一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时

教学内容知识点一：一般现在时【知识梳理】(1)一般现在时的基本结构和变化.一般现在时的结构①be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。.Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。②行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。一般现在时主要用动词的原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，则在动词原形后加〃-s〃或〃-es〃.Hegetsupearlyinthemorning..否定句和疑问句的变化①be动词的变化：A.否定句：主语+be+not+其它。 Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。 Areyouastudent?Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.C.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。Whereismybike?②行为动词的变化：A.否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。Idon'tlikebread./Hedoesn'tlikebread.B.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。 Doyouoftenplayfootball? Yes,Ido./No,Idon,t. Doesshegotoworkbybike? Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn,t.C.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。Howdoesyourfathergotowork?(注意回顾动词第三人称单数形式变化规则)一般情况下在词尾加shelpfhelps,clean—cleans,play—plays,wear—wears,give—gives;以s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词在词尾加esdress—dresses,fix—fixes,watch—watches,finish—finishes;以“辅音字母加y”结尾的动词，把y变为i,再study—studies,carry—carries,fly—flies)(2)一般现在时的用法.表示经常性或习惯性的动作或行为。常与always,sometimes,often,usually,never等副词连用。.IgotoschooleverydayexceptSaturdaysandSundays.Mymotheroftengetsupat6o'clock..表示现在的状态，能力，性格，个性。.Myfatherteachesmaths.LinYandanceswell..表示普遍真理或客观事实。.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.Thesunrisesintheeast.【注意】此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。如：Ourphysicsteachersaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.我们的物理老师说光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快得多，在时间、条件、比较等状语从句中，用现在时表示将来的动作，从句的谓语动词用一般现在时。如：Iwille-mailyouassoonasIgettoBeijing. 我一到北京就给你发邮件。Ifyoucomethisafternoon,wewillhaveameeting. 如果你今天下午能来，我们就开会。

.结构：“主语+动词的过去式”.句型转化：①be动词的过去时的句型如下：A.否定句：主语+be动词的过去式（was,were）+not…B.疑问句：be动词的过去式（was,were）+主语…？Hewasbusyyesterday.（肯定句）他昨天很忙。Hewasnotbusyyesterday.（否定句）他昨天不忙。Washebusyyesterday?（疑问句）他昨天忙吗？Thereweren'tanyboysintheroom.房间里没有男孩儿。.Thereweren'tanyboysintheroom.房间里没有男孩儿。Werethereanyboysintheroom?房间里有男孩儿吗？②行为动词的否定式和疑问式：A.否定式：行为动词前加上didnot或缩略式didn't,并把这个行为动词改为动词原形。IcalledLinTaoyesterdayafternoon.fldidnot/didn'tcallLinTaoyesterdayafternoon.IborrowedabookfromSunYanglastSunday.一般疑问式：若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问,然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形，并在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用did。Westayedtherefor10dayslastmonth.fDidyoustaytherefor10dayslastmonth?Yes,wedid./No,we

didn't.Maryhadadeliciousdinneryesterdayevening.fDidMaryhaveadeliciousdinneryesterdayevening?Yes,shedid./No,wedidn't.（2）规则动词的变化过去式（规则变化）一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加-ed。watchfwatchedplantfplanted以不发音字母e结尾的动词在词尾加-d。likeflikedmovefmoved以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，先变y为i,再在词尾加-ed。studyfstudiedcarryfcarried重读闭音节动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写词尾的辅音字母，再在词尾加-ed。stopfstoppedshopfshopped过去式（be动词）（不规则变化）am/isfwasarefweredofdid

(3)不规则动词的过去式和过去分词第一组AAA1.cost——cost——cost2.cut——cut1.cost——cost——cost2.cut——cut——cuthit——hit——hitlet——let——letput——put——put6.set——set——set7.read——read——read第二组ABCbreak第二组ABCbreak——broke——brokenchoose——chose——chosen 3.speak——spoke——spokensteal——stolesteal——stole——stolenwake——woke——wokenforget——forgot——forgotten——took————took——taken——gave——given——hid——hidden10.drive——drove——driven11.write——wrote——written12.rise——rose——risen13.ride——rode——ridden14.eat——ate——eaten第三组ABC1.know——knew——known2.grow—grew——grown 3.throw——-threw——thrown4.fly——flew——flown5.show—showed——shown第四组ABB1.build——built——built4.lend——lent——lent2.burn——burnt——burnt5.send——sent——sent3.mean—meant——meant6.spend-spent——spent第五组ABB1.keep——kept——kept2.sweep——swept——swept3.sleep——slept——slept4.leave——left——left5.feel——felt——felt6.smell——smelt——smelt7.lose——lost——lost8.learn——learnt7.lose——lost——lost9.get——got——9.get——got——got10.do——did——done11.go——went——gone第六组ABB1.make——made——made2.hear1.make——made——made2.hear——heard——heardhave——had——hadbring——brought——broughtfind——found——found——bought——boughtthink——think——thought——thoughtteach——taught——taught第七组ABB1.dig——dug——dug2.lead——led——ledhold1.dig——dug——dug2.lead——led——ledhold——held——heldmeet——met——met5.say——said——saidpay——paid——paidwin——won——won8.sell——sold——sold9.tell——told——toldstand——stand——stood——stoodunderstand-understood——understood12.sit——sat12.sit——sat——sat13.wear——wore——worn第八组ABCbegin——began第八组ABCbegin——began——begunswim—swam——swum 3.sing——sang——sungring——rang——rungdrink——drank——drunk 6.come——came——comebecome——becamebecome——became——becomesee——saw——seenrun——ran——run11.lie一lay一lain一lying（躺）12.lie一lied一lied一lying11.lie一lay一lain一lying（躺）(4)一般过去时的用法①表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，常与明确的时间状语连用，如：yesterday,

lastweek(month,year...),ago,justnow,attheageof…，in1980等连用。如:Attheageoften,shebegantolearntoplaythepiano.十岁的时候，她开始学弹钢琴。②表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如：WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.当我是个孩子的时候，我经常在街上踢足球。例1.【例题精讲】例1.Wheredidyougolastweekend? ItotheGreatWall.A.go B.went C.willgo D.havegone例2.LastweekVivian adressforhermotherwithherfirst-monthsalary.A.buyB.boughtC.willbuyD.wouldbuyA.buyB.boughtC.willbuyD.wouldbuy例3.Ohno!Imybookinthelab.A.leave B.leftC.willleaveD.wasleaving例4.A.leave B.leftC.willleaveD.wasleaving例4.Yourcoatfitsyouwell.Thankyou.IitwhenIwasonvacation.A.havebought B.buy C.bought例5.Myhusbandalways meflowerseveryweekbeforewegotmarried,butnowheneverA.sent;does B.sends;does C.wasgoingtosend;do D.sent;do【课堂练习】 DidBillyandAnnafindawayoutatlast? Yes,theyaplananddidit.A.wereworkingout B.workedout C.areworkingout D.haveworkedoutYesterdaytheteachertoldustheearththesun.A.goesaround B.wentaround C.isgoingaround D.wouldgoaround LucyhastoLondon.HowcanIgetintouchwithher? Don’ tworry.She will phoneyouassoon as shethere.A. been; willget B. been;gets C. gone; willget D.gone;gets Oh, no!Ican't find mymobilephone! Well,whereyoulastputit.A.have B.do C.did HaveyoueverclimbedMountTai,Carol? Yes,IinTaianforaweeklastyearandreachedthetopofittwice.

A.hadstayedB.stayC.stayedD.havestayedA.hadstayedB.stayC.stayedD.havestayed知识点三一般将来时【知识梳理】(1)一般将来时的结构①will+动词原形，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：.Iwillmeetyouattheschoolgatetomorrow.明天早上我将在校门口见你。②begoingto+动词原形 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，主语一般是人。如：.Iamgoingtobe15nextweek.下周我就15岁了。③will和begoingto的区别begoingto与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事，但它们有如下几点区别：begoingto表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will表示的将来时间则较远一些，如：.Heisgoingtowritealettertonight.Hewillwriteabookoneday.begoingto表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。.Heisseriouslyill.Heisgoingtodie.begoingto含有“计划，准备”的意思，而will则没有这个意思，如：.Sheisgoingtohaveatrip.Hewillbehereinhalfanhour.④在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用begoingto,而多用will,如：.Ifanybeastscomeatyou,I,llstaywithyouandhelpyou.(2)用法①表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语如：tomorrow,soon,nextday(week,month,year...),inafewminutes,thedayaftertomorrow等连用。如：.IwillpayavisittoShanghainextweek.下周我将要去上海旅行。②当主句为一般将来时，在以after,when,while,assoonas,if,unless等引导的时间或条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来。如：.Iwilldoitbetteriftheteachergivesmeanotherchance.如果老师再给我次机会，我会做得更好的。例1.Don'taway.Bill【例题精讲】例1.Don'taway.Billyoulookafteryourdogwhenyouareawayonbusiness.A.helps B.willhelpC.helpingD.helpedA.helps B.willhelpC.helpingD.helped例2.Justgodownthisroadandyou例2.Justgodownthisroadandyouthelibrarynexttothebank.A.seesaw C.haveseen D.willseeA.see例3.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,robotcooks inourfamiliesinthefuture.A.appear B.appeared C.willappear D.wereappearing例4.Manyscientistsbelievethatrobots abletotalklikehumansin50years.

A.wereB.areC.willbeD.havebeen例5.Haveyoureturnedthebooktothelibraryyet?Notyet.Don'tworry.Iitsoon.A.returnB.returnedC.havereturnedA.wereB.areC.willbeD.havebeen例5.Haveyoureturnedthebooktothelibraryyet?Notyet.Don'tworry.Iitsoon.A.returnB.returnedC.havereturnedD.willreturn【课堂练习】Mymindwasn'tonwhathewassayingsoI'mafraidIhalfofit.A.missed B.wasmissing C.willmiss D.wouldmissWearegladtohearthattheGreenstoanewflatnextweek.A.move B.moved C.willmove D.havemovedEricwon'tstarttheexperimentuntilhisteacherhimhowtodoit.D.A.willshow B.show C.showsD.showedIfyoucometotheparty,youagoodtime.A.wouldhaveB.have C.willhaveD.tohaveLet'senjoythedayswithourclassmates.Weourjuniorhighschoolintwomonths.A.willfinish B.arefinishingC.havefinishedD.hadfinished

ThereportersaidthattheUFOeasttowestwhenhesawit.A.travelsB.traveledC.wastraveling D.hastraveledI,mwaitingformysister.Iwon,tgotoseemyuncleuntil.A.shecomesB.shewillcome C.shedoesn,tcome DoyouknowtheEnglishman? Yes.Ihimfortwoyears.A.gettoknow B.haveknownC.knewD.gottoknowImyhomework;IguessIcan,tjoinyou.A.don,tfinish B.didn,tfinishC.haven,tfinishedD.won,tfinishTravelingtospaceisnolongerjustadream.Russiathefirsthotelinspaceinthenearfuture.A.buildsB.willbuildC.built D.hasbuiltWehavebeenfriends.A.lastyearB.oneyearagoC.sincewemetlastyear D.whenwemetlastyear DoyouknowifCindywilldrivetoItalythisweekend? Cindy?Never!Shedriving.A.hashatedB.hatedC.willhateD.hates Icalledyouseveraltimesthismorning,butyoudidn,tanswer. Sorry.Itennisthewholemorning.A.playedB.isplayingC.wouldplayD.wasplayingIamistake.Pleasedon,tbeangrywithme.A.makeB.made C.willmakeD.hadmade Itelephonedyouyesterdayafternoonbutnobodyanswered. Oh,Iafilmatthattime.A.see B.saw C.isseeing D.wasseeing IsthisyourfirsttimetoXinjiang? No,Ihereseveraltimes.A.havegoneB.haven,tgone C.havebeenD.haven,tbeen We,llgoforapicnicifitthisSunday. Wishyoualovelyweekend.A.rain B.doesn,train C.won,trainHeLuzhouforthreemonths.A.hasleftB.hascometoC.hasgonetoD.hasbeenawayfromImyhometownforalongtime.Ireallymissit!A.leftB.wentawayfromC.haveleftD.havebeenawayfrom

HeBeijingforameeting.A.hasbeento B.hasgoneto C.havebeentoD.havegonetoTheyEnglandandtheywillbebacknextweek.A.havegoneto B.havebeento C.havegoneinD.hasbeenon youtoNanhuParkaweekago? Yes.Wehadagoodtimethere.A.Do;go B.Did;go C.Did;wentIthebookclublastweekandItwobooksalready.A.join;read B.joined;read C.joined;haveread D.join;hasread Summerholidayiscoming.Whatareyougoingtodo? I'mnotsure.MaybeIt