专题复习一-动词的种类

专题复习（一）一一动词的种类专题复习（一）一一动词的种类英语中的动词通常分为四种：行为动词（实义动词），系动词（系词），助动词和情态动词。.行为动词（V.）行为动词也称为实义动词，含有实在意义，表示动作或状态，在句中可以独立作谓语。行为动词分为及物动词（vt.）和不及物动词（vi.）两种，可以直接带宾语的动词叫及物动词，如help,give,show,want等；不可以带宾语或不可以直接带宾语的行为动词叫不及物动词，如：go,come,run,work,look,listeno<look,listen等不及物动词加介词后可以加宾语。如：100katthepicture,listentotheradio.Shehassomebananas.Iwantsomenewbooks.Heeatsalotofbread.Theywenttherebytrain.Theyareplayingfootballontheplayground.Wehavefinishedourwork.Heswimsfast.行为动词作谓语时随着不同的时态变成相对应的动词形式。例：IwatchTVeveryevening.（现在时，动词原形）IamwatchingTV.（现在进行时，现在分词）IwatchedTVyesterdayevening.（一般过去时，过去式）Ihavewatchedthatgame.（现在完成时，过去分词）HewatchesTVonSunday.（一般现在时，单三形式）.系动词（Linkv.）系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语。即构成主十系十表结构。例：Hismotherisateacher.Iamathome.常见的系词有：look（看起来，看上去），feel（感觉），sound（听起来），taste（尝起来），smell（闻起来），get（变得），turn（变得），become（成为，变成），go（变得），be.be做系词时后面可以加名词，动词不定式，数词，副词，形容词，介词短语等各种形式作表语，例：Iamin.（副词）Heisinhisroom.（介词短语）Hisjobistofeedanimals.（动词不定式）Heisyoung.（形容词）become作系词时后面常加名词或形容词作表语。例：Hewillbecomeanactorinthefuture.（名词）Ourcityisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.（形容词）其它系词后常加形容词作表语，例：Ifeelhappy.Thesouptastesgood.Themeatsmellsbad.Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.Helookswell..助动词助动词没有词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示否定，疑问，时态、语态或其它语法形式。助动词也常用来回答一般疑问句（简答），常见的助动词有:do,does（用于一般现在时），be（用于现在进行时或过去进行时或被动语态），will（shall）用于一般将来时，did用于一般过去时，have（has）用于现在完成时，had用于过去完成时，例：Hedoesn’tspeakEnglish.（否定）Doyoulikefootball?（疑问）Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.（简答）Weareplayingcards.（进行时）Hehasseenthedoctor.（现在完成时）Theywillleavetomorrow.（将来时）Theydidn’thaveclassesyesterday.（否定，一般过去时）.情态动词情态动词本身有一定词义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态，情态动词没有人称和数的变化。常见的情态动词有：can,may,must,need,will,shall,could,might,would,should等，在使用这些词时后面要加动词原形。例：Icanswim.Hecansingwell.MayIgohomenow?Youneedn’tgothere.Wouldyoupleasepassmethebook?Wemustgonow.Youshouldgetupearly.(1)情态动词can,could,would等表请求，不表时态，例：Can(May,Could)IspeaktoJim?Can(Could,Would)youhelpmecarrythebox?(2)will常用来请求对方为自己做事，shall常用来表示自己为对方做事。例：Willyougetmesomewater?ShallIopenthedoorforyou?（3）情态动词may表推测时可以用maybe转换同义句。例:Maybeheisathome.→Hemaybeathome.Maybeheknowstheman.→Hemayknowtheman.(4)否定的推测常用can’t.It’stoolate.Theycan’tbeintheoffice.(5)shall表示建议时可以有多种表达法，shall常用于第一人称。例：Areyoufreetomorrow?Yes,Ithinkso.Shallwegotothepark?(Whynotgotothepark?Whataboutgoingtothepark?Let’sgotothepark.OK!)That’sagoodidea.【模拟试题】(答题时间：45分钟)—Throwingfrisbylooksveryeasy,WeiHua.Iwant—Comeon,please.A.try B.ago C.tohavealook D.tomakeitItwon’tthemmuchtimetoflytoBeijingfromShanghai?A.spend B.use C.takeD.pay—Guesswhoiscomingtosupper.—Idon’tknow.me.A.Speak B.Say C.TellD.Talk4.moreclothes.It’sasnowingoutside.Have B.Wear C.PutonD.Takeoff—Excuseme.Where’sthenearestmarket?—Walkalongthisroad,andthesecondturningontheleft.A.do B.go C.makeD.takeMrWangbeinNanjingnow,hewenttoBeijingonlythismorning.A.mustn’t B.maynotC.can’t D.needn’tOneofusanewbicycle.A.have B.has C.thereisD.thereare

Pleaseyourphotosherewithyoutomorrow.A.take B.bring C.carryD.liftDon’tyourlessons.We’llhelpyou.A.worry B.worriedabout C.beworriedabout D.beafraidThisbikeisveryexpensive.Itwillyouatleast200dollars.A.take B.spend C.costMrWhiteBeijingonMondaymorning.A.arrivedat B.reachedC.gotThewindowisbroken.Trytowhobrokeit.A.findout B.find C.look D.lookforHecouldneitherFrenchnorGerman.SoIwithhiminEnglish.A.speak,talked B.talk,toldC.say,spoke D.tell,talkedTimfelttoohungrywhenhegothome.Hequicklyallthefoodonthetable.tookoutateoutlookeduptookoutateoutlookedupD.ateupTheoldmanwasquiteweakaftertheaccident,sohe.A.musttakecareof B.mustbetakecareofC.mustlookafter D.mustbelookedafterHeoftenusEnglishstories.A.speaks B.tells C.saysD.talksTheticketisonthefloor.Wouldyoupleaseforme?A.pickitupB.pickupit C.pickupthem D.pickthemupThestudentsputdowntheirpenswhentheteacherthemtostopwriting.A.said B.spoke C.toldD.talkedHelivinginthecountrytothecity.A.likes B.prefersC.enjoysD.lovesIfyoudon’tknowaword,youmustthe

wordinadictionary.A.lookup B.lookdown C.lookover D.lookoutExcuseme,MrsSmith.CouldyoumybabywhileIamaway?A.lookup B.lookafter C.looklike D.lookdown—Howlonghaveyouthebook?-Twoweeks.A.bought B.lent C.hadD.borrowedIt’stimeforclass.We’dbetter.A.stoptotalk B.tostoptotalkC.stoptalking D.tostoptalkingTherewasastrangesoundoutside.Marywentoutandaround,butshenothing.A.looked,saw B.saw,sawC.watched,looked D.looked,find—Doyouknowhimwell?—Sure,Wefriendssincetenyearsago.becomeA.were B.havebeen C.havebecomeD.havemade

Carsandbusesstopwhenthetrafficlightsturnred.A.can B.need C.mayD.mustWouldyoupleasespeakmoreslowly?Icanhardlyyou.A.talkwith B.agreewith C.follow D.hear—Whataday!It’srainingagain.I’mafraidwecan’tgoboatingtomorrow.—Don’tworry.Itwon’tlong.A.drop B.last C.rainD.goThewomanthechildquicklyandtookhimtohospital.A.puton B.dressed C.hadonD.waswearingMyparentsShandongfortenyears.A.havebeenin B.havebeentoC.havegoneto D.havebeenTheplanetoHongKongatthistimeofday.A.takesoffB.getstoC.leavesfor

A.takesoffB.getstoC.leavesforD.takesaway—Doyouthinkhisstorytrue?—Idon’tthinkso.Butitsoundsgood.A.mustbe B.maybe C.canbe D.hastobe—Mum,myheadstillbadlyhurts.I’mgoingtodie.—Oh,dear.Don’tworry.I’llthedoctor.A.sendfor B.sendaway C.sendto D.sendupmecarefully,boysandgirls.Canyoume?A.Listento,hearfrom B.Hear,ListentoC.Hear,hear D.Listento,hearBecareful,Jane.Don’tyourhandsdirty.A.get B.keep C.haveD.letAnnissocarefulthatshealwaysgoesoverherexercisetotherearenomistakes.A.lookforB.makesureC.findA.lookforB.makesureC.findout D.thinkabout—Didyouwhattheteachersaid?—Notreally.Hespokealittletoofast.A.prefer B.listento C.catchD.learnfrom—I’msorryI’llhavetomyoffice.I’vehadawonderfultimehere.—It’sapleasuretohaveyouhere.A.getto B.return C.leaveforD.reachLookout!Theknifeisverysharp（锋利）.Youcutyourfinger.A.need B.must C.shouldD.mayDon’tthemachinewhenyouvisitthefactory.A.touch B.grow C.makeD.inventIt’shardtosaywhowillthematchintheend.Theyareneckandnecknow.A.win B.tick C.playD.fightIthoughtitwasagoodideabuthedidn’t me.A.sendfor B.lendto C.pointtoD.agreewithItwillbewarmertomorrow.Thetemperaturewill again.A.fallbelow B.goup C.stayaboveD.keepon—Howm