世界著名景点为控制游客数量出新招等2则外刊阅读训练-高三英语二轮复习

外刊精读世界著名景点为控制游客数量出新招导读：随着旅游大众化，国际旅游人数不断增加，世界各地的著名景点变得越来越拥挤。限制参观人数，对游客收取城市税、占用税……本期“外刊精读”介绍各国著名景点应对游客潮所采取的相应措施，以保护这些历史名胜和必看景点。一、语篇泛读Iloveholidays!There’snothingbetterthan

jettingoff

toaforeigndestinationtovisitthe

attractions

ithasonoffer.Ofcourse,I’mnotalone.Millionsofpeoplearedoingthesame,andwhynot?Theworldhasanamazingvarietyof

must-seesights,from

breathtaking

naturalscenerytoimpressiveoldcities.Buttheproblemisthattoomanyofusarevisitingthematthesametime,puttingpressureonthesedelicateand

ancient

places.That’swhyanumberof

beautyspots

and

historicsites

havebeenintroducing

charges

or

restrictions

onthetouristswhovisit.Therearemanyreasonsforthis:toreduce

overcrowding,whichcanspoiltheambienceofaplace,tomanage

wearandtear

onoldcrumblingbuildings,totidyupthemessthatvisitorsleavebehind,or–assomemaysuggest–creating

touristtraps

tomakemoremoneyoutofthevisitors.ThefamousItaliancityofVenicewithits

picturesque

canalshas,forexample,introducedanentryfeeofupto€10for

short-stay

tourists.Venetianshavelongcomplainedthat

masstourism

isswampingthecity.Now,passengersarrivingbycruiseshipwillhavetopaya‘landingtax’whichMayorLuigiBrugnarosays,“wouldgeneratemuch-neededincometokeepthecityclean.”ManycitiesinEuropealreadychargean

occupancytax

ontouristswhostayinhotelsandguesthouses.IntheUK,Edinburghishopingtodothesame,controversiallymakingitthefirstcityinthecountrytodoso.This

levy,thatisusuallychargedperpersonpernightof

accommodation,raisesmoneytohelpprotecttheenvironment,payfor

infrastructure,orpromotetourism.InItaly’scapitalcity,Rome,newlawsarebeingintroducedtoclampdownonbadtouristbehavior,whichsomeargueisspoilingthelookandfeelofthecity.Rulesincludebanningdrinkingwaterfromfountainsandattaching‘lovepadlocks’tobridges.

Asmoreofuscannowaffordtotravel,touristdestinationsaregoingtogetbusier,somaybenewlawsandtaxesaregoingtobeanecessarypartofthe

sightseeing

experience.二、词汇表jetoff乘飞机旅行attraction景点must-seesight必看景点breathtaking美得惊人的ancient古老的beautyspot美景historicsite古迹charge收费restriction限制overcrowding过度拥挤wearandtear损耗，消耗touristtrap旅游陷阱picturesque图画般的，美丽的short-stay只在某处短暂停留的masstourism大众旅游landingtax入境税（乘船进入威尼斯的游客需交纳的税费）occupancytax占用税levy税款accommodation住宿infrastructure基础设施lovepadlock同心锁sightseeing观光，游览三、测试与练习

阅读课文并回答问题。1.Accordingtothearticle,whatiscausingdamagetodelicateandancientplaces?2.Whowillhavetopaythenew‘landingtax’whenvisitingVenice?3.Trueorfalse?

EdinburghwillsoonbetheonlycityinEuropetochargeataxonpeoplestayinginhotels

andguesthouses.4.Whatcanyounolongerdowith‘lovepadlocks’inRome?5.Whichwordinthearticlemeans‘characterandatmosphereofaplace’?请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。1.Weclimbedupaveryhighmountainandtheviewsfromthetopwere_______.pictures

breathtaking

beautyspots

sightseeing2.Ican’twaituntilSaturdaywhenweare

_______totheCaribbean–twoweeksonthebeachandnowork!jetoff

jetsoff

jettingoff

offjetting3.The

_______wasn’tgreat,whichmadetravellingaroundthecountryhardwork.must-seesights

sightseeing

infrastructure

tourism4.Ourholidaywasn’tgreat.Thetownwestayedinhadbeenspoiledby_______

–ithadnoauthenticlocalcharacter.masstourism

massedtourism

masstourist

masstouring5.Forsome,NiagaraFallsisa

_______whenonholidayintheUSA.beautyspot

historicsite

sightseeing

must-seesight参考答案

阅读课文并回答问题。

1.Accordingtothearticle,whatiscausingdamagetodelicateandancientplaces?Thelargenumberoftouristsis

puttingpressureonthesedelicateandancientplaces.2.WhichvisitorstoVenicewillhavetopaythenew‘landingtax’?Passengersarrivingbycruiseshipwillnowhavetopaya‘landingtax’.3.Trueorfalse?

EdinburghwillsoonbetheonlycityinEuropetochargeataxonpeoplestayinginhotelsandguesthouses.False.EdinburghwillbethefirstplaceintheUKtointroduceanoccupancytax.4.

Whatcanyounolongerdowith‘lovepadlocks’inRome?Newlawsbanattaching‘lovepadlocks’tobridgesinRome.5.Whichwordinthearticlemeans‘characterandatmosphereofaplace’?Ambience.“

Toreduceovercrowdingwhichcanspoiltheambienceofaplace.”

请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。1.Weclimbedupaveryhighmountainandtheviewsfromthetopwere

breathtaking.2.Ican’twaituntilSaturdaywhenweare

jettingoff

totheCaribbean–twoweeksonthebeachandnowork!3.The

infrastructure

wasn’tgreat,whichmadetravellingaroundthecountryhardwork.4.Ourholidaywasn’tgreat.Thetownwestayedinhadbeenspoiledby

masstourism

–ithadnoauthenticlocalcharacter.5.Forsome,NiagaraFallsisa

must-seesight

whenonholidayintheUSA.谁还在吸烟？导读：研究发现，尽管有大量的警示告诫人们吸烟有害健康，目前全球十分之一的死亡是由吸烟导致。作为解决可预防疾病健康诱因措施的一部分，目前，英国政府承诺到2030年在英格兰全面停止吸烟。但为什么有些人还在吸烟呢？“外刊精读”讨论这背后的原因，以及帮助人们戒烟的举措。一、语篇泛读IfyouwalkedintoacafeorpubintheUKafewyearsago,chanceswereyou’denteraroomfilledwith

cigarettesmoke.The

aroma

ofburning

tobacco

lingeredonyourclothesfortherestofdayandyourhealthtookabatteringfrom

passivesmoking.It’snowonderthatinmanycountriessmokinginpublicplaceshasnowbeenbanned,andthosewhochoosetodoithavetoinhaleonthepavementsoutside.Lawsrestrictingwherepeoplecan

lightup

andrepeatedhealthwarningshaveseenmanypeople

quitthehabit.Butdespiteadeclineinsmokingratesworldwide,areportpublishedinthemedicaljournalTheLancetin2017foundthatsmokingcausesoneintendeathsworldwide,halfoftheminjustfourcountries-China,India,theUSandRussia.Whenpopulationgrowthistakenintoaccount,thereisactuallyanincreaseintheoverallnumberof

smokers.Sowhy-despitethe

warningsigns

-arethesepeoplestilldoingit?Muchofitseemstobeconnectedtopeople’scultural,economicandsocialbackground.IntheUK,forexample,theOfficeforNationalStatisticsfoundthatpeoplelivingonalowincomearedisproportionatelylikelytosmoke.Andoneinfourmanualworkerssmokes,comparedwithoneintenofthoseinprofessionalormanagerialjobs.Dr.LeonieBrosefromKing'sCollegeLondon,writingaboutthisfortheBBC,saysthereare“startling”regionalvariationswithmanymorepregnantwomensmokingindeprivedareas.Andpeoplewithmentalhealthproblemsare“50%morelikelytosmokethantherestofthepopulation”.Shesuggeststhesegroupscanhavehigherlevelsofdependence,makingitharder

togiveup

andarealsomorelikelytobearoundothersmokers,makingitseemlikenormalbehavior.

Increasingthepriceofcigarettesandmaking

packaging

plaineraretwowaystodiscouragesmoking;andlower-risk

nicotinepatches

and

e-cigarettes

areavailableasanalternative,thoughtheycanbejustas

addictive.It’sobvioussomethingneedstobedoneandrecentlytheUKgovernmentpledgedtoendsmokinginEnglandby2030aspartofarangeofmeasurestotacklethecausesof

preventable

illhealth.ButasDrLeonieBrosewrites,“withmorethan200deathsinEnglandperday[causedbysmoking-relateddiseases,]that’stheequivalenttoaplanecrashingeveryday.”Imaginewhatthenumbermustbeglobally.二、词汇表cigarettesmoke香烟的烟雾

aroma（烟草的）气味

tobacco烟草

passivesmoking被动吸烟

inhale吸入（烟）

lightup点烟

quitthehabit戒除恶习

smoker吸烟者

warningsign警告，告诫

togiveup戒掉……

packaging包装

nicotinepatch（贴在皮肤上帮助戒烟的）尼古丁贴片

e-cigarette电子烟

addictive使人上瘾的

preventable可预防的三、测试与练习

阅读课文并回答问题。1.What,ingeneral,haspersuadedpeopletostopsmoking?2.Accordingtoresearch,whointheUKismorelikelytosmoke?3.Trueorfalse?

Plainerpackagingmakescigarettesmoreexpensive.4.WhymightsmokingbetotallybannedinEnglandby2030?5.WhichwordusedbyDrLeonieBrosemeans‘verysurprisingandworrying’?

请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。1.WhenIvisitmylocalcafe,Ilovetobreathinthe_______offreshlybrewedcoffee.inhale

tobacco

aroma

addictive2.Mydoctorhastoldmetoloseweight,soIhavedecidedto_______eatingbiscuits.givingup

giveup

givenup

gaveup3.It’snotfair!Iseemtohave_______moreworktodothanmycolleagues.disproportionately

disproportion

disproportioned

disproportioning4.Someexpertssaythepowerindustry’s_______oncoalneedstochangetohelpclimatechange.preventable

addictive

disproportionately

dependence5.Oneofourinvestorsmissedthe_______andlostallhismoneybyinvestingitonthestockmarket.warnedsigns

warningsigns

warnsigns

warningsign参考答案阅读课文并回答问题。1.What,ingeneral,haspersuadedpeopletostopsmoking?Lawsrestrictingwherepeoplecansmokeandrepeatedhealthwarningshave

seen

manypeoplequitthehabit.2.Accordingtoresearch,whointheUKismorelikelytosmoke?TheOfficeforNationalStatisticsfoundthatpeoplelivingonalowincomearedisproportionatelylikelytosmoke.3.Trueorfalse?

Plainer