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AgathaMaryClarissaChristie------TheQueenofCrimeoutlineLife&CareerRelationship&MarriagedisappearanceFictionalwritingsMrHerculePoirotMissJaneMarpleFormula&plotdevicesInterestsandinfluences:ArchaeologyDameAgathaChristie
DBEBornAgathaMaryClarissaMiller
15September1890
Torquay,
Devon,EnglandDied12January1976
(aged
85)
Wallingford,
Oxfordshire,EnglandPennameMaryWestmacottOccupationNovelist,
shortstorywriter,playwright,
poetGenresMurdermystery,
thriller,crimefiction,
detective,romanceLiterarymovementGoldenAgeofDetectiveFictionNotablework(s)Creationofcharacters
HerculePoirot
and
Miss(Jane)MarpleSpouse(s)ArchibaldChristie
(m.1914;div.1928)
MaxMallowan
(m.1930–76;herdeath)ChildrenRosalindHicks
(1919–2004)Life
&
CareerDameAgathaMaryClarissaChristie,DBE.ShewrotesixromancesunderthenameMaryWestmacott,butsheisbestknownforthe66detectivenovelsand14shortstorycollectionsshewroteunderherownname,mostofwhichrevolvearoundtheinvestigationsofsuchcharactersasHerculePoirot,MissJaneMarpleandTommy.CareerBornintoawealthyupper-middle-classfamilyinTorquay,ChristieservedinahospitalduringtheFirstWorldWar,beforemarryingandstartingafamilyinLondon.Shewasinitiallyunsuccessfulatgettingherworkpublished;butin1920ThepresspublishedhernovelTheMysteriousAffairatStyles,featuringthecharacterofPoirot.Thislaunchedherliterarycareer.Disappearance??
Inlate1926,ArchieaskedAgathaforadivorce.HewasinlovewithNancyNeele,whohadbeenafriendofMajorBelcher,directoroftheBritishEmpireMission.On3December1926,theChristiesquarreled,andArchielefttheirhouse.At
thatsameevening,Christiedisappearedfromherhome,leavingbehindaletterforhersecretarysayingthatshewasgoingtoYorkshire.SecondmarriageIn1930ChristiemarriedarchaeologistMaxMallowan.Theirmarriagewasalwayshappy.Christiehadalifelonginterestinarchaeology.OnatriptotheexcavationsiteatUrin1930,shemetherfuturehusband,SirMaxMallowan,adistinguishedarchaeologist.PriortomeetingMallowan,Christiehadnothadanyextensivebrusheswitharchaeology,esthirdintherankingsoftheworld'smost-widelypublishedbooks,behindShakespeare'sworksandtheBible.AccordingtoIndexTranslationum,Christieisthemost-translatedindividualauthor–havingbeentranslatedintoatleast103languages.In1971,shewasmadeaDamebyQueenElizabethIIatBuckinghamPalace.In2013,TheMurderofRogerAckroydwasvotedthebestcrimenoveleverby600fellowwritersoftheCrimeWriters'Association.Fictionalwritings
HerculePoirotAgathaChristie'sfirstbookTheMysteriousAffairatStyleswaspublishedin1920andintroducedthedetectiveHerculePoirot,whobecamealong-runningcharacterinmanyofChristie'sworks,appearingin33novelsand54shortstories.HerculePoirot
HerculePoirot,portrayedasaformerBelgianpoliceofficernotedforhistwirlslarge"magnificentmoustaches"andegg-shapedhead,whotookrefugeinBritainafterGermanyhadinvadedBelgium.Christie'sinspirationforthisstemmedfromrealBelgianrefugeeswhoexistedinTorquay.MissJaneMarple,whoalsobecamewellknown,wasintroducedintheshortstoriesTheThirteenProblemsin1927andwasbasedonChristie'sgrandmotherandher"Ealingcronies".BothJaneandGran"alwaysexpectedtheworstofeveryoneandeverything,andwere,withalmostfrighteningaccuracy,usuallyprovedright.“MissMarpleappearedin12ofChristie'snovels.Formula
&
plotdevices
Aclassicmysterystructure:amurderiscommitted,therearemultiplesuspectswhoareallconcealingsecrets,andthedetectivegraduallyuncoversthesesecretsoverthecourseofthestory,discoveringthemostshockingtwiststowardstheend.Attheend,inaChristiehallmark,thedetectiveusuallygathersthesurvivingsuspectsintooneroom,explainsthecourseofhisorherdeductivereasoning（演绎推理),andrevealstheguiltyparty.masterwork1、以赫尔克里·波洛为主角共38部1920《斯泰尔斯庄园奇案》TheMysteriousAffairatStyles
1928《蓝色列车之谜》/《蓝色特快上的秘密》TheMysteryoftheBlueTrain1934《东方快车谋杀案》MurderontheOrientExpress/MurderintheCalaisCoa1937《尼罗河上的惨案》/DeathontheNile
1941《阳光下的罪恶》/《艳阳下的谋杀案》EvilUndertheSun2．以简·马普尔小姐为主角1976《沉睡的谋杀案》/《神秘的别墅》/《死亡不长眠》SleepingMurderInterestsandinfluences:
ArchaeologyWhileaccompanyingMallowanoncountlessarchaeologicaltrips，Christienotonlywrotenovelsandshortstories,butalsocontributedworktothearchaeologicalsites,。DuringtheirtimeintheMiddleEast,therewasalsoalargeamountoftimespenttravellingtoandfromMallowan'ssites.Interestsandinfluences:
ArchaeologyTheirextensivetravellinghadastronginfluenceonherwriting,whichisoftenreflectedassometypeoftransportationplayingapartinhermurderer'sschemes.ThelargeamountoftravelwasreusedinnovelssuchasTheMurderontheOrientExpress,aswellassuggestingthei
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