大学英语精读1unit1

HomeworkbackUnit1SomeStrategiesforLearningEnglish

Teachingprocedure(6periods)

ⅠBeforeReading

1.Warming-upquestions2.ThestatusofEnglishⅡGlobalReading

1.Questions2.ThetextorganizationⅢDetailedReadingⅣAfterReading

Summaryofthetext

ⅠBeforeReadingWhatisthegreatestdifficultyforyoutolearnEnglish?WhatkindofresourcesareavailableforustolearnEnglish?Warming-upquestionsEnglishmovies/songs;Englishradio;Englishcorner;Englishresourcesinthelibrary/ontheinternet;Englishlectures;Contactwithforeigners

Vocabulary:toohardtoexpand;Speaking:can’tspeakidiomaticEnglish;Listening:can’tgraspthemeaningofmaterials…ThestatusofEnglish1/5peoplespeaksEnglish;1/5peopleareleaningEnglish;70%scientistsreadEnglish;85%mailiswritteninEnglish;90%informationintheworld’selectronicretrievalsystemisstoredinEnglish.Blank-filling

EnglishAsanInternationalLanguage

Internationallanguagesincludeboth()languagesthathavebecomeinternationalmeansofcommunicationandlanguages()toservethispurpose.Themostfamousand()artificialinternationallanguageisEsperanto世界语[,espə‘ræntəu]

;however,themostwidespreadinternationallanguageisnotartificial.Today,Englishisusedinmorecountriesas

an（）languageorasthemainmeansofinternationalcommunicationthananyotherlanguage.（）over1.4billionpeopleliveincountrieswhereEnglishhasofficial().Oneoutoffiveoftheworld’spopulationspeakssomeEnglish.existingartificiallyconstructedwidespreadofficialWorldwidestatusAndat()oneinfiveislearningEnglish.About()oftheworld’s()iswritteninEnglish.And90%ofallinformationintheworld’selectronic()systemsisstoredinEnglish.

present85%mailretrieval检索Newwords1.strategy:n.planthatisintendedtoachieveaparticularpurpose策略发展战略developmentstrategy服务战略；服务策略servicestrategy营销战略；营销策略

marketingstrategy2.diligence:n.steadyeffort;carefulandhardeffort勤勉，用功Thepolicearepursuingtheirinquirieswithgreatdiligence.警察正以不懈的努力进行着调查。diligenceinsth./indoingsth.Mikeisadiligentandprolificworker.迈克是个勤奋而且出活多的工人。diligentadj.勤勉的，勤奋的Sheshowsgreatdiligenceinherschoolwork.她做作业非常用功。3.commitvt.①give…tosb.orsth.totakecareofTheoldmancommittedhiswilltothecareofthelawyer.老人把他的遗嘱委托律师保管。②犯罪，做错事把...交托给；

Ihavenevercommittedanycrime.我从没有犯过任何罪。③使…承担义务,做出许诺Don'tcommityourpromisestopaperifyouarenotcertainyoukeepthem.如果你没有把握兑现你的许诺，你就不要做出书面保证。CommitoneselfCommitacrimeCommitmurderCommitsuicide承诺，答应负责

犯罪；犯下罪行

谋杀自杀4.acquaintancen.①knowledgeofsb.orsth.;ShehassomeacquaintancewithFrench.她懂点法语。（对某人某事的）了解②(arelationshipwith)sb.youknowalittleHeisnotafriend,onlyanacquaintance.他不是朋友，只是相熟。noddingacquaintance

不完整或肤浅的知识;泛泛之交;点头之交;continueacquaintance

继续交往;5.concentrate:v.giveallyourattentiontowhatyouaredoingYoumustconcentrateallyourenergiesonthestudyofEnglish.

你必须集中全力学习英语。concentrateon全神贯注做某事6.communicate①传达;传递Peoplemustcommunicatetheirfeelings.人们需要表达自己的情感。②.沟通，交流（情感，想法等）Hehadnowaytocommunicatewithhisbrother.③沟通;联系;交流

Theycommunicatedinsignlanguage.他们用手语交流。Mynaturalmotherhasnevercommunicatedwithme.我的亲生母亲从未和我联系过。7.rely:vi.trustordependon(sb.orsth.)Pattern:relyon/upon(sb./sth.)for/todo(sth.)你可以信赖我会帮助你的。

Youmayrelyonmetohelpyou.Youcan'trelyontheweather.这天气可靠不住。依赖；信赖8.accumulate:graduallygetmoreandmoreofsth.overaperiodoftimetoaccumulategreatwealthbyhardwork积聚财富靠勤劳积攒大量财富toaccumulatewealthaccumulateevidence收集证据accumulateexperience获取经验

①Skimthewholetextandgetthemainidea.LearningEnglishisnoteasy.Itisaprocessofaccumulation.Buttherearesomestrategieswecanuse.GlobalReadingHowmanylearningstrategiesforlearningEnglisharementionedinthetext?Whatarethey?②Readthetextasquicklyasyoucanandanswerthefollowingquestions.LearningEnglishDifferentwaystodifferentwordsIdiomaticwaystospeakingSeizeopportunitiestospeakReadwidelyWriteregularlyListentoeveryday↗←↖↙↘→:TextOrganizationTextorganizationPart1(1-2)Part2(3-8)Part3(9)Dividethetextinto3partsandgetthemainideaofeachone.Partone:

MainideasParttwo:UsefultipsonlearningEnglishPartthreeLanguagelearningisaprocessofaccumulation.Learningenglishisnoteasy,butithassomestrategies.DetailedReading1.LearningEnglishisbynomeanseasy.Ittakesgreatdiligenceandprolongedeffort.bynomeans:notatallThisisbynomeansoutoftheordinary.这件事情绝不寻常。

Collocation:

bymeansof以…，借着…byallmeans无论如何,务必byfairmeansorfoul不择手段地bynomeans/notbyanymeans/bynomannerofmeans决不，一点也不What’stheimpliedmeaningofthesetwosentences?Ontheonehand,theauthorstatesthefactthatEnglishlearningisaverydifficulttask;ontheotherhand,theauthorforeshadowsthatsomestrategiesareneededtohelpusfulfillthetoughtask.2.Nevertheless,whileyoucannotexpecttogainagoodcommandofEnglishwithoutsustainedhardwork,therearevarioushelpfullearningstrategiesyoucanemploytomakethetaskeasier.sustain

vt.makesb./sth.continueTheconferencediscussionfocusesonthesustaineddevelopmentofeducation.Paraphrasethesentence.agoodcommandof…:knowledgeofortheabilitytousesth.eg:DashanhasagoodcommandofChinese.sustained:adj.continuingforalongtimeeg:Astrongbeliefsustainedme.AlthoughyouhavetoworkhardcontinuallyinordertobegoodatEnglish,youcanalsomakeuseofsomelearningstrategiestohelpyouattainyourgoal.

Nevertheless,while

①(youcannotexpecttogainagoodcommandofEnglishwithoutsustainedhardwork),②(therearevarioushelpfullearningstrategiesyouemploytomakethetaskeasier).Herearesomeofthem.

Withoutkeepingworkinghardallthetime,youcannotdowellinEnglishYoucanusemanykindsofmethodstohelpyoutolearnEnglisheasily`虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语,然而还是有各种有用的学习策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些.employhireengage表示支付薪水，较长期、固定地雇用某人表示支付一定钱额，雇用某人短期从事某项工作。表示任命、安排某人从事某项工作。宾馆雇用的女性要比男性多。我雇了个泥瓦匠在阳台上砌了一堵墙。那个老板又雇了个秘书。Hotelsemploymorewomenthanmen.Ihiredabricklayertobuildawallonthebalcony.Thebosshasengagedanewsecretary.3.Haveyouevercomplainedaboutyourmemorybecauseyoufinditsimplyimpossibletomemorizeallthenewwordsyouarelearning?

complain

n.saysth.thatyouareunhappyabout抱怨句型：complaintosb.about/ofsth.

向某人抱怨某事eg:Hecomplainedtomeofthelastingrainyseason.我确实没什么好抱怨的。I’vereallyhavenothingtocomplainof.句型：findit(im)possibletodosth.

发现做某事可能（不可能）memorize

vt.learn(sth.)sothatyourememberitperfectlymemoryn.eg:Theboycanmemorizethesedataeasily.演员需要善于快速记住台词。Anactormustbeabletomemorizethelinesquickly.强调句型：Itis...that…PremierWenalwayscametothedisaster-affectedplacesattheveryfirsttime.ItisPremierWenthatalwayscametothedisaster-affectedplacesattheveryfirsttime.4.Itisnotyourmemorythatisatfault.atfault:bewrong/responsibleeg:Failingtofinishthistaskintime,heisabsolutelyatfault.当婚姻破裂，很难说是谁的责任。Whenamarriagebrokeup,itishardtosaywhoisatfault.

5.Ifyoucramyourheadwithtoomanynewwordsatatime,someofthemareboundtobecrowdedout.

cramv.putsth.somewheresothatthatplaceiscompletelyfilled

词组：cram…with…eg:TheChristmasFathercramshisbagwithallkindsofpresents.

beboundto:becertaintoeg:Youareboundtosucceedifyoupersistentlyworkhard.6.Whatyouneedtodoistodealwithnewwordsindifferentwaysaccordingtohowfrequentlytheyoccurineverydayuse.

occur

vihappen;appeareg:我想到了一个很棒的主意。Agreatideaoccurredtome.Thisphenomenonoccurredofteninthiscountry。.

whatyouneedtodo是一个名词短语作主语，todealwith是动词不定式作表语。what可引导类似的名词短语，例如:Yourhealthiswhatwereallycareabout。TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.你需要做的是根据生词日常使用的频率以不同的方式对待它们。

7.Whileactivewordsdemandconstantpracticeandusefulwordsmustbecommittedtomemory,wordsthatdonotoftenoccurineverydaysituationsrequirejustanoddingacquaintance.

commit(sth.)tomemory:记住eg.Wefinditdifficulttocommitallthenewwordstomemory.我们发现早晨记单词容易些。Wefinditeasiertocommitwordstomemoryinthemorning.anoddingacquaintance:alittleknowingofsth.eg:Ionlyhaveanoddingacquaintancewithhisnovels.

露西对足球的了解很肤浅。Lucyonlyhasanoddingacquaintancewithfootball.

While

①(activewordsdemandconstantpracticeandusefulwordsmustbe

committedtomemory),②(wordsthatdonotoftenoccurineverydaysituationsrequirejustanoddingacquaintance).

Wordsthatoftenusedshouldbeexercisedfrequentlyandusefulmustbelearnedbyheart.Weshouldonlyhavealittleknowingofthewordsthatdonotoftenused积极词汇需要经常练习,有用的词汇必须牢记,而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需要见到时认识即可.

8.Youwillfindconcentratingonactiveandusefulwordsthemosteffectiveroutetoenlargingyourvocabulary.

eg:TheroutetolearningEnglishwellisdiscussedinthistext.eg:IwillconcentrateonthelearningofEnglish.

concentrateon

sth.全神贯注于某事the

routetodoingsth.做某事的方法9.Watchoutforidiomaticwaysofsayingthings.Watchoutfor:lookoutfor;beon(one’s)guardagainstWhatproblemsshouldIwatchoutforwhenbuyinganoldhouse?10.InlearningEnglish,youmustpayattentionnotonlytothemeaningofaword,butalsotothewaynativespeakersuseitintheirdailylives.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese在学习英语时，你不仅必须注意词义，还必须注意以英语为母语的人在日常生活中如何使用它。本句用notonly…butalso连接了两个并列的名词性结构作动词短语的宾语，第二个结构中存在一个定语从句thewayinwhichnativespeakersuseitintheirdailylives，原文中省略了inwhich。2.Analyzethestructureofthesentence11.ListeningtoEnglishonaregularbasiswillnotonlyimproveyourear,butwillalsohelpyoubuildyourspeakingskills.onaregularbasis:oftenandaccordingtoasetfrequencyIwritetohimonaregularbasis.送奶员定期给我们送奶。Themilkmansendsusmilkonaregularbasis.Paraphrasethephrase“improveone’sear”.“Ear”heremeanssenseofhearing.Thisphrasemaybeparaphrasedas“developone’slisteningcompetence”.12.ItistruethattherearefewsituationsatschoolwhereyouhavetocommunicateinEnglish,butyoucanseekoutopportunitiestopracticespeakingthelanguage.seekout:lookfor;trytofindsomeoneorsomething,especiallywhenthisisdifficult科学家们需要寻找实验中的因果关系。Scientistsneedtoseekoutcause-and-effectrelationshipsintheexperiment.1.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.的确，在学校里必须用英语进行交流的场合并不多，但你还是可以找到练习讲英语的机会。2.Analyzethestructureofthesentence.Itistrue…but…建立的是让步状语从句结构，语气上比单纯由although/though或but所引导的让步状语从句强烈一些。13.Afteryouhavemadeapurchaseinashoporfinishedamealinarestaurantandpaidthecheck,pretendthatallthishappenedinanEnglish-speakingcountryandtrytoactitoutinEnglish.

purchase:n.theactofbuyingMostadultInternetshoppersmakepurchasesfromhome.vt.buysomethingYoucanpurchaseinsuranceon-line.14.Readwidely.Itisimportanttoreadwidelybecauseinourlearningenvironment,readingisthemainandmostreliablesourceoflanguageinput.environment:n.

conditionsinwhichpeoplecarryonaparticularactivity;naturalworldinwhichanimals,peopleandplantsliveYoungchildrenoftenfeelhappierinthehomeenvironment.environment,circumstance&surroundings这三个词都有“环境”之意。environment表示由周围的人、物等一切物质和精神因素所构成的环境。例如：Apleasantworkingenvironmentisofvitalimportance.有一个令人愉快的工作环境是极其重要的。circumstance通常用复数，表示对局势产生影响的各种条件的总和。Eg.Prisonerscanonlyleavetheircellsundercertaincircumstances.犯人们只有在某些情况下才能离开他们的牢房。surroundings指环境时只可用复数形式，表示各种物体所构成的物质上的自然环境。Heswitchedonthelightandexaminedhissurroundings.他打开灯，仔细检查四周。15.Itpaystoabsorbasmuchasyoucanfromreadingandlisteningandthentrytoputwhatyouhavelearnedintopracticethroughspeakingandwriting.

pay:v.givemoneyinexchangeforgoodsorservices;bearacostorpenaltyEg.Hepaidthebill.Mumpaidformydrivinglessons.有一天你一定会为你的自私付出代价。You'llhavetopayforyourselfishnesssomeday.

Collocation:

itpaystodo(sth.)payattentiontopaytributetopayacall/visittopayoffpayout做某事是大有益处的注意赞颂拜访付清付出put…intopractice:carryoutorperformOnemusthavethoroughlymasteredatheorybeforeonecanputitintopracticeproperly.对任何理论，先要融会贯通，才谈得上运用自如。AprojecttomodernizetheteachingprocesshasrecentlybeenputintopracticeincollegesinChina.

AnalyzethestructureofthesentenceItpaystodosth.Itisbeneficialtodosth.Itpaystoreadasmanyclassicworksaspossible..TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.从读和听中尽量多吸收，然后再试着把学到的东西通过说和写加以运用，定会大有收益。SummaryRemarks

Aspointedoutinthetext,learningEnglihisaprocessofaccumulation.LearningEnglishrequiressomehelpfulstrategiesaswellasdiligenceandeffort.ItisurgenttorememberthosestrategiesandtryconsciouslytodevelopthemforourEnglishstudy.Youalsoshouldbalanceyourinputandoutput.Homework1.Reviewwhatwe’velearnedtoday2.PreviewtherestofthetextUsefulexpressions:Bynomeans

决不,毫不Atfault

有过错，有责任Atatime

每次，一次Beboundto

肯定会Committomemory

记住Watchoutfor

密切注意Learnof/about得知，听说Onaregularbasis经常Inadditionto除…之外Overandoveragain反复，Seekout

寻找，找出

Forinstance例如Indetail详细地Actout将…表演出来Apartfrom除…之外Put…intopractice把…付诸实践Penpal笔友Boundbook精装书绵绵不断的雨constantrainCommittoflames付之一炬犯罪commitacrimeHavesomeacquaitancewith略懂，略知航线air/searouteEnlargedmeeting扩大会议习惯用法idiomaticusageAdditionaltax附加税校园里oncampusDancingpartner舞伴可靠的信息来源areliablesoureofinformationAssignaday指定一个日期文字处理wordprocessingCulturaldifference文化差异总而言之insummary/sumupCapitalaccumulation资本积累专注，专心于beabsorbedin战略计划strategiesplanMeansofcommunication通讯工具长期努力prolongedeffortAgoodcommandofenglish精通英语可持续发展sustainabledevelopmentAletterofcomplaint投诉信仓促用功备考CramforatestHomeworkDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicDoesHappinessLieinContentment?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.古语有云：知足常乐2.但很多人并不认同，他们认为只有不满足现状才能进步3.你对此有什么看法VocabularyActivities

1.1)e2)g3)j4)a5)b6)I7)c8)d9)h10)f2.1)handing2)summarized3）process4）absorb5）areboundto6)feelfree7)forinstance8)strategies9)complained10)hascommitted…tomemory11)Nevertheless12)rely…on13)Apartfrom14)command3.1)overandoveragain2)atatime3)putitintopractice4)watchingoutfor5)bynomeans6)concentrateon7)Inadditionto8)indetailEnrichingYourWordPower

①a)additionalb)addc)additiond)addition②a)effectivelyb)effectc)effectived)effect③a)helpfulb)helpc)helplessd)helpe)helplesslyf)helpfullyg)helpful④a)reliantb)reliablec)reliance,reliabled)reliese)reliably⑤a)repetitionb)repeatingc)repeatedlyd)repeatede)repetitionUsage1)Inmyopinion2)AccordingtoMary3)Inouropinion4)Accordingtotoday’spapers5)Inmostdoctors’opinion/Accordingtomostdoctorsstructure1)①Shakespearewasnotonlyadramatistbutalsoanactor.

structure②MissCrainnotonlytookmehomeinhercar,butalsocamethenextdaytoseeifIhadrecovered.③HainanIslandattractstouristsnotonlyinwinterbutalsoinsummer.④Thereisalwaysablackmarketnot