四川省达州市靖安中学2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析

四川省达州市靖安中学2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.—Whatisthepolicemandoing?—Heraiseshisarmasa(n)______forustostop.A.mark

B.signalC.application

D.goal参考答案：B考查名词辨析。句意为“那位警察在做什么？”“他抬起手臂示意我们停下。”A.mark记号

B.Signal信号，手势C.application应用

D.goal目标。B符合题意，故选B。2.Eithertheguidesortheteamleader________lookingafterthestudentsthen.

A.are

B.were

C.is

D.was

参考答案：D3.Smokingpollutesair.You______smokehere.A.won’t

B.can’t

C.oughtnotto

D.needn’t参考答案：C4.Itwasalreadydark.Then,Iwonderhowshe______throughtheforestbyherself.A.darednottogo B.daregoing C.notdareto D.daredtogo参考答案：D【详解】考查固定用法。句意：天已经黑了。然后，我想知道她怎么敢一个人穿过森林。dare做情态动词时通用于所有人称，后接动词原形；用作实义动词时，跟其他动词一样，借助助动词构成否定句和疑问句。故选D。5.

________intheregulations(规定)thatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.A.Whatisrequired

B.Whatrequires

C.itrequires

D.Itisrequired参考答案：D6.Toavoid________thesamemistake，hekeptcheckingthepaperagainandagain.A．tomake

B．ofmakingC．formaking

D．making参考答案：D考查avoid的用法。avoid避免，后接名词或动名词作宾语。句意为：为避免犯同样的错误，他一遍一遍地检查试卷。7.________isthecentreofourplanetarysystemwasadifficultconcepttograspintheMiddleAges.A.It’sthesunandnottheearth B.ThesunandnottheearthC.Beingthesunandnottheearth D.Thatthesunandnottheearth参考答案：D【详解】考查主语从句。句意：太阳而不是地球是我们行星系统的中心，这在中世纪是一个很难理解的概念。分析句子可知，整个句子为主系表结构，was为系动词，它之前的都为主语，且主语由句子来充当，句子结构以及句意完整，所以连词代词为that。故选D项。【点睛】当that用作连接词，引导名词性从句时，可引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，that在从句中既不充当任何成分，也无实际意义，仅起着连接句子的作用。一般不可省略。分析句子可知，整个句子为主系表结构，was为系动词，它之前的都为主语，且主语由句子来充当，句子结构以及句意完整，所以连词代词为that。故选D项。

8.Weshouldlearnfromthose___arealwaysreadytohelpothers.A.who

B.whom

C.they

D.that参考答案：A9.Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thecompanyproduced___in2012astheyearbefore.A.astwicemanycomputers

B.twicemanyascomputersC.twiceasmanycomputers

D.asmanycomputerstwice参考答案：C略10.MysonhaschangedsomuchthatIcouldhardly__________hisvoiceonthephone.A.hear

B.realize

C.recognize

D.find参考答案：C11.Only_____peoplecanhaveagoodunderstandingofthelecturegivenbythescientist.A.educated B.devoted C.concerned D.relaxed参考答案：A12.—CouldyoupleasefeedmypetdogformewhileI’maway?—____________.A.It’sapleasure

B.Mypleasure

C.Withpleasure

D.You’rewelcome参考答案：C试题分析：句意：——当我不在时你能帮我喂我的宠物狗吗？——乐意效劳。It’saPleasure.与Youarewelcome.意义相同,用于当别人对你说Thankyou.时,即“不用谢”。Withpleasure与Allright,Noproblem.I’dliketo等习语意义相同.用于别人求你做某事,你很乐意去做的时候。Mypleasure是相当正式的说法,意思是“我的荣幸之至”。此处是口语，故选C.13.In_______Chineseculture,marriagedecisionswereoftenmadebyparentsfortheirchildren,whichdefinitelydoesn'tworknow.A.historic B.remote C.traditional D.initial参考答案：C14.—Doyouneedanyhelp，Lucy?—Yes.Thejobis________Icoulddomyself.A．lessthan

B．morethanC．nomorethan

D．notmorethan参考答案：B考查形容词比较级的用法。lessthan少于，亚于；morethan多于，超过；nomorethan只不过；notmorethan至多，不多于。句意为：这工作超过了我力所能及的范围。morethan后接带有情态动词的从句，指“(某事)超出了……的范围”，符合题意。15.Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers________tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.A.gives B.hasgiven C.havegiven D.give参考答案：B【详解】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“inthelastthreemonths”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。本句主语为themusician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“alongwithhisbandmembers”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。16.LetHarryplaywithyourtoysaswell,Clare----youmustlearnto_______A.support B.care C.spare D.share参考答案：D17.Ilikemovies,and_____A.soTomdoes

B.norTomdoesC.nordoesTom

D.sodoesTom参考答案：D18.AmericanIndians________aboutfivepercentofthepopulationofAmerica.A.makeup

B.setupC.putup

D.giveup参考答案：A【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：美国印第安人大约占美国人口总数的5％。A.makeup占（比例，成分等）；B.setup建立；C.putup建造；D.giveup放弃，故选A。19.Weshouldplantalotoftreesinthemountain.Theycan_____thesand______awaybytherainwater.

A.protect,frombeingwashed

B.keep,washed

C.prevent,washing

D.stop,towash参考答案：A二、完型填空20.阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。MyFirstJobIwassixwhenIjoinedmyfatherandtwoelderbrothersatsunriseinthefieldsofEufaula,Okla.

36

thetimeIwaseightIwashelpingDadfixupoldfurniture.HegavemeacentforeverynailI

37

outofoldboards.Igotmyfirst

38

job,atJM’sRestaurantintown,whenIwas12.Mymainresponsibilities（职责）were

39

tablesandwashingdishes,

40

sometimesIhelpedcook.EverydayafterschoolIwould

41

toJM’sandworkuntilten.EvenonSaturdaysI

42

fromtwountileleven.Atthatageitwasdifficultgoingtoworkand

43

myfriendsrunofftoswimorplay.Ididn’tnecessarilylikework,butIlovedwhatworking

44

metohave.Becauseofmy

45

IwasalwaystheonebuyingwhenmyfriendsandIwenttothelocalTasteeFreez.Thismademe

46

.WordthatIwastrustworthyandhard-working

47

aroundtown.Alocalclothingstoreofferedmecredit(赊帐)

48

Iwasonlyinseventhgrade.Iimmediately

49a$68sportscoatanda$22pairofshoes.Iwas

50

only65centsanhour,andIalreadyowedthestorekeeper$90!SoIlearned

51

thedangerofeasycredit.Ipaidit

52

assoonasIcould.Myfirstjobtaughtmeself-control,responsibilityandbroughtmea

53

ofpersonalsatisfactionfewofmyfriendshadexperienced.Asmyfather,

54workedthreejobs,oncetoldme,“Ifyou

55

sacrifice(奉献)andresponsibility,therearenotmanythingsinlifeyoucan’thave.”Howrighthewas!

36.A.By

B.Within

C.From

D.Before37.A.put

B.pulled

C.picked

D.pressed38.A.usual

B.main

C.real

D.particular39.A.sweeping

B.packing

C.emptying

D.clearing40.A.or

B.but

C.so

D.even41.A.turn

B.head

C.change

D.move42.A.worked

B.studied

C.played

D.slept43.A.helping

B.watching

C.having

D.letting44.A.asked

B.told

C.allowed

D.promised45.A.study

B.job

C.age

D.power46.A.friendly

B.proud

C.lucky

D.hopeful47.A.got

B.ran

C.flew

D.carried48.A.while

B.although

C.if

D.since49.A.sold

B.borrowed

C.wore

D.charged50.A.keeping

B.paying

C.making

D.taking51.A.gradually

B.early

C.hardly

D.greatly52.A.off

B.over

C.away

D.out53.A.point

B.part

C.sense

D.sign54.A.who

B.that

C.he

D.whoever55.A.demand

B.understand

C.offer

D.fear参考答案：36-40ABCDB

41-45BABCB

46-50BABDC

51-55BACAB21.IfyouhavebeentoHarbininwinter,butdidn’thavea___21___toseepeopledowinter-swimming,Iamsureyouwillfeelit’sa(n)___22___.Canyouimagineswimminginariverwiththetemperaturebeingabout10degreesbelowzero?Thiswouldbe___23___tothepeoplefromtheSouth.IfyouwereontheSonghuajiangRiver,youcouldnothelp___24___thosebraveswimmers.Ifeltgreatlyexcitedaswellas___25___whenIfirstsawthewinter-swimming,thoughitwasverycoldthatday,theswimmerswereonlywearing___26___clothes,whileallthepeoplewatchingwerehavingheavyclothescoveringalltheirbodieswithonlytwo___27___visible.Ihadthoughtthattheriverwaswarm,butit___28___muchcoldwhenIdippedmyhandintotheriverwater.Whatexcitedmemostwasthewaythey___29___intotheriverfromthehighice-platformandthestylesinwhichtheyswam,____30____butterfly-strokeandback-stroke.Myunclehasbeen____31____aboutwinter-swimmingforseveralyears.NowheisamemberoftheWinterSwimmingClub.OnceIaskedhim,“Aren’tyouafraidofcold?Haveyougota____32____fromit?”Smiling,hesaid,“____33____wehaveastrongwill,wecansurelyovercomeany____34____anddifficulties.Ihaven’tgotacoldatall.Onthecontrary,Ihavebecome____35____thanIwasbefore.”That’strue,he____36____sufferfrombronchitis.However,sincehebegantolikeswimming,hehasbeenfully____37____fromthedisease.Today,moreandmorepeopleare____38____joininginthewinter-swimming,includingwomenandchildren.Thisactivityshowsthegreat____39____andstrongwillofthepeopleinHarbinwhichIthinkisjustwhatwe____40____inourworkandstudyaswell.21.A.partner B.car C.chance D.plan22.A.failure B.pity C.disadvantage D.wonder23.A.unforgettable B.hopeful C.valuable D.unbelievable24.A.admiring B.encouraging C.cheering D.supporting25.A.surprised B.regretful C.doubtful D.frightened26.A.thin B.working C.swimming D.short27.A.ears B.hands C.feet D.eyes28.A.seemed B.felt C.tasted D.remained29.A.walked B.dived C.rushed D.fell30.A.suchas B.aboveall C.forexample D.apartfrom31.A.worried B.concerned C.crazy D.nervous32.A.medal B.prize C.fever D.cold33.A.Evenif B.Eventhough C.Aslongas D.Eversince34.A.dangers B.fears C.risks D.shortcomings35.A.younger B.happier C.heavier D.healthier36.A.startedto B.cameto C.usedto D.continuedto37.A.recovered B.freed C.prevented D.separated38.A.actively B.formally C.gladly D.regularly39.A.kindness B.determination C.intelligence D.courage40.A.expect B.need C.dream D.train参考答案：21.C

22.B

23.D

24.A

25.A

26.C

27.D

28.B

29.B

30.A

31.C

32.D

33.C

34.B

35.D

36.C

37.A

38.A

39.D

40.B【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了在哈尔滨越来越多人积极参加冬季游泳活动。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.partner伙伴；B.car汽车；C.chance机会；D.plan计划。haveachancetodosth.有机会做某事。但没有机会看到人们冬泳。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.failure失败；B.pity遗憾；C.disadvantage缺点；D.wonder奇迹。根据前句IfyouhavebeentoHarbininwinter,butdidn’thavea___1___toseepeopledowinter-swimming,可知，我相信你会觉得很遗憾。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.unforgettable难以忘记的；B.hopeful怀有希望的；C.valuable有价值的；D.unbelievable难以置信的。根据前句Canyouimagineswimminginariverwiththetemperaturebeingabout10degreesbelowzero?可知，这对南方人来说是难以置信的。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.admiring钦佩；B.encouraging鼓励；C.cheering欢呼；D.supporting支持。如果你在松花江上，你会情不自禁地钦佩那些勇敢的游泳者。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.surprised惊讶的；B.regretful遗憾的；C.doubtful怀疑的；D.frightened害怕的。当我第一次看到冬季游泳时，我感到既兴奋又惊讶。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.thin薄的；B.working劳动的；C.swimming游泳的；D.short短的。根据后句whileallthepeoplewatchingwerehavingheavyclothescoveringalltheirbodieswithonlytwo___7___visible.对比可知，虽然那天很冷，但游泳的人只穿了泳衣。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.ears耳朵；B.hands手；C.feet脚；D.eyes眼睛。而所有观看的人都穿着厚厚的衣服，只露出两只眼睛。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.seemed看起来；B.felt感觉；C.tasted尝起来；D.remained保持。我以为河水很暖和，但当我把手伸进河里时，却感到很冷。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.walked行走；B.dived跳水；C.rushed冲；D.fell倒下。最令我兴奋的是他们从高高的冰台上跳入水中的方式，以及他们游泳的姿势，如蝶泳和仰泳。故选B。【30题详解】考查短语词义辨析。A.suchas例如；B.aboveall首先；C.forexample例如；D.apartfrom除了。forexample作“例如”讲时，一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例；而suchas作为“例如”讲，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。最令我兴奋的是他们从高高的冰台上跳入水中的方式，以及他们游泳的姿势，如蝶泳和仰泳。故选A。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.worried担心的；B.concerned关心的；C.crazy疯狂的；D.nervous紧张的。短语becrazyabout对……非常喜欢。我叔叔酷爱冬季游泳已有好几年了。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.medal奖章；B.prize奖品；C.fever发热；D.cold感冒。根据后句Ihaven’tgotacoldatall.提示可知，这里问“你感冒过吗?”故选D。【33题详解】考查短语词义辨析。A.Evenif即使；B.Eventhough即使；C.Aslongas只要；D.Eversince从那时起。只要我们有坚强的意志，我们一定能克服任何恐惧和困难。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.dangers危险；B.fears害怕；C.risks冒险；D.shortcomings缺点。只要我们有坚强的意志，我们一定能克服任何恐惧和困难。故选B。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.younger更年轻的；B.happier更快乐的；C.heavier更重的；D.healthier更健康的。根据前句Ihaven’tgotacoldatall.可知，相反，我比以前更健康了。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。A.startedto开始；B.cameto总计；C.usedto过去常常；D.continuedto继续。他过去患支气管炎。故选C。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.recovered恢复；B.freed释放；C.prevented阻止；D.separated分开。自从他开始喜欢游泳以来，他的病已经完全恢复了。故选A。【38题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A.actively积极地；B.formally正式地；C.gladly高兴地；D.regularly有规律地。越来越多的人积极参加冬季游泳，包括妇女和儿童。故选A。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.kindness善意；B.determination决心；C.intelligence智力；D.courage勇气。这项活动展示了哈尔滨人民的极大的勇气和坚强的意志。故选D。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.expect期望；B.need需要；C.dream梦想；D.train训练。我认为这正是我们工作和学习所需要的。故选B。【点睛】本文是一篇记叙类的完形填空，难度中等偏易。文章逻辑性较强，只要读懂文章大意，基本能选出正确答案。考生做此完形填空时，要充分理解文章大意，特别注重语境的理解，前后句之间的联系，在语境中斟酌所选的答案。如小题3考查的是形容词词义的辨析，我们需要根据前句Canyouimagineswimminginariverwiththetemperaturebeingabout10degreesbelowzero?可知，很难想象在零下10度以下在河里游泳，从而根据语境推知这对南方人来说是难以置信的，从而选出正确的答案。三、阅读理解22.Abusinessmanlosthiswallet.Therewasplentyofmoneyinit.Sohemadeapromise,"Ifsomeonefindsmywalletandreturnsittome,I'llgivehalfthemoneytohim."Adustmanfoundthewalletinadustbin.Hesentitbacktotheloser.Butthebusinessmanchangedhismind."Therewasstilladiamondringinmywallet,"saidtheloser,"Iwon'tgivehalfthemoneyinmywallettoyouuntilyoureturnittome!""I'veneverseenadiamondringinthewallet,"saidthedustman.Theybegantoquarrel.Thebusinessmanrefusedtodowhathehadsaid.Thedustmanbecameangryandtookhimbeforeajudge.Afterthejudgeheardwhathadhappenedtothem,hesaidtothebusinessman,"I'msureyouareanhonestman.It'struethatyouhavelostawalletinwhichtherewasadiamondring.Butit'salsoclearthatthereisonlyalotofmoneyinthiswallet.Idon'tthinkit'syours.Waitforsometime.Perhapssomeonewillbeabletoreturnyourwallettoyou!"Thenthejudgeturnedtothedustmanandsaid,"Takethewallethome.Iftheloserdoesn'tgotogetitbackinthreedays,itwillbelongtoyou!"44.Thewalletthebusinessmanlost________.A.wasfoundinashopB.wassenttothejudgeC.wasfoundinadustbinD.wasnevertobefound45.Thebusinessmanwaseagertogetbackthewalletbecause_________.A.therewastheaddressofanimportantjudgeinit

B.therewasalotofmoneyinitC.heputinitadiamondringhehadjustboughtD.itwasaveryexpensiveone46.Havingheardwhathadhappened,thejudge_________.A.tookthesideofthebusinessman

B.madeawisedecisionC.tookpityontheloser

D.didnotknowwhattodo47.Wheredoyouthinkwasthediamondring?A.Thebusinessmanhidit.B.ThedustmankeptitC.Thejudgestoleit.D.Thestoryoftheringwasnothingbutalie.参考答案：CBBD23.Theideaofturningrecycledplasticbottlesintoclothingisnotnew.Duringthelastfiveyears,alargenumberofclothingcompanies,businessesandenvironmentalorganizationshavestartedturningplasticsintofabrictodealwithplasticpollution.Butthere’saproblemwiththismethod.Researchnowshowsthatmicrofiberscouldbethebiggestsourceofplasticinthesea.Dr.MarkBrowneinSantaBarbara,California,hasbeenstudyingplasticpollutionandmicrofibersfor10yearsnow.Heexplainsthateverytimesynthetic(合成的)clothesgointoawashingmachine,alargenumberofplasticfibersfalloff.Mostwashingmachinescan’tcollectthesemicrofibers.Soeverytimethewatergetsoutofawashingmachine,microfibersareenteringthesewersandfinallyendupinthesea.In2011,Brownewroteapaperstatingthatasinglepieceofsyntheticclothingcanproducemorethan1,900fibersperwash.Brownecollectedsamplesfromseawaterandfreshwatersitesaroundtheworld,andusedaspecialwaytoexamineeachsample.Hediscoveredthateverysinglewatersamplecontainedmicrofibers.Thisisbadnewsforanumberofreasons.Plasticcancauseharmtosealifewheneaten.Studieshavealsoshownthatplasticcanabsorbotherpollutants.Basedonthisevidence,itmayseemsurprisingthatcompaniesandorganizationshavechosentoturnplasticwasteintoclothingasanenvironmental“solution.”Eventhoughthesciencehasbeenaroundforawhile,Browneexplainsthathe'shadadifficulttimegettingcompaniestolisten.Whenheaskedwell-knownclothingcompaniestosupportBenignbyDesign—hisresearchprojectthatseekstogetclothesthathaveabadeffectonhumansandtheenvironmentoutofthemarket,Brownedidn’tgetasatisfyinganswer.Onlyonewomen’sclothingcompany,EileenFisher,offeredBrownefunding.12.Whathashappenedduringthepastfiveyears?A.Fabrichasbecomemuchstronger.B.Plasticpollutionhasbeenlessserious.C.Manyplasticbottleshavebeenreused.D.Microfibershavebeengreatlyimproved.13.WhatdoesBrownethinkofwashingsyntheticclothes?A.Itisaddingmicrofiberstotheclothes.B.Itisworseningenvironmentalproblems.C.Itismakingsyntheticclotheslastlonger.D.Itisdoinggreatdamagetowashingmachines.14.WhatcanbeinferredaboutBrowne’sBenignbyDesignresearchproject?A.Ithasachievedgreatsuccess. B.Ithasn’tgotanythingdone.C.Itisknowntoveryfewpeople. D.Itisfacingsom