八年级英语下学期期末复习知识点、练习

..Unit1-51thanksto幸亏,由于2.ontime准时/intime及时3..getintotrouble陷入困境beintrouble处于困境中4..rightaway/atonce立刻；马上5.getoutof离开;从……出来6.usedtodosth过去常常做某事7.be/getusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事8.sothat以便so…that如此…以至于…9.seesb.doingsth看见某人正在做某事<片段>seesb.dosth看见某人常做某事<全过程>10.liev.<lay,lain>躺；平躺11.diev.死deathn.死deadadj.死的dyingadj.将死的12.cheerup使高兴fixup修理putup张贴callup打cleanup打扫干净setup建立giveup<doingsth.>放弃putoff推迟cutoff切除giveaway捐赠,赠送putaway收拾好comeupwith想出=thinkof/thinkup13．runoutof用光getoutof从…出来14．takeafter像…〔besimilarto…与..相似lookafter照顾lookup〔在字典中查找15.giveout/handout分发16.tryout参加选拔9.makeadifferenceto…对…产生影响17.helpsb.out帮助某人解决困难18.attheageoffour在四岁时=whenhewasfouryearsold19.atthesametime同时20.havedifficulties/trouble/problems<in>doingsth.21.feelv.感觉—feelingn.感受ownv.拥有adj自己的---owner物主breakv.弄坏---brokenadj坏了的differencen.〔可数不同之处differentadj.不同的difficultyn.<可数>困难difficultadj.困难的trainv.训练/n.火车-----trainingn.训练kindadj-友善的-----kindness善良interestv.使..感兴趣n.〔可数兴趣22.一…就…..assoonas…〔主将从先原则23.spendtime/moneyonsth.;spendtime/money<in>doingsth.24."以便,为了…"inordertodosth.=sothat从句25.对于某人做某事没必要thereisnoneedforsb.todosth.26.为某人提供某物providesthforsb/providesbwithsth27.〔1neither"两者都不,两者中没有一个"我们两个都没有neitherofus〔谓语动词用单数〔2既不......也不......neither...nor...〔连接并列主语----谓语动词采取就近原则〔3neither+be/助动词/情态动词+主语"某人也不是如此"So+be/助动词/情态动词+主语"某人也是如此"〔前后应使用同类动词且应时态一致28．⑴surprising./surprisedadj.besurprisedtodosth做某事而感到惊讶besurprised+that从句因...而惊讶besurprisedat对……感到吃惊⑵surprise〔v.>sb使某人吃惊Eg:Thebadnewssurprisedme.⑶toone’ssurprise<n.>使某人吃惊的是insurprise<n.>吃惊地29.allowsbtodosth允许某人做某事。allowdoingsth允许做某事allowsth允许某事30.lookthrough浏览lookaround到处看lookup<字典中>查找lookout小心；向外看lookafter照顾；照看31.<1>return归还returnsth<tosb>/return<sb>sth=givesthback<tosb>"把某物归还给某人"<2>return回来；返回returntospl.=come/getbacktospl."回到某处"=gobacktospl."返回某处"32.begoodat<doingsth.>擅长=dowellin<doingsth.>在某方面做得好begoodfor对---有益begoodwith与---相处得好benice/goodtosb.对某人好33.refusetodosth.拒绝做某事34.geton/along<well>withsb与某人相处<地好>geton/along〔wellwithsth.某事进展<顺利>35.arguewithsb与某人争吵36.instead"反而,代替"〔用在句首后加逗号/句尾insteadofsb./sth./doingsth"代替,而不是.."37municatewithsb.与某人交流38.offertodosth.提出做某事offersbsth/offersthtosb提供给某人某物〔=providesthforsb或providesbwithsth39.so/such如此；这样〔区别:〔1so+adj./adv.〔2such<a/an><adj.>+n.〔3somuch/many/few/little+n.〔4so/such....that...如此….以至…37.too…to…太….而不能…..so….that…如此…以至于<sothat以便,为了>not…enoughtodosth.做某事不够…38petev.竞争,比赛---petitionsuccessn.成功successfuladj.成功的succeedv.independencen.独立性independentadj.独立的fairnessn.公正性fairad.j公正的/unfair不公正的trainv.训练---n.trainingdevelopv.发展---n.development39过去进行时态"表示过去.某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作"。结构:was/were+动词-ing标志：过去具体某一时刻当暴风雨来临时whentherainstormcame在昨天的这个时候atthistimeyesterday在那时atthattime/atthatmoment在昨晚九点at9:00lastnight.pickup①捡起；拾起

②用车接送

=3\*GB3③接41.either〔1否定句末"也"〔2代词"两者中的<一个>"〔3either..or…或者…或者;要么…要么42.过去某事正在进行过程中发生另一件了某事When从句一般过去时,主句过去进行时。While从句过去进行时,主句一般过去时。两个动作同时发生while从句进行时,主句进行时。43.逐渐变弱diedown44.说实话tellthetruthtruth"n"事实,真相true"adj"真的truly"adv"真地.练习：单选1.Myparents____gettingupearlyonweekdays.A.usedtoB.beusedtoC.wasusedtoD.areusedto2.Tomdidn’tgotoschool_____thismorningbecausehestayeduplate..A.atonceB.ontimeC.intimeD.rightaway3.Theproblemissodifficultforyou,butdon’t______.A.giveitupB.giveitoutC.giveupitD.giveoutit4.I_____allmymoneylastweek.A.ranoutB.runoutC.runoutofD.ranoutof5.Canyougivemeahand?Iwantto___themaponthewall.A.putupB.lookupC.setupD.mixup6.Thedriversawanoldman_______onthesideoftheroad.AlieB.layClyingD.tolie7.Ourparentsoftentellusnot____aloneintheriver.A.swimB.toswimC.swimmingD.swam8.—Myroomisveryclean.—_______.A.SoishisB.SohisisC.SodoeshisD.Sohisdoes14.--Peterdoesn’tknowmanypeoplehere.--______.A.SodoIB.SoamIC.NeitheramID.NeitherdoI9._____gettheearlybus,Mr.Greengetsupat6o’clockeveryday.A.SothatB.InorderthatC.InordertoD.Assoonas10.Myfriend_____me.Ihavetoleavenow.A.waitsfor B.waitedforC.iswaitingforD.waswaitingfor11.Helookedatme____surprise.A.atB.toC.inD.on12.--MayI____yourbike?--Certainly,butyoumustn't____ittoothers.

A.lend;lendB.borrow;lendC.borrow;borrowD.lend;borrow

用所给词的适当形式填空1.Bob____________<play>computergameswhilehissisterwasdoinghomework.2.Manyparentsarealways_____________<compare>theirkindswithotherchildren.3.Jackhastogotobaseball____________<train>afterschooleveryday.4.Toomuchpressureisnotgoodforachild’s_____________<develop>5.Mothercookedbreakfastformeas___________<usually>,althoughsheisill.6.Don’t_________〔push>thatdoor.It’sbroken.7.Whathesaid__________〔cause>alotofproblems.Thatmadeothersunhappy.8.Mr.Chenisa____________<type>goodteacher.Heloveshisstudentsandteacheswell.9.Theplane_________〔leavetenminutesago.10.Whatwereyoudoingwhenyou________<hear>thenews?11.Jim_____________<sleep>whenIcamein.12.Insomefamilies,_____________〔compete>startsveryyoungandcontinuesuntilthekidsgetolder.13.DidMarycut_______<she>?Yes,shedid.14.To_____<he>surprise,hewonintheend..15.Weneedtime________________<exercise>atschool.16.Hewasnotready_________<die>thatday.17.Anyonecanseethe_______________<important>ofgoodhealth.18.Tommakea________________<decide>tolearnEnglishwell.19.Becauseofhismother’s____________<die>,TomwasverysadUnit6Anoldmantriedtomoveamountain.1.土earth地球theearth2.从事,忙于…workon...3.在…方面弱beweakin...〔擅长begoodat…在某方面做得好dowellin..4.一…就…assoonas如此…以至…so….that….除非,如果不…unless5.被某人感动了bemovedbysb.6.使某人想起…remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人做....remindsb.todosth.7.alittlebitsilly有点儿傻"有点儿,有几分"alittlebit/alittle/kindof+adj./adv."一点儿"abitof/alittle+不可数名词8."代替…,而不是…"insteadof+名词、代词、动名词"代替,反而" instead,句子。/句子instead.9.爱上某人、某物fallinlovewithsb./sth.10.与某人结婚marrysb.<与某人>结婚be/getmarried<tosb.>11.if如果/unless如果不,除非/assoonas…一…就…"主将从现原则"12.trytodosth.尽力做某事13.keep<on>doingsth.坚持,一直做某事14.giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事15.agoodwaytodosth.做某事的好方法16.第一次forthefirsttime17."adj."传统的----"n"传统traditional----tradition18.把…变成….turn….into….20.把…藏起来不让…..发现hide…from…21."adj."西方的---"n."西western---west22.出版,发行comeout23.对…感兴趣be/becomeinterestedin〔doingsth.takeaninterestin<doingsth.>弱势人群theweak某类人：看作复数theadj.25.wife----复数wives26.制定计划做某事makeaplantodosth.计划做某事plantodosth.27.全家thewholefamily=allthefamilyWhole/all区别>"限定词+whole+名词<单可n.>"thewholecity/mywholelife"all+限定词+名词<不可n./可n.复>"allthemoney/allmybooks<2.>只能用allallday/allthetime28．在月光下inthemoonlight29.了解…learnabout…30.扔石子dropstonesdrop---dropping/dropped31.沿路alongtheway32.迷路belost=getlost33.没关系nevermind34.找出,查明findout35."引导某人去某处leadsb.tospl."引导某人做某事"leadsb.todosth36."由……制成"bemadeof…37.人、鸟发出的嗓音voice小声inalowvoice大声inahighvoice〔noise噪音sound嗓音、噪音以外的普通声音Exercises:<>1Onceuponatime,anoldmantried____themountains.AnotmoveBnottomoveCmovingDtomove<>2ZhangLanisill.Letmegotothemeetinginstead____.AofsheBofherCoffsheDoffher<>3I’llphoneyouassoonasI______.AgettohomeBgottohomeCgethomeDgothome4Hetried__________<climb>themountain,buthefailed.5YuGongkept______<try>anddidn’tgiveup.6.ButwhatcouldYuGongdoinsteadof___________<move>themountains.7Doyoufindagoodway__________<solve>theproblem?Mymotheralwaystellsmenottogiveup________<work>hard.Unit7What’sthehighestmountainintheworld?1.…metershigh<deep,long,wide…>……米高〔深,长,宽……>。2.形容词和副词的比较级、最高级大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1原级〔不作比较,修饰词very,so,too,pretty,quite,really2比较级,表示"较……"或"更……"的意思〔两者之间进行比较标志词:than,AorB,ofthetwo,修饰词:much更/alot更/alittle一点儿/even甚至/any一些+比较级3最高级,表示"最……"的意思〔三者或三者以上作比较,形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the,后面可带in〔of短语来表示三者及以上比较的范围。4as<原级>as与……一样……JackrunsasfastasTom.notas/so<原级>as不如…Lilyisnotas/sotallasLucy.=LilyisshorterthanLucy.5①oneofthe+最高级+复名"最…之一"YaoMingisoneofthetallestplayersinNBA.②the序数词+最高级+单名"第几个最…".Changjiangisthethirdlongestriverintheworld.③比较级thananyother单名=the最高级单名比任何一个…其它的Jimistallerthananyotherboyinourclass.在我们班吉姆比任何一个其它的男孩都高。=Jimisthetallestboyinourclass.比较级与最高级变化规律：1>.直接＋er或est2>.以e结尾＋r或st3>.辅音加y结尾改y为i＋er或estheavy_heavier4>.<辅+元+辅>双写末尾字母＋er或est〔如：big,wet,hot,fat5>.特殊〔不规则good<well>betterbestbad<badly>worseworstmany<much>moremostfarfarther<further>farthest<furthest>littlelessleast6>.〔部分双音节多音节单词加more或most：〔slowlyquicklydeliciousinteresting>习题：1.I’msorryI’mlate.Ishouldgethere10minutes____.A.earlyB.earlierC.theearlierD.theearliest2.Youaredoinggreat!I’veneverhad____answerbefore.A.betterB.bestC.abetterD.thebest3.Ofallthesubjects,mathseemstobe____forme.A.difficultB.toodifficultC.moredifficultD.themostdifficult4.Sometimeswalkingiseven______thandrivingduringthebusytraffictime.A.fast B.faster C.slow D.slower5.Shealwaysdoesherhomework_____thanherbrother.A.morecareful B.careful C.morecarefully D.carefully3.tour"v"旅行----tourist"n"游客,参观者visit-------visitortravel-------travel<l>er4.surprise"v"使…惊奇amazesurprised"adj."感到惊奇amazedsurprising"adj."令人惊奇的amazing5.population"人口"常用作单数①Thepopulationof某处"某处人口"Whatisthepopulationof某处?=Howbig/largeisthepopulationof某处?"某处人口有多少?"②表示人口"多"用big/large"少"用small,不用"many/much"或"few/little"Eg:Indiahasabig/largepopulation.印度人口众多。6.on=about关于…7.makesb.dosthmakesb./sth.adj.makesb./sth.n.befamousfor因…而出名befamousas作为…而出名9.世界上最危险的运动之一oneoftheworld’smostdangeroussports最受欢迎的地方之一oneofthemostpopularplaces11.吸入空气takeinair12.第一个做某事的人thefirstonetodosth.第一批到达山顶的人thefirstpeopletoreachthetop第一个成功的女人thefirstwomantosucceed13.做某事成功succeedindoingsth.succeedv.成功successn.successfuladj.successfullyadv.14.冒着生命危险riskone’slife冒着他们的生命危险risktheirlives20.面对困难inthefaceofdifficulties21.一个大挑战abigchallenge22.n.成就---v.实现achievement〔s-achieve23.实现我们的梦想achieveourdreams25.活20到30年liveupto20to30years.26.更不拥挤的lesscrowded更拥挤的morecrowded27.为..准备preparefor…28.awake"adj"醒着的---wake"v."醒来29.兴奋地跑过去runoverwithexcitement30.摔倒fallover=falldown31.对…特殊bespecialto…32.每隔两年everytwoyears33.死于疾病diefromillnesses因为疾病becauseofillness34.还有二百another200=200more35.濒临灭绝的动物endangeredtect…from<doingsth.>保护…不受…Exercises:1.<>Janeis________thanBetty.A.lesstallerB.lesstallestC.lesstallD.notastall2.<>Chinais________countryintheworld.A.thethirdlargestB.thelargestthirdC.thethirdlargeD.athirdlargest3.<>—Whichis____seasoninBeijing?—Ithinkit’sautumn.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest4.<>Samis____atChinesethanJim.A.good B.wellC.betterD.gooder5.<>IstudyEnglishas____asmybrother.A.hardB.harderC.hardestD.thehardest6.<>TheYellowRiverisoneof______riversinChina.A.LongB.longerC.thelongestD.longest7.<>Ourfamilyboughtacarsowecantravel_____thanbefore.

A.mosteasily

B.lesseasily

C.easily

D.moreeasily

8.<>The____friendsyouhave,the____youwillbe.A.more,happy

B.many,happy

C.more,happier

D.many,happier9.<>____isthepopulationofyourcountry?A.Howmany

B.Howmuch

C.Which

D.What10.<>Astimegoeson,theworld’spopulationis_____.A.moreandmoreB.largerandlargerC.smallerandsmallerD.fewerandfewer11.<>Inourcity,it’s___inJuly,butit’seven___inAugust.A.hotter,hottestB.hot,hotC.hot,hotterC.hotter,hotter12.<>--DoyouthinkMarchis____thanJanuary?--Yes,it’s__warmer.A.better,alittle B.well,muchC.worse,veryD.nicer,quite13.Whichgoes________<slow>,TomorJim?14.Thisbookis__________<interesting>thanthatone.15.Sheworks________<careful>inherschool.16.Ithinkturkeyis_______<delicious>ofall.17.ShespeaksEnglish____inourclass.<well>Unit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?1.听说..hearof/about…收到某人来信hearfromsb.2.hear原形、过去式、过去分词hear–heard—heardread-原形、过去式、过去分词read-read-read3.现在完成时标志：already"已经"用在肯定句中yet"已经"用在疑问句末"还"用在否定句末〔notyet还没有4.现在完成时：<1>表示:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响。<2>结构:助动词have/has+过去分词<3>标志词:already,yet,just,ever,never,before…<4>句式:否定句have/has+not一般疑问句have/has提前5.一个满是珠宝的岛anislandfulloftreasures6.装满了…befullof…=befilledwith…挤满了人befullofpeople7.我已经读完了I’vealreadyfinishedreadingit!我还没读完Ihaven’tfinishedreadingityet.8.长大growup9.放下putdown10.选择choose—chose–chosen11.至少atleast12.快点；赶快hurryup匆忙地inahurry匆忙地做某事hurrytodosth.匆忙去某地hurryto+地点13.两周后intwoweeks14.find--found--foundmake--made--madelose--lost--lostcut--cut--cutbuild--built--builtam,is,are---was,were---beenteach--taught--taughtdrink---drank----drunkleave--left--lefttell--told—tolddo-did--donewrite-wrote-writtensing–sang-sung15.带回bringback16.丧命loseone’slife/lives17.<两者中一个...另一个...one...,theother...18..usedtodosth.过去常常做某事be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事19..goaboard出国20.ontheradio通过广播21.howmuch多么22.eversincethen自从那时起<现在完成时标志>23.modernlife现代生活24.belongto属于25.bringback带回26.bekindto=befriendlyto对……友好27.remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起…28.thebeautyofnatureandthecountryside自然和乡村的美丽29.sell—sold--sold30.5million五百万;millionsof..数百万31.hopetodosth.希望做某事wish〔sb.>todosth希望〔某人做某事32.anumberof复名"许多…"做主语是复数

thenumberof复名"……数目"做主语是单数<alarge/smallnumberof…许多/少数……33.introducesb.tosb.把某人介绍给某人34.How…feelabout…?/what…thinkof…?/What…thinkabout?/How…like…?认为…怎么样？35.lookgoodonme穿在我身上合适36.attheendoftheday在那天结束时intheend/atlast/finally最后atthebeginning/atfirst/firstofall首先,开始Exercise:用所给单词正确形式填空。beautifulsouthsuccessfullistenFrancebeautifulsouthsuccessfullistenFrance1.Taishanhasgivenusthe__________ofnature.2.Failureisthemotherof___________.3.Heused__________topopmusicbutnowhelikesrockmusic.4.Guangdongliesinthe___________partofChina.5.Hecanspeak______________verymuch.单项选择1.Benisaforeignteacher.Sofar,he_______inTai’anforfiveyears.A.wasteachingB.hastaughtC.willteachD.taught2.Mr.Wangisn’there.Ithinkhe_______Guiyang.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.goesD.went3.—HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?—Yes,I______.doB.haveC.wasD.did4.—HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai?—Yes,I______therelastyear.A.wentB.havebeenC.havegoneD.hasbeen5.—Whereisyourfather?—He_____Australiaandhe_______Sydneyfortwoweeks.A.hasbeento;hasbeeninB.hasgoneto;hasbeeninC.hasgoneto;hasbeentoUnit9Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum?1.我也没有meneither2.某人也不是这样〔承接上面的否定句Neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+sb.3.某人也是这样〔承接上面的肯定句So+助动词/be动词/情态动词+sb..4.你曾经去过那儿吗？Haveyoubeentherebefore?5.他真的很有趣不是吗？It’sreallyinteresting,isn’tit?6.它是一个度过周六下午的好方法It’sagreatwaytospendaSaturdayafternoon.7.一个做某事的好方法agoodwaytodosth./ofdoingsth.8.了解learnabout9.领导,引导；导致lead-led—led导致leadto…10."V"发明invent-"n"发明物invention<s>"n"发明家inventor11.张贴；搭建；举起putupput---put---put12."adj"德国〔人；语的German"n"德国人<s>German<s>"n"德国GermanyIndia印度---Indian〔s印度人13.现在rightnow=now/atthemoment立刻,马上rightnow=atonce/rightaway/inaminute14.取得〔巨大进步make<great>progress15.以这样快的方式insucharapidway16.在未来inthefuture17."adj"<不>平常的〔un>usual18.鼓励某人做某事encouragesb.todosth.19."adj"和平的,宁静的peaceful"n"和平peace20.n.表演performance<s>v.表演perform."n"表演者performer21."n"准备-preparation"v"preparepreparefor22.数千游客thousandsoftourists23."adv"安全地"n"安全的地方safelysafety24.四分之三以上的人口是中国人MorethanthreequartersofthepopulationareChinese.ThepopulationofLinyiis5million.25.分数：

"基数词<分子>＋序数词〔分母"

分子﹥1,分母加

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