模块-卡美课件-返情管理

RETURNER卡美农业咨 您的国际外1内ReasonsandconsequencesofFocus2内ReasonsandconsequencesofFocus3返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofTherearemanyreasonstowhyasowreturns,itcanbeduemanagement,diseases,feedingdisorder,stress,hotweatherToknowwhattodoaboutit,weneedtoknowthe4返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofGestationbeginswhentheeggsarefertilizedafter First,theembryosaredistributedinbothuterus Afterthatthefetusesmakecontacttouterus,thisiscalled Thenthefetusesannouncethepregnancy,sothesowdoesnotreturn.5返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof Thentheorgansdevelop,afterwhichtheembryoentersthefinalphaseofgrowth. Thefirstmonththeorgansaredeveloped,thenexttheyaredevelopedandmaturedwhilethelastalmosttwomonthsisusedforfetalgrowth.6返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofNormally85%ofthesowsthathavebeenservicedwillTheremaining15%can 4%inthenewestrus y21daysafterthelast8-10%arereturnedorculled While1-3%dieorarekilledbefore7返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofFetussurvivalFetussurvivalDays配种后天8返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof Conditionsthatinhibittheearlyembryostageoraffecthormonalandcellularsignalsfromfetusesanduteruswall,leadingtoagreaterextentoffetaldeath. Causeoffetaldeathcanbehereditary,husbandryandfeedingconditionsorinfection.9返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof母猪21天内可能原因之一是由于布鲁氏菌病，流产可见缝衣线状的薄膜上1cm长的，此时在胎膜Abortiononday21isseenforexamplewheninfectedbrucellosis,andthemiscarriageisseenassewingthread-likemembranesinwhichthefetuscanbeseenasasmall1cmlongthickeningonthefetalmembranes.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof Abortioninthemiddleofthegestationperiodcanbeseenanumberofinfections,suchaserysipelas,influenzaandby Inthesecases,thefetusesbenormallydevelopedby PPVcaninrarecasescauseabortion,andtheabortedwouldclearlyhavediedatdifferentstagesof返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof ThetypicalsymptomofPRRSisthebirthofweakpigletsadaysbeforeexpected,withmilkshortageinthesow,andthushighpigletmortality. LeptospirosisisjustlikeaPPVinfection/outbreak,itresultsinanabortionofunequaldevelopedfetuses,butweseetheabortionaftergestationday100.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof Thesowswithalongestrusarebredonlyafewtimesandearlyintheestrus.Thereasonisthatinmostfarmstheyhaveaservicestrategyoftwobreeding'spersow.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof Sowsthatcomeearlyinestrusafterweaninghaveaestrusofmorethan60hoursandareovulatingafterabout40hours. Iftheyareservicedatthestartofestrusand24hoursthereisariskthatthefinalbreedingiscarriedouttooearlyinrelationtoovulation.返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofWhenthesowshavemorethan30-daylactationperiod,isincreasedriskthatthesowscomeintoestrusbefore Ifthisestrusisnotdetected,thesowalthoughitisnotestrusatthistime.Thiswillleadtothesow返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofExtremelyshortorlonglactationperiodwithseveralofthesowsisanindicatorofperiodicoverloadorpoorcontrolofthepressureofthefarrowingunit.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof所有胎次分娩率低的原LowfarrowingrateinallTheproblemiscausedbyafactorthatispresentinalllitter Thiscanbecausedbythefeed,stressduringhousing,poisoning,acuteoutbreaksofdisease,sterileboars,hightemperature/improperhandlingofsemen.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof后备母猪分娩率最低的原因Lowestfarrowingratein引进的（也就是最年轻的）公猪群中有不育或 Thereisasterileorlowfertilityboaramongthoserecentlypurchased(andhenceyoungest) Thegiltscouldbeinfectedwithadiseasethatthesowshavealreadyachievedimmunityto(chronicinfectionintheherd).饲养员没有受过关于控制和后备母猪配种的培训。Theherdsmanisnottrainedtocontroltheheatandservice返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof第二窝分娩率最低的原因Lowestfarrowingrateinthesecond Thesowsareservicedwithoutheatcontrolonafixedday Sincesecondlittersowsarethelargestgroupofsowsthatarenotinestrusontime,theyarealsothebiggestpartofthesowsintheservicestrategythatareservicedtooearlyrelativetoovulation.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof第二窝母猪断奶时的激素治HormonetreatmentofsecondlittersowsatHeatinductionusuallyresultsinaslightlyreducedfarrowingParticularlyifthesowhasbeennursing Thelatterproblemcanbeexplainedbythefactthatevenabriefperiodofstoppedmilkyieldisenoughtoputanewestruscycleinmotionwhichisthereasonanumberofnursingsowsarecyclicat返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof老母猪分娩率最低的原Lowestfarrowingrateinolder HighmortalityamongolderCullingofoldersowsduetonotbeing返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof0-18天 sowcorpusluteumcannotbedissolvedwithin16daysafter这段时间之后， 溶解到下一 需要2-4天Afterthisittakes2-4daysfromthedissolutionofthecorpusluteumtothenextestrus.有4-6%的返情会发生在此期间，这种情况可以接受但并不理想Itiscommonthatthe4-6%ofallreturnersaredoneatthisinterval,andthisfrequencyshouldberegardedasacceptablebutnotdesirable.返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofDifferentkindsoferrorscancauseshortservice Thesowwasnotinestrusatfirst Secondbreedingiscarriedoutalreadyatthebeginningofthe返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof19-24天days ThisisthenaturalreturnerintervalofasowthatdidnotpregnantwhenItisexpectedthat30-60%ofallreturnerscanbefoundinthisintervaldependingontheheatcontrolintensity.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof Theexplanationofthesereturnerscanbeaproblemwithinseminationormating,includingdefectsinthespermortheboarissterile.Brucellosiscausespersistentreturnerswithnormal3-weekintervals.Miscarriagecanbeseen3-4daysearlier.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof25-30天Prolongedoestrus Itisusuallyseenthat7-10%ofthesowshaveextendedestrus Lessthanfourfertilizedeggintheuteruswillcausereturnerswithregularorextendedreturninterval.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof Mostcommonreasonforprolongedreturnintervalistherehasbeenmatingwithoutproperheatcontrol,sothatthesowhasnotbeeninheatatthefirstservice,butonlyafewdayslater.返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofIrregularNormallyitisseenthatupto8%ofthereturnersareinthis Thereasonsmaybethesameasmentionedunderestrus返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofIfthesowsarefedlessinthefirstmonthafterThiscanleadtotheemptysowsdonotcomeintoheat,butinsteadeacyclic. Whenthefeedstrengthincreases,thesowscomeintoheat 返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof39-44RegularItisacceptablebutnotdesiredthat5percentofthereturnersarethis Elevatedfrequenciesareoftencausedbyalackof3-weekheat Thisoftenmeansthatthemanager/herdsmanisnotcarefulenoughwithheatcontrolandobservationoftheanimals.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof45-79天Late15percentofthereturnerscanbefoundinthisAfterday45,theembryosarenolonger Day45embryois y9cmlong,iftheythiswillmostlybe返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofMostofthesowsthatareemptyafterthisdatehaveprobablyneverbeenpregnant. Itisoftensowsthatarefoundbypregnancytest,andasaresultthattransferbacktotheserviceunitcomeintoheat Thesowsmayhavebeeneitheracyclicortheyhavesimplynotbeenobservedinheatduetopoorcontrol.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof80天Verylate Thereshouldbenomorethan10%ofsowsthatarereturnerssoSowsthatareemptyduringthisperiodhaveagreatriskofbeingalthoughitdoesnotchangethenon-productivedayswhichtheyhavealreadycaused. Itisrarelyabortionsthathavecausedit,butitcan返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofPeriodicvariationsmaybeduetorandomvariationswhichcanbeexplainedinafewsowsperperiod.Periodsofpoorperformancecanberelatedtoreplacement,periodsofhighworkload,changeoffeeds,changesinmanagement,outbreaksofdisease,weatherconditions,humidity,badmanagement,返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof天内ReasonsandconsequencesofReducingreturnerFocusNon-Productive降低返情率的ReducingreturnerTherearesomemethodsthatcanbeusedtoreducethenumberofCommonforthemallismanagementthatisEnergybalanceoftheMovementoftheanimalsfromserviceunittogestation 降低返情率的ReducingreturnerEnergybalanceoftheIfthesowshavebeenlosingweightduringlactation,thereisincreasedriskofsowswillhaveanegativeenergybalanceintheirFromnatureanimals,theywill epregnantbeforeanimalsbodyconditionisgoodenoughtocarrypregnancy,thisisthesameforsowskeptforfarming.降低返情率的Reducingreturner在哺乳期合理饲喂，保持母猪不减重虽然非常，但还是有Feedingthesowssotheydonotlosebodyweightduringlactationcanbedifficult,butitispossible.Youneedtoknowhowmuchenergyandproteinthereisintheasifthesowcannoteatmanykgoffeed,itwillbenecessarytoincreasethedigestibleenergyandproteinlevels,thisshouldbediscusswiththenutritionist.Thenthesowwillneedtoeatlessfeedbutgetenoughenergyprotein,especiallyamino降低返情率的ReducingreturnerAddingtoomuchdigestibleproteinduringlactationcancauseproblemsforthesows,especiallyifthemixofAminoacidsisnotcorrect,thesowsthenneedstouseenergytoexcretetheexcessaminoacids.降低返情率的Reducingreturner Estruslengthisimportanttoknow,becauseyoucanmakemistakesifyoudonotknowthelengthoftheestrus.时候需要配种，这样饲养员就应该看这是不是问题所在，因此他应该制定控制计划表，以便检查期的Thequestionisiftheherdsmanisgoodenoughtoknowthesowsneedservice,sotheherdsmanshouldinvestigateifthiswastheproblem,thereforetheherdsmancanintroduceaheatcontroltabletodetectthestartandendofestrusonthe降低返情率的ReducingreturnerIfyoudonotknowhowlongthefarmsaverageestruslengthis,youcanintroduceheatcontroltableintheherd. 母猪\星期星期星期星期星期Post后Post后pre前Pre前Post后Post后降低返情率的ReducingreturnerMovingthesowsafterservicemustbedoneinaquietandnonstressway,butalsoatthecorrecttime.EmbryoDevelopment胚胎发Overviewofembryonicdevelopment胚胎发育过1Theeggisfertilized卵细2Eggcelldividesfirsttime卵初次分3Eggcellsdividesthesecondtime.Eggnowconsistsof4卵再次分化，变为4个细胞6-Eggleavetheprotectivefilm脱离保护10-Fetalblistersgrowtoadiameterof1cm.Theeggsaredistributedintheuterus胚泡长到直径一厘米大，卵分布在角降低返情率的ReducingreturnerEmbryoDevelopment胚胎发Day胚胎发育过程10-Embryoblistersextendedto1meterlongthreads,locatedeachinitsownareaoftheuterus.Ifthereareatthistimelessthantwoembryosineachofthetwouterushorns,thesowwillbeinestrusonday2113-和胎膜形成接触（着床Increasedbloodflowinthecontact连接区血流量增Theplacentadevelops.胎盘开始发Fetalorgansaredeveloped.发降低返情率的Reducingreturner配种后两2daysafter18天18dayold胎膜中2525dayoldfetusinfetal降低返情率的ReducingreturnerThereforethesowsBemovedstraightafterservice(0-3Orwaituntil4weeksafterAlwaysmovetheminaquiet内ReasonsandconsequencesofReducingreturnerFocusNon-Productive须关注的母FocusDistributionofreturnersintervalsfor2,738returner间1.一总465967789须关注的母FocusSowstowhichthereshouldbeahigherfocus2.litterSowsthathavebeennursingSowsthathavehadalongnursingperiod