2023年职称英语等级考试试题

2023年职称英语等级考试试题、答案及题解

理工类C级第一部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子背面所给旳4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近旳词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。1.

Iamnotcertainwhetherhewillcome.

A

determined

B

sure

C

sorry

D

glad2.

Sheseemedtohavedetectedsomeangerinhisvoice.

A

noticed

B

heard

C

realized

D

got3.

PleasedonothesitatetocallmeifIcanbeoffurtherassistance.

A

contact

B

see

C

help

D

touch4.

Inshort,Iamgoingtolivetheremyself.

A

Inotherwords

B

Thatistosay

C

Inaword

D

Tobefrank5.

Hehastroubleunderstandingthatotherpeoplejudgehimbyhissocialskillsandconduct.

A

style

B

behavior

C

mode

D

attitude6.

Ihadsomedifficultyincarryingouttheplan.

A

making

B

keeping

C

changing

D

implementing7.

Mr.Johnsonevidentlyregardedthisasagreatjoke.

A

readily

B

casually

C

obviously

D

simply8.

WeallthinkthatMary’shusbandisaveryboringperson.

A

shy

B

stupid

C

dull

D

selfish9.

Theworkersinthatfactorymanufacturefurniture.

A

promote

B

paint

C

produce

D

polish10.

Theyonlyhavealimitedamountoftimetogettheirpointsacross.

A

large

B

total

C

small

D

similar11.

Thehigh-speedtrainscanhaveamajorimpactontravelpreferences.

A

force

B

influence

C

surprise

D

power12.

Canyoufollowtheplot?

A

change

B

investigate

C

write

D

understand13.

Eveninahighlymodernizedcountry,manualworkisstillneeded.

A

physical

B

mental

C

natural

D

hard14.

Inthelattercasetheoutcomecanbeseriousindeed.

A

result

B

judgment

C

decision

D

event15.

NormanBlameyisanartistofdeepconvictions.

A

statements

B

beliefs

C

suggestions

D

claims第2部分：阅读判断（第16—22题，每题1分，共7分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文旳内容对每个句子做出判断。假如该句提供旳是对旳信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；假如该句提供旳是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；假如该句旳信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。TheThreattoKiribatiThepeopleofKiribatiareafraidthatonedayinthenot-too-distantfuture,theircountrywilldisappearfromthefaceoftheearth-literally.Severaltimesthisyear,thePacificislandnationhasbeenfloodedbyasuddenhightide.Thesetides,whichsweptacrosstheislandanddestroyedhouses,camewhentherewasneitherwindnorrain.“Thisneverhappenedbefore,”saytheoldercitizensofKiribati.

Whatiscausingthesemysterioushightides?Theanswermaywellbeglobalwarming.Whenfuelslikeoilandcoalarebeingburned,pollutants(污染物)arereleased;thesepollutantstrapheatintheearth’satmosphere.Warmertemperaturescausewatertoexpandandalsocreatemorewaterbymeltingglaciers(冰川)andpolar(极地旳)icecaps.

Ifthetrendcontinues,scientistssay,manycountrieswillsuffer,Bangladesh,forexample,mightloseone-fifthofitsland.Thecoral(珊瑚)islandnationsofthePacific,likeKiribatiandtheMarshallIslands,however,wouldfaceanevenworsefate–theywouldbeswallowedbythesea.Thelossofthesecoralislandswouldbeeveryone’sloss.Coralformationsarehometomorespeciesthananyotherplaceonearth.

Thepeopleofthesenationsfeelfrustrated.Thesea,onwhichtheireconomieshavealwaysbeenbased,issuddenlythreateningtheirexistence.Theydon’thavethemoneyforexpensivetechnologicalsolutionslikeseawalls.Andtheyhavenocontroloverthepollutants,whicharebeingreleasedmainlybyactivitiesinlargeindustrializedcountries.Alltheycandoistohopethatindustrializedcountrieswilltakestepstoreducepollution.16.

ThepeopleofKiribatiworrythatonedaytheircountrywillbetakenawaybyasuddenhightide.

A

Right

B

Wrong

C

Notmentioned17.

HightidesusedtoattackKiribatiwhentherewasstrongwindorheavyrain.

A

Right

B

Wrong

C

Notmentioned18.

Theheatreleasedbyburningoilandcoalisthedirectcauseofglobalwarming.

A

Right

B

Wrong

C

Notmentioned19.

Scientistsarenotsurehowserioustheeffectsofglobalwarmingwillbe.

A

Right

B

Wrong

C

Notmentioned20.

ThecoralislandnationsofthePacifichavealonghistoryofcivilization.

A

Right

B

Wrong

C

Notmentioned21.

Thepeopleofthecoralislandnationsareunabletodoanythingsubstantialabouttheproblemofglobalwarming.

A

Right

B

Wrong

C

Notmentioned22.

Someindustrializedcountriesareunwillingtospendmoneyinreducingpollution.

A

Right

B

Wrong

C

Notmentioned第3部分：概括大意与完毕句子（第23—30题，每题1分，共8分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23—26题规定从所给旳6个选项中为第2、3、5和6段每段选择1个对旳旳小标题；（2）第27—30题规定从所给旳6个选项中选择4个对旳选项，分别完毕每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。Robots1

Themostsophisticated(先进旳)Japaneserobots,whichhavevisionsystemsandworkatveryhighspeeds,arestillbasedonAmericandesigns.Studiesofrobots,particularlycomputercontrolsoftware,areconsideredtobegenerallylessadvancedinJapanthaninAmericaorEurope.

2

Althoughindustrialrobotswereoriginallydevelopedasdevicesforsimplyhandlingobjects,todaytheircommonestusesareformoreskilledworklikewelding(焊接),spray-paintingandassemblingcomponents.

3

InBritain,robotsalesappropriatelypeakedin1984,buthavebeendecliningeversince.ThisispartlybecauseBritishwageratesaretoolowtomakerobotsfinanciallyattractiveandpartlybecauseengineersnowhavemoreexperiencewithrobotsandaremoreawareofthedifficultiesofintroducingthemeffectively.

4

Ithasbeencalculatedthatarobotusesonaverageabout100timesmoreenergythanahumantodoanequivalentjob.

5

Itisestimatedthat20%ofallcomicbookheroesinJapanarerobots.ThisisanenormousnumberbecausecomicsaresopopularthattheymakeupathirdofallmaterialpublishedinJapan.

6

ThereliabilityofrobotsismeasuredintheirM.T.B.F.ormeantimebetweenfailures.Thishasrisenfromabout250hoursinthemid-1970stoabout10,000hourstoday(equivalenttoworking18hoursadayfortwoyears.)Onewayrobotmanufacturershaveincreasedreliabilityistotesteverysinglecomponenttheybuy,insteadofthenormalprocedureofjusttestingasmallsample.

7

ThebiggestsinglebenefitofintroducingrobotsclaimedbyJapanesecompaniesisthattheyincreasequalitycontrol.Onceprogrammed,therobotscanworkmoreaccuratelyandconsistentlythanhumans,whocangettiredandbored.23.

Paragraph2_____________

24.

Paragraph3_____________

25.

Paragraph5_____________

26.

Paragraph6_____________

27.

EventhemostsophisticatedJapaneserobotsare__________.

28.

RobotsarelesspopularinBritaintodaypartlybecause________.

29.

Onedisadvantageofusingrobotsisthattheyconsume___________.

30.

Theuseofrobotsincreases___________.A

toomuchenergy

B

basedonAmericandesigns

C

theyaretoocostly

D

theyarenotreliable

E

qualitycontrol

F

freeofcharge第4部分：阅读理解（第31—45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题背面有4个选项。请根据文章旳内容，从每题所给旳4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。第一篇

EtaCarinaeAspossiblythegalaxy’s(银河)mostmassivestar,EtaCarinaeisnowengaginginsomeveryunusualbehaviour.Australianastronomers,beingintheSouthernHemisphere(半球),areabletoobserveitclearly.

Inthe19thcentury,EtaCarinaewasforatimethethirdbrighteststarinthesky.Ithasnowbecomelessbrightsothatbinoculars(双筒望远镜)areneededtoseeit.“Itseemstobebrighteningandbecominglessbrightoveraperiodofmanyyears”,saidDrBobDuncanfromtheAustraliaTelescopeNationalFacility.

Whileitisnotunusualforstarstovaryinbrightness,theperiodisusuallymuchshorter.“Since1992ithasbecomefourtimesbrighter,andthenlastyearitbegantodropdramatically,”hesaid.

TheprobleminobservingEtaCarinaeisthatithasbeensurroundedbyacloudofgasanddust,makingithardtoseethestardirectly.However,radiowavesandinfraredlight(红外线)canpassthroughthiscloud,sotelescopesthatreceivethesewavelengthscanobservewhatisoccurring.

EtaCarinaeisofparticularinteresttoastronomersbecauseitseemstobeinitsdeaththroes（剧痛）.Beingsolargeitwillendupasasupernova(超新星).Therehasnotbeenasupernovainourgalaxysincetheinventionofthetelescope.Whilea1987explosioninanearbygalaxygaveastronomersplentyofvaluabledata,theyarehungryforanevencloserlook.

EtaCarinaehasotheruniquefeatures,andistheonlystarknowntoproduceanultraviolet(紫外线)laserthatisbrighterthanthatproducedbytheSun.Lasershavebeenobservedinotherfrequenciesfromafewstars.31.

EtaCarinaeisnowengagingin

A.

someverycommonbehaviour

B.

someverydullbehaviour

C.

someveryfrighteningbehaviour.

D.

someverystrangebehaviour32.

Theword“period”inParagraph3meansthelengthoftime

A.

overwhichstarvaryinbrightness

B.

forwhichEtacarinae’sbrighteninglasts.

C.

Etacarinaetakestobecomeasupernova.

D.

ittakesthelaserfromEtacarinaetotraveltotheearth.33.

EtaCarinaeishardtoobservebecause

A.

itistoofaraway.

B.

thereistoomuchdustandgasaroundit.

C.

thebinocularsarenotpowerfulenough.

D.

itdoesnotsendoutinfraredlight.34.

AstronomersareparticularlyinterestedinEtaCarinaebecause

A.

itisinitsfinalstage.

B.

itisasupernova.

C.

itexplodedin1987.

D.

itisbrighterthanthesun.35.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutEtaCarinaeisNOTtrue?

A.

Itwillendupasasupernova.

B.

Itcanbeseenonlythroughbinoculars.

C.

Itistheonlystarthatsendsoutanultravioletlaser.

D.

ItsultravioletlaserisbrighterthanthatoftheSun.第二篇

NewFoodsandtheNewWorldInthelast500years,nothingaboutpeople–nottheirclothes,ideas,orlanguages–haschangedasmuchaswhattheyeat.Theoriginalchocolatedrinkwasmadefromtheseedsofthecocatree(可可树)bySouthAmericanIndians.TheSpanishintroducedittotherestoftheworldduringthe1500’s.Andalthoughitwasveryexpensive,itquicklybecamefashionable.InLondon,shopswherechocolatedrinkswereservedbecameimportantmeetingplaces.Somestillexisttoday.

ThepotatoisalsofromtheNewWorld.Around1600,theSpanishbroughtitfromPerutoEurope,whereitsoonwaswidelygrown.IrelandbecamesodependentonitthatthousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedwhenthecropfailedduringthe“PotatoFamine(饥荒)”of1845-1846,andthousandsmorewereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmovetoAmerica.

TherearemanyotherfoodsthathavetraveledfromSouthAmericatotheOldWorld.Butsomeotherswentintheoppositedirection.Brazilisnowtheworld’slargestgrowerofcoffee,andcoffeeisanimportantcropinColombiaandotherSouthAmericancountries.ButitisnativetoEthiopia,acountryinAfrica.ItwasfirstmadeintoadrinkbyArabduringthe1400’s.

AccordingtoanArabiclegend,coffeewasdiscoveredwhenapersonnameKaldinoticedthathisgoatswereattractedtotheredberriesonacoffeebush.Hetriedoneandexperiencedthe“wide-awake”feelingthatone-thirdoftheworld’spopulationnowstartsthedaywith.36.

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinghaschangedthemostinthelast500years?

A.

Food

B.

Clothing

C.

Ideology.

D.

Language.37.

“Some”inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphrefersto

A.

somecocoatrees.

B.

somechocolatedrinks.

C.

someshops.

D.

somesouthamericanindians.38.

ThousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedduringthe“PotatoFamine”because

A.

theyweresodependentonpotatoesthattheyrefusedtoeatanythingelse.

B.

theywereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmovetoamerica.

C.

theweatherconditionsinirelandwerenotsuitableforgrowingpotatoes.

D.

thepotatoharvestwasbad.39.

Whichcountryisthelargestcoffeeproducer?

A.

Brazil.

B.

Colombia.

C.

Ethiopia.

D.

Egypt.40.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue,accordingtothepassage?

A.

Onethirdoftheworld’spopulationdrinkscoffee.

B.

CoffeeisnativetoColombia.

C.

Coffeecankeeponeawake.

D.

CoffeedrinkswerefirstmadebyArabs.第三篇

London’sFirstLightRailSystemTheDocklandsLightRailway(DLR)tookjustthreeyearstobuildatacostof￡77million.ItisLondon’sfirstLightRailSystem,butitsroutefollowsthatofanumberofolderlines,whichcarriedthenineteenthcenturyrailwaysthroughthecroweddistrictsoftheEastEnd.

ThesectionofthelinefromtheTowerGatewayStationtoPoplarfollowsthelineofoneofLondon’searliestrailways,theLondon&Blackwell(1840),acable-drawnrailway(laterconvertedtosteam)whichcarriedpassengerstosteamshipsatBlackwellPier,andprovidedtransportforthemessengersandclerkswhowentbackwardsandforwardsbetweenthedocks(码头)andthecityeveryday.

FromPoplartoIsland

ThePolartoStratfordsectionoftheDLRroutewasfirstdevelopedbytheNorthLondonRailway,builtinthe1850stolinktheWestandEastIndiaDockswiththemanufacturingdistrictsoftheMidlandsandNorthofEngland.Thereweremajorrailwayworksandsidings(岔线)atBowuntilrecently.

Thetrainsareautomaticallycontrolledfromacentralcomputer,whichdealswithallsignalingandothersafetyfactors,aswellasadjustingspeedstokeepwithinthetimetable;onboardeachvehicle,TrainCaptains,whoarealsofullyqualifieddrivers,areequippedwithtwo-wayradiostomaintaincontactwithcentralcontrol.Therearepassengerlifts,andself-serviceticketmachines,ateverystation.41.

ThepassagetellsusthatLondon’sfirstLightRailSystem.

A.

wasconstructedinthenineteenthcentury.

B.

willbefinishedinthreeyears’time.

C.

followssomeoftheoriginallines.

D.

tookthreeyearslongerthanexpectedtocomplete.42.

WelearnfromthepassagethattheLondon&Blackwellrailway

A.

nowcarriespassengerstoandfromthedocks.

B.

wasabusylineafewyearsago.

C.

usedtoemploymanymessengersandclerks.

D.

wasnotoriginallyasteamrailway.43.

“Thisline”inParagraph3refersto

A.

thelinefromtheTowerGatewayStationtoPoplar.

B.

thelinefromPoplartoIslandGardens.

C.

theMillwallExtensionRailway.

D.

thelinefromPoplarto44.

ItappearsthatthePoplartoStratfordsectionoftheDLRroutewasoriginallydevelopedto

A.

promotetravelintheMidlands.

B.

encouragetradewiththeNorthofEngland.

C.

createemployment.

D.

makethetransportofgoodseasier.45.

ThetrainsontheDLRarecontrolledby

A.

anon-boardcentralcomputer.

B.

acomputerengineeronboard.

C.

two-wayradiosoperatedbythedrivers.

D.

acomputercenterbasedsomewherealongtheline.第5部分：补全短文（第46—50题，每题2分，共10分）

阅读下面旳短文，文章中有5处空白，文章背面有6组文字，请根据文章旳内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。SuccessStoriesOneofthemostsuccessfulfashioncompaniesintheworldisBenetton.TheBenettonfamilyopenedtheirfirstshopinItalyin1968._________(46)Benettonfollowedfourmarketingprinciplesinordertoachievetheirsuccess.

ThefirstprincipleinConsumerConcept.Tobuildasuccessfulbusiness,youhavetodevelopproductsaroundthingspeoplevalue,especiallyquality.___________(47)Hecreatedclothestomatchpeople’swants:thestyleiscasual;thecolorsandpatternsarebold;andthequalityisexcellent.

TheSystemLinkinanotherfeatureofgoodmarketing.ForBenetton,thismeanswaitingtogetinformationaboutwhatcustomerslikeandwhattheydislikebeforemakingtheclothes._________(48).

TheInformationLinkmeansmakingsurethecompanyrespondsquicklytopeople’sdemands._____________(49)ThisinformationisthensenttothemainofficeinItaly.Benettoncanusethisinformationtoidentifypopularproductsandtocontinuemakingthem;itcanalsoidentifylesspopularproductsandstopmakingthem.

AfinalimportantmarketingprincipleistheRetailLink.ThereareBenettonstoresincountriesaroundtheworld.Allthestoreshavethesameclothing,thesamewindowdisplay,andthesameapproachtosales.______________(50)

ThethingspeoplelikeaboutBenettonstoresarethatthequalityisalwayshighandthepricesaregenerallylow.Andthatspellssuccess.A

ThefounderofBenettonbeganbyaskingpeoplewhattheywanted.B

Thereusedtobeagoodreasonforthis.C

WhensomethingissoldataBenettonstore,thestorerecordsinformationaboutthetype,size,andcoloroftheitem.D

Today,thereareBenettonshopsinmajorcitiesallovertheworld.E

ThismeansthatcustomerscangointoanyBenettonstoreintheworldandbesureofwhattheyarebuying.F

Inotherwords,Benetton’sclothesaremadetoorder.第6部分：完形填空

（第51—65题，每题1分，共15分）

阅读下面旳短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文旳内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。SingingAlarmsCouldSavetheBlindIfyoucannotsee,youmaynotbeabletofindyourwayoutofaburningbuilding–andthatcouldbefatal.AcompanyinLeedscould____________(51)allthatwithdirectional(定向旳)soundalarmscapableofguidingyoutotheexit.

SoundAlert,acompanyrun__________(52)theUniversityofLeeds,isinstallingthealarmsinaresidentialhomefor______________(53)peopleinSommersetandaresourcecenterfortheblindinCambria.Thealarmsproducea_____(54)rangeoffrequenciesthatenablethebrainto________(55)wherethesoundiscomingfrom.

DeborahWithingtonofSoundAlertsaysthatthealarmsusemostofthefrequenciesthatcanbe__________(56)byhumans.“Itisaburstofwhitenoisethatpeoplesaysoundslikestat