泛美开发银行：2021年机构诚信和制裁系统年度报告

2O21AnnualReportOFFICEOFINSTITUTIONALINTEGRITYANDSANCTIONSSYSTEM2O21AnnualReportOFFICEOFINSTITUTIONALINTEGRITYANDSANCTIONSSYSTEMTABLEOFCONTENTSPrefacebyMauricioClaver-Carone,IDBPresident51.Introduction9A.TwoDecadesofaPowerfulCommitmentto10Anti-CorruptionB.OurPerformancein2021ataGlance172.PreventionResults23A.AdvicetoSovereignGuaranteedOperations24B.IntegrityDueDiligenceSupport36C.Anti-MoneyLaundering/CombatingtheFinancing44ofTerrorismFrameworkD.TrainingsandOutreachActivities44E.KeyTakeawaysandChallenges473.ResultsofInvestigations49A.OutputsofInvestigations50B.KeyTakeawaysandChallenges594.SanctionsOfficer,SanctionsCommittee,61anditsExecutiveSecretariatA.SanctionsOfficerOutputs64B.GeneralOverviewoftheSanctionsCommittee72(SNC)ActivitiesC.KeyTakeawaysandChallenges77AppendixI:ProhibitedPractices80AppendixII:EntitiesandIndividualsSanctionedin202181AppendixIII:CooperationAgreements82AppendixIV:Glossary84ACRONYMSADBAfDBAML/CFTAUGEBRDEAEIBMPIDBIDDIFIICKICLACMDBNRAOIIORPSLASNCSOSOCWBGAsianDevelopmentBankAfricanDevelopmentBankAnti-MoneyLaundering/CombatingtheFinancingofTerrorismOfficeoftheExecutiveAuditorEuropeanBankforReconstructionandDevelopmentExecutingAgencyEuropeanInvestmentBankFinancialManagementandProcurementServicesInter-AmericanDevelopmentBankIntegrityDueDiligenceInternationalFinancialInstitutionInter-AmericanInvestmentCorporation(“IDBInvest”)InformationTechnologyKnowledge,Innovation,andCommunicationsSector(KIC)LatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanMultilateralDevelopmentBankNegotiatedResolutionAgreementNon-SovereignGuaranteedOfficeofInstitutionalIntegrityOfficeofOutreachandPartnershipsProjectCompletionReportOfficeofRiskManagementSovereignGuaranteedServiceLevelAgreementSanctionsCommitteeSanctionsOfficerStatement(s)ofChargesandEvidenceWorldBankGroupPrefacebyMauricioClaver-Carone,IDBPresidentOFFICEOFINSTITUTIONALINTEGRITYANDSANCTIONSSYSTEM/ANNUALREPORT2O216Anti-CorruptionEffortsandIntegrityKeytotheRoadtoRecoveryTheCOVID-19pandemichashadsignificanteconomicandsocialrepercussionsinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbean,andithasamplifiedpreexistingdevelopmentgapsintheregion.Toassistmembercountriesandclientsinovercomingtheseunprecedentedchallenges,theIDBGrouphasbeendevelopingrapidandinnovativesolutions,whiletakingastrongstanceagainstcorruptionandotherintegrityviolations.Prohibitedpractices,suchasfraudandcorruption,negativelyimpactthemostvulnerable,hampereconomicsystems,weakendemocracies,exacerbateinequality,andreduceaccesstoessentialservices.TheneedforrobuststrategiesandactionstopromoteintegrityandtransparencyisnowmorecrucialthaneverandisapriorityintheIDBGroup’sVision2025—theblueprintforacceleratingourregion’srecoveryandforfosteringmoresustainableandinclusiveeconomicgrowth.In2021,theIDBcommemorated20yearssincetheadoptionofitsAnti-CorruptionFramework.TheIDBGroupiscommittedtoadvancingitsactionsbyfocusingonreformsaimedatimprovingthequalityofinstitutionsandregulations,implementingaccountabilitymechanisms,andreinforcingtheroleofagenciesresponsibleforpromotingpublicandprivatesectorintegrity.Additionally,theIDBGroupwillcontinuetostepupthefightagainstcorruptionthroughitsleadershipandalignmentwithinternationaltransparencyandintegrity-relatedstandards,promotinggoodgovernanceandpublicmanagementopennessinlinewithourregion'sneeds.Throughoutthepandemic,theOfficeofInstitutionalIntegrity(OII)hasbeenensuring7thattheIDBGroup’songoingCOVID-19recoveryeffortsencompassaproactiveriskmanagementstrategythatbalancestheneedtotakeactionwiththepriorityofsafeguardingtransparency.OIIhasfocusedongivingadvicetotheIDBGroup’soperationalstaffonpreventingandmitigatingtheheightenedintegrityrisksassociatedwiththeCOVID-19pandemicandisnowturningitsattentiontohelpingensurethatthepublicandprivatesectorsintheregioncanbuildbackwithintegrityasacoreelementoftheirrecovery.Becauseintegrityrequirescollectiveaction,OIIcontinuestoworkwithdifferentstakeholderstobuildtheircapacitytomanageintegrityrisksandreputationalimpact.Byinvestigatingandsanctioningthosewhohaveengagedinprohibitedpractices,OIIandtheSanctionsSystemreinforceourzero-tolerancemessage.Theyareessentialenforcementtoolstoaddressintegrityshortfalls,contributingtoraisingthelevelofpublicandprivatetransparencyandcomplianceinlocalandregionalmarketsacrossLatinAmericaandtheCaribbean.OIIandtheSanctionsSystemalsocontinuetointensifycooperationandharmonizationeffortswiththeirMultilateralDevelopmentBank(MDB)counterpartstoensurethatthetoolsandapproachestomanagingtheserisksareconsistentamongMDBs,maximizingtheexchangeofinformationandtakingstockofbestpractices.IncreasedcooperationbetweenOIIandnationalauthoritiesalsohasbeenkeytoexpandingthereachofourintegrityefforts.Inacontextinwhichresourcesarescarceandintegrityrisksarecomplex,theIDBGroupiscommittedtoconstantlyinnovatingandbringingthehighestintegrityandtransparencystandardstosupportourpublicandprivatesectorclientsontheirroadtorecovery.MauricioClaver-CaronePresidentoftheInter-AmericanDevelopmentBank1.INTRODUCTIONOFFICEOFINSTITUTIONALINTEGRITYANDSANCTIONSSYSTEM/ANNUALREPORT2O21A.TwoDecadesofaPowerfulCommitmenttoAnti-Corruption1.1In2021,OIIandtheSanctionsSystemcommemorated20yearssincetheapprovalbytheBoardofDirectorsoftheIDB’santi-corruptionframework:“StrengtheningaSystemicFrameworkAgainstCorruptionfortheInter-AmericanDevelopmentBank”(the“SystemicFramework”).TheSystemicFrameworkemphasizestheneedtoconsiderintegrityinthedesignandexecutionofoperationsandrecognizestheimportanceofhavingamechanismtoaddressallegationsoffraudandcorruptioninIDB-financedactivities.1.2SincetheadoptionoftheSystemicFramework,theIDBGrouphasdevelopedanextensivesetofpolicies,bestpractices,andspecializedmechanismstoaddresspotentialweaknessesandstriveforIDBGroup-financedprogramsthatarefreefromprohibitedpractices.ThesebestpracticeshavepositionedtheIDBGroupasoneoftheleaders,alongwithotherMultilateralDevelopmentBanks(MDBs),intransparencyandintegritystandards.1.3Anindependentsystemtoaddressallegationsoffraudandcorruption.TheSystemicFrameworkalsorecognizedtheneedforamechanismtoaddressallegationsoffraudandcorruptioninIDBGroup-financedactivities.In2003,OIIwascreatedtoreceiveandinvestigatesuchallegations.1Subsequently,in2011,theIDBGroupcreatedthecurrentSanctionsSystem,comprisedoftheSanctionsOfficer2andtheSanctionsCommittee,toadjudicatecasesresultingfromOII’sinvestigations.1.Inter-AmericanDevelopmentBank,CreationoftheOfficeofInstitutionalIntegrity(GA-214),(November7,2003).2.ThepositionwasoriginallyknownastheCaseOfficer.TIRGETNITNEMEGPREVENTIONENFOENT(Investigation/Sanctions)RCEMA360-DegreeIntegrityApproachTIRGETNITNEMEGPREVENTIONENFOENT(Investigation/Sanctions)RCEMYRISKMANAPUBLICSEPUBLICSECTOR(SG)SECTOR(NSG)CORPORATEOFFICEOFINSTITUTIONALINTEGRITYANDSANCTIONSSYSTEM/ANNUALREPORT2O211.4ThemostrecentdevelopmentsundertheSystemicFrameworkincludethosesummarizedbelow.1.5A360-DegreeIntegrityApproach.TheOfficeofInstitutionalIntegrity(OII)andtheSanctionsSystemhaveadoptedacoordinated360-degreeapproachtoprotectandaddvaluetoIDBGroup-financedactivities.ThisapproachsafeguardsSovereignGuaranteed(SG)andNon-SovereignGuaranteed(NSG)operations,aswellascorporateprojectsandservices,throughoutthecompletetransactioncycleby(i)developingandstrengtheningactionsthatpreventandmitigateintegrityrisksand(ii)takingappropriateenforcementactionswhenprohibitedpracticesoccur.1.6AProactiveApproachtoAddressIntegrityRisksinIDBGroup-FinancedOperations.TheSystemicFrameworkemphasizestheimportanceofpreventioninthefightagainstcorruption.““ALLEGATIONSOFCORRUPTIONSHOULDNOTPARALYZETHEBANK’SASSISTANCE,FORTHENTHEBANKWOULDBECONTRIBUTINGTOWORSENINGTHECONDITIONSFORECONOMICANDSOCIALDEVELOPMENT.INSTEAD,ANYPOTENTIALCONCERNSWILLRESULTINARIGOROUSRISKANALYSISANDTHEESTABLISHMENTOFPREVENTIVECONTROLSINBANK-FINANCEDPROJECTS.”--SYSTEMICFRAMEWORK.1.7Theimportanceofpreventionhasbeenreinforcedbymembercountries;forexample,intherecentG7Ministers’StatementontheUNGeneralAssemblySpecialSessionAgainstCorruptionissuedonJune2,2021,theG7commitsto“[…]worktoensuretherearestrongmeasuresinplacetopreventcorruptionandotherformsofillicitfinancetoprotectourfinancialcentersanddenysafehaventotheproceedsofcrime.Wewillsupportothercountries’effortstodothesame,includinganti-corruptionsafeguardsandtransparencymechanismsinthedeliveryofhumanitarianaidtoensurethataid,requiredintimesofnaturaldisasterandotheremergenciesincludingtheCOVID-19pandemic,reachesintendedbeneficiaries.Wealsoreaffirmourcommitmenttoputtinginplacemeasuresthatpromotetransparencyinthebeneficialownershipoflegalentities.WefurthercommittopromotingtheeffectiveimplementationoftheFinancialActionTaskForce(FATF)Standards,theglobalstandardsetterforcombattingmoneylaundering,terroristfinancingandproliferationfinance.”31.8ThefocusofOII’spreventivefunctionistoensurethattheIDBGroupcomplieswithitsfiduciaryroletopreventorminimizetheadverseeffectsoffraudandcorruption,suchasfinanciallossesandpotentialreputationaldamage,andthattheIDBGroupisperceivedasanagentofchangeintheregion.Inthepastfiveyears,OIIhassteppedupitsproactiveengagementwiththeIDBGroup’soperationalteamsandManagementtoaddressintegrityrisksinIDBGroup-financedactivities.OII’sadvisoryservicesonintegrityriskmanagementhaveincreasedsignificantly,notonlyinnumbersbutalsoincomplexity.Thisistheresultofgreaterawarenessatalllevelsoftheimportanceofrespondingtoriskindicatorsattheearliestopportunityand3.UNGeneralAssembly,SpecialSessionAgainstCorruption,StatementReleasebytheOfficeoftheSpokespersonoftheG7MinistersofCanada,France,Germany,Italy,Japan,theUnitedKingdomandtheUnitedStatesofAmerica,recommendations,numeral1(June2,2021).Thestatementisavailableatthefollowinglink:/g7-ministers-statement-on-the-un-general-assembly-special-session-against-corruption/OFFICEOFINSTITUTIONALINTEGRITYANDSANCTIONSSYSTEM/ANNUALREPORT2O21complyingwiththerequirementsofIDBGrouppolicies,aswellasbestpracticesdevelopedthroughoutOII’sexperience.1.9InSovereignGuaranteed(SG)operations,OIIpursuesanintegratedriskmanagementstrategythatservesasatooltoaddvaluetotheBank’scontributiontodevelopmentoutcomes.Ithasdonesoby(i)extractinglessonsfrominvestigations,consultations,andanalysestoinformprograms’riskmanagementstrategiesthroughouttheprojectcycle,(ii)buildingcapacityofexecutingagenciesandotherstakeholderstomanageintegrityrisks,and(iii)incorporatingintegrityriskmanagementelementsintotheIDB’spoliciesandguidelines.1.10InNon-SovereignGuaranteed(NSG)operations,IntegrityDueDiligence(IDD)hasevolvedtobeacentralelementofIDBInvestprojectevaluationsandonethatfrequentlyimpactsotherrisks,includingcredit,environmental,andcorporategovernance.OII,incoordinationwithIDBInvest,has(i)strengthenedriskmanagementtoolsforoperationsthroughouttheprojectcycle,includingprojectsinthesupervision(execution)phase,and(ii)developedpoliciesandprocedurestoensureadequatecontrolsandmonitoringofprojects.Theseeffortsbuiltonsignificantstructuralreformsthatwereadoptedinconnectionwiththe2016reorganization(“merge-out”)relatingtotheIDBGroup’sNSGoperations,includingtheadoptionoftheIntegrityFramework.1.11AFrameworkforAnti-MoneyLaunderingandCombatingtheFinancingofTerrorism(AML/CFT)fortheIDB.BuildinguponintegrityriskpreventioneffortsandOII’sexpertise,andconsistentwiththe360-degreeapproach,anAML/CFTFrameworkformalizingtheIDB’scommitmenttothemanagementofrisksrelatedtomoneylaunderingandterroristfinancingwasapprovedinMay2018.TheAML/CFTFramework,whichappliestotheIDB’soperationalandcorporatetransactions,ensuresthattheIDBhasAML/CFTcontrolsthatmeetindustrybestpractices,correspondtotherisksfacedbytheIDB,andconsideritslegalstatusasaninternationalfinancialinstitution.1.12InvestigationsandSanctions.Recently,OIIhasmadeaconcertedandstrategicefforttopivotfrompurelyreactivecomplaint-centricapproachesforinvestigationstoahybridmodelthatproactivelyseeksoutindicatorsofprohibitedpractices,resultingingreatervigilanceandhigher-impactinvestigations,someofwhichhaveresultedinhigh-profilenegotiatedresolutionagreements(NRAs)andsanctions.TheseeffortsgainedvisibilityincludingwhenOIIandtheIDBGroupwererecognizedbytheGlobalInvestigationsReviewasthe2020EmergingEnforceroftheYear.Inaddition,theseeffortshaveallowedforagreaterfocusonthedetectionandremediationofsystemicintegrityrisksintheregion.1.13TheSanctionsSystemhasbecomeanagentofchangeforintegrityintheregionandinthedifferentsectorsinwhichtheIDBGroupisfosteringdevelopment.TheOfficeoftheSanctionsOfficer(SO)hasenhanceditsrolebybecomingakeyplayerintheimplementationofNRAsandbyusingcomplianceprogramsasapartofsanctionremedies.Additionally,theSanctionsCommittee(SNC)hasincreasedthenumberofhearingsconductedbasedonagreaternumberofrequestssubmittedbyinvestigatedpartiesoftenrepresentedbylargerlawfirms.AsanimprovementinthetransparencyoftheSanctionsSystem,theSOandSNChavebeensharingknowledgewithdifferentstakeholdersbypublishingsynopsesofthedecisionstakeninthecasestheyconsider.1.14HarmonizationandCooperationwithInternationalFinancialInstitutions(IFIs)andNationalAuthorities.Since2006,theIDBGrouphasbeenworkingwithotherOFFICEOFINSTITUTIONALINTEGRITYANDSANCTIONSSYSTEM/ANNUALREPORTIFIstoharmonizetheelementsofaneffectivestrategytofightcorruptionandfraud4andtoshareanddiscussbestpractices.Theharmonizationeffortswerefurtherstrengthenedbythe2010AgreementonMutualEnforcementofDebarmentDecisions(Cross-DebarmentAgreement).5TheCross-DebarmentAgreementallowsforpartiessanctionedbyoneMDBtobeexcludedfromparticipatinginactivitiesfinancedbyallotherMDBswhoarepartiestotheagreement.Cross-debarmentraisesthecostandreputationalimpactofengagingincorruptionandotherprohibitedpractices,generatingastrongdeterrenteffect.OIIalsohasdevelopedbroadcooperationwithcounterpartnationalauthoritiesandinternationalagenciestocoordinateinvestigativeefforts(seeAppendixIII).4.In2006,theleadersoftheAfricanDevelopmentBankGroup,theAsianDevelopmentBank,theEuropeanBankforReconstructionandDevelopment,theEuropeanInvestmentBankGroup,theInternationalMonetaryFund,theInter-AmericanDevelopmentBankGroup,andtheWorldBankGroupsignedthe“UniformFrameworkforPreventingandCombatingFraudandCorruption.”5.TheAgreementforMutualEnforcementofDebarmentDecisionswasenteredintobyandbetweentheAfricanDevelopmentBankGroup,theAsianDevelopmentBank,theEuropeanBankforReconstructionandDevelopment,theWorldBankGroup,andtheInter-AmericanDevelopmentBankGroup.B.OurPerformancein2021ataGlanceADVICETOSOVEREIGNGUARANTEEDOPERATIONS295consultations8ReportsofInvestigationsandAdvisoryNotes2IntegrityRiskReviews27trainingsIntegritybulletinsIINTEGRITYDUEDILIGENCESUPPORT1,216consultationsfromIDBInvest164consultationsfromIDBLab10consultationsfromORP8trainingsINVESTIGATIONS147activecomplaints,118processed36preliminaryinvestigations,11processed27fullinvestigations,10completed92%ofallinvestigationsarehighimpactSANCTIONS38DeterminationsbytheSanctionsOfficer10DecisionsbytheSanctionsComittee8effectiveDebarmentDecisionsDebarmentsimposedbyMDBsrecognized(cross-debarred)OFFICEOFINSTITUTIONALINTEGRITYANDSANCTIONSSYSTEM/ANNUALREPORT2O211.15ThefollowingaresomeimportanthighlightsandtrendsoftheworkbyOIIandtheSanctionsSystemduringtheyear.•Continuedtoemphasizepreventionandintegrityriskmanagement.-Addressedarecordnumberof295consultationsonSGprojects,representinganincreaseof28%vs.2020.Thisgrowthillustratesabroadeningcultureofconsultation,prevention,andrecognitionoftheimportanceofintegrityriskmanagement.-Respondedtoarecord1,216IDBInvestprojectconsultationsin2021,includinga211%increaseinconsultationsrelatedtooperationsinsupervision(execution),whichresultedfromimprovedintegrityriskmonitoring.-Carriedoutthefirst-everintegrityriskassessmentofIDBLaboperations,anddeliveredrecommendationsandproposedupdatedguidelinestoIDBLab.•Increaseditseffortstostrengthentheinstitutionalcapacityofexecutingagenciesandprojectteamstomanageintegrityrisks,delivering34trainingandcapacity-buildingsessions—a40%increaseover2020.•Reachedarecord-highof92%ofitsinvestigationsclassifiedas“highimpact”,representingsuccessfulprioritizationofmattersinvolvingsystemicrisks,andreacheda94%favorabledecisionrate.•Continuedtobroadenitscooperationwithotheragencies,signingtwonewagreementswithinternationalorganizationsandtwowithnationalauthorities,includingitsfirstwithaU.S.entity.•TheSOissued38Determinationsandtrackedandreviewedanincreasingnumberofintegritycomplianceprogramsasanelementofsanctionsdecisionsorsettlements(NRAs).Theseprogramscontributetothecreationofacultureofcomplianceandreformofprivatesectorcompanies,andsignificantlydifferinsizeandscope,includingSMEsandlargefirmsoperatingindifferentindustriesandcontinents.•TheSNCundertookanincreasedcaseloadwithitsnewchairpersonandmembership,issuing10Decisionsandholdingarecordnumberofhearings.1.16UseofResources/Efficiency.In2021,OIIcontinuedtorespondtotheincreaseddemandforitsserviceswithonlyaveryslightincreaseinitslaborforce(+1.2FTEsvs.2020),demonstratingahighlevelofefficiency(seeFigure1).6OIIfullyutilizeditsbudgetedresources,andcontinuedtoprovidesupporttoIDBInvestandIDBLabthroughServiceLevelAgreementswitheach.1.17InthecaseoftheSOandtheSNC,theadditionalstaffingresourcesreceivedin2021enabledtheSNCandSOteamstoensurethatcaseswerecarefullyreviewedwithintheexpectedtimeframes.1.18ThecalculationofworkproductsoftheSOincludesforthefirsttimeactionstakenconcerningComplianceOversightaswellasCaseSynopsesforpublication.Figure2reflectstheadditionoftheseproducts.6.OII’sproductsaredefinedasfollows:forPrevention,thenumberofSGandNSGconsultations,riskanalyses,andtrainingstointernalandexternalparties;andforInvestigations,completedorclosedcases,closedmatters,andsubmissionstotheSO.WorkforceismeasuredbytheFull-TimeEquivalent(FTE)ofpersonnel(stafforconsultants)devotedspecificallytotheseproducts.OFFICEOFINSTITUTIONALINTEGRITYANDSANCTIONSSYSTEM/ANNUALREPORT2O2120ProductsProducts209190ProductsProducts2091907Figure1.OII’sEfficiency:Products/Yearvs.FTEs(2018-2021)200018001600140012001000800600400200021.5.920.31,8571,09020182019202020212050ProductsFTEFigure2.SO’sEfficiency:Products/Yearvs.FTEs(2018-2021)240200804002153,7533320182019202020214,053,02,0ProductsFTE1.19In2021,thenumberofCaseSynopsespublicationsdoubledcomparedtothetwoprecedingyears.WithrespecttoimpactonComplianceOversight,in2021therewasanincreasednumberofsubmissionsbyRespondentsandMonitorsandanincreasednumberofinteractionstoassessthequalityofcomplianceactionstakenbytheparties.Thecomplianceoversightprocesshassteadilygrownbothinvolumeandcomplexity,andtherefore,theOfficeoftheSOhasupdateditsapproachtoreportingworkproducts.77.Priorto2021,theSO’sproductsconsistedofthefollowing:Notices,RecordstoFile,Determinations,actionsconcerningcomplianceoversight,andsummariesofcasesforpublication.Asof2021,theOfficeoftheSanctionsOfficerwillincludegoingforwardandretroactivelyto2019,actionsconcerningcomplianceoversightandsummariesofcasesforpublicationasworkproducts.TheworkforceismeasuredbytheFull-TimeEquivalent(FTE)ofpersonnel(stafforconsultants)devotedtotheseproducts.2.PREVENTIONRESULTSOFFICEOFINSTITUTIONALINTEGRITYANDSANCTIONSSYSTEM/ANNUALREPORT2O21242.1In2021,integrityrisksfortheBank’soperationsremainedheightened.Factorssuchastheeconomicgrowthdecelerationintheregion,supplychaindisruptions,andtherapidmobilizationofresourcestomitigatetheeffectsoftheCOVID-19pandemiccreatedpotentialopportunitiesforcorruptionandotherintegrityviolationstooccur.2.2Inthiscontext,OIIfocusedonincreasingitsadvicetotheIDBGroup'soperationalandcorporateteamstoadequatelymanageintegrityrisksandmitigatepossiblenegativeimpactsontheIDBGroup'sandprograms’reputation.OIIalsocontinueditseffortstodevelopandpromotetheimplementationofbestpracticesandapproachestodetertheoccurrenceofprohibitedpracticesinIDBGroup-financedactivitiesandcontributetostrengtheningintegrityacrosstheregion.A.AdvicetoSovereignGuaranteedOperations2.3TomanageintegrityrisksinSGoperations,OIIfocusesonidentifyingandcorrectingweaknessesandvulnerabilitiesthatcouldallowmembersofexecutingagencies,bidders,suppliers,contractors,consultants,orotherparticipantsinIDB-financedoperationstoengageinprohibitedpracticesorunethicalbehavior.2.4ConsultationsonSGOperations.In2021,thedemandforOII’sadvicetopreventormitigateintegrityrisksandtheirreputationalimpactonIDB-financedprojectscontinuedgrowingonparwithanincreaseinthecomplexityoftheissuesinvolved.OIIrespondedto295consultations,representinganincreaseof28%comparedto2020.252.5Thetypesofconsultationscanbecategorizedasfollows:(i)guidancetoprojectteamsandmanagersonhowtobestassessandmitigateintegrityrisksandreputationalimpact;(ii)proactiveidentificationofintegrityriskindicatorsbyOIIthatrequiremitigationorSGpreventiveinputs;and(iii)adviceoncompliancewiththeBank’soperationalpoliciesrelatedtointegrity,orinresponsetosuchpolicyrequirements.2.6Figure3showsthedistributionofconsultationsbytriggerin2021.Thismimicsthedistributionofrecentyears,continuingtoillustraterecognitionbyIDBprojectteams,directlyorbasedonconsultationsreceivedfromexecutingagencies,oftheimportanceofaddressingintegrityrisksaspartoftheproject’sgeneralriskmanagement.ThedataalsoshowgreaterconsistencyincomplyingwiththeIDB’spoliciesthatrequireconsultationstoOIIinagrowingnumberofscenarios.ThistrendisexplainedbyOII’sawareness-raisingeffortstoensurethatprojectteamsreflectintegrity-relatedlessonsinProjectCompletionReports(PCRs)8andmeetthespecificrequirementsintheguid