潍坊2014中考试题详解

潍坊市2014年中考试题及解析二、单项选择16.Readingcanmakeyoubecome______expertandchangeyourlife.A.a B.an C./ D.the16.B【解析】考查冠词的用法。句意为：阅读可以让你成为一名专家，改变你的生活。“expert”是可数名词，第一个字母的音素为元音音素，故选B。17.Asmilecosts_____,butgivessomuch.Soweshouldlearntosmile.A.somethingB.anything C.nothing D.everything17.B【解析】考查不定代词的用法。句意为：微笑不花钱，但是可以赋予人很多。因此我们应该学会微笑。something某些东西；anything任何东西，常用于否定句和疑问句中；nothing没有任何事物，everything所有事物。根据句意可知答案为B。18.People______waituntilthetrafficlightbecomesgreen.That’sthetrafficrule.A.mustB.can C.need D.may18.A【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为：人们必须等到交通灯变绿。那是交通规则。must强调客观性，“必须，一定”；can表示能力，意为“能，能够”；need需要，必要；may可能，可以。根据句意，交通规则是客观必须遵守的制度，故用must表示。19.—WhatcanIdoforyou?—IhopeIhaveanicehouse_______abiggardenA.of B.with C.form D.about19.B【解析】考查介词的用法。句意为：--你想买什么？--我想买一套带大花园的漂亮房子。of……的，表示所属关系；with…带有……-的；from…从……；about…关于……。此处with短语作宾语补助语。20.—I’mverysorryIamlate.Toocrowdedinthestreet.—_______Betterlatethannever.A.It’stoobad.B.betternot.B.Takeiteasy D.Itdoesn’tmatter.20.D【解析】考查情景交际。句意为：--对不起，我迟到了，交通太拥挤。没关系，晚到总比不到好。It'stoobad意思是“太糟糕了”；You'dbetternot意思是“你最好不”；Takeiteasy意思是“放松一下”；Itdoesn'tmatter意思是“没关系”。根据句意选D。21.—HaveyouseenthefilmcominghomedirectedbyZhangYimou?—Notyet.I’m______seeingit.It’ssaidthefilmisgreat!A.lookingdownonB.lookingoutforC.lookinguptoD.lookingforwardto21.D【解析】考查近义词组的辨析。句意为：你看过张艺谋导演的电影《归来》了吗？还没呢，我期待看一看，据说电影很棒！lookdownon的意思是“看不起，轻视”；lookoutfor的意思是“搜寻（某人或某物），试图得到（某物）”；lookupto的意思是“抬头看（某人或某物），尊重[敬仰]（某人）”；lookforwardto意思是“期待”。根据句意选D。22.—______doyougotoWeifangTheatre?—Onceamonth.A.HowsoonB.HowoftenC.HowmuchD.Howlong22.B【解析】考查疑问词的用法。句意为：。—你多久去潍坊剧院一次？—一月一次。howsoon多久之后，表示时间的长度，一般用于将来时；howoften多久，表示频率；howmuch多少，用于询问数量，价格等；howlong多久，表示动作持续的时间。答语表示频率，故选B。23.Tommycouldn’tstopthinkingabouttheboy_____madehimafoolinfrontofthewholeclass.A.whom B.which C.what D.who23.D【解析】考查定语从句关系代词的用法。句意为：Tommy一直在考虑那个在全班同学面前耍弄他的男孩。先行词是“theboy”在从句中做主语，故用who。whom在从句中做宾语；which先行词是物或者从句中有介词构成介宾结构；what在从句中做宾语。故选D。24.It’stoocoldoutsidetoday.You’dbetter_______yourjacket.A.putonB.putup C.takeoff D.takeafter24.A【解析】考查动词词组的用法。句意为：今天外面太冷了，你最好披上你的外衣。Puton意思是“穿上”；putup意思是“搭起，举起”；takeoff意思是“脱下”“飞机起飞”；takeafter意思是“长得像，性格类似”。根据句意，故选A。25.—Whatwillasciencemuseumbelikeifyouareaskedtobuildone?—Ihopeitwill____likeabookA.tasteB.soundC.lookD.smell25.C【解析】考查动词的用法。句意为：如果有人问你建一所科学馆会是什么样？我希望它看起来像一本书。taste意思是“尝起来”；sound意思是“听起来”；look意思是“看起来”；smell意思是“闻起来”；根据句意，此处意思是“看起来”，可以用looklike表示，故选C。26.Excuseme,couldItakethisseat?Sorry,______.A.it’staken B.takeit C.hereyouare D.nevermind26.A【解析】考查情景交际。句意为：--打扰了，我可以坐这个座位吗？--对不起，已经有人坐了。Itistaken意思是“它被别人占有了”；takeit意思是“带走它”；hereyouare意思是“给你”；nevermind意思是“不客气”；根据句意，故选A。27.AreBettyandLinglingstilllivinginBeijing?No,they______Qingdao.A.willmove B.aremoved C.havejustmove D.move27.C【解析】考查现在完成时的用法。句意为：贝蒂和玲玲还住在北京吗？不，他们已经搬到了青岛。willmove意思是“将要搬到”；aremoved意思是“被搬到”；havejustmoved意思是“刚刚搬到”，是现在完成时态，对现在造成的影响是不在原地；move意思是“搬到”；根据句意，故选C。28._______Iknow,moreandmorepeopleintheworldarelearningChinese.A.Aswellas B.Asoftenas C.Assoonas D.Asfaras28.D【解析】考查连词的用法。句意为：据我所知，世界上越来越多的人正在学习汉语。aswellas意思是“除…之外（也）；此外”；asoftenas意思是“尽可能经常”；assoonas意思是“一就”；asfaras意思是“据……所知”；根据句意选D。29.Ifit_____raintomorrow,we’llgohiking.A.won’tB.doesn’tC.don’tD.didn’t29.B【解析】考查连词if引导的条件状语从句的时态。句意为：如果明天不下雨，我就会去远足。if引导的条件状语从句，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。根据用法选B。30.Therearesomanyfoggydaysthesedays.Weallwanttoknow_____.A.howcanwedotopreventit B.howwecandotopreventitC.whatwecandotopreventit D.whatcanwedotopreventit30.C【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词及语序问题。句意为：近几天雾天有这么多，我们都想知道我们可以做些什么来阻止它。引导词的必须在从句中作do的宾语,故引导词应该用what，而且宾语从句要用陈述语序，可排除A，D两个选项。选C。三、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Richorpoor,youngorold,weallhaveproblems.Wecaneasilybecomeunhappy31wesolveourproblems.32aboutourproblemscanaffecthowwedothingsatschoolorathome.Sohowdowedealwithourproblems?Mostofushaveprobablybeenangry33ourfriends,parentsorteachers.Perhapstheysaidsomethingyoudidn’tlike,oryoufelttheywereunfair.Sometimes,peoplecanstayangryforyearsaboutasmallproblem.Timegoesby,andgoodfriendshipsmay34.Whenweareangry,however,weareusuallytheonesaffected.Haveyoueverseenyoungchildrenplayingtogether?Buttheyfightverysoon,anddecidenottotalktoeachotherHowever,thisusuallydoesn’t35forlong.Theybecomegoodfriendsagain.Thisisanimportant36forus,wecansolveaproblembyleaningtoforget.Manystudentsoftencomplainaboutschool.Theymightfeeltheyhavetoomuchworktodosometimes,orthinktherulesaretoo37.Wemustlearnhowtochangethese“problems”into“challenges”(挑战).Asyoungadults,itisourduty38ourbesttodealwitheachchallengewiththehelpofourteachers.Bycomparingyourselftootherpeople,youwillfindyourproblemsarenotso39.ThinkaboutStephenHawking,forexample,averycleverscientist.Hecan’twalkorevenspeak,butheregardshismanyphysicalproblemsasunimportant.Nowheisknown40a31.A.unless B.if C.whenD.as32.A.Worry B.Worrying C.WorriedD.Worries33.A.ofB.to C.withD.in34.A.lose B.belost C.keepD.bekept35.A.lastB.do C.produceD.make36.A.programB.tool C.classD.lesson37.A.kindB.strict C.weakD.free38.A.totryB.tohave C.toput D.tokeep39.A.terribleB.pleasant C.painlessD.useful40.A.aboutB.for C.with D.as【主旨大意】本篇文章是一篇议论文。讲述了人人在生活中都会遇到难题，并且问题如果不及时得到解决的话，会影响我们的情绪从而影响和别人交往的方式；同时又给我们指出了解决问题的方式方法。31.A【解析】考查连词。根据句意：除非我们处理掉我们的问题，否则的话我们很容易就变得生气。unless“除非”，是转折连词；if“如果；假如”，引导条件状语从句；when“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句；as“因为”，引导原因状语从句，根据句意此处表示转折。32.B【解析】考查动词的用法。根据句子结构，所填词做主语，而只有动名词可以做主语，故选worrying。33.C【解析】考查固定词组。根据beangrywithsb.，意为：生…某人的气，故应选C。34.B【解析】考查被动语态。根据句意：随着时间的流逝，好的友谊可能就会（被）失去，故应使用belost，表示被动。35.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而这不会持续太长时间了，last意为“持续”do“做”；produce“生产”；make“制造；使……”。根据句意，故选A。36.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文：从孩子们的身上，我们能够得到很好地一课：学会忘记。program“节目”；tool“工具”；class“班级；等级”；lesson“功课；教训”。故应选D。37.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：规定应该是太严格。kind“善良的”；strict“严厉的”weak“微弱的”；free“自由的”。根据句意可知答案。故应选strict。38.A【解析】考查固定词组。tryone’sbest：尽最大努力做某事。39.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据句意：通过拿自己和别人作比较，你会发现你的问题并不是很严重。terrible“严重的；可怕的”；pleasant“高兴的”；painless“无痛的”；useful“有用的”。根据句意可知答案。40.B【解析】考查固定词组。beknownas…：作为…而闻名，as是“作为”的意思。阅读理解A【2014山东潍坊】23AprilisWorldBookandCopyrightDay(世界读书日).TheDayiscelebratedbyagrowingnumberofpeopleintheworldandhasmadethemdiscover,makethebestuseofbooks.Booksarewindowsontodifferentculturesandtoolsfordialogue.Doyoulikereadingbooks?Whichwouldyouprefer?E-books(电子书)orprintedbooks?Inrecentyears,morepeoplelikee-booksratherthanprintedbooks.Buttherearestillmanypeoplewhoenjoyprintedbooks.Thatdependsonthepeople’sreadinghabitsandwheretheyreadthem.Forexample,whenparentsreadtotheirchildrenandpeoplesharebookswithothers,mostpeoplewillchooseprintedbooks.Thereisasurvey.Whensome16-year-oldstudentsareaskedwhichwouldtheychoosewhentheywanttogetabookquickly,whentheyreadwhiletraveling,andwhentheyreadinbed,hereistheirchoice.Pleasereadthefigure(图表)andtrytogetsomeinformation.41.studentswhoaresurveyedlikeprintedbookwhentheyreadinbed.A.19%B.83%C.13%D.43%42.Accordingtothepassage,mostpeoplewouldchoosee-booksforA.traveling B.readingtothechildrenC.sharingwithothersD.bothBandC43.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat.A.moreandmorepeoplearestudyinghowtoreadbookseffectively(有效地)B.it’snotagoodhabitforpeopletoreade-booksC.accordingtothefigure,mostofthesurveyedstudentskikeprinted-booksD.thesurveywasmadebysomestudentsA【主旨大意】本文为说明文：由每年的4月23日是世界读书日，引出人们现在读书习惯的变化：在最近的几年里，越来越多的人喜欢阅读电子书而不再是印刷书籍；同时针对于16岁的年轻人三种情况下他们的选择做了调查和统计，分别是：能快速得到书的时候；旅游的时候；在床上读书的时候。41.D【解析】细节理解题。由柱状图的最后一部分，可知当在床上读书时，43%的孩子们愿意选择印刷的书籍。42.A【解析】细节理解题。由柱状图的第二部分可知在旅游的时候，大部分的孩子愿意选择电子书籍。43.A【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文，可知文章是在说明人们正在研究如何读书更有效。B【2014山东潍坊】FengHuanwasborninafarvillageinTonggucounty,EastChina’sJiangxiprovince.Sheis13yearsold,butsheisonlyastallasasix-year-oldgirl.Sheisanunluckychild.Bornwithanillness,shecan’twalkasothers.Familyeldersoncetriedtoabandon(遗弃)herbecauseofherpoorhealth,buthermothermanagedtotakeherbabyback.ShenamedthechildFengHuan,whichmeanshappiness,hopingherdaughterwouldgrowuptoleadahappylifeinthefuture.TheillnessbroughtsomuchpaintoFengHuanovertheyears.Herlegshavebecomedeformedasshehasbeenunabletowalksinceshewasborn.Shecouldhardlywalkorgotothetoiletwithouthelp.What’sworse,herillnessisgettingworseandworse,whichputspressureononeofherkidneys(肾脏).HermotherhastakenhertoShanghaifortreatment,andherparentshavedoneeverythingtheycouldtotreatherillness.Thankstogreatlovefromhermother,FengHuanisabletogotoschoolasotherchildren.Shesaysshelovesattendingschoolbecauseshecanlearnmanythingsthereandchatwithherclassmates.Aftershegoeshomeonhermother’sbackfromschool,shedoesherhomeworkwithherfavoritedollbyherside.Shetakesthedolleverywherewithher,evenwhenshesleeps.Luckily,whenherstoryisreported,manykind-heartedpeoplehavelenthelpinghands.FengHuanisnowrecoveringaftercorrectivesurgery(矫正手术)onherlegsinShenzhou,SouthChinaprovince.Perhapsweareabletoseeahealthygirlsoon!44.FengHuangotillwhen_________A.shewas13yearsold B.shewas6yearsoldC.shewasborn D.shewenttoschool45.HowdoesFengHuancomehomefromschool?_______A.Byherself. B.Onhermother’sback.C.Withsomekind-heartedpeople’shelp. D.Withthehelpofherclassmates.46.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“recover”meaninChineseinthelastparagraph?____A.改正 B.保护 C.爱护 D.康复47.Whatdoyouthinkthewriterwantstotellusbywritingthispassage?______A.Whatapoorgirl! B.Mother’slovemakesherdaughterstrong.C.Illnessisterrible D.HowtokeepfitB【主旨大意】本篇文章为记叙文。介绍了来自铜鼓县13岁女孩冯欢的病情及经历。小冯欢的病情很严重，但是妈妈和她没有放弃，在妈妈的帮助下，她像其他孩子一样能够去上学；当她的故事被报道后，社会各界都伸出了援助之手，现在她的手术很成功，有希望在不久的将来能够站起来，成为一个健康的女孩。44.C【解析】细节理解题。题干意思是：冯欢生病是在______时候。根据第一段第三句Bornwithanillness…，可知冯欢一出生就有病。45.B【解析】细节理解题。题干意思是：冯欢怎样放学后回家？由第三段中Aftershegoeshomeonhermother’sbackfromschool…,可知冯欢放学后，她妈妈背着她回家。46.D【解析】词义猜测题。题干意思是：在最后一段，画线单词recover的汉语意思是什么？根据最后一句：Perhapsweareabletoseeahealthygirlsoon.“也许我们将会很快看到一个康复的女孩”可推测，经过矫正手术后，冯欢正在“康复”。47.B【解析】主旨大意题。题干意思是：你认为作者通过写这篇短文想告诉我们什么。纵观全文，可知本文主要讲述：妈妈的爱让一个险遭遗弃的孩子渐渐脱离困境，变得强壮的故事。C【2014山东潍坊】ResearchershavediscoveredthefirstEarth-sizedplanet.ItwasfirstmarkedbyscientistsusingNASA’sKeplertelescope(望远镜),soit’scalledKepler-186f.Itliesabout500lightyearsfromEarthandgoesarounditsstar.Theplanetistherightdistancefromitsstarforwater:nottoocloseandnottoofar.Waterisoneimportantconditionthatscientistsguessisnecessaryforlife.Soitcouldhavewaterandpossiblelife.It’scalledatrueEarthcousin.“ThisplanetisanEarthcousin,notanEarthtwin,”saidBarclay,whoisamongateamofscientistsreportingonthediscoveryinthemagazineSciencethisweek.“It’sveryexcitingtofindaplanetsimilartotheEarth,”Barclaysaid.“It’snoteasyworkbecausethingschangeaswegetmoremeasurements.”Scientistsdon’tknowanythingabouttheairofKepler-186f,butitwillbeataskforfuturetelescopesthatcanstudyforchemicalsthathavesomethingtodowithlife.“It’spossibleforlifetoliveinthisplanet,butthatdoesn’tmeanthereislifeinit.”Barclaysaid.Sofar,scientistshavefoundnearly1,800planetsintheuniverse.“ThepastyearhasseenalotofprogressinthesearchforEarth-likeplanets.Kepler-186fisveryimportantbecauseitisthefirstplanetthatisthesametemperatureandisalmostthesamesizeasEarth,”scientistDavidCharbonneauwroteinanemail.48.Researchershavealreadyfoundabout______planetsnow.A.500B.186C.1800D.180149.WhichofthefollowingaboutKepler-186fisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?______A.Itcouldhavewaterandpossiblelife,soperhapswemightlivethere.B.It’salmostashotasandaslargeasEarth.C.Inthefuture,scientistswillstudytheairofitbytelescope.D.It’sanEarth-likeplanet.50.Wecanprobablyreadthisarticlein_______.A.astorybookB.anewspaperC.atextbookD.asportmagazine51.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?_______A.Spaceresearch B.JourneytospaceC.IstherewaterandpossiblelifeinKepler-186f?D.Scientistsdiscovermostearth-likeplanet.C【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家通过开普勒望远镜发现了一颗类似地球行星，它被命名为开普勒186f,它位于距离地球500光年，围绕它的恒星旋转，这个行星距离既不远也不近，正好能从它的星星上得到水，所以科学家猜测上面可能有生命。到目前位置，科学家已经在宇宙里发现将近1800颗行星，而开普勒186f是第一颗和地球有同样的温度型号大小一样的行星。48.C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：现在研究已经发现大约______颗行星？根据文中倒数第二段句子Sofar,scientistshavefoundnearly1800planetsintheuniverse.可知到目前为止，已经发现了大约1800课行星。故选C。49.C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据短文关于开普勒186f的描述哪个句子是错误的。A是正确的，根据文章第一段句子“Soitcouldhavewaterandpossiblelife.”可以判断；B是正确的，根据句子“……thatisthesametemperatureandisalmostthesamesizeasEarth.”可以判断；C文章没有提到；D是正确的，从文章来看开普勒186f是一颗类似地球的行星。故选C。50．B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：我们可能在_______看到这篇文章。整篇文章讲的是科学家的最新发现，所以说我们可能在报纸上看到。故选B。51.D【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：文章最好的题目是什么？从这篇短文的描述来看，文章重点讲述了科学家发现了一颗最类似地球的行星。故选D。D【2014山东潍坊】Whyisthatsomepeoplelivetobeoverahundred,whilemostofusdiemuchsooner?Well,ifyourparentsandgrandparentslivedalongtime,youhaveagoodchanceoflivingalongtime,too.HowlongyoulivealsodependsonwhereyoulivesinacityinAustraliawillprobablylivelongerthanapersonwholivesinapoorpartofAfricaWehaveoncontroloverourpastrelatives,andmostpeoplehavelittlecontroloverwheretheylive.So,whatcanyoudotoaddmoreyearstoyourlife?Youcanmakehealthychoicethatmeanseatinghealthyfoodsandgettingenoughexercise.Bingoverweightmaymakeyourlifeshorterbecauseyouhaveahigherchancetohavehealthproblems.Asaresult,youcanstartbychangingwhatbychangingwhatyoueat.Eatlessredmeat.Insteadeatchickenorfish.Fishisreallygoodforhelpingyoulivealongerlife.Youshouldalsoeatlotsofthevitaminsyouaregettingallofthevitaminsyouneed.And,ofcourse,donoteattoomuchjunktherefood.Youalsoneedtogetenoughexercise.Therearedifferenttypesofexercise.Someexerciseisgoodforheart.Othertypesofexercisearegoodformakingyoustrong.Liftingweightsisagoodexample.Youshouldtrytoexerciseforaboutthirtyminuteseveryday.Youshouldtakecareofyourbody,alsoyouhavetotakecareofyourmind.Don'tworktoohard.Trytorelaxanddosomethingfuneachday.Ifyoufollowtheserules,youhaveagoodchanceoflivingalongtime.52.Howdoyouexplain“toaddmoreyearstoyourlife”inparagraph2?___________A.Tolivelonger.B.Toliveshorter. C.Tolivebetter.D.Toliveworse.53.Inthewriter'sopinion，liftingweightsisgoodexercise___________.A.toourheart B.toourmindC.tomakeusstrong D.tomakeusrelax54.AccordingtothepassagealongerlifehasnothingtodowithA.one'spastrelatives B.one'sknowledgeC.one'slivingplaces D.waysoflife55.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtogetmoreexercise. B.Howtotakecareofyourmind.C.Howtolivelonger. D.Howtoeatbetter.D【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了什么样的人才能更长寿。提到了影响人们寿命的主要因素有：遗传、饮食健康、锻炼以及不能工作太累。只有这样做，才有机会活得更久一些。52.C【解析】差异猜测题。题干意为：如何解释第二段中“toaddmoreyearstoyourlife.”根据第二段可知我们不能控制我们的亲属，但是我们可以通吃健康的饮食和锻炼来延长生命。所以说这句话的意思是“活得更久一些”。故选A。53.C【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：在作者的观点里，提升重量是一种______锻炼。根据文章第四段句子“Othertypesofexercisearegoodformakingyoustrong.”可知提升重量是一种使人们强壮的锻炼。故选C。54.B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据短文，一个更长久的生命和_____无关。从整篇文章来看提到了影响人们寿命的因素有遗传、饮食、锻炼以及不能工作太累。文章没有提到知识能影响人们的寿命。所以选B。55.C【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为文章主要关于什么？从整篇文章来看，文章重点讲解了如何长寿。所以选C。五、词汇应用(共12题；每小题1分，满分12分)阅读下面的短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。Itisreportedthatalawhasbeenapproved(通过)inSpain.Spanishchildrenmaysoon1(require)tohelpoutwithhouseworkbylaw.Thelawwouldbepartofawiderchildprotection,andchildrenundertheageof18haveto2(join)inallareasoffamilylife.That3(include)houseworkandotherworkinthefamily.Therulescomeunderaseonofthelaw4(call)“therightsanddutiesofchildren”.Alongwith5(do)housework,childrenwouldalsohavetoberespectfultotheirparentsandteachers,andwoulddo6(well)intheirstudiesthanbefore.Butthelawdoesn'tsayanythingaboutpunishmentforchildrenwhodon'tobeythelaw.MarriedSpanishmencanalsofacepunishmentsforrefusing7(do)housework-requiringmentoshareinhouseholdduties,andthecareofchildrenandelderlyfamilymembers.Childrenshouldlearntododifferent8(kind)ofhouseworkatdifferentages,butitisalmost9(possible)forChinesechildren.Theyseemtoavoidsuch10(usually)houseworkatsimilarages，becausetheirfamilies11(protect)themtoomuchsincetheywereborn.Childrenshouldrealizethattheyarepartofthefamiliesandhaveresponsibilities(责任)ontakingcareof12(they)andthefamilymembers.【主旨大意】文章主要介绍了西班牙国会通过了一项法律草案，要求儿童在家必须做家务。草案如果正式通过，孩子不做家务将属违法。已婚男子也必须做家务，否则也会受到惩罚。并同中国的情况进行了比较。1.berequired【解析】根据本句中的关键词bylaw可知西班牙的儿童可能很快被需要做家务。2.join【解析】haveto后面要加动词原形。3.includes【解析】句意：那包括家务活和家里的其他工作。主语为that，所以动词要用第三人称单数。4.called【解析】根据后面的名字，可知此处用过去分词called做后置定语。5.doing【解析】介词with后面要用动名词形式。6.better【解析】根据本句中的关键词than可知句子应该用比较级。7.todo【解析】refusetodosth.意为“拒绝做某事”。8.kinds【解析】句意：儿童在不同的年龄应该做不同的家务活。differentkindsof意为“不同种类的”。9.impossible【解析】根据本句中的关键词but可知对中国还是几乎是不可能的。10.usual【解析】根据本句中的关键词housework可知应该用形容词来修饰。11.hasprotected【解析】根据本句中的关键词since可知主句应该用现在完成时。12.themselves【解析】句意：孩子应该意识到他们是家庭中的一员，并且他们有责任照顾他们自己和家庭成员。六、翻译句子(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)将下列句子译成英语，用上括号内所给的词或短语。1.中国以其悠久历史而闻名。(befamousfor)__________________________________________________________2.你现在应该戒烟了。(giveup)__________________________________________________________3.这个熬事发生在2012年。(takeplace)__________________________________________________________4.王先生总是鼓励我们课堂上说英语。(encourage)__________________________________________________________1.Chinaisfamousforitslonghistory.【解析】befamousfor意为“以……而闻名”，history是不可数名词。2.Youshouldgiveupsmokingnow.【解析】giveup后面加动名词形式。3.Thisstorytookplacein2012.【解析】时间状语是2012年，表示过去，故动词take需要用其过去式。4.Mr.WangalwaysencouragesustospeakEnglishintheclass.【解析】鼓励某人做某事表达为：encouragesb.todosth.【2014山东潍坊】七、阅读表达(.共5小题;每小题.2分，满分10分)“ABiteofChina”isthenameofaTVprogramonCCTV-1andCCTV-9.It'smadebyourbestdirectors,threeofwhomhavewoninternationalprize.Itbegan2yearsago,showingtraditionalspecialtydishesindifferentplacesofChina.It'scausingaspendingstorm.Andmoreimportantly,itoffersyourichknowledgeofgeography,historyandculturewhenChineseeat.Theprogramshowsusbeautifulandperfectwaysoffood-making.Andit’snot________aboutdishes,italsogetspeoplefromdifferentplacestotellstoriesabouttheirexperiencewithfood.AstheprogramservesasawindowallowingtheworldtobetterunderstandChina,theywanttohelppeopleallovertheworldenjoythebeautyofChinesefood,andlearnChinesecustomsandsocialrealities(现实)aswell.TheTVprogramisverypopularamongpeoplebothathomeandabroad.Aftertheprogram,manyChineserestaurantshaveincreasedinbusiness.Visitorshavecomealongwaytoenjoythefoodmentionedintheprogram.Theprogramalsohelpspeopletospeakabouttheirfoodsafety.GaoYa，aChinesewholivesinGermany,wrote“Thetastesofhome,memoriesofchildhood,joysofworkanddreamoflife,Iwasmovedbyeachsimplestory.Andthismademesadderbecausewearelosingalotoftheseknowledge.Thosetraditionalwaysofactivitiesaredyingoutbecauseofthemodemlife.”1.HowdoestheprogramgettheworldtobetterunderstandChina?(根据短文内容回答问题)________________________________________________________________________2.FillintheblankinParagraph2withoneword.（根据对文章的理解，在第二段空白处填人一个适当的单词)________________________________________________________________________3.WhydoesGaoYafeelsadwhenshewatchestheprogram?(根据短文内容回答向题)________________________________________________________________________4.Pleasedescribewhattheprogramshowsus,usingtwosentences.(请用两句英语描述电视系列片“AB