2015同等学力英语保过专项课语法

2015同等学力英语保过专项课讲义第一部分句五个基本句型主语＋谓语（不及物动词Youmustleave主语＋谓 （及物动词）＋宾Shelikes主语＋系动 ＋She aShegavemeabook．Sheboughtabookforme.主语＋谓语 宾语 宾语补ShemakeshermotherTheteacheraskedmetoreadthe动词时态Have+beenAm/is/areHave/hasHas/HavebeenWas/WereHadHadbeenWill+WillbeWillhave havebeenWouldWouldbeWouldhavebeen动词语一进完Have/hasbeenHave/hasbeenbeing过去Was/were+beingHadbeen beenbeing将来Will/shallbeWill/shallbebeingWill/shallhavebeenHavebeenbeing来bedoneShould/wouldBebeingShould/wouldHavebeenbeenbeingdoneThe usahistorylessonwhenTomwalkedintotheA. B.is C.was D.wasThemanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnthatfour-fifthsofthe was B.hadbeenC.were D.havebeenSomeofthehosinmy A.havenowbeenrebuilding B.arenowrebuildingC.arenowbeingrebuilt D.arerebuiltnow例句：Notknowingwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforMostofthepeopleinvitedtotheparty famoustiredafterahardwork,shefellintobedandwentstraighttoA. B. C.Being D.ToYoucannotacceptan toyouunlessitisbasedonA. B.to C.having D.第三部分句子的分类与结二）并列句Ihaveaclasstonight,soIcan’tgotothemoviewith2.Hurryup,otherwisewewillmissthe三）复合句第一 复合句——名词性从引导名词从句常用的连词。有三类：1)that;2whetherif3)when,wherehow等连接副词或what,who,whose等连接代词。第一 名词性从句-主语从例Thenewsisnowcertain.Thematchwillbecancelled. Thatthematchwillbecancelledisnow（1）由连词that引导的主语从句不能省略，且由它们引导的主语从句，多用it做形式主语。youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.Itis Thattheearthturnsaroundthesun isknowntoall.常见主语从句句型（作文常用句型）：Itissaid/reportedItisbelievedthat...人们相信…Itisclearthat….显然….Itisapity/shame/surprise 遗憾的是 令人惊奇的是ItisapitythatwelosttheItisacommonknoeledge Ithappenedthat... Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起…(2)由whether引导的主语从句例句：Whetherthemeetingwillbeputoff hasnotbeendecidedyet.we’llgocamtomorrowdependsontheweather.A B C D例1 isneededforsuccess isyourhardwork. 第二 名词性从句——宾语/表语/同位语从句Canyoulmewhywehaveputoffourmeetingtillnextweek? 宾语Iwassurprisedatwhatshesaid. 宾语名词性从句——表语从句Thequestioniswhetherwecanfinishourworkbytomorrow代词、ING分词、不定式和从句都可作同位语。用来作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。order，suggestion，problem，thought等后面。例1The wearehavingaholidaytomorrowisnot 名词性从句的嵌套结IrealizedthatwhatIsaidwasnotexactlywhatImeanttoWhatresearcherssuchasRansomMyersandBorisWormhaveshownisjusthowfastthingsarechanging.Thequestionishowwhatyouhavelearnedcanbeputinto第二章复合句——定语从一、定语从句的概念什么是定语从句？例:A isnottheonewhohasthemost,butistheonewhoneedsthe例：HelaughsbestwholaughsManyoflife'sproblemswhichweresolvedbyaskingfamilymembers,friendsorcolleaguesarethecapabilityoftheextendedfamilytoresolve.IamastudentwhichyouallThe theybuiltin1987stayedupintheThecar colorisgreenwasstolenyesterday.3.1958wastheyear Spielbergmadehisfirstrealfilm.4.Thisisthe IdependalotwheneverIhaveproblemswithnewA.with B.in C.on D.for以下情况只用that不用which词IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?（whichanything）Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.AllthatcanbedonehasbeenSheisthe 修饰（3）先行词被形容词或序数词修饰时，如HeisthetallestmanthatIhaveever(4)先行词theonly,thevery,thelastThatwhitefloweristheonly (that)IreallyWearetalkingabout sandthethingsthatwe第三 状语从状语从句的本质。就是用一个句子来作另外一个句子的状2005Strangely,somepeoplefindthattheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnotanother,othersaresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers.A. B. C. D.难点：常考的句型：Hardly…when;whenitcomesthat;whenitcomesto;1991tospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedA.Hardlyhadhe B.NosoonerhardlyhadheC.Notuntilhebegin DScarcelyhadhebegin.1998年例句：ngyourisasurewaytoimproveyourtestscores,andthisis itcomestoclassroomA. B. C. D.地点状语从句Adrivershouldslowerdownwherethereare原因状语从句Since从……起；因为比较特殊的连词：in 意思例句：ThegirlislikehermotherinthatshealsohasverydelicateNowthat…因目的状语从句shouldHeisworkinghardforfearthathe(should)failinthe;)I)Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.例1：I’dliketoarrive20minutesA.assoon B.asa C.in D..so例2：Wewerein whenweleftthatweforgottheairlineA.arushsoanxious B.asuchanxiousrushC.soananxiousrush D..suchananxiousrush条件状语从句unlessif引导难点：onlyif;ifonlyonlyif是“如果”“只有”的意思ifonly是“要是…就好了”“但愿”意思。2000年Hecancontinuetosupporthimselfandhis heproducesaA.only B.much C.long D.ever要记住：supposingthatprovided(thatoncondition让步状语从句althoughthoughevenifeven例【1】Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact,adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.(2004)A. B. C. D.第三部分真题助解第一 阅读典型句型辨1.AllthatoneneedstopossessthesedaysisadrivetolearnaforeignlanguageandthereareallkindsofinstitutesandcoursesthatteachvariousforeignlanguageslikeFrench,German,Spanish,andJapanese.2.IwantsomuchtogivemychildrenthefreedomthatIenjoyedhavingwhenIwasgrowingupbutIhesitatetodosobecausetherearedangersaroundeverycorner.InCanadaanofficialrulealsosaysthatallcommercialestablishmentsmusthavetheirwebsitescreatedbothinEnglishandFrench,theofficiallanguagesofthecountry.Peopleinthesecountriesimmediayrespectyouandthinkyoucareabouttheircultureasmuchastheydobecauseinanyculturelanguageisthekeyidentity.Itrecognizestheworkofthedoctorsandscientistswhonowkeepalivepeoplewho,notverylongago,wouldhavediedofavarietyoftheincurablediseases.Throughawidevarietyoftechnologicalinnovationsthatincludefarmingmethodsandthecontrolofdeadlydiseases,wehavefoundwaystoreducetherateatwhichwedie.Instead,weareconsumingits“capital”—itsnonrenewablefossilfuelsandothermineraldepositsthattookmillionsofyearstoformbutwhicharenowbeingdestroyedindecades.Itisaverycommonbeliefthattheproblemsofthepopulationexplosionarecausedmainlybypoorpeoplelivinginpoorcountrieswhodonotknowenoughtolimittheirreproduction.Butwhenaskedwhethertheyagreedwiththestatement, "Breathingairinaroomtodaywherepeoplesmokedyesterdaycanharmyourhealth,"only65%ofnonsmokersand43%ofsmokersanswered"yes.DanielKahneman,aNobel—PrizewinnerandPrincetoneconomist,andcolleagues,recentlydeclaredthatthenotionthatmakingalotofmoneywillproducegoodoverallmoodis"mostlyillusory".AnotherwayofputtingitistosaythatorganizationswithouttrustwouldresembletheambiguousnightmareofKafka’sTheCastle,wherenothingcanbecertainandnobodycanbereliedonorbeheldresponsible.Thestandardizededucationalorpsychologicaltestthatarewidelyusedtoaidinselecting,classifying,assigning,orpromotingstudents,employees,andmilitary nelhavebeenthetargetofrecentattacksinbooks,magazines,thedailypress,andevenincongress.Avisittothenewbornnurseryofanylargehospitalwilldemonstratethat,fromthemomentoftheirbirths,afewfortunateinfantsrespondcalmlytosuddenfear—producingsituationssuchasaloudlyslammeddoor.Avisittothenewbornnurseryofanylargehospitalwilldemonstratethat,fromthemomentoftheirbirths,afewfortunateinfantsrespondcalmlytosuddenfear—producingsituationssuchasaloudlyslammeddoor.AyoungmannamedBill,forexample,grewupwithafatherwhoregardedeachadversityasatemporaryobstacletobe ewithimaginationandcourage.第二章完型语【1】11 whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight,agoodnumberstillspendthebulkofeachdaywanderingthestreet.【2】Becausetheyareadjustingtotheirnewbodiesandawholehostofnewinlectualandemotionalchallenges,teenagersareespeciallyself-consciousandneedthe thatcomesfromachievingsuccessandknowingthattheir plishmentsareadmiredbyothers.A. B. C. D.【3】Thewordsusedbythespeakermaystirupunfavorablereactionsinthe interferewithhiscomprehension. B. C. D.【4】Heclaimstobeanexpertinastronomy,butinactualfactheisquiteignorantonthe heknowsaboutitisoutofdateandinaccurate.A.What B.So C.How D.So【5】"Vitaminsaresimilarbecausetheyaremadeofthesameelements--usuallycarbon,hydrogen,oxygen,andsometimesnit