中考英语语法训练-动词的词形变化

1．不规则动词表 AAA

动词的词形变化Bet bet bet let let letSet set set spread spread spreadShut shut shut beat beat beat(beaten)Hit hit hit knit knit knitCast cast cast cost cost costCut cut cut put put putHurt hurt hurt burst burst burst“be”动词be(am,are,is)was,werebeen助动词 助动词的词形变化只有过去式，没有过去分词。Shall should willwould May might can could（1）ABB型（a）过去式和过去分词词尾皆变为“-t”，同时词干元音皆由长音变为短音。Keep（保持） kept kept sleep（睡） slept sleptcreep（爬行） crept crept weep（哭泣） wept weptsweep（扫除） swept swept meet（遇见） met metfeel（感觉） felt felt kneel（下跪） knelt kneltdeal（处理） dealt dealt leave（离开） left leftshoot（射击） shot shot lose（失去） lost lostmean（意味） meant meantsmell（嗅出） smelt smelt smelled smelledspell（拼写） spelt spelt spelled spelled原形动词词尾为“-d”，过去式和过去分词词尾皆变为“-t”，词干元音则不变。lend（借出） lent lent send（送） sent sentspend（花费） spent spent bend（弯曲） bent bentbuild（建造） built built（c）过去式和过去分词皆变为[ ]音，即“-aught/ought”。catch（捉；捕） caught caughtteach（教） taught taughtbuy（买） bought boughtbring（带来） brought broughtfight（作战） fought foughtseek（寻找） sought soughtthink（想） thought thought（d）三形词尾皆为“-t”，只作词干的元音变化。sit（坐） sat satget got got(gotten)forget forgot forgot(forgotten)（e）三形词尾皆为“-d”，词干元音由原形的长元音变为短元音。Feed（喂） fed fedlead（领导） led led bleed（流血） bled bledbreed（生育） bredbred read（阅读） read read（f）过去式和过去分词词尾皆为“-d”。have（有） had had make（制作） made madeflee（逃走） fled fled hear（听） heard heardsell（卖） sold sold tell（讲；说） told toldhold（握持） held held stand（站立） stood stoodlay（置放） laid laid pay（支付） paid paidsay said said find（找） found foundbind（缚；捆） bound bound（g）由原形变为过去式和过去分词时词干的元音有了变化。dig（挖）dugdug spin（纺）spun spunstick（刺）stuckstuck sting（螫）stung stungswing（摇摆）swungswung strike（打）struck struckshine（照耀）shoneshone shine（擦亮）shined shinedhang(挂、吊)hunghung hang(绞死) hanged hangedABC型（a）词干元音变化Begin began begun sing sang sungRingrangrungdrinkdrankdrunkRingrungrungdrinkdrankdrunken(adj.)Sinksanksunksinksunksunken(adj.)Swimswamswumswimswumswum (Am.E)（b）词干元音变化为[ → ]。tear（撒裂）toretorn wear（穿；戴）worewornswear（发誓）sworesworn bear(生孩子)borebornbear（负载）boreborne（c）词干元音变化speak（说，讲）spokespoken steal（偷；窃）stolestolenweave（织）wovewoven freeze（冷冻）frozefrozenbreak（打破）brokebrokenchoose（选择）chosechosen show showed shown/showed(Am.E)wake(醒来) wokewoke/woken wake waked waked（d）词干元音变化三形都不相同。write（写）wrotewritten rise（上升）rose risenarise（发生）arosearisen ride（骑；乘）roderiddendrive（驾驶）drovedriven strive（努力）strovestrivenhide(隐藏)hid hid hide hid hiddenbite(咬) bit bit bite bit bittenknow（知道）knewknown blow（吹）blewblowngrow（生长）grewgrown throw（投；掷）threwthrownfly（飞）flewflown draw（拉；拖）drewdrawnsee（看；视）sawseen eat（吃）ate eatengivegavegiven fall（降；落）fell fallentake（拿；取）tooktaken shake（摇动）shookshakenwin（获胜）won won lie（卧；躺）lay lainlie（说谎）lied lied do（做）did donego（去）wentgone come（来）camecomebecome（成为）becamebecome run（跑）ran run2．发音练习armartaskauntbarbathbranchcalmcarcardcartcastchancechargechartclassclerkcraftdancedarkdraftfarfarmfastFranceglanceglassgrantgraphgraspgrassguardhalfhardharmheartlargelastlaughmarchmarkmaskpalmparkpartpasspastpathplantsharpsmartstaffstarstartstartvetaskbebeachbeastbeatbeebeefbreathebriefceasecheapcheatcheesechiefcleancreamdealdeeddeepdreameacheaseeasteatevefeefeedfeelfieldfreefreezegenegreekgreengreetheheatheeljeanskeenkeepkeykneeleadleafleagueleakleanleapleastleavememealmeanmeansmeatmeetneatneedniecepeacepiecepleasepleasedqueenreachreadsceneschemescreenscreamseasealseatseeseedseekseemseizeshesheepsheetsleepsleevespeakspeechstealsteamsteel streamstreetsweepsweetteateachteamthethesethiefthreetreattreeweweakweek3．[i:] [I][p][b][t][d]4．元音练习[i:] [I][pi:p] [pIp][pi:b] [pIb][bi:t] [bIt]5．辅音练习[p] [b] [t] [d][i:] [pi:] [bi:] [ti:] [di:][I] [pI] [bI] [tI] [dI]6．音节综合练习[p] [b] [t] [d][pId] [bIt] [tId] [dIp][pi:d] [bi:t] [ti:d] [di:p][i]iyeaueyayieai词首inillisifinkitincomeindoorinsideinterest词中billwomenvisitwishsievevillageshipmistbusy词尾cityhistorySundayprettytaxisleepyicymonkey[p]词首penpricepersonpolepostpageparkpleaseproud词中happenappealexamplecomputeropenoperationsurprisechapter词尾stopstephopetapetapropecheapslipsleephelpwipetip[b]词首bitbigbadblackbackbasisbagblockbestbusinessbox词中tableaboutrobberlobbycabinhabitrubbermobile词尾webjobcabgrablabcrabribglobesobtube[t]词首teatalktimetoothtomatotaketownteachertype词中itemPeterfatalbutterbitterkittybuttonbetter词尾atitbestcostnextpaintdebtbutfitbitboat[d]词首daddaydogdeepdoomdanc