Unit 4 单元知识归纳 高一英语上学期 （人教版2019必修第二册）

Unit4一、重点单词puzzlen.谜，智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑1.不知如何是好，感到困惑；inapuzzle2.解开谜团；solveapuzzle3.带着疑惑的表情:wearapuzzledexpression4.令人费解的事实；apuzzlingfactBegingninganewlifeinanewplacecanbeverypuzzling.belongvi.应在（某处）；适应归属感:asenseofbelonging这是谁的课本？Whodoesthistextbookbelongto?他是高尔夫球俱乐部的成员。Hebelongstothegolfclub.温馨提示：belongto不用于进行时态也没有被动语态。类似用法的还有takeplace,occur,happen等。defendv.防御，保护，辩解，辩护保卫......免受......defend...against/from...→defencen防御；保卫1.为保卫......；为......辩护indefenceof...2.为某人辩护inone’sdefence有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护？Whatpointscanberaisedindefenceofthisargument.温馨提示：与defend...from/against...用法类似的还有：prevent...(from)...;stop...(from)...;keep...from...;protect...from/against...等，在被动语态中from都不可省略。surroundvt.围绕；包围1.用......包围......surround...with…..2.和......在一起，与......为伍:surroundoneselfwith…..→surrounding附近的，四周的周围环境:surroundingenvironment→surroundings环境（复数）1.欣赏环境:enjoy/admirethesurroundings2.美丽的环境:beautifulsurroundings3.适应新环境:be/getusedtothenewsurroundings.evidentadj.明显的，显然的她显然不开心。Itwasevidentthatshewasunhappy.→evidencen.证据，根据，证明1.寻找证据:lookfor/searchforevidence2.找到证据:findevidence3（出庭）作证:giveevidence4.医学证据:medicalevidence5.有力的证据:strongevidence6.一项证据:apieceofevidenceachievementn.成就；成绩；达到1.取的成就；makeanachievment2.某人在某方面的成就:one’sachievementin3.在做某事方面取得成就:makeanachievementindoingsth4.伟大的、了不起的成就：agreat/remarkableachievement→achievevt.实现；（经过努力）取得，达到→achievableadj.可实现的，可达到的:fascinatingadj.极有吸引力的；迷人的1.迷人的地方；afascinatingplace2.引人入胜的故事:afascinatingstory3.看上去、听起来迷人:look/soundfascinating4.令某人着迷:befascinatingtosb5.看到不同的人怎样处理这个问题真是有趣极了。It’sfascinatingtoseehowdifferentpeopleapproachtheproblem.chargen.收费；指控；主管vt.收费；控告；充电1.收他十美元修自行车费:charginghim10dollarsforrepairinghisbike.2.指控他超速:chargehimwithspeeding3.免费:freeofcharge请问我可以和国际销售部的负责人说话吗？CouldIspeaktowhoeverisinchargeofinternationalsales,please.你知道琳达是否愿意负责这个节目吗？DoyouknowifLindaiswillingtotakechargeoftheprogram?announcevt.宣布；通知；声称1.向某人宣布......announcesthtosb2.据宣布itisannouncedthat...3.正如宣布的那样asisannouncedAttheendofthemeeting,itwasannounced(announce)thatanagreementhadbeenreached.→announcementn.通知，公告官方公告:anofficialannouncementamountn.金额；数量1.大量地、少量地inlarge/smallamounts.在这么短的时间内他几乎不能做完这些工作。Hardlycouldhegetthroughthisamountofworkinsuchshorttime.Alargeamountoftimehasbeenspentinfinishingthistasksofar.approachn.方法；途径；接近vt接近；接洽；着手处理vi靠近1.走近房子approachthehouse2.看到、听到......接近see/hearsb/sthapproaching3.容易接近、难以接近beeasy/difficulttoapproach4.处理问题approachtheproblem/matter5.......的来临theapproachof….6.做某事的方法anapproachtodoingsth7.在快到......的时候attheapproachof...温馨提示-表示“方法、方式”的短语荟萃：approachto(doing)hiswaytodo/ofdoingsth.withthismethodofdoingsth.ina...mannerofdoingsth.generousadj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的1.对某人很慷慨begenerousto2.乐于做某事begenerousin3．在某方面很大方:begenerouswithsth4.某人做某事真是慷慨。Itisgenerousofsbtodosth.没有你的慷慨帮忙，我不可能熬过那段痛苦的日子。Icouldn’thavegonethroughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.→generouslyadv.慷慨大方地→generosityn.慷慨；大方eageradj.热切的；渴望的1.渴望做某事；beeagertodosth2.渴望得到某事:beeagerforsth3.He’sabrightkindandeagertolearn.beeagerthat希望；渴望。此时从句谓语一般用“should＋动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，should可以省略。→eagerlyadv.热切地，渴望地They’reeagerlywaitingforthebigday.→eagernessn.热切，渴望Peoplewerepushingeachotheroutofwayintheireagernesstogettothefront.greetvt.问候；迎接1.迎接客人greetguests2.在机场迎接某人greetsbattheairport3.向某人点头致意greetsbwithanod.WheneverImeether,whichwasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.→greetingn.问候；打招呼crowdn.人群；一群人；民众vt.挤满；使......拥挤1.一群、成群的人:acrowdof/crowdsofpeople2.在机场迎接某人:inthecrowd3．挤进、涌入纽约中心:crowdintothecenterofnewnetwork4.涌入某人的心头:crowdedintoone’smind→crowded拥挤的，挤满的挤满......becrowdedwithIncrowded(crowd)placeslikeairportsandrailwaystation,youmusttakecareofyourluggage.二、重点短语1.besimilarto与......相似(1)在某方面相似besimilarin(2)与......相同；thesameas(3)与......不同:bedifferentfrom(4)在......方面不同；bedifferentinHerideasarequitesimilartomine.Thetwocarsareverysimilarinsizeanddesign.2.beconfusedby对......感到困惑(1)变得困惑:become/getconfused(2)困惑的感情:aconfusedexpression(3)把A和B弄混；confuseAwithBAlltheroadslookedthesameandhefeltconfused.注意不要把数量与质量混淆了。Becarefulnottoconfusequantitywithquality.3.join..to..把......和......连接或联结起来(1)Connect…..with/to......把......跟......联系起来(2)与......“有关系、有联系多种表达：Berelatedto;belinkedwith/tobeinvolvedin;beassociatedwith;havesomethingtodowith(3)Youhavetojointhesmallerpieceofwoodtothemainpart.4.breakaway(fromsb/sth)脱离；背叛；逃脱；克服（习惯）(1)打碎；分裂；（会议或聚会）结束，散会；（团体）解散:breakup(2)出故障；垮掉；失败:breakdown(3)突破:Breakthrough(4)（战争、火灾）突然发生、爆发:breakout上周史密斯家的汽车被撬了。TheSmithshadtheircarbrokenintolastweek.那位老人不在家时，窃贼闯进屋里了。Thieveshadbrokeinwhiletheoldmanwasaway.5.resultin结果为；导致；(1)由于；源自:resultfrom(2)结果，因此:asaresult(3)作为......、的结果asaresultof(4)我们还在处理过去的因失误所造成的问题。Wearestilldealingwithproblemsresultingfromerrorsmadeinthepost.6.aswellas同（一样也）；和；还(1)Inthisdayandage,womencanhavechildrenandjobsaswell(2)Thebasketballcoach,aswellashisteamwasinterviewedshortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.(3)Thistrainingprogramcangiveyouagiftatwork,aswellasincreaseyourincomeby40%.7.leavebehind落下、忘带；留下；把......抛在后面(1)把我的伞落在火车上:leavemyumbrellabehindonthetrain.(2)动身去北京；leaveforBeijing(3)不要打扰我:leavemealone(4)省去具体细节:leaveoutdetails(5)漏掉一个字母:leaveoutaletter(6)他动身前往华盛顿，把几个孩子留给了他的母亲。HesetoffforWashington,leavingthechildrenbehindhismother.8.datebackto起源于，追溯到(1)这所学院创办于中世纪。Thecollegedatesbacktomedievaltimes.(2)这些可以追溯到1855年的石阶开始出现磨损。Thestonesteps,datingbackto1885.Arebeginningtowear.9.keepyoureyesopen(for)keepyoueyesout(for)留心；留意(1)吸引某人的注意:catchone’seye(2)注视，盯着看:fixone’seyeson(3)照看；留意；密切注意:keepaneyeon(4)对......有鉴赏力；haveaneyefor.(5)直视某人:looksbintheeye10.offersbsth向某人提供某物；offersthtosb(1)愿意、主动提出做某事:offertodosth(2)提供帮助、提出建议:offerhelp/advice(3)“提供给某人某物”的表达：providesbwithsth/providesthforsbSupplysbwithsth/supplysthtosb(4)-whydidyouhavetheposition?IwasofferedabetterpositionatIBM.11.makeup组成，构成；编造；化妆；弥补<1>组成一个队：makeupateam<2>编故事：makeupastory<3>编借口：makeupanexcuse<4>在镜子前化妆：makeupbefo