Unit 4 Extended Reading 高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册

TheValueofScienceline2:ButthenduringthewarIworkedontheatomicbomb.workon:从事，致力于line3：Thisresultofsciencewasobviouslyveryserious--itrepresentedthedestructionofpeopleanditputourfutureatrisk.⑴serious:adj.严重的represent：/irepriient/v.代表；意味着rn./'prez(a)nt/礼物present:-v./pri'zent/呈现；赠送presentsituation前置定语当前的,现存的studentspresentarefromClass2.后置定语，出席的，在场⑶destruction：n.毁灭一destroyv.毁灭（不可修复）Wdamagev.损坏（可修复）putourfutureatrisk:宾语补足语asksb.todosth.宾补givesb.sth.间接宾语+直接宾语leavemealone宾补Wemadehimourmonitor.宾补Wemadehimacake.双宾line6:Putanotherway,whatisthevalueofthescience(Ihadlongdevotedmyselfto)—thethingIhadloved-whenIsawwhatterriblethingsitcoulddo?putanotherway=inotherwords换句话说Putanotherway,youareagoodboy.line10：Thefirstwayinwhichscienceisvaluableisfamiliartoeveryone:scientificknowledgeenablesustodoandmakeallkindsofthings.enable:v.en-使役动词词缀encouragestrengthenwidenlengthenenablesb.todosth.⑵of+n.=adj.ofvalue=valuableofimportance=importantThesciencetechnologyisofgreatimportancetohumanbeings.fThesciencetechnologyis_veryimportanttohumanbeings.line11:Ofcourse,ifwemakegoodthings,itisnotonlytothecreditofscience;(but)itisalsotothecreditofthemoralchoicewhichledustogoodwork.tothecreditof:归功于；因而夸赞notonly...butalso...用来连接两个对等的成分，notonly和butalso后面的词类要一致。另外,but或also可以省略,一般省略also,例如：①连接两个并列的主语(谓语动词的数遵循“就近原那么”，即与also后面的主语一致)e.g.:NotonlyJimbutalsohisparentsare_(be)fondofwatchingfootballmatches.Notonlyyoubutalsohe_is(be)tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.②连接两个并列的宾语：Heplaysnotonlythepianobutalsotheviolin.③连接两个并列的谓语：Shecannotonlysingbutalsodance.Inotonlyplaytennisbutalsopractiseshooting.®连接两个并列的表语：Shakespearewasnotonlyawriterbutalsoanactor.⑤连接两个并列的定语：Manhasbecomemasternotonlyoftheskybutalsoofthespace.征月艮⑥连接两个并列的地点状语：HespeaksEnglishnotonlyintheclassroombutalsointhedormitory.⑦连接两个并列的宾语补足语：Lightandbrightcolorsmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutalsoactive.⑧连接两个并列的句子：Inotonlyheardit,but(also)Isawit.Ofcourse,ifwemakegoodthings,itisnotonlytothecreditofscience;(but)itisalsotothecreditofthemoralchoicewhichledustogoodwork.(notonly位于句首时，第一个分句要用局部倒装)Theteacherhimselfisnotonlyinterestedinforeignfilms,butalsothestudentsarebeginningtoshowaninterestinthem.Ontonlyistheteacherhimselfinterestedinforeignfilms,butalsothestudentsarebeginningtoshowaninterestinthem.Henotonlyhasafirst-class(优秀的，一。流的)brainbutalsoheisatremendously(非常地，惊人地)hardworker.一Notonly_doeshehaveafirst-classbrainbutalsoheisatremendouslyhardworker.line13:Scientificknowledgeisanenablingpowertodoeithergoodorbad----butitdoesnotcarryinstructionsonhowtoapplyit.Suchpowerhasobviousvalue---eventhoughthepowermaybenegatedbywhatonedoeswithit.line18:Whenwelookatanyquestiondeeplyenough,wefeeltheexcitementandmysterycomingtousagainandagain.O.C.line19:Withmoreknowledgecomesadeeper,morewonderfulmystery,inspiringonetolookdeeperstill.inspirev.鼓舞stilladv.(可以用来加强比拟级)还要，更line20：Neverconcernedthattheanswermayletusdown,withpleasureandconfidenceweturnovereachnewstonetofindunimaginedstrangenessleadingontomorewonderfulquestionsandmysteries.letsb.down：turnovereachnewstone:line25:Iwouldnowliketoturntoathirdvaluethatsciencehas.a/an+序数词+n.=another+n.line27：Whenascientistdoesn'tknowtheanswertoaproblem,heisignorant.theanswertoaproblem/questionthekey_to_thelockthesolutiontotheproblemthesecretto...theentranceto...line28:Whenhehasanideaastowhattheresultis,heisuncertain.⑴what引导从句，语序asto:关于line30:Now,wescientiststakeitforgrantedthatitisperfectlypossibletoliveandnotknow.takeitforgrantedthat:line31：Butourfreedomtodoubtwasbornoutofadeepandstrongstruggleagainstauthorityintheearlydaysofscience.⑴freedomtodo:做某事的自由⑵bebornoutof:因而产生/成立strugglen./v.奋斗，挣扎authority:n.权威line34：Wemustrecognizeourignoranceandleaveroomfordoubt.leaveroomfor:给留空间line37:最后一段Itisourresponsibilityasscientists,knowingthegreatprogressthatisthefruitoffreedomofthought,todeclarethevalueofthisfreedom;toteachhowdoubtisnottobefearedbuttobewelcomedanddiscussed;andtodemandthisfreedomasourdutytoallcominggenerations.⑴thefruitof:的成果/成效/结果not...but...:不是而是coming:adj.即将到来的；下一个allcominggenerations:后代Itisourresponsibilitytodosth.:做某事是我们的职责/我们有责任做某事其中it作形式主语，todo不定式作真正的主语，因此，这里todeclare...toteach...todemand...三个并列的todo不定式(排比句)作真正的主语。而knowing...thought,作非限制性定语修饰前面的scientists,其中that引导定语从句，修饰前面的progress。这段话的字面翻译为：去声明自由的价值；教导人们自由是不应被惧怕而应被欢迎和讨论的；要求将这种自由作为我们对后代的责任，是我们作为能够了解思想自由带来的伟大进步的科学家的责任。按照中文习惯进行调整后：认识到思想自由带来的伟大进步，作为科学家，我们有职责去声明自由的价值，教导人们不要惧怕自由而应接受和讨论自由，并要求将这种自由作为我们对子孙后代的责任。(我将翻译调整后，失去了排比句的作用，同学们可以尝试将排比句翻译出来，然后发给我，我们展示一下。)line41:AdaptedfromapubliclecturebyRichardFeynman,anAmericanscientistwhowontheNobelPrizeinPhysicsin1965