【练习】仁爱版初中英语讲义九年级被动语态的讲解和练习

被动语态开心开心刻二、（1）题讲一、导入孩子弄的大人没脾气儿子问老公：张飞他妈姓什么？老公：不知道。儿子：笨，姓吴，无事生非（吴氏生飞）都不知道。儿子再问：张飞他爸姓什么？老公思索半天，猛拍脑门：姓惹，惹事生非！儿子狂笑：笨死了！姓张！你不跟你爸姓呀。☆专题1： 被动语态1、语态概述我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。2、五种基本句型结构之一：主+谓+宾E.g:Ieatanapple.Tomplaysbasketball.（注:在“主+谓+宾”结构中，主语是动作的执行者，宾语是动作的承受者。）3、被动语态谓语结构：bedone（过去分词）

.主动语态：主语是动作的执行者fe.g.：ManypeoplespeakChinese.一.被动语态：主语是动作的承受者e.g.：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.被动语态变化模式如图:Theymakethebikesinthefactory.Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.4、被动语态的使用情况：1）、当不知道谁是动作的执行者时；Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）2）、没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者时；Thedoorwasopened.（没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者）3）、只需强调动作的承受者时。Thewindowwasbrokenbymike.窗户是迈克打破的。5、各种时态的被动语态结构:bedone（总结构）

时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时do\doesam\is\are+done一般过去时didwas\were+done现在进行时am\is\are+doingam\is\are+being+done过去进行时was\were+doingwas\were+being+done一般将来时will+dowillbe+done现在完成时have\has+donehave\has+been+done有情态动词情态动词+do情态动词+be+done6、主动语态变被动语态步骤：1.判断时态：思考这种时态的被动语态结构。2主变宾：主动语态句子中的宾语变被动语态句子中的主语（同时宾变主）。.谓动变被动：把谓语动词变成被动结构（be+done）.主语放by后，主格变宾格：把主动语态中的主语放在介词by（被）之后，将主格变为宾格。e.g.：1、Allthepeoplelaughedathim.Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.2、HecutsdownatreeAtreeiscutdownbyhim.3、Iameatinganapple.Anappleisbeingeatenbyme.4、TheygrowriceinSouthChina.RiceisgrowninSouthChina.5、Theywilldotheirhomeworktomorrow.Theirhomeworkwillbedonebythemtomorrow.7、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。(歌诀是：情态动词变被动，情态加be，力口“过分”。)e.g：1.Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.Thiswatchcanberepairedbyusintwodays..Hemustfinishthisworksoon.Thisworkmustbefinishedbyhimsoon..Weshouldplanttreesinspring.Treesshouldbeplantedbyusinspring.初中阶段可用于被动语态的情态动词有：can(bedone)能够被…may(bedone)可以'能被…must(bedone)必须被…need(bedone)需要被…should(bedone)应该被…三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如:Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseand ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.众所周知 Itiswellknownthat…据推测说 Itissupposedthat…三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如:Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseand ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.众所周知……Itiswellknownthat…据推测说……Itissupposedthat…四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如:TinaisaskedtocomebyPaul.Tina是被Paul叫来的。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：HewasborninOctober,1989.四、巩固练习

一、单选：( )1.Theflowersoften.A.mustbewater B.mustbewateredC.mustwatered D.mustwater( )2.Thebooksmayfortwoweeks.A.bekept B.beborrowedC.keep D.borrow( )3.ThebrokenbikeherebyMrSmith.A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended( )4.NowthesemagazinesA.havekeptC.havebeenkeeping( )5.ThepotforhotwaterA.used;keepingC.isused;tokeep( )4.NowthesemagazinesA.havekeptC.havebeenkeeping( )5.ThepotforhotwaterA.used;keepingC.isused;tokeep( )6.TeainthesouthofChelibraryforalongtime.B.arekeepingD.havebeenkeptB.wasused;keepingD.areused;keepA.growsisgrownweregrownD.willA.growsisgrownweregrownD.willgrow( )7.Thebridgestwoyearsago.A.isbuilt B.built C.werebuilt D.wasbuilt( )8.Thebike500yuan.A.wascost B.costed C.cost D.iscosted( )9.--Kategotherdriver,slicenseyesterday.--Ithink15-year-oldsdrive.Theyarenotcalmenough.A.shouldbeallowednotto B.shouldallowtoC.shouldn,tbeallowedto D.shouldbeallowedto( )10.ThePeople'sRepublicofChinaonOctober1,1949.A.found B.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound五、拓展训练一、将下列主动句转换成被动句

Theteachertoldhimnottowastetimeonplayingcomputergames.Theworkersarebuildinganewrailwaybetweenthetwocities.Theyshoulddoitrightnow.TheynamedtheboyJohnson.Themonsterletthelittlegirlcleanthecave..6.eopleinthetownlaughatMikeforhisfancydress..Wecan'tdoitinyoneda.Youngpeoplemusttakegoodcareofoldpeople当堂过手训练(快练五分钟，稳准建奇功！)一、单选：( )1.EnglishinCanada.A.speaksarespokenisspeakingisspokenA.speaksarespokenisspeakingisspoken( )2.ThisEnglishsongbythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangisoftensangisoftenA.oftensingsB.oftensangisoftensangisoftensung)3.ThiskindofcarinJapan.A,makesmadeismakingismadeA,makesmadeismakingismade)4.Newcomputersallovertheworld.isusedareusingareusedhaveusedisusedareusingareusedhaveused)5.Ourroommustclean.A.keepbekepttobekepttokeepA.keepbekepttobekepttokeep)6.Doctorsineverypartoftheworld.A.needareneedingareneededwillneedA.needareneedingareneededwillneedB.ispublishing)7.Hisnewbooknextmonth.B.ispublishingAwillbepublishedisbeingpublishedhasbeenpublishedisbeingpublishedhasbeenpublished)8.Japaneseineverycountry.A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking( )9.Thesepapers yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenA.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking( )9.Thesepapers yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten初中英语不规则动词表1.AAA动词原形过去式过去分词

cost[kost]cost[kost]cost[kost]花费cut[kAt]cut[kAt]cut[kAt]割，切hurt[h:t]hurt[h:t]hurt[h:t]受伤hit[hit]hit[hit]hit[hit]打，撞let[let]let[let]let[let]让put[put]put[put]put[put]放下read[ri:d]read[ri:d]read[ri:d]读set[set]set[set]set[set]安排，安置spread[spred]spread[spred]spread[spred]展开，传播，涂spit[spit]spit/spat[spit]spit/spat[spit]吐痰，shutQfAt]shut[JAt]shutQfAt]关上，闭起，停止营业2.ABB动词原形过去式过去分词beat[bi:t] beat[bi:t] beaten['bi:tn] 打败3.ABA动词原形过去式过去分词become[bi'kAm]became[bi'keim]become[bi'kAm]变come[kAm]came[keim]come[kAm]来run[rAn]ran[r田n]run[rAn]跑4.ABB(1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d,t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。

动词原形过去式过去分词burn[b:n]burnt[b:nt]burnt[b:nt]燃烧deal[di:l]dealt[delt]dealt[delt]解决dream[dri:m]dreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt[dremt]做梦hear[hi]heard[h:d]heard[h:d]听见hang['h田川hanged/hung[hA^]hanged/hung绞死，悬挂learn[l:n]learned/learnt[l:nt]learned/learnt[l:nt]学习light['lait]lit/lighted[lit]lit/lighted[lit]点燃，照亮mean[mi:n]meant[ment]meant[ment]意思prove[pru:v]provedproven/proved['pru:vn]证明，证实，试验shine[Jain]shone/shinedshone/shined[fun,Jbn]使照耀，使发光show[fu]showedshowed/shown[Tun]展示，给…看smell[smel]smelled/smelt[smelt]smelled/smelt[smelt]闻，嗅speed[spi:dsped[sped]/speesped/speeded[sped]加速2・

]dedspell[spel]spelled/spelt[spelt]spelled/spelt[spelt]拼写wake[weik]waked/woke[w。uk]waked/woken['w0ukon]醒来，叫醒，激发(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形过去式过去分词build[bild]built[bilt]built[bilt]建筑lend[lend]lent[lent]lent[lent]借给rebuild[,ri:'bild]rebuilt[,ri:'bilt]rebuilt[,ri:'bilt]改建，重建send[send]sent[sent]sent[sent]送spend[spend]spent[spent]spent[spent]花费(3)原形—ought—ought动词原形过去式过去分词bring[brig]brought[bro:t]brought[bro:t]带来buy[bai]bought[bo:t]bought[bo:t]买fight[fait]foughtgt]fought[fo:t]打架think[Oigk]thought[0o:t]thought[0o:t]思考，想(4)原形—aught—aught动词原形过去式过去分词catch[k也帆caught[ko:t]caught[ko:t]捉,抓3

teach[ti:tf]（5）变其中一个taught[to:t]玩音字母taught[to:t]教动词原形过去式过去分词dig[dig]dug[dAg]dug[dAg]掘（土），挖（洞、沟等）feed[fi:d]fed[fed]fed[fed]喂find[faind]foundfound发现，找到get[get]got[got]got/gotten['gotn]得至4hold[huld]held[held]held[held]拥有，握住，支持lead[li:d]led[led]led[led]引导，带领，领导meet[mi:t]met[met]met[met]遇见sit[sit]sat[s田t]sat[s田t]坐shoot[fu:t]shot[Jbt]shotQfot]射击spit[spit]spit/spat[sp田t]spit/spat[sp田t]吐痰，stick[stik]stuck[stAk]stuck[stAk]插进，刺入，粘住，win[win]won[wAn]won[wAn]赢(6)原形一□lt/pt/ftT^t/pt/ft动词原形过去式过去分词4feel['fi:l]felt[felt]felt[felt]感到keep[ki:p]kept[kept]kept[kept]保持leave[li:v]left[left]left[left]离开sleep[sli:p]slept[slept]slept[slept]睡觉sweep[swi:p]swept[swept]swept[swept]扫(7)其它动词原形过去式过去分词lay[lei]laid[leid]laid[leid]下蛋，放置pay[pei]paid[peid]paid[peid]付say[sei]said[sed]said[sed]说stand[st田nd]stood[stud]stood[stud]站understandunderstood],And'st田nd]understood[,And'st田nd]明白lose[lu:z]10st[lost,lo:st]10st[lost,lo:st]失去have[hv]had[h田d,hd,d]had[h田d,hd,d]有make[meik]made[meid]made[meid]制造sell[sel]sold[suld]sold[suld]卖tell[tel]told[tuld]told[tuld]告诉retell[,ri:'tel]retold[,ri:'tuld]retold[,ri:'tuld]重讲，重复，复述5.ABC(1)原形—过去式1原形+(e)n动词原形过去式过去分词5blow[blu]blew[blu:]blown吹drive[draiv]drove[druv]driven[drivn]驾驶draw[dro:]drew[dru:]drawn[dro:n]画画eat[i:t]ate[et,eit]eaten['i:tn]吃fallgl]Fell[fe]fallen['fo:ln]落下give[giv]gave[geiv]given['givn]给grow[gru]grew[gru:]grown[grun]生长forgive[f'giv]forgot[f'got]forgiven原谅，饶恕know[nu]knew[nju:,nu:]known知道mistake[mi'steik]mistook[mi'stuk]mistooken弄错；误解，overeat['uv'i:t]overate[,uv'reit]overeaten（使）吃过量prove[pru:v]provedproven/proved证明，证实，试验take[teik]took[tuk]taken['teikn,'teikn]拿throw[Oru]threw[Oru:]thrown[Orun,'Orun]抛，扔ride[raid]rode[rud]ridden['ridn]骑s