【山东】高三英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Science versus nature精品课件 译林牛津

Unit3Scienceversusnature基础落实Ⅰ.高频单词思忆1.agencyn.

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n.代理商2.practicen.

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adj.实用的→

adv.3.seekvt.

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(过去式)→

(过去分词)4.succeedvi.

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n.→

adj.→

adv.代理；服务机构agent行为；练习practicalpractically寻找；寻求soughtsought成功fessionn.

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n.教授→

adj.职业的；专业的6.benefitn.

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adj.7.performvt.

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n.→

n.表演者职业；专业professorprofessional利益beneficial表演performanceperformerⅡ.重点短语再现1.超越了我们的想象2.一项科学突破3.对……一点不尊重4.一个41岁的女销售员5.一个领养的孩子6.处理这些后果7.最终取代我们beyondourimaginationascientificbreakthroughshownorespectfora41yearoldsaleswomananadoptedchilddealwiththeconsequencesendupreplacingus8.死于心脏病9.违反/不利于自然10.对……有抵抗力11.过度开发地球资源12.满足某人的需要13.总之dieofheartfailuregoagainstnatureberesistanttoendlesslyoverdevelopEarth’sresourcesmeet/satisfyone’sneedstoconclude/tosumup/inawordⅢ.典型句式运用1.并非对自然有益的一切事情对人类都是好的。

thatisbestfornatureisgoodforpeople.2.在多数情况下，其结果是，人类在破坏环境之际没有真正受益。Mostofthetime

humansarenotreallyprofitingwhentheydamagetheenvironment.Noteverythingitturnsoutthat3.科学家最近宣布，他们已经成功克隆出第一个人类胚胎，这在全球范围内引起了争论……Arecentannouncementbyscientiststheyhavesuccessfullyclonedthefirsthumanembryohascausedmuchdebate...4.在中国，科学家们已经致力于克隆动物，以及将在医学领域中被使用的干细胞。InChina,scientistshavefocusedtheireffortsoncloninganimals,stemcellstobeusedinmedicalresearch.thataswellasⅣ.综合语篇填空1.Cloningisproducingan

copyofaplantorananimalusingitscells.2.However,

generalthescientistswerepraisedfortheirwonderfulscientificbreakthrough.3.Ifweinterfere

nature,wewillhavetodealwiththeconsequences.exactinwith4.Ifeelsorry

theladywhocannothaveababy,butIwouldliketopoint

thattherearemanychildrenintheworldnoparents,

wouldbedelightedtohaveamother.5.Oftentheydonotrealizethatthechoicesthey

arebadfortheenvironment.foroutwithwhomake导练互动重点单词1.praisen.&vt.表扬；赞扬

挑战自我(1)由于这个学生的进步老师表扬了他。Theteacher

hisprogress.(2)老师的表扬极大地鼓舞了我们。

hasgreatlyencouragedus.(3)赞扬他们成就的话很多。Muchwassaid

theirachievements.praisedthestudentforTheteacher’spraiseinpraiseof帮你归纳praisesb.forsth.因……而赞扬……反义词组:blamesb.forsth.;criticizesb.forsth.singhighpraisefor高度赞扬同义词组:thinkwell/highlyof;speakhighlyof反义词组:thinklittle/nothingof;speakbadlyofinpraiseof赞扬结构相同的短语有:incelebration/need/want/memory/honorofbeyondallpraises赞不绝口deserve/beworthyofpraise值得称赞即学学活活练练(4)TheDepartmentofEducationforhishavingcompleted40yearsofteaching.A.receivedhighpraiseB.waspraisedC.praisedhimD.praisedforhimC2.interferevi.干干

挑战自我(1)别干涉别人的事。Don’t

otherpeople’saffairs.(2)你曾经因为玩乐而妨碍了你的职责吗？Didyoueverallowpleasureto

yourduty?interfereininterferewith帮你你归归纳纳interferewithsb./sth.干干扰interfereinsth.干涉、干预、介入某事interferencen.Noneinterferenceintheinternalaffairsofothercountries.不干涉他国内政。即学活练(3)在他工工作的时候不不要打扰他。。(4)不要干干预与你无关关的事。Don’tinterferewith/botherhimwhenhe’satwork.Don’tinterfereinaffairsthatdonotconcernyou.3.benefitvt.有利于；受受益，得到好好处;n.利益，好处挑战自我(1)这是一一项花费很大大的投资，但但从长远来看看，它对公司有好处处。It’’sanexpensiveinvestmentbutitwillinthelongrun.(2)成千千上万万的人人受益益于新新的治治疗。。Thousandsofpeoplethenewtreatment.(3)新信信用卡卡将会会为我我们的的客户户带来来很多多好处处。Thenewcreditcardwillbeourcustomers.benefitthecompanyhavebenefitedfromofgreatbenefitto帮你归归纳benefitsb.有益益于某某人benefitfromsb./sth.从………获获益benefitbydoing...通过过………获益益forthebenefitof...为了了………的利利益beofbenefitto对对………有益益beneficialadj.有有益的的bebeneficialto=beofbenefitto对………有有益bebeneficialtodosth.做做………有益益即学活活练(4)新建建的铁铁路使使附近近的村村民受受益许许多。。(5)为了了学生生的身身心健健康，，我们们学校校周围围两公公里以以内的所有有网吧吧将全全部关关闭。。Thenewlybuiltrailwaywillgreatlybenefitthevillagersnearby.Forthebenefitofthebodyandmindhealthofthestudents,alltheInternetcafééentionn.意图图；目目的；；企图图挑战自自我(1)他到到巴黎黎是为为了学学法语语。HewenttoParisFrench.(2)我无无意去去参加加婚礼礼。Ihavegoingtothewedding.(3)这这个课程程是为中中等水平平的学生生开设的的。Thecourseintermediatestudents.(4)他他的父母母想让他他去国外外学习。。Hisparentsstudyabroad.withtheintentionoflearning/tolearnnointentionofisintendedforintendedhimto帮你归纳纳intendv.打算，，意欲，，想要intendtodosth.打算算做某事事intendsb.todosth.打算算让某人人做某事事beintendedfor为为……准准备/安安排/设设计withtheintentionof为为了………目的或或意图havenointentionofdoing/todosth.无意做做某事即学活练练(5)Shetocatchtheearlytrain,butshedidn’tgetupintime.A.intendedB.wasintendedC.hadintendedD.wasintendingC5.limitv.&n.限制，，限定挑战自我我(1)每每户限发发四张免免费票。。Familiesfourfreeticketseach.(2)钱钱的数量量要在我我能承受受的范围围内。ThereistheamountofmoneyIcanafford.(3)我我在这个个学科方方面的知知识有限限。Myknowledgeonthesubjectis.arelimitedtoalimittolimited帮你归纳纳limit...to...把………限制在在……time/speedlimit时间/速度限限制limitedadj.有限的的belimitedtodoingsth.只只限于做做……即学活练练——用limit的适适当形式式填空(4)Waterisinthisarea,sothereisatousingwater,nowthemainworktobedoneistofindingmorewaterforlocalpeople.limitedlimitlimited6.involvev.涉及；；牵连；；包含挑战自我我(1)别别把我卷卷入你们们的争吵吵。Don’’tinyourquarrel.(2)别别卷入这这样的事事情中去去。Don’’tgetyourselfsuchmatters.(3)要要赢得比比赛，既既要有技技巧也要要有运气气。Winningthegamebothskillandfortune.involvemeinvolvedininvolves帮你归纳纳involvesb.insth.使使某人牵牵扯进来来，使某某人陷入入be/getinvolvedin使使牵扯进进来，使使陷入，，卷入，，与……有有密切联联系beinvolvedindoingsth.专心致致志做某某事即学活练练——用involve的适当当形式填填空(4)Nurseisajobgreatpatience.(5)You’’dbetternotgetyourselfinthedispute.(6)IinthequarrelbetweenTomandJack.involvinginvolvedwasinvolved7.urgen.&vt.催促；；敦促挑战自我我(1)老老师催促促我们交交家庭作作业。Theteacherourhomework.(2)他他力劝我我去日本本。HeurgedthatItoJapan.(3)他他们极想想与人交交流。Theyhavetocommunicate.urgedustohandinshouldgoastrongurge帮你归纳urgesb.todosth.催促某某人做某事事urge+that-clause(从句用虚虚拟语气,should可以以省略)强烈要要求某人做做某事have/feelanurge/nourgetotravel渴望望去旅行/不想去旅旅行urgeahorseon/onward策马马而驰即学活练(4)Theyurgedthatthelibraryopenduringthevacation.A.mustbekeptB.iskeptC.wouldbekeptD.bekeptD8.seekv.寻求;寻找;追求挑战自我我(1)他他说他没没有寻找找到幸福福。Hesaidhehishappiness.(2)试试图说服服他戒烟烟是没用用的。Itisnousepersuadehimtogiveupsmoking.hadn’tsoughtseekingto帮你归纳纳seekadvice/happiness/wealth/help/friendship寻求建议议/幸福福/财富富/帮助助/友谊谊seektodosth.=trytodosth.试图做某事事seekafter/for寻找找；追求即学活练(3)Thougheverywhere,thespecialmaterialforthemedicinefailedtobefound.A.soughtB.havingsoughtC.beingsoughtD.seekingA重点短语与句句型9.ontheonehand...,ontheotherhand一方面……,另一方面挑战自我(1)一方面面我想卖掉房房子，但另一一方面我一想想起搬家就不能忍受受。Ontheonehand,Iwanttosellthehouse,but.ontheotherhand,Icannotbearthethoughtofmoving(2)一方面面经济的快速速发展将改善善人民的生活活条件，但另一方面也也会加快对环环境的破坏。。,butontheotherhand,itwillspeedupenvironmentaldestruction.Ontheonehand,rapiddevelopmentoftheeconomywillimprovethelivingconditionsofthepeople帮你归纳athand在手头；；临近byhand手工inhand手头上handinhand手拉手Handsoff!请请勿触摸！Handsup!举起起手来!agreenhand新手lefthanded左撇的fromhandtohand传递livefromhandtomouth过着衣衣食无忧的生生活handin上交handover交接接handout分配；；施舍handdown流传传下来；传递递即学活练(3)Iwouldlikeajobwhichpaysmore,butIenjoytheworkI’mdoingatthemoment.A.inotherwordsB.ontheotherhandC.foronethingD.asamatteroffactB10.aswellas挑战自我(1)亨德森森先生和他的的孩子都喜欢欢足球。Mr.Henderson,aswellashischildren,(be)fondoffootball.帮你归纳(1)aswellas的用法法如下：①和……一样样好Peterplaysfootballaswellas,ifnotbetterthan,Jack.皮特踢足球即即使不比杰克克好，也与他他一样好。②短语介词，，意为“连同同……、和………”，在意意义上强调前者，，谓语动词的的单复数与前前面的主语保保持is一致，可以用用togetherwith或或alongwith进行替换。③aswellas还可以连接接两个相同的的形容词、动动词、介词等，意思思是“不但………，而且………、既………又……”。Thechildislivelyaswellashealthy.这孩子既健康康又活泼。(2)aswell表表示“也”，，用于句子末末尾。JackieChanismyfavoritefilmstar,becauseheisdiligent,warm-heartedandhumorousaswell.成龙是是我喜喜欢的的电影影明星星，因因为他他勤奋奋，富富有同同情心也很很幽默默。(3)may/mightaswell...不妨妨；不不如(表建建议)Since/Nowyou’vecome,youmayaswellenjoyyourstay.既来之之，则则安之之。即学活活练(2)MaryaswellashersistersChineseinChina.A.arestudyingB.havestudiesC.isstudyingD.studyC11.turnout结结果是是；证证明是是挑战自自我(1)不用用担心心，一一切都都会好好起来来。Don’tworry.Itwillall.(2)事情情正如如教授授所预预料的的那样样。exactlyastheprofessorhadforeseen.(3)结结果是他他没有得得到那份份工作。。hedidn’tgetthejob.turnoutfineThingsturnedouttobeItturnedoutthat(4)会会议证明明是成功功的。Themeetingsuccessful/asuccess.=themeetingwassuccessful/asuccess.温馨提示示turnout作““证明是是”讲时时，无被被动语态态，无进进行时态。turnedouttobeItturnedoutthat帮你归纳turnouttobe+adj./adv.Itturnedoutthat...turnin上交turndown调低低；拒绝turnup调高；露露面，出现turnover翻转转turnon打开turnoff关掉turnto转向;求求助于即学活练(5)Inthemorningitwascloudy,buttoeveryone’sdelight,itfineintheafternoon.A.turnedoutB.turnedinC.turnedupD.turnedoverA12.部分否否定句型Noteverythingthatisbestfornatureisgoodforpeople.并非对自然然有益的一切切事情对人类都是好的的。(回归课本P58)挑战自我(1)发光的的并非都是金金子。=(2)并非非两个答案案都正确。。=Notallthatglittersisgold.Allthatglittersisnotgold.Bothanswersarenotright.Notbothanswersareright.帮你归纳当not和和each,every,both,all连连用时表示示部分否定定。若表示两者者的全部否否定用neither,三者者或以上用用none。。即学活练(3)并非非他的父母母都是老师师。(4)并非非所有的人人都喜欢运运动。BotNotallpeoplelikesports.品味味构构词词1.利利用用合合成成法法，，品品句句填填词词(1)Hewashungryandwantedto,sohewenttothe.(dine)(2)Aftermorningexercises,Iwenttothetohavea.(bath)(3)Thisfactoryhasmanyforworkerstoin.(work)dinediningroombathroombathworkroomswork串联扩展名词/动词名词合成词bath洗澡roombathroomwash洗washroomsale销售salesroombed床bedroomreception接待接待室，会客室rest休息restroom

，浴室厕所拍卖场卧室receptionroom洗手间公共厕所dress穿衣roomlive生活livingroomwait等待waitingroomread读readingroomsit坐sittingroomdine吃饭diningroom起居室，客厅厅候车室阅览室起居室餐厅dressingroom2.利用派生生法，品句填填词（1）Theheusedtotheproblemofwastedisposalseemedunreasonable.(solve)（2）WHOisaninternationalwhichwasbytheUN.(organize)（3）Hisofmakingfriendswithpeoplearoundheisverykindandeasytogetalongwith.(suggest)solutionsolveorganizationorganizedsuggestionsuggests串联扩展动词后缀名词communicate交流；联系-tion交流；通信determine决心决心；确定prepare准备准备，预备pollute污染污染，弄脏situate使位于形势，情况locate坐落在位置communicationdeterminationpreparationpollutionsituationlocation考题回扣【例1】Itisnotimmediatelyclearthefinancialcrisiswillsoonbeover.(上海海高考考)A.sinceB.whatC.whenD.whether解析这是it作作形式式主语语的名名词性性从句句。句句意为为:金融危危机是是否会会很快快结束束不会会立刻刻明朗朗的。。若主主语从句句中去去掉soon，，也可可以选选C项项，即即“金金融危危机什么时时候会会结束束”；；what在从从句中中没法法与其其他成成分搭配配；since自从从………以来来，不不合句句意。。D课文原原文...butit’suncertainthey’’lleversucceedtotally.(P46)【例2】bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.(天津津高考考)A.BeingencouragedB.EncouragingC.EncouragedD.Havingencouragedwhether解析encourage与主主句主主语manyfarmers之之间为为逻辑上的的动宾宾关系系，因因此应应用被被动形形式，，故排排除B、D两项；；A项项表示示该动动作正正在进进行；；“Encouragedbytheadvancesintechnology”为过过去分词短短语作原因状语。。答案C课文原文bythearticle,thewomanwrotealettertothenewspaper.(P50)Shocked【例3】Beingaparentisnotalwayseasy,andbeingtheparentofachildwithspecialneedsoftencarrieswithextrastress.(北京高高考)A.itB.themC.oneD.him解析it在句中中代指beingtheparentofachildwithspecialneeds。。课文原文ismankind’sresponsibilitytofindsolutionsthatareacceptableforeveryone,andeverything.(P58)ItA【例4】ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butitberathercoldsometimes.(福建高考)A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would解析must必然然，一定；can可能；；should应该；would(过去)将，，总会。本题题提供的语境境是“有时可能会……””。课文原文Theverygenesthatmakecropsresistanttopestsanddiseasebeharmfultoanimals.(P57)couldB【例5】Thepresentsituationisverycomplex,soIthinkitwilltakemesometimetoitsreality.(湖北高考考)A.makeupB.figureoutC.lookthroughD.putoff解析makeup组成；化化妆；编造；；figureout理解，弄清楚；；lookthrough浏览；；putoff推迟。。句意为：目前前的形势非常常复杂，因此此我认为要花花费我一段时间间来弄清楚它它的真实性。。课文原文Heisalwaysworkinginhislab,tryingtoallthemysteriesthatmakehimpuzzled.(P49)figureoutB写作作技技能能如何何做做到到行行文文流流畅畅高考考书书面面表表达达的的评评分分原原则则中中明明确确规规定定““上上下下文文的的连贯贯性性””为为评评分分时时应应注注意意的的主主要要内内容容之之一一。。在在““各各档次次的的给给分分范范围围和和要要求求””中中，，也也提提到到了了““连连贯贯性性””的问问题题，，且且在在第第五五档档(21～～25分分)中中具具体体指指出出：：““有有效地使使用了了语句句间的的连接接成分分，使使全文文结构构紧凑凑。””那么如如何使也不难，只需掌握以下两个要诀。要诀之一要组织一段通畅的英文，构建每一个句子时，要服从以下三条原则:1.Thetopicofeachsentencemustn’’tbechanged.2.Thesubjectofeachsentencehastobechanged.3.Thebeginningofeachsechanged.有些句子的主题、主语和句子的开头可能是同一结构，但但并非非总是是如此此。如如果在在一段段文章章中，，每句句话的主题题、主主语和和开头头都是是同一一结构构，便便显出出一种种学生生腔。。事实实上，，每个个句子子的主主题不不能脱脱离整整段的的主题题。每每个句句子的的主语语会因因叙述述的内内容不不同而而不同同。流流畅的的段落每每一个个句子子的开开头一一般是是不同同的。。因此此，在在一段英文文中———句句子的的主题题不能能变；；句子子的主主语需需要变；句句子的的开头头必须须变。。这就是是行文文连贯贯的要要诀之之一。。要诀之之二正如许许多人人所认认识的的那样样，要要使作作文行行文连连贯、、条理清楚楚，就就要适适当地地使用用连接接成分分，其其中包包括连连词、、副词、、话语语标志志、用用作状状语的的介词词短语语和部部分独独立结构。。很多连连接成成分具具有多多个方方面的的功能能，在在写英英语作作文时，要要合理理运用用。同同时，，在写写作中中切忌忌连接接词语语的堆砌，，不要要因文文害义义。正正如前前边所所提到到的那那样，，普通的副副词在在句中中位置置十分分灵活活，所所以，，副词词也是是使文章行行文连连贯的的最好好工具具。另另外，，充当当状语语的介介词短语在在文章章中的的连接接作用用也不不容忽忽视。。自主检检测Ⅰ.品品句填填词1.LittleTomlikeagentlemanatyesterday’sparty.2.HehasdecidedtogoabroadtostudywiththeofimprovinghisEnglish.3.Asmanyas30,000refugeesdiedofhungerandlackingcare.4.Theshopassistantdidn’ttakethecustomer’’srequest,asaresult,hisprizewaskeptbackbytheboss.behavesintentionmedicalseriously5.Heisnowoutofworkasaresultofhis,whichresultedinagreatlossinbusiness.6.Ican’ttellyou(明确地)whenIcanfinishtheproject.7.Copper(传导)electricitybetterthanothermaterialsdo.8.He(寻求)revenge(报复)againstSurkovforseparatinghimfromhiswifeandson.carelessnessdefinitelyconductssought9.ShewantedtobethefirstwomantoclimbMountEverest,andshealmost(成功).10.Hehadgotpreparedtotakethe(后果)oflosingmoneywhenhedecidedtoinvestatthebeginning.succeededconsequenceⅡ.短语识境境1.Theguidewarnedthosewhomissedthetrainwouldtheconsequencethemselves.2.Thefactoryclosingbecausethepollutionitcreatedwasn’’ttreatedintime.3.ManypeopleSuperGirls,whichisaquitepopularamusementprogramatpresent.turnout,dealwith,meetourownneeds,followin,beseriouslyaffected,commenton,endup,goagainst,takeaway,beblamedfordealwithendedupcommenton4.Thesandstormsweptthewholeday,thepublictransport.5.Whoevershouldn’tlaw,otherwisehewillbepunished.6.Hisdrivinglicensewasbecauseofdrivingafterdrinking.7.Thefoodcannoteven,howcanwesupportthem?8.Wewonderwhoshouldhavingallowedthesetreestobecutdown.wasaffectedgoagainsttakenawaymeetourownneedsbeblamedfor9.Themancallinghimselfamanagertobeamurderer.10.Millionsofheroespushedaheadwiththerevolution,martyrs’(烈士)footsteps.turnedoutfollowinginⅢ.单项填填空1.Manychildrenthinktheyarewithwhentheirparentsaretryingtoshowconcernaboutthem.A.interferedB.separatedC.disturbedD.offended解析interfere干涉，干干预，妨碍碍；separate分开；disturb打扰；offend得罪,冒犯(及及物动词)。句意：许多多儿童认为为当父母在在试图关心心他们时，，干扰了他们们。A2.Whenthestrangerwasdragginghimaway,thebabyreachedouthishandsinwantofhismother.A.curious B.desperateC.sincere D.serious解析desperate意为“极极度渴望的的”。indesperatewantof表示“极极想得到………”。B3.Inthequestionnaire,thesubjectsarequestionedwhethertheybanningcarsinthecitycenter.A.agreeB.commentC.advocateD.conduct解析析advocatedoingsth.表表示示““拥拥护护(支支持持)做做某事事””。。C4.Allthecandidateswerethestreettobenamedafteragreatmanhisgreatcontributionstothecity.A.infavorof;inneedofB.inpraiseof;infavorofC.inpraiseof;inneedofD.infavorof;inhonorof解析句意意：：所所有有候候选选人人都都赞赞成成以以一一名名伟伟人人的的名名字来来命命名名这这个个街街道道，，以以表表彰彰他他对对这这个个城城市市的的贡贡献献。。D5.——Whyareyoulookingpleased?—Oh,I’’vejusthadajob.A.offeredB.offeringC.toofferD.beingoffered解析析offer和和job之之间间为为被被动动关关系系，，且且表表示示动动作作已完完成成，，故故选选A。。A6.Hetoldussadlythatmorethanonepersoninthecase.A.involvedB.hadinvolvedC.wasinvolvedD.wereinvolved解析析beinvolvedin与与…………有有关关，，使使卷卷入入；；“morethanone+单单数数名名词词””作作主主语语时时，，谓谓语语动动词用单数数。C7.JasonhasbeenpreparingcarefullyforhisEnglishexaminationsothathecouldbesureofpassingitonhisfirst.A.purposeB.desireC.attemptD.intention解析onone’’sfirstattempt为固定定短语，，意为“某人人首次尝尝试”。。C8.Wehadintendedtodoeverythingaccordingtotheschedule,butitdidn’’tasplanned.A.makeupB.turnoutC.goonD.comeup解析句意：我我们原打打算按照照时间表表做一切切事情，但结结果并没没有如计计划地那那样。B9.I’’moutofonthepiano.I’mnotsurewhetherIcanplayitwell.A.p