A.ismade B.wasmade C.madeDB5.TheplayTeahouse

________bythefamousChinesewriterLaoShe.(2021海南)A.wrote B.waswriting C.waswritten6.—WhyhaveIneverseenthiskindofmobilephone?—Becauseit________byHuaweilastmonth.(2021贵州铜仁)A.wasproduced B.wouldproduced

C.hasproduced D.areproducedCA1.EarthDay________in1970forthefirsttime,andtheDaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190countriesandregions(地区).(2020内蒙古呼和浩特)A.celebrated B.wascelebrated C.iscelebrated D.hasbeencelebratedB2.Asthemostexcitingandtraditionalwaytoshop,streetmarkets_____hereandthereinChinathesedays.

(2020四川凉山)

A.find B.found C.arefound D.werefound3.—ThelastBeidouGEO-3_____intospacesuccessfully

onJune23,2020.—AsChinese,wefeelproudofit.

(2020湖北十堰)A.sendsB.sentC.issentD.wassentCD4.Assoonasbooks_______,thevolunteerspostedthemtothestudentsinHopePrimarySchool.

(2020江苏南通)A.areraised

B.wereraised

C.raisedD.haveraised5.—Ourschoolsportsmeet_______nextweek.Whichsportwillyoutakepartin?—Thelongjumpandthehighjump.I’mgoodatjumping.

(2020湖北咸宁)A.holds

B.held

C.washeld

D.willbeheldBD6.—Whatlanguage_______inCanada?—BothEnglishandFrench.(2020黑龙江哈尔滨)A.isspoken B.speaks C.isspeakingA7.—WillyougotoLisa’shousewarmingpartynextSunday?—Well,ifI________,Iwillgoontime.

(2020山东滨州)A.inviteB.willinviteC.aminvitedD.willbeinvitedCRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.1.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice.

__________________________________________________Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.n.

冰箱adj.低的;矮的2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom.

__________________________________________________Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroom(bysomebody).pron.

某人n.

重要人物3.Wheredidyoutakethesephotos?

___________________________________________________4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone.

___________________________________________________5.Differentwriters

translatedthebookintodifferentlanguages.

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________Wherewerethesephotostaken?Wewereadvisedbyourparentsnottogooutalone.Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.v.

翻译Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone．我们的父母建议我们不要单独外出。advisev.

劝告；建议advisesb.about/onsth.

就某事向某人提出建议advisesb.todosth.

建议某人做某事advisesb.nottodosth.

建议某人不要做某事advisedoingsth.

建议做某事【语境应用】完成句子。1)

我们可以就教育方面的事情向他们提出建议。Wecan________________________education.2)

他建议等到明天。He________________untiltomorrow.advisedwaiting

advisethemabout/onalone,lonely

aloneadj.

单独的；独自的不能用于名词前，强调一人的客观状态，只陈述一个客观事实，在句中作表语。adv.

单独；独自；孤单地相当于byoneself，在句中作状语。lonelyadj.

孤单的；寂寞可作表语也可作定语，强调心理状态和主观感受，突出感到孤独和寂寞。【语境应用】用alone或lonely完成句子。1)Mysisteris_______intheclassroomnow.Sheisfinishingherpainting.2)Daleisshyandalwaysfeels_______becausehehasfewfriends.3)Atheart,Mrs.Smithisa(n)_______woman.4)Idon’tlikegoingout_______atnight.alone

alonelonely

lonely【语境应用】根据首字母的提示补全单词，使句子完整、通顺。将完整的单词写在答题卷上。[2020新疆]Theyoungmanhasnofriendshere,sohefeelsl________.将下列句子翻译成英语。[2020四川内江]他太小了不能独自去那儿。lonelyHeistooyoungtogotherealone.1.You____________tothepartylastnight,weren’tyou?Whydidn’tyougo?2.Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden, butluckilythevillagers____________toasafeplace.wereinvitedeat,like,invite,tell,lock,ring,break,bringwerebroughtCompletethesentenceswithcorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.v.锁上

n.

锁突然;猛地v.(使)发出钟声或铃声；打电话3.Thedoor__________whenwearrived,sowe__________thebell.4.Thestudents___________nottoeatordrinkinclass,butRuby__________therulewhenshestartedeatingabiscuitinscienceclass.5.Thecookies__________bythehungrykidsinlessthan20minutes,andtheyreally__________them.waslockedrangbrokeweretoldwereeatenlikedn.

钟声;铃声n.

饼干n.

曲奇饼eat,like,invite,tell,lock,ring,break,bringThetelephone____________(invent)byAlexanderGrahamBell.He____________(born)in1847.Mr.Bell__________(work)ontheinventionofthetelephonewithThomasWatson.In1875,Mr.Bell_________(learn)howtosendmusicalnotesthroughaninstrument

similartoatelephone.wasbornwasinventedworkedDecidewhetheractiveorpassiveformsshouldbeusedinthesesentences.Writethecorrectformsintheblanks.learnedadj.

音乐的;有音乐天赋的n.

仪器;工具Finally,thetelephone___________(invent)in1876.Thefirstsentencethat________(say)onthetelephonebyMr.Bellwas“Mr.Watson,comehere;Iwanttoseeyou.”Todaythetelephone________(use)aroundtheworld.wasinventedwassaidisused已学的被动语态结构时态被动语态结构例句主动语态被动语态一般现在时am/is/are+doneWecleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.一般过去时was/were+doneHemadethekite.Thekitewasmade

byhim.常见的被动语态结构时态被动语态结构例句主动语态被动语态一般现在时am/is/are+doneWecleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.一般过去时was/were+doneHemadethekite.Thekitewasmade

byhim.一般将来时will/shall/begoingto+bedoneTheywillplanttreestomorrow.Tress

willbeplanted

bythemtomorrow.时态被动语态结构例句主动语态被动语态现在完成时have/has+beendoneJimhasfinishedthework.TheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.含情态动词情态动词＋bedoneWemustplantmoretreesonbothsidesoftheroad.Moretreesmustbeplantedonbothsidesoftheroad.1.

不知道动作的执行者是谁。2.

没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。4.句子的主语是动作的承受者。5.

有些动词习惯上常用被动语态。【注意】使用被动语态的情况被动语态结构中应注意的几个问题1.

主动句中在感官动词see、hear、watch、feel、notice等以及使役动词let、make、have等后跟省略to的不定式,变为被动句时,应加上不定式符号to。2.

“不及物动词+介词/副词”构成的短语动词，变成被动句时，要把它们作为整体看待，介词或副词不可与动词拆开或漏掉。3.

含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可将主动句中的直接宾语或间接宾语变为被动句中的主语。

如果把主动句中的直接宾语(指物)变为被动句中的主语，则需在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词to或for。常接to的动词有give,tell,lend,show,pass,hand等；

常接for的动词有buy,get等。①含有双宾语的主动句变为被动语态时，通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，而指“物”的直接宾语则不变。►Hegavemeabookyesterday.Iwasgivenabook(byhim)yesterday.②如果要把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接宾

语前加to或for。

含双宾语和复合宾语的主动句变为被动语态的方法►Ibroughthimsomefood.Somefoodwasbroughttohim(byme).③含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动语态时，要将其中的

宾语变成主语，宾语补足语不变。►JimaskedTomtogoforawalk.Tomwasasked(byJim)togoforawalk.④如果宾语补足语是不带to的动词不定式，主动语态变成被动语态时要加上不定式符号to。►WeoftenheardKatesingintheroom.

Katewasoftenheardtosingintheroom(byus).主动语态不能变成被动语态的情况当宾语是反身代词或相互代词时Hemadehimselfacupofcoffee.Theyhelpeachother.当宾语是不定式或V-ing时Weallwanttobeteachers.当某些动词表示状态或结果时Themilktastesslightlysour.当宾语表示数量、重量、大小或程度Thejade