高三一轮复习 语法填空之并列句与状语从句的解题策略讲义

语法填空之并列句与状语从句的解题策略结构特征：词和词之间没连词， 句和句之间没连词（注意标点）解题策略若两个句子(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一般是填并列连词或从属连词。Part1并列句与状语从句共同点：并列句与状语从句不缺成分，只需根据句意选择适当的连接词即可。1、并列句：若两个或两个以上的单词或短语之间没有连词，必定是填连接词。主要的连词有表示并列关系的and和表示选择关系的or等。结构：简单句+（，）并列连词(and/but/or/so)+简单句(注意副词however,therefore)判断依据：句子结构+句意【技法归纳】and：（1）前后均为平行成分：两个主谓完整的句子、同词性单词或词组、非谓语或者同类从句；（2）顺承或递进关系：Come

early

and

you

will

see

him.

早点来你就能见到他。but：前后是转折关系or：四大含义：（1）疑问句或肯定句，翻译为或者；（2）否定句翻译为：也没有（=and

not）；（3）祈使句，翻译为，否则。例如：Hurry

up，or

we

will

be

late.

快点，否则我们会迟到。（4）词组：or

even

甚至;whether...or...无论...还是...初级固定搭配：①并列关系：

both...and...两者都，

notonly...but(also)．..不但……而且……，neither...nor...既不……也不……②选择关系：

either...or...或者……或者……，not...but...不是……而是……，whether...or...无论...还是③倒装句：Idon’tknowtheanswer,neither/nordosehe.（他也是）Iknowtheanswer,sodosehe.（他也是）中级固定句型：祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句Dosth,andsbwill... 做某事，某人会Dosth,or/otherwisesbwill做某事，否则某人会[练习]1.Werantoescape,______fortunatelynoonewasinjured.2.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso­called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,________Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.3.Reality

is

not

the

way

you

wish

things

to

be,

nor

the

way

they

appear

to

be,

_______the

way

they

actually

are.4.AllIsawwasthisbeautifulgirl,whosesmilejustmeltedme

almostinstantlygavemeacompletelynewsenseofwhatlifeisallabout.5.Buttheriverwasn'tchangedinafewdays____evenafewmonths.6.Becarefulwithyourmachine,_______youwillbehurt.7.I

don’t

know

where

the

employee

is

from,

__________does

my

wife.

8.Either

you

come

to

my

house,

__________I

go

to

yours.

It’s

up

to

you.

9.Athome,childrencandowhattheywant.____atschooltheycan'tdoallthethingstheylike.10.Youlikesports,_______Iwouldratherread.2、状语从句：结构：状语从句：从属连词+从句，主句。主句+引导词+从句。判断依据：句子结构+句意5.从属连词（从属状语从句）从句类型常用连接词特殊连接词时间状语从句when，while，as，before，after，since，till，until，assoonas一些时间名词：themoment，theinstant，theminute，theday，nexttime，everytime，thefirsttime，thelasttime一些副词：instantly，immediately，directly固定搭配的连词：nosooner…than，hardly/scarcely…when地点状语从句wherewherever，anywhere原因状语从句because，since，as，forseeingthat，consideringthat，giventhat，inthat，nowthat，forthereasonthat目的状语从句so(that)，inorderthatlest，forfearthat，incase结果状语从句so/such…that，sothattothe/suchadegreethat，tothe/suchanextentthat条件状语从句if，unless，aslongassuppose，supposing，providing，provided，onconditionthat让步状语从句although，though，eventhough，evenifwhile(一般用于句首)，as(用于倒装结构)，wh－ever＝nomatterwh－，whether…or…比较状语从句as，thanthemore…，themore…方式状语从句as，asif/thoughthe(same)way，AistoBwhatCistoD【技法归纳】①not...until...直到...才...②when作并列连词的常用句型：bedoing...when...，正在做...突然beabouttodo...when...正要做...突然haddone...when...刚做完...突然③Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since...表示“自从……以来已经……”④if+从句，...will/can...如果....,...就会...⑤so/such...that...如此...以致...⑥whether...or....⑦more/~er...than[练习]1.Thepriestwasabouttoanouncethebeginningofthewedding________amanrushedintothechurch.2.Unbelievable!_______youdon’tmind,I’llstopandtakeadeepbreath.3._________hethoughthecloudescapeattentionbysittingattheback,hewaswrong.4.therearemanypositivedevelopmentsassociatedwiththeInternet,therearealsocertainfearsandconcerns.5.Talkingaboutfirescanbescary_________noonelikestothinkaboutpeoplegettinghurtortheirthingsgettingburned.6.TheteacherspokeslowlyandinsimpleEnglishinorder_________thestudentsmightunderstandher.7.Huntingelephantswassoprofitable_________from1979to1989thenumberofelephantsinAfricafellfrom1.3millionto600,000.8.Researchershavefound,intheirexperiment,thatababy'scriescancauseuniqueemotionalresponsesinthebrain,makingitimpossibleforustoignorethem_________weareparentsornot.9.Infact,thediscontentisnotuselesssinceyoumaylearnmorefromitfromthethingsthatcheeryouup.10._________theweddingceremonybegan,thecoupl