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Unit4Sharing同步练习【美文阅读】MakeaDifferencewinsPM'sBigSocietyAwardMakeaDifference是英国一个慈善组织,它鼓励年轻人为社会做贡献。MakeaDifference-aprojectthatinspiresyoungpeopleinMiltonKeynestobettertheirlivesandthosearoundthemthroughpositiveactionsandvolunteering-isthelatestwinnerofthePrimeMinister'sBigSocietyAward.Thecommunityinterestcompanyhasengagedover3,000youngpeopleinfiveyearsandsecuredover£1millioninfundingfornumerousprojects.SuccessesincludetheregenerationoftheformerBusStation-theBuszy-inCentralMiltonKeynes,nowregardedasthecity'syouthandcommunitycentre.Theyhavealsoworkedtoimproveyouthoffendingservices,setupadisabledyouthclubandhelpimprovelocalsports,artsandheritageservicesforthecommunity.ThePrimeMinistersaid,“CongratulationstoeveryoneatMakeaDifferencefortheworkyoudotochangepeople'spassionatelybelievethatweneedastrongersocietywherepeoplevolunteermore,givemoreandtakemorecontroloftheirlives-takingtheleadtoimprovelocalaDifferenceisagreatexampleofthecreativityandinnovationwehaveinthiscountrythatcandeliverabetterBritain.”DeniseDavis­Boreham,CEOofMakeaDifferencesaid,“Weareabsolutelydelightedtohavewonthis'sanhonournotonlyfortheorganizationandstaffbutalsoforallouryoungvolunteersandtheyoungpeoplewhobenefitfromourservices.”Thisawarddemonstratesthatyoungpeoplecanmakearealdifferenceandapositivecontributiontothesociety.【诱思导学】1.Pleaselistsomethingthattheproject“MakeaDifference”doesforthecommunity.________________________________________________________________________2.HowdidDeniseDavis­BorehamthinkthePrimeMinister'sBigsocietyAward?________________________________________________________________________【答案】1.①Toimproveyouthoffendingservices.②Tosetupadisabledyouthclub.③Tohelpimprovelocalsports,artsandheritageservices.thinksitisanhonourfortheorganization,staff,alltheyoungvolunteersandtheyoungpeoplewhobenefitfromtheirservices.

PeriodⅠPreviewing(教师用书独具)●教学目标初步掌握本课文中的词汇,浅层次理解课文,了解相关的背景知识。本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习,了解本课文中所出现的词汇,初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识,让学生在下一堂课中对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。●教学地位本单元的重点话题是帮助弱者、志愿服务、合作共享等。通过听、说、读、写等活动不仅学习有关的语言知识,还要培养学生的社会责任感。通过本单元的学习,让学生了解帮助弱者、志愿服务、合作共享等意义,培养学生关心弱势群体,热爱志愿服务,积极与他人合作共享等的良好情操。(教师用书独具)●新课导入建议首先要求学生回顾自己曾经做过的助人为乐的好事,并根据好事的内容进行分类,然后讨论volunteer一词的内涵。指出志愿服务的种类和意义等。倡导学生积极参与志愿服务,学会合作共享等。●教学流程设计导入新课⇒学生阅读“美文阅读”与“诱思导学”(见学案第48页)。⇒学生就“美文阅读”进行讨论,统一答案。⇓学生再次阅读课文(课本第29-30页)并完成“语篇理解”(见学案第49页)。⇐师生共同讨论并统一答案。⇐让学生快速阅读课文(课本第29-30页)并完成“篇章结构”(见学案第49页)。⇓学生共同讨论,并让学生发表各自见解,最后统一答案。⇒学生再次仔细阅读课文(课本第29-30页)进行深度理解,并完成“课文缩写”(见学案第49页)。⇒老师指导学生讨论,共同找出答案。⇓让学生根据所给出的表格进行自我评估(见学案第50页)。⇐学生讨论,并让学生代表发表他们讨论得出的答案。老师予以更正。⇐让学生完成“知识初探”部分(见学案第50页)。⇓老师布置作业,让学生看课本第29-30页并完成课本第31页第1、2、3题,预习学案PeriodⅡ(见学案第50页),写一篇关于人的记叙文。Ⅰ.篇章结构阅读文章,然后完成下面表格(每空不超过3词)ALetterHomeThecustomsandlivesofthepeo­pleinTombe'svillageTypeofhousesSmall,round,madeof;men'shutshavegrassthetopoftheroof,nowindows(menandwomenhaveseparatehuts);smalldoor,floorcoveredwithfreshgrass.Familyrelationships(“EveryoneseemedtobearelativeofTombe's.”)Cookingmethodsareplacedinanoildrum,andthenvegetablesareplacedinthedrum,coveredwithbanana.SleepingarrangementsAfortheguests,Kiakusuallysleptinherownhut.DietSweetpotato,corn,,peanutsPossessions,onebroom,afewtinplatesandcups,acoupleofjarsAgricultureareverydiggingstick.(Thereisnomachinery.)BeliefsThevillagersbelieveinevilbelievethatleftoverfoodevilspiritssotheydryitoutinacanoverthethecanisthrownoutofthehut.【答案】,grassroofsoutof3.Largeextendedfamiliesstonesandsteamedsleepingplatform,bananaleavesmanyⅡ.语篇理解阅读P29-30的Reading部分,从每题所给的3个选项中选择最佳答案1.What'sthemainideaoftheletter?A.JotoldRosemarywhatshehaddoneandseeninPapuaNewGuinea.B.JoadvisedustocometoPapuaNewGuinea.C.JoencouragedherfriendtoliveinPapuaNewGuinea.2.WemayinferfromthetextthatTombe'sfamily______.A.seldommetstrangersB.hadthesamebeliefasJoC.hadabadrelationshipwiththeirneighbors3.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?A.JocouldunderstandTombe'sfamilyverywell.B.Theconditionsoftheschoolwerepoor.C.Tombe'sfamilywerelivingacomfortablelife.4.Whydoesthewritercalltheschoolabushone?A.Becauseitisbuiltinthebush.B.Becauseitismadeofbush.C.Becausetheclassroomsaremadeofbambooandtheroofsofgrass.5.Theconditionsforteachingandstudyingarebothhardbecause________.A.thereisnolivingthingsaroundB.theyhavealittleadvancedequipmentforscienceexperimentsC.theydon'thavetextbooksaswellaselectricityandwater【答案】1-5AABCCⅢ.课文缩写用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成课文缩写DearRosemary,Thanksforyourwaswonderfultoyou'retohearallaboutmylife'lltalkaboutitnow.Itmeafewminutestowalktomyhighschool,wherethere'snoelectricityorwaterandevenno'shardtothesehavedifficultyinteachingtheseboyssciencewithoutanyevendoubtwhetherI'mtotheirlives.It'squiteformetovisitlocalpeopleandgettoknowthem,becauseIdon'tunderstandtheironceI,togetherwithanotherteacher,visitedavillagewhereTombe,oneoftheboysboy'shutwasdarkandanarrowfamilyhadfewpossessions,buttheyledahappyIcouldn'ttheirlovedlisteningtotheirsofttalkintheirtherehavethehabitoftheleftoverfood.Weleftthevillagethenextmorningandfelthappyaboutthisexperience.Pleasewritesoon.Love,Jo【答案】fromtoadjusttoanydifference7.difficultnowindowsinoutⅠ.词义搭配1.relevantA.farawayintimeorspace2.remoteB.connectedwiththesubjectorproblembeingdiscussedorconsidered3.adjustC.totakepartin;tojoinin4.participateD.thingsthatyoumustorganizesothataneventcanhappen5.interpreterE.apersonwhosejobistotranslatewhatsayingintoanotherlanguage6.otherwiseF.rightoradvantagethataparticularpersonorgroupofpeoplehas7.privilegeG.inadifferentwaytothewaymentioned8.arrangementH.tomakesmallchangesinordertoimproveit【答案】Ⅱ.短语填空hearfrom;bedyingto;theotherday;comeacross;participatein;stickout;adjustoneselfto;dryout;dryup;relevantto1.Itwasthreemonthslaterthatwe________thePassportVisaService.2.IwasonabusinesstripinPariswhenIjust________HenrywhomIhadn'tseenforages.3.Thehotsunis________theground________,andthecropscan'tgrow.4.Thegirl________marrytheofficerbutherparentsdidn'tallowherto.5.I'mterriblysorrytosaythatIhavelostthemagazineyoulentme________.6.Hehunguphiswetcoatinorderto______it________.【答案】fromacross;updyingtootherday;outⅢ.句型背诵1.TheotherdayIwas_showingtheboystheweeklychemistryexperimentwhen,_beforeIknewit,themixturewasbubblingovereverywhere!有一天,我正在给男孩子们做每周一次的化学实验演示,我还没明白怎么回事,混合剂就到处冒气泡了!2.Butlastweekendanotherteacher,Jenny,andIdid_visitavillagewhichisthehomeofoneoftheboys,Tombe.不过,上周末我和另外一位叫珍妮的老师真的去了一个村庄,那是其中一个男生汤贝的家。3.Wewalkedfortwoandahalfhourstogetthere-firstupamountaintoaridgefrom_wherewehadfantasticviewsandthendownasteeppathtothevalleybelow.我们走了两个半小时到那儿。先爬到山脊,在那儿我们欣赏了优美的风景,然后下了一个陡坡到了下面的山谷。4.When_hot,heplacedtheminanemptyoildrumwithkaukau(sweetpotato),cornandgreens.待(石块)烧热之后,他把它们连同考考(红薯)、玉米和青菜一起放进一个空的油桶中。5.It_wassucha_privilege_to_have_spentadaywithTombe'sfamily.跟汤贝一家度过一天,真是一种荣幸。

PeriodⅡWarmingUp&Reading(教师用书独具)●教学目标1.熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。2.通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习,让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语。3.通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次地理解课文,并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解,更加熟练地运用这些词汇。(4)通过对本课文的理解,培养学生写记叙文的技巧,并培养学生养成随时用英语写作的好习惯,以提高学生的书面表达能力。●教学地位单词和短语是英语学习的重点,在语言学习中起至关重要的作用,所以理解和正确运用英语单词和短语是学好英语的关键所在。(教师用书独具)●新课导入建议Weallknowthateveryonemaymeetwithsomedifficultyortroubleinourdailylife,soeveryoneshouldhelpeachother.Ifyouhavesomedifficultyortroublehowdoyoufaceit?NowIwillask×××tosaysomewaystoovercomehisorherdifficulty.(老师让×××同学说说他\她的克服困难的方法。)●教学流程设计老师检查上堂课所布置的作业,检查学生对学案预习的情况。⇒导入新课。⇒让学生就“课堂互动探究”(见学案第50页)进行讨论,让学生各自发表自己的见解,然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。⇓让学生再次阅读课文(课本第29-30页)以加深对所学单词与短语的理解。⇐老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解,并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇,补充一些必要的练习。⇐让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论,然后老师给出详细正确答案。⇓让学生完成“自我评估”(见学案第54页)。⇒布置作业。让学生完成课本第31页第1、2、3题,“课时作业”和预习PeriodⅢ(见学案第55页)。

1.hear(sth.)fromsb.接到某人的信、电话等Itwaswonderfultohearfromyou.(教材P29)收到你的来信真是太棒了。Ihaven'theardanythingfromherformonths.我好几个月都没她的音信了。Allhisfamilyjumpedwithjoywhenheheardfromthefamousuniversity.当他收到那所知名大学的来信的时候,他全家都高兴得跳起来。heardo...听到某人在做/做了……hearabout听说……hearthat...听说……hearofsb./sth.听说某人/某物hear听某人把话说完Hearmeoutbeforeyoudecide.先听我说完你再做决定。IhaveneverheardofamanwiththenameJohn.我从来没听说过一个名叫约翰的人。(2013·临沂高二检测)—Whendidyoulasthear________Jay?—Hephonedmethismorning,andweagreed________atimeandplacetomeet.A.of;toB.about;withC.from;withD.from;on【解析】句意:——你最后一次得知Jay的消息是什么时候?——今天早上他给我打电话,我们约定了见面的时间和地点。hearabout/of“听到有关……,听说”;hearfrom“收到……的来信,得知某人的消息”;agreeonsth.“在……方面取得一致意见”;agreetodosth.“同意做某事”;agreetosth.“同意计划、安排、方案等”;agreewithsth./sb.“同意某人(的意见)”。【答案】D2.(be)dyingtodo...极想做……Iknowyou'redyingtohearallaboutmylifehere,soI'veincludedsomephotoswhichwillhelpyoupicturetheplacesItalkabout.(教材P29)我知道你急于了解我在这儿的生活情况,所以我在信中附有几张照片,它们会帮助你想象出我所谈到的地方。ThereisnodoubtthatalltheSyriansaredyingtoliveapeacefullife.毫无疑问,所有的叙利亚人都渴望过安宁的生活。bedyingforsth.极想得到某物ThechildrenaredyingfortheChristmasgifts.孩子们渴盼圣诞礼物。Shewasdyingforaholidaytorelaxherself.她非常渴望一个假期来放松一下自己。【教师备课资源】表示“渴望做某事,很想做某事”的短语还有:①beeagerforsth.beeagertodosth.beanxiousforsth.beanxioustodosth.bethirstyforsth.bethirstytodosth.bekeenonsth.bekeentodosth.②starveforsth.starvetodosth.desireforsth.desiretodosth.longforsth.longtodosth.③haveastrongdesireforsth.,haveastrongdesiretodosth.haveanurgeforsth.,haveanurgetodosth.完成句子①Thestudents________(渴望)knowtheresultoftheexaminationintheclassroom.②Iwould________(对……极其渴望)abike20yearsagowhenIwasachild.【答案】①aredyingto②bedyingfor3.The_other_dayIwas_showingtheboystheweeklychemistryexperimentwhen,beforeIknewit,themixturewasbubblingovereverywhere!(教材P29)有一天,我正在给男孩子们做每周一次的化学实验演示,我还没明白怎么回事,混合剂就到处冒气泡了!(1)theotherday不久前的一天;那天(用于说话前不久的日子)Theotherday,Imetanoldfriendinthestreet.前几天,我在街上遇到了一位老朋友。I'mverysorryaboutthatproblemtheotherday.我对前几天的那个问题感到非常遗憾。theotherday/oneday/someday/anotherdaytheotherday“不久前的一天”,只用于一般过去时。oneday“某一天”,既可用于一般过去时,也可用于一般将来时。someday“将来某一天”,只用于一般将来时。anotherday既可表示近期将来的某一天,意为“改天”,也可表示过去或状态延续的“又一天”。OnedayImethiminthestreet.有一天我在街上遇见了他。Somedayyouwillbesorryaboutit.总有一天你会为这件事感到后悔的。Heputawaythoseironscraps,hopingthattheymaybeusefulsomeday.他把那些碎铁皮收起来,希望这些东西也许有一天会有用处。用所给动词的适当形式填空①Nevergiveup,andyourdream________(come)trueoneday.②OnedayI________(see)herinthestreet.③SomedayI________(tell)youallaboutit.④Theotherday,he________(buy)manybooksfromthebookshop.⑤I________(tell)youtherestofthestoryanotherday.【答案】①willcome②saw③willtell④bought⑤willtell(2)本句画线部分为句型:bedoing...when...“正在做……就在这时(突然)……”。when是并列连词,意为“就在这时(突然)”,相当于andthen或andatthattime。IwasjustcomingtoseeyouwhenIranintoWilson.我正要去看你,这时我碰到了威尔逊。Hewaswalkinginthestreetwhenhemetanoldfriend.他正在街上走着,这时遇到了一位老朋友。beabouttodo...when...正要干……这时……beonthepointofdoing...when...正要干……这时……hadjustdone...when...刚刚做完……这时……IhadjustgivenupwhenIwasspottedbyaship.我正要放弃时被一艘轮船发现了。IwasonthepointofwatchingTVwhentherewasaloudknockatthedoor.我正在看电视,这时响起了猛烈的敲门声。【对接高考】(2013·陕西高考)Jim________alatenightfilmathomewhen,rightinthemiddleofathrillingscene,thetelevisionwentblank.A.watchedB.hadwatchedC.waswatchingD.wouldbewatching【解析】题干的意思是:“吉姆在家看一部午夜电影,看到中间一幕惊险的场景时,屏幕上突然出现一片空白。”该句考查bedoing...when...结构,意为“正在做……就在这时(突然)……”。从后面的动作wentblank可知“看电影”发生在过去;并且是当吉姆正在看的时候,所以该题要用过去进行时态,即waswatching。【答案】C完成句子⑥我正要出去,这时汤姆进来了。I________goout________Tomcamein.⑦昨天晚上我们正在教室里学习,突然停电了。We________intheclassroom________theelectricitywascutofflastnight.【答案】⑥wasaboutto;when⑦werestudying;when4.relevantadj.有关的;切题的SometimesIwonderhowrelevantchemistryistothesestudents,mostofwhomwillbegoingbacktotheirvillagesafterYear8anyway.(教材P29)有时候,我真想知道化学对这些孩子究竟有多大的用处。反正他们中大多数上完八年级以后就会回到他们的村庄去。MaintainingpeaceandstabilityontheKoreanPeninsulaisinlinewiththecommoninterestsofrelevantparties.维护朝鲜半岛的和平与稳定符合有关各方的共同利益。Hisnationalityisn'trelevanttowhetherhe'sagoodlawyer.他的国籍与他是否是个优秀的律师无关。①berelevantto与……有关②relevantlyadv.有关地;切题地③relevancen.关联;贴切;中肯④irrelevantadj.无关的;不切题的beirrelevanttosth./sb.与某物/人不相关Pleasesupplyfactswithrelevancetothecase.请提供与该案有关的事实。Don'tcareabouttheirrelevantremarks.不要在乎这些不相关的言论。Hisbeingagoodlawyerisirrelevanttowhathelearnedatschool.他是个优秀的律师,这与他在学校所学的无关。【教师备课资源】表示“与……有关”的短语还有beconcernedwithbeconnectedwithberelatedtohavesomethingtodowith完成句子①Thesetheories________________(与……有关)practicedirectly.②Thejobofthiskind________________(与……无关)sex.【答案】①arerelevantto/arerelatedto/areconcernedwith/havesomethingtodowith②isirrelevantto/isnotrelevantto/isnotrelatedto/isnotconcernedwith/hasnothingtodowith5.Butlastweekendanotherteacher,Jenny,andIdid_visitavillagewhichisthehomeofoneoftheboys,Tombe.(教材P29)不过,上周末我和另外一位叫詹妮的教师真的去了一个村庄,那是其中一个男生汤贝的家。本句画线部分使用了“do/does/did+动词原形”构成的强调句。这种强调句只用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句,且只对谓语动词进行强调;其中助动词do/does/did可译为“确实,的确”,在句中要重读。注意:在祈使句中使用时,往往不表示命令,而表示强烈的请求,有时表达更加客气的语气,可译为“务必,一定要”。Hedidcomehereyesterday.他昨天的确来这里了。Wedooftengotoworkbybike.我们确实经常骑自行车去上班。Hedoeshaveawalkontheplaygroundeveryday.他的确每天都在操场上散步。对下列句子中的谓语动词进行强调①Heknowstheplacewell.________________________________________________________________________②Imethiminthesupermarkettheotherday.________________________________________________________________________③Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.________________________________________________________________________【答案】①Hedoesknowtheplacewell.②Ididmeethiminthesupermarkettheotherday.③Dobecarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.6.adjustvi.&vt.调整;(使)适合Thehutwasdarkinsidesoittooktimeforoureyestoadjust.(教材P30)小屋内很黑,因此我们的眼睛要过好一阵才能适应过来。TheUSurgedtheChinesegovernmenttoadjustitsmonetarypolicy.美国敦促中国政府调整货币政策。Thenewstudentsslowlyadjustedthemselvestothenewlife.新生慢慢适应了新的生活。①adjuststh.调整……以适应……adjusttosth./doingsth.适应于……adjustoneselfto...使自己适应于……②adjustableadj.可调整的;可调节的adjustmentn.调节;调整;校正makeadjustmentsto对……作出调整Headjustedhimselfveryquicklytotheheatofthecountry.他使自己很快适应了这个国家的炎热气候。Adjustyourlanguagetotheageofyouraudience.要根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言。Astronautsinflightmustadjusttoweightlessness.宇航员在飞行中得适应失重状态。完成句子①Ittookheralongtime__________________(适应独自生活).②Youcan'tseethroughthetelescopeuntil__________(调节到适合于你的目光).【答案】①toadjusttolivingalone②itisadjustedtoyoureyes7.participatevi.参与;参加Ilovedlisteningtothefamilysoftlytalkingtoeachotherintheirlanguage,eventhoughIcouldnotparticipateintheconversation.(教材P30)我喜欢听他们家里人轻声细语地用自己的语言交谈,尽管我不能参与谈话。Heoftenparticipatesinactivitiesafterclass.他经常参加课外活动。Youwillfindthatitisgoodforyoutoparticipateinaclassdiscussion.你会发现参加班级讨论对你有好处。①participatein参加participatein(doing)sb.与某人一起参加/参与做某事participatewithsth.与某人分担②participationn.参加;参与③participantn.参加者;参与者Chinawillcontinuetodevelopfriendlyexchangeswithothercountriesandparticipateininternationalcooperation.中国将继续与其他国家进行友好的交流活动并参与国际合作。participatein/attend/join/takepartin/joininparticipatein“参加,参与”,正式用语。强调参加某一共同的活动,暗示以一种积极的态度参加。attend正式用语,一般指参加/出席会议、典礼或招待会等,也可指上学、上课、听演讲或讲座等。join作及物动词。通常指参加某组织或团体并成为其中的一员,其宾语多为thearmy/party/team/club或sb.等;也可指加入到别人正在进行的动作或活动中去,常用于joinsth.。takepartin指参加群众性的活动,侧重于主语参加该活动并在其中发挥一定作用。part前若有修饰语,要加不定冠词,如takeanactivepartin。joinin参加某一活动,其宾语一般是小规模的竞赛、娱乐、谈话、讨论、聚会、游戏等名词,可用于joinin(doing)sth.。用上述词汇的适当形式填空①Theyall________thecompetition.②Attheageofeight,he________agroupofchilddancers.③Thechildren________theEnglisheveningandhadagoodtime.④Hedidn't________schoolyesterdaybecauseofhisillness.⑤ZhouEnlai________thestudentmovementsactivelywhenhewasatschool.【答案】①participatedin/tookpartin②joined③joinedin/attended/tookpartin④attend⑤tookpartin8.dryout(使浸水等之物)完全变干;干透Tombetoldmethatthecanwasheatedtodryouttheleftoverfood.(教材P30)汤贝告诉我说,加热锡罐是为了把里面的残菜剩饭烧干。Hemadeafiretodryouthiswetshirt.他生火烘干淋湿的衬衣。Keepyourwetcoatnearthefireanddryitoutquickly.把你的湿大衣拿到炉火旁,快把它烤干。dryout/dryoff/dryupdryout使干透,使某物完全变干。dryoff使变干,把某物弄干,尤指表面。擦干(=dryup)。dryup河流,湖泊的干涸;把某物擦干;供应品等的耗尽;工作的逐渐减少或没有。Don'tleavethevegetableonthetable,oritwilldryout.不要把蔬菜放在桌子上,否则它会变干的。ManyriversinAfricahavedrieduprecently.最近非洲的许多河流都干涸了。Wewentswimmingandthenlayinthesuntodryoff.我们去游了泳,然后就躺在太阳下晒干。完成句子①Hangtheclothesnearthefire________(晾干).②Duringthedrought,thereservoirs________(都干涸了).【答案】①todryout②alldriedup用dry的相关短语的适当形式填空③Wewaitedforourwetclothes________.④Theburningsunhad________thisarea.⑤He________thecamera________,hopingitwouldstillwork.【答案】③todryout④driedup⑤dried;off/up9.otherwiseconj.否则;不然adv.用别的方法;其他方面Otherwisetheydon'twasteanything.(教材P30)否则的话他们是不会浪费任何东西的。Seizethechance,otherwiseyou'llregretit.抓住这个机会,否则你会后悔的。Therentisabithigh,butotherwisethehouseissatisfactory.这所房子租金贵了点,但在其他方面倒是令人满意的。①同义短语:orelse否则;inotherways在其他方面②orotherwise或相反③butotherwise但在别的方面却Paulalwaysgoestoschoolveryearly,sunnyorotherwise.保罗总是很早就去上学,无论晴天还是雨天。otherwise,besides,therefore和howeverotherwise在句中用作副词时,意思是“除此之外,在其他方面”,表示转折意义。besides用作副词时,意为“而且,还有”,用于补充说明,表示递进关系。therefore“因此,因而”,表示因果关系。however意为“然而,不过”时,表示委婉的转折意义。【提示】otherwise为新课标的重点词汇,其命题角度有两个:一是用在虚拟语气中,替代非真实条件状语从句,即“含蓄条件”;二是与其他副词、短语介词或连词的辨析,如yet,however,although,therefore等。Thankyouforyourhelp!Otherwise,wewouldnothavefinishedourtaskontime.多谢你的帮助!不然的话,我们是不可能按时完成任务的。【对接高考】(2012·安徽高考)QueenElizabethⅡisoftenthoughttobetherichestwomaninthe,herpersonalwealthseemsrathersmall.A.BesidesB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Altogether【解析】besides表示“除……之外还有”;otherwise表示相反情况,意为“否则”;however表示转折;altogether表示“总共”。句意:女王伊丽莎白二世常被认为是世界上最富有的女人,然而,她的个人财富好像很少。由题意可知前后两句之间为转折关系,故选C。本题易错选B。otherwise表示是如果某一条件不成熟,就会出现相反的结果。而这里前后两句并非条件与结果的关系,而是纯粹的转折关系。【答案】C翻译句子①我们得跑着去,要不就太晚了。________________________________________________________________________②我们原打算踢足球,可是天很热,我们就决定干别的了。________________________________________________________________________【答案】①Wemustrun,otherwisewe'llbetoolate.②Weweregoingtoplayfootball,butitwassohotthatwedecidedtodootherwise.10.privilegen.特权;特别优待ItwassuchaprivilegetohavespentadaywithTombe'sfamily.(教材P30)跟汤贝一家度过一天,真是一种殊荣。Onlythestudentsinthisschoolenjoytheprivilegeofthefreemeals.只有本校的学生才能享受免费用餐的特权。Youcanenjoyallthebenefitsandprivilegesofclubmembership.你可以享受俱乐部成员的一切福利和优惠。①enjoyprivileges享受特权It'saprivilegetodosth.能做……真是光荣havetheprivilegetodo/of有(做)……的特权/荣幸②privilegevt.给予特权,特别优待③privilegedadj.有特权的;受特别优待的beprivilegedtodosth.有幸做……Ihopetohavetheprivilegeofworkingwiththemagain.但愿有幸与他们再度合作。Thepoliciesprivilegethechildreninruralarea.这些政策对农村孩子有优惠。Shecomesfromaprivilegedbackground.她出自特权阶层。完成句子①____________(是莫大的荣幸)tomeetyouhere.②Thedisabled____________(有特权)togotohospitalfreelyinthatarea.【答案】①It'sagreatprivilege②havetheprivilege11.arrangementn.安排;排列Sleepingarrangements睡觉安排(教材P31)Thesecretaryhasmadethearrangementofthetimeandplaceforthemeeting.秘书为这次会议时间和地点做好了安排。Wehavefinishedallthearrangementsfortheparty.我们已经完成晚会的所有安排工作。①cometoanarrangement谈妥;达成协议makearrangementfor为……做好准备;为……做好安排makearrangementwithsb.与(某人)商定或约好,(和某人)达成协议;做好准备;做出安排②arrangev.安排,排列,协商arrange(forsb./sth.)todosth.安排(某人/某物)做某事arrangewithdosth.和某人商定做某事Itis/wasarranged+that从句据约定/安排……Wearrangedforacartomeetthemattheairport.我们安排了一辆车去机场接他们。Itisarrangedthatthemeetingwillbecancelled.据安排这次会议将会被取消。【提示】arrangesth.直接安排某事,而arrangeforsth.指间接为某事做准备。单项填空①—Ihearthatyouwillbeontravelagain.—boss________formetodiscussbusinessdetailswithsomeonefromanothercompany.A.askedB.arrangedC.sentD.called【解析】arrangefordosth.安排某人做某事。其他三项均无此用法。【答案】B用所给词的适当形式填空②Theyhadan________thatthechildrenwouldspendtheirholidayabroad.(arrange)【答案】arrangementPeriodⅢLearningaboutLanguage(教师用书独具)●教学目标1.熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。2.通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习,让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语。3.通过对语法的学习让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识,复习掌握限制性定语从句的用法。●教学地位语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的东西。让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让学生学好英语的关键。限制性定语从句在英语学习中和高考中占有相当大的含量,所以应通过课文的学习和实例,让学生掌握该语法。(教师用书独具)●新课导入建议通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。●教学流程设计老师检查上堂课所布置的作业,检查学生对学案预习的情况。⇒导入新课。⇒让学生就“要点讲练”(见学案第55页)进行讨论,让学生各自发表自己的见解,然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。⇓让学生讨论完成“语法精析”部分(见学案第55页),并让各个讨论组发表各自见解。⇐老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解,并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇,补充一些必要的练习。⇐让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论,然后老师给出详细正确答案。⇓老师对语法部分给予点拨。让学生掌握本单元语法知识。⇒让学生完成“当堂双基达标”(见学案第57页)。⇒师生共同讨论“当堂双基达标”并给出答案,并对难以理解的或有争议的地方给出详解。⇓布置作业。让学生完成课本第33页2、3题,预习学案PeriodⅣ(见学案第58页)。⇐自我评估(见学案第58页)。1.combvt.梳理,彻底搜查;vi.涌起,卷起n.梳子,蜂窝状的东西Shesmoothedherhairdownwithawetcomb...(教材P32)她用湿梳子梳了梳头……Ilookinthemirrorandcombmyhair.我照镜子并梳头发。Ihavetocombmyhair.我得梳梳头了。Shecombedthemudoutofthedog'sfur.她梳去狗的皮毛中的泥土。combout梳开(毛发的纠结),去除掉(劣等的事物),整理,搜出combfor彻底搜查,到处寻找Thepolicecombedtheareaforclues.警察彻底搜索了那个地方以寻找线索。完成句子①警察在全市到处搜查凶手。Thepolice________themurderer.②你的头发太乱了,我梳不动。Yourhair'ssotangledthatI________.③不要忘记临出门梳梳头。Don'tforget________beforeyougoout.【答案】①havecombedthecityfor②can'tcombit③tocombyourhair2.Shewasdyingtoseehimagainbutwhat_if_hedidn'twanttoseeher?(教材P32)她极想再见到他,但如果他不想见她怎么办?本句中画线部分为句型Whatif...?“要是……会怎么样?如果……又有什么关系?”Whatifhedoesn'tagree?如果他不同意该怎么办呢?WhatifIfail?即使我失败了又怎样?whatfor...为……目的whatabout/howabout...……怎么样(表建议)Howcome?怎么回事?Sowhat?那又怎么样?Whatabouthavingawalkaftersupper?晚饭后散散步怎么样?Sowhatifnobodyelseagreeswithme?就算没有一个人赞成我的意见,那又怎么样?【对接高考】(2013·江苏高考)—TheT­shirtIreceivedisnotthesameasisshownonline.—________?ButIpromiseyouwe'lllookintoitrightaway.A.WhosaysB.HowcomeC.WhatforD.Whyworry【解析】句意:——我收到的这件T恤衫和网页上展示的不一样。——怎么会呢?不过我向您保证我们会立刻查清楚的。Whosays谁说的;Howcome怎么会(表达说话人的惊讶之情);Whatfor为什么;Whyworry为什么担心。这段对话是关于网购的,发生在买家和客服之间,根据答语中的But可知客服对于买家反映的情况表示惊讶,但还是承诺会查清楚。【答案】B①—Theplaneisduetotakeoffat7:wefailtoarrivethereintime?—Trytotakeanotherflightthen.A.WhatifB.AsifC.EvenifD.Onlyif【解析】句意:——飞机将在7:50起飞。我们要是不能及时赶到那儿怎么办?——尽量再换乘另一架飞机。whatif“要是……怎么办”,符合句意。asif“仿佛”;evenif“即使”;onlyif“只有”,均不符合句意。【答案】A②—TellJackIwillwaitforhimattheschoolgate.—________hedoesn'tcome?A.HowaboutB.WhatifC.IfonlyD.Whatever【解析】howabout“怎么样”后不加句子;whatif“要是/倘使……怎么样”;ifonly“要是……就好了”;whatever“无论什么”。【答案】B观察下列从Reading中选取的句子,体会限制性定语从句的用法。1.Iknowyou'redyingtohearallaboutmylifehere,soI'veincludedsomephotoswhich_will_help_you_picture_the_places_I_talk_about.2.Theboyswho_had_never_come_across_anything_like_this_beforestartedjumpingoutofthewindows.3.Butlastweekendanotherteacher,Jenny,andIdidvisitavillagewhich_is_the_home_of_one_of_the_boys,Tombe.4.Wewalkedfortwoandahalfhourstogetthere—firstupamountaintoaridgefrom_where_we_had_fantastic_viewsandthendownasteeppathtothevalleybelow.5.Theonlypossessions(that)I_could_seewereonebroom,afewtinplatesandcupsandacoupleofjars.[自我总结]从上面定语从句中可以看出这五个句子都是对先行词进行修饰,且与先行词关系密切。引导这些从句的关系代词有________;关系副词有________。【答案】which/that/who;where复习限制性定语从句一、限制性定语从句的用法限制性定语从句用来修饰和限制先行词,与先行词之间的关系非常密切,它所修饰的先行词代表一个(些)或一类特指的人或物,说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等状况,如果去掉,则意思含混不清。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that,as等,关系副词有when,where,why等。Samaranch,theformerIOCPresident,sufferedfromtheheartdiseaseformanyyearswhich/thatmadehimlosehislifefinally.前国际奥委会主席,萨马兰奇患心脏病多年,并最后因此失去生命。WewillalwaysrememberthosesaddayswhenYa'anEarthquakedidgreatharmtothepeoplethere.我们将永远记住雅安地震给雅安人民造成巨大伤害的悲伤日子。二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.关系代词的基本用法关系代词先行词在从句中充当的成分who人主、宾、表whom人宾which物主、宾、表that人或物主、宾、表as人或物主、宾、表whose人或物定Theoldman(who/whom/that)wevisitedyesterdayisafamousartist.我们昨天拜访的那位老人是位著名的艺术家。MissWangistakingcareofthechildwhoseparentshavegonetoBeijng.王小姐正在照顾一个父母去了北京的小孩。Ilikethebookswhich/thatarewrittenbyLuXun.我喜欢鲁迅写的书。2.指人时用who而不宜用that的情况(1)先行词为anyone,everyone,he,one和those时。Hewhodoesn'treachtheGreatWallisn'tatrueman.不到长城非好汉。(2)Therebe句型中的主语作为先行词时。Thereisastudentwhowantstoseeyou.有一个学生想见你。(3)一个句子中有两个定语从句,先行词都是人,其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that,另一个宜用who,以免重复。Thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeisthemonitorwhostudieshard.获得一等奖的是学习努力的班长。3.指物时用that而不宜用which的情况(1)当先行词为all,everything,nothing,anything,something,none,few,little,much等不定代词时。Allthatglittersisnotgold.发光的并不都是金子。(2)当先行词被very,both,theonly,all,every,no,any,little,much,some修饰时。ThisistheonlycoatthatIhave.这是我拥有的唯一的外套。(3)当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰或序数词修饰时。ThisisthemostattractivematchthatIhavewatched.这是我所看过的比赛中最吸引人的一场。Thisisthefirstlessonthatwehavethisterm.这是我们这学期上的第一节课。(4)当先行词既包括人又包括物时。Hehasn'tsentustheworkersandequipmentthatweneed.他还没有把我们需要的工人和设备送来。(5)当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。Whichisthestorythatyoulikebest?哪个是你最喜欢的故事?(6)当先行词在句中作表语时。(无论先行词是人还是物)Myhometownisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.我的家乡不再是它以前的那个样子了。(7)有两个定语从句时,其中一个关系代词已用which,另外一个宜用that。Theysecretlybuiltupasmallfactorywhichproducedthingsthatcouldcausepollution.他们悄悄开设了一家小工厂,他们生产的产品会造成污染。4.用as引导限制性定语从句的情况(1)such+名词+as...“像……一样的……”Doyouhavesuchbooksaswelike?你有我们喜欢的那种书吗?(2)thesame+名词+as...“和……同样……”It'sthesamepersonaswewantedtofindyesterday.他/她就是我们昨天要找的人。(3)as+形容词+名词+as...“像……一样的……”Shewillmarryaswealthyamanasshecanfind.她将嫁给一个她能找到的有钱人。5.用“prep.+which/whom”引导定语从句的情况Idon'tknowtheoldwomantowhomIgavetheumbrellayesterday.我不认识我昨天送给她雨伞的那位老妇人。Iboughtahouseyesterdaythewindowofwhichismadeofwood.=Iboughtahouseyesterdayofwhichthewindowismadeofwood.=Iboughtahouseyesterdaywhosewindowismadeofwood.昨天我买了一所房子,窗户是由木头做的。【提示】the+名词+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whom+the+名词=whose+名词三、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词when,why,where在定语从句中分别代替表示时间、原因、地点的先行词,并分别在从句中作时间、原因、地点状语。另外关系副词也可根据其在句中的搭配关系,转换成“介词+关系代词”的结构。关系副词被代替的先行词在从句中的作用when表示时间的名词时间状语where表示地点的名词地点状语why表示原因的名词(只用reason)原因状语Thedaywillcomewhen(=onwhich)we'llwinthefinalvictory.我们取得最后胜利的日子即将来临。Weknowtheplacewhere(=inwhich)ourteacherlives.我们知道我们老师住的地方。Doyouknowthereasonwhy(=forwhi

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