高三英语二轮复习阅读理解专题复习II

ReadingComprehension(II)2014届高考英语二轮复习之近年主要考查考生的语言运用能力，即使用英语进行交际的能力。其中阅读是以篇章为载体，考查考生的通过阅读获取信息的能力，是高考试题中的主要内容之一，也是获取高分的关键。高考大纲解读阅读理解考查的要求文章的主旨要意(mainidea)猜测生词的词义(wordmeanings)文章的具体信息（事实细节）(specificdetails)推理判断(judgmentsandinference)文章的篇章结构(passagestructure)Howtogetthedetails?事实细节题Questionforms:Usualtypes:When；where;why;how;who…Commonsentencepatterns1、特殊疑问句式。

以what,who,where,when,which,howmuch/many等引出问题；2、是非题。

通常以true/false,nottrue/false提问以及以accordingtothetext开头；Whichofthefollowingistrueexcept…?Whichofthefollowingismentionedexcept…Whichofthefollowingistrue?Whichofthefollowingistrue／false？

*3、填空题。

通常涉及与主题有关的事实和细节；

1、Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)___?2、Theauthor(orthepassage)statesthat___.*4、就文中数字、排序、识图等提问。这类题型的题干常为：1)When/Wheredidthestoryhappen?2)Whichofthefollowingstatementsis(not)correct?(三正一误或三误一正_)3)Whichofthefollowingstatementsis(not)mentionedinthepassage?4)Whichistherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage?5)Allthestatementsaretrueexcept.

题干设计常常避开文中所用的词汇，而用其同义词、近义词或反义词设题。设题特点：解题技巧与策略第一步：略读题干(Skimming)首先，快速浏览每道试题的题干(即问题)。第二步：通读全文(Scanning)

浏览了题干与选项之后，要带着“问题”通读全文。第三步：研读攻关(Close-reading)

注意对信息进行综合分析，分清主次、真伪，避免受信息的干扰，陷入高考题所设下的“陷阱”，学会“排除”干扰项。

(NewYork)AFrenchtouristhighlypraisedforrescuingatwo-year-oldgirlinManhattansaidhedidn’tthinktwicebeforedivingintothefreezingEastRiver.Tuesday’sDailyNewssaid29-year-oldJulienDuretfromFranceisthemanwholeftthespotquicklyaftertherescuelastSunday.HeliftedthelittlegirloutofwateraftershefelloffthebankattheSouthStreetSeaportmuseum.Hehandedthegirltoherfather,DavidAnderson,whohaddivedinafterhim.Readingmaterial1Q:WhodivedafterDuretintotherivertosavethelittlegirl?

A.DavidAndersonB.Apasser-byC.HisgirlfriendD.Ataxidriver题干是问谁在Duret之后跳进河里救人，可以以dive为线索找到原文的Hehandedthegirltoherfather，DavidAnderson，whohaddivedinafterhim，故可知答案是DavidAnderson。1wh-细节题

语篇解读：本篇文章为说明文。说明了什么是食物中毒以及它常见的症状，导致食物中毒的原因，如何正确处理食物以减少中毒的可能，最后说明了食物中毒并不可怕，只要休息几天或多喝开水即可痊愈。Readingmaterial2Readingmaterial2

Foodsometimesgetspoisonedwithharmfulthings.Apersonwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly.Thesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfood.

Fever

isoneofthemostcommonsymptoms.第一段____________________________________________Q

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Foodwhenpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.B.Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.C.Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties.D.Foodpoisoningcanbeserious.以偏概全三正一误2是非题Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly.

Thehumanbodyisalivingmachine,andlikeallmachines,itneedsfueltosupplyitwithenergy.Thatisthefoodweeat.Buthowmuchdoweneedtostayhealthy?Theenergyvalueoffoodisusuallymeasuredincalories.Acalorieistheamountofheatrequiredtoraisethetemperatureof1kgofwaterby1℃.Thenumberofcaloriespeopleneedperdayisdifferent,asthechartshows……CALORIESNEEDEDPERDAYBaby750Officeworker2,700Childaged82,100Womanfeedingbaby2,700Manover702,100Boyaged163,000Woman3,600Farmer2,600Readingmaterial3

Q1)____caloriesarerequiredtoraisethetemperatureof5kgofwaterfrom35℃to90℃.

A.55B.175C.325D.275

Q2)WhichstatementisTRUEaccordingtothechartabove?A.

Achildaged8requiresmorethan3timestheamountofcaloriesthatababydoes.B.Aboyaged16requiresnearlytwicetheamountofcaloriesthataboyaged8does.C.Anofficeworkerrequiresthesameamountofcaloriesperdayasawomanfeedingababydoes.D.Afarmerrequiresnearly1.5timestheamountofcaloriesthatanofficeworkerdoes.文章【解析】答案为D

。根据文章细节内容，计算公式为：(90-35)×5×1=2753计算题根据文章图表，依次验证A、B、C、D四个答案的内容是否正确。很容易找出C符合图表内容。4图表题Backinthefifteenthcentury,inatinyvillagenearNuremberg,livedafamilywitheighteenchildren．Inspiteofthehopelesscondition,twoofthechildren,AlbrechtDurerandAlbert,hadadream．Theybothwantedtopursuetheirtalentforart．Aftermanylongdiscussions,thetwoboysfinallyworkedoutanagreement．Theywouldtossacoin．Theloserwouldgodownintothenearbyminesand,withhisearnings,supporthisbrotherwhoattendedtheacademy．Then,whenthatbrotherwhowonthetosscompletedhisstudies,infouryears,hewouldsupporttheotherbrotherattheacademy．Tossingacoin,AlbrechtDurerwonandwentofftoNuremberg．Albertwentdownintothedangerousminesand,forthenextfouryears,supportedhisbrother,whoseworkattheacademywasalmostanimmediatesensation（轰动）．Bythetimehegraduated,hehadearnedconsiderablefeesforhisoutstandingworks．Whentheyoungartistreturnedtohisvillage,theDurerfamilyheldafestivedinnertocelebratelbrecht’striumphant（胜利的）homecoming．Albrechtdrankatoasttohisbelovedbrotherfortheyearsofsacrificethathadenabledhimtocompletehisdream．“Andnow,Albert,blessedbrotherofmine,nowitisyourturn．NowyoucangotoNurembergtolookforyourdream,andIwilltakecareofyou．”……ToshowthankstoAlbertforallthathehadsacrificed,AlbrechtDurerpainstakinglydrewhisbrother’sinjuredhandswithpalmstogetherandthinfingersstretchedskyward．Hecalledhispowerfuldrawingsimply“Hands”,buttheentireworldalmostimmediatelyopenedtheirheartstohisgreatmasterpieceandrenamedit“ThePrayingHands”．Readingmaterial4

Q1Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofthestory？a．AlbrechtwenttoNuremberg．b．Albertsupportedhisbrother．c．TheDurerfamilyheldafestivedinned．Albrechtdrewhisbrother’sinjuredhands．e．Thebrotherstossedacoin．

A．b,a,c,d,e

B．a,e,c,d,b

C．e,a,c,b,d

D．e,a,b,c,d________________________________________________解题思路：

先找出最早的一个时间和事件，把它作为事件发生的具体点，然后用排除法将范围一一缩小，从而快速地选出正确答案5排序题细节题类型1

wh细节题2是非题3计算题4图表题

5排序题

6其它题summary

有时命题者故弄玄虚，在选项中加些夸大其词的说法，把“大约”说成“绝对，肯定”(要留意选项中诸如all,

absolutely,

only,

never,

completely,definitely等词)，把抽象说成具体，或者把人名、地名、时间等张冠李戴，误串起来，从而构成形是实非的干扰项。注意“陷阱”：____________明显不是文章的信息，与文中事实相反或不符干扰项的特点与概括:(事实细节题的考点)正误并存扩大(缩小)范围偷换概念以偏概全无中生有_____________信息部分正确，部分错误______________是原文信息，但故意增加或减少细节______________符合常识，但不是文章的内容_____________与原句的内容极为相似，但在程度、态度、褒贬色彩上有变动______________是原文信息，但不是题干要求的内容答非所问1，比较处常考2，因果关系处常考3，转折处常考4，引言处常考5，列举处常考常考查位置：事实细节题解题技巧

1.若针对特殊标点符号,举例子,名人名言出题,只需要阅读符号，例子,名言前后的内容，然后与选项核对。2.在出现一些关键词，如however、but、moreover、therefore、thus时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。3.细节题的答案一般是同义替换项或者同义转换项

summary4.选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如：must,never,themost,all,merely,only,haveto,any,no,completely,none,等。但不是绝对，也有例外。5.注意选项中的副词，形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。如：must,may,often,should,usually,might,most,moreorless,likely,all,never，few等存在程度不同，经常被偷换，往往被忽视。6.细节题干扰项特点：与原文内容相反；与原文内容一半相符，一半不同；叙述过于绝对化；原文没有提及.

&Practicemakesperfect!

Nowayintheworldisthebestbutyours.2011A26

Intheanimalkingdom,weaknesscanbringaboutaggressioninotheranimal.Thissometimeshappenswithhumansalso.

But

Ihavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople.

Iseeiteverydaywhenpeopleholddoorsforme,pourcreamintomycoffee,orhelpmetoputonmycoat.AndIhavediscoveredthat

itmakesthemhappy.第一段细节归纳__________________________________________itmakesthemhappy2011A27

Frommywheelchairexperience,Iseethebestinpeople,

but

sometimes

IfeelsadbecausethosewhoappearindependentmissthekindnessIseedaily.Theydon’tgettoseethissoftsideofothers.Often,wetryeverywaypossibletoavoidshowingourweakness,whichincludesalotofpretending.Butonlywhenwestoppretendingwe’rebraveorstrongdoweallowpeopletoshowthekindnessthat’sinthem.第二段_