初中数学词汇打印版

数学词汇数学词汇初中数学词汇数学mathematics,maths(BrE),math(AmE)公理axiom「女ksiom]定理theorem[fiorom]计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis,hypotheses(pl.)[hai’paOisis]命题(truefalse)proposition算术arithmeticaddition 力口法subtraction 减法multiplication [,mAlt pli'kefn]乘法division 除法力口plus(prep.),add(v.)被力□数augend,summand加数addend和sum减minus(prep.),subtract(v.)被减数minuendfminjuend]减数subtrahendfSAbtrohend]差remainder[ri'mend^]乘times,multiply(v.)被乘数multiplicand,faciend乘数multiplicatorfmAltiplikeitO]积product除dividedby,divide(v.)被除数dividend['dividend]除数divisor[di'vaizO]商quotient['kwoujont]等于equals,isequalto,isequivalentto大于isgreaterthan小于islesserthan大于等于isequalorgreaterthan小于等于isequalorlesserthan运算符operator数字digit数number自然数naturalnumber整数integer小数decimal小数点decimalpoint分数fraction分子numerator['numojetM分母denominator[di'namo门e⑶比ratio['rejiou]正positive负negative零null,zero,nought,nil十进制decimalsystem二进制binarysystem['bainori]进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入rounddown上舍入roundup有效数字significantdigit无效数字insignificantdigit代数algebra公式formula,formulae(pl.)单项式monomial[ma'nomiol]多项式polynomial [pili'noumjol],multinomial[,mAlti'nomil]系数coefficient[,kou'fijont]未知数unknown,x-factor,y-factor,z-factor第1页共7页1等式，方程式equation一次方程simpleequation二次方程quadraticequation[kwalr况tik]三次方程cubicequation['kjubik]不等式inequation方程的解solution可解的，可分[溶]解的resoluble[rTzHjobol]完全平方式completequadraticform指数，幂exponent乘方power使乘五次方toraisetothepoweroffive二次方，平方square某数的平方xsquared三次方，立方cube四次方thepoweroffour,thefourthpowern次方thepowerofn,thenthpower开方extraction二次方根，平方根squareroot三次方根，立方根cuberoot四次方根therootoffour,thefourthrootn次方根therootofn,thenthroot集合aggregate「次grigit]兀素element函数function定义域domain,fieldofdefinition[dD'men]值域range[rends]常量constant变量variable""ioboljv次r-]图象image微积分calculus[k况Ikjalas]微分differential[difahnjal]导数derivative[di'rivstiv]极限limit无穷大infinite(a.)infinity(n.)

数学词汇无穷小infinitesimalLinfinit*SOmol]有理数rationalnumber无理数irrationalnumber实数realnumber虚数imaginarynumber几何geometry平面几何planegeometry立体几何solidgeometry点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线radial平行、平行线parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian锐角acuteangle直角rightangle钝角obtuseanglepbtus]平角straightangle周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acutetriangle直角三角形righttriangle直角边leg斜边hypotenuse[hai'patnus]勾股定理Pythagoreantheorem[pai,0«g9'ri：9n]数学词汇钝角三角形obtusetriangle不等边三角形scalene['skeili:n]triangle等腰三角形isosceles[ai'sDSili:z]triangle等边三角形equilateraltriangle[JkwSl次torol]四边形quadrilateral[kwodrol次torol]平行四边形parallelogram[,p况rohlo,gr况m]矩形rectangle长length宽width菱形rhomb[rom],rhombus,rhombi(pl.),diamond正方形square梯形trapezoid['tr«pi.zoid]直角梯形righttrapezoid等腰梯形isoscelestrapezoid五边形pentagon['pento.gon]多边形polygon正多边形equilateralpolygon圆circle圆心centre(BrE),center(AmE)半径radius['redios/'reidjos]直径diameter[dai'冼mit+]圆周率pi弧arc[a：k]半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse[i'lips]圆周circumference周长perimeter面积area轨迹locus,loca(pl.)['loukos]相似similar全等congruent['kaqgruont]四面体tetrahedron[,tetro'hi:dron]立方体cube多面体polyhedron[,pDli'hi:dron]棱锥pyramid['piromid]棱柱prism['prizom]旋转rotation轴axis['次ksis]圆锥cone/u/圆柱cylinder['silindo]^sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面积surfacearea体积volume空间space坐标系coordinates[kou'o:dineits]坐标轴x-axis,y-axis,z-axis横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent周期period内心incentre(BrE),incenter(AmE)夕卜心excentre(BrE),excenter(AmE)旁心escentre(BrE),escenter(AmE)垂心orthocentre(BrE),orthocenter(AmE)重心barycentre(BrE),barycenter(AmE)内切圆inscribedcircle外切圆circumcircle['so:kom'so:kl]相对的opposite相似的similar等距的equidistant[,i:kwi'distont]overlap重叠统计statistics3数学词汇平均数average比例propotion百分比percent排歹列permutation组合combination概率，或然率probability分布distribution图表graph条形统计图bargraph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图brokenlinegraph曲线统计图curvediagram扇形统计图piediagramGRE数学专业术语词汇代数部分1.有关数学运算add,plus力口 subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的 dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数，divisor因子，除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign/rootsign根号roundto四舍五人increase增加reduce减少.有关代数式、方程和不等式value值equation方程algebraicterm代数项liketerms,similarterms同类项satisfy满足numericalcoefficient数字系数literalcoefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangleinequality三角不等式range值域originalequation原方程equivalentequation同解方程，等价方程linearequation线性方程(e.g.5x+6=22).有关分数和小数fraction分数properfraction真分数improperfraction彳假分数mixednumber带分数vulgarfraction，commonfraction普通分数simplefraction简分数complexfraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)commondenominator最小)公分母 quarter四分之一decimalfraction纯小数infinitedecimal无穷小数recurringdecimal循环小数percent百分之.基本数学概念average平均数maximum/minimumnumber最大/最小数square平方arithmeticmean算术平均值weightedaverage加权平均值geometricmean几何平均数 exponent指数，赛base乘赛的底数，底边cube立方数，立方体squareroot平方根cuberoot立方根commonlogarithm常用对数digit数字notmorethan不大于lessthan小于units'd个位数字sum和represent代表adjacent相邻的constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数数学词汇complementaryfunction余函数linear一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolutevalue绝对值，e.g.I-32I=32roundoff四舍五人.有关数论number数naturalnumber自然数positivenumber正数negativenumber负数oddinteger,oddnumber奇数eveninteger,evennumber偶数integer,wholenumber整数positiveinteger正整数positivewholenumber正整数negativewholenumber负整数consecutivenumber连续整数realnumber,rationalnumber实数，有理数irrational（number）无理数inverse倒数 compositenumber合数primenumber质数reciprocal倒数commondivisor公约数multiple倍数（least）commonmultiple（最小）公倍数（prime）factor（质）因子 commonfactor公因子decimalsystem十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数commonratio公比.数列sequence数歹"arithmeticprogression（sequence）等差数歹" geometricprogression（sequence）等比数歹consecutive连续的.其它approximate近似（anti）clockwise（逆）顺时针方向 directproportion、directratio正比distinct不同的 estimation估计，近似 parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometricfunction三角函数unit单位,位 figure图表几何部分.所有的角angle角alternateangle内错角correspondingangle同位角verticalangle对顶角centralangle圆心角interiorangle内角exteriorangle夕卜角asupplementaryangle补卜角complementaryangle余角adjacentangle4口角acuteangle锐角obtuseangle钝角rightangle直角roundangle周角straightangle平角includedangle夹角.所有的三角形triangle三角形regulartriangle正三角形equilateraltriangle等边三角形 scalenetriangle不等边三角形 isoscelestriangle等腰三角形 righttriangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形 inscribedtriangle内接三角形.有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle半圆concentriccircles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形polygon多数学词汇边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形，平方rectangle长方形regularpolygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形.其它平面图形arc弧line,straightline、beeline直线linesegment线段parallellines平行线 segmentofacircle弧形.有关立体图形cube立方体，立方数rectangularsolid长方体 regularsolid/regularpolyhedron正多面体circularcylinder圆柱体 cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的octahedron八面体.有关图形上的附属物perimeter周长area面积altitude高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surfacearea表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股crosssection横截面centreofacircle圆心chord弦radius半径anglebisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱faceofasolid立体的面hypotenuse斜边includedside夹边leg三角形的直角边medianofatriangle三角形的中线 base底边，底数（e.g.2的5次方，2就是底数）opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点 vertex（复数形式vertices）顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距shadedregion阴影区.有关坐标coordinatesystem坐标系rectangularcoordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complexplane复平面.其它planegeometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe夕卜切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直parallel平行Pythagoreanproposition勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral