2019新人教版高中英语必修二Unit 1词汇表

PAGEPAGE212019新人教版高中英语必修二Unit1词汇表（含教材例句及用法讲解）本词汇表主要特色：呈现教材原文例句，重视词汇在语境中的运用。词汇用法讲解紧扣新课标和新考纲，深度和广度适中，条理清晰，系统完整。精选高考真题例句、词典例句和时文例句，例句具有典型性和示范性。展示高考真题，揭示高考命题角度和思路。适合高一学生同步使用以及高三学生总复习使用。Book2 Unit11.heritage /'herɪtɪdʒ/ n.遗产（指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色）Heritageisourlegacyfromthepast,whatwelivewithtoday,andwhatwepassontofuture文化遗产是过去人们所创造，由现代人类继承并传之后世（P1）2.creatively /kri'eɪtɪvli/ adv.创造性地；有创造力地StudentsfromdifferentcountriesareworkingcreativelytoprotectatempleinChina.家的学生正创造性地保护中国的一个寺庙（P2）3.creative /kri'eɪtɪv/adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的She'sverycreative─shewritespoetryandpaints.她极富创造力，既赋诗又作画。Likesomanycreativepeoplehewasneversatisfied.像许多富于创造力的人一样，他从不满足。creativethinking创造性思维【拓展】create /kriˈeɪt/vt. 创造；创作；产生Wethinkthatallmenarecreatedequal.我们认为人人生而平等。Scientistsdisagreeabouthowtheuniversewascreated.科学家对宇宙是怎样形成的有分歧。Themainpurposeofindustryistocreatewealth.工业的主要宗旨是创造财富。Thegovernmentplanstocreatemorejobsforyoungpeople.政府计划为年轻人创造更多的就业机会。creaturen.[C];人strangecreaturesfromouterspace来自外层空间的怪物She'scharming,asweetcreature.她很迷人，是个可人儿。4.temple/'templ/n.庙；寺

自不同国Thereusedtobeanoldtempleonthetopofthehill.山顶上曾经有一座旧庙。TheTempleofHeavenisatouristattractioninBeijing.天坛是北京的一个观光热点.Formanyyears,historiansbelievedStonehengewasatemplewhereancientleaderstriedtocommunicatewiththegods.许多年以来，历史学家们认为巨石阵是古代首领用来与神灵沟通的一座神庙。relic/'relik/n.遗物；遗迹YouthsfromsevencountriesareworkingtogethertoprotectculturalrelicsonMountTai.来自七个国家的年轻人一起工作保护泰山的文物（P2）Doesaculturalrelicalwayshavetoberareandvaluable?文物必须是稀有且珍贵吗？IsitworthrebuildinglostculturalrelicssuchasYuanmingyuaninBeijing?像北京的圆明园这样的遗失的文化遗址值得重建吗？mount/maʊnt/◎n.山峰MountTai泰山◎vt.爬上；骑上vi.爬；登上Sheslowlymountedthesteps.她慢慢地爬上台阶。【拓展】（1【拓展】（1）mountain/'maʊntn/n.高山Itookawrongturnandwegotlostinthemountains.我拐错了弯，我们便在山里迷了路。Finallyagodwassomovedthathesenttwogodstotakethemountainaway.最后，一位神仙如此感动，他派了两位神仙把山挪走了。（2）mountainous/ˈmaʊntənəs/adj.多山的；山一般的Havingsettledinthebeautifulmountainousvillage,hesettleddowntohisresearch．在美丽的山村安顿下来后，他专心进行他的研究。Thispartofthecountryisverymountainous.这个国家的这一地区山多.Theplanisdesignedtoreducesomeofthecompany'smountainousdebt.该计划旨在减少公司堆积如山的债务。rɔmə/adj.（两者中）前者的Bystudyingoldphotosoftheformerpalace,theyhavemadethenewonelookexactlyliketheoldone.通过研究以前的宫殿的旧照片，他们是新的看上去和旧的一样（P2）theformerworldchampion前世界冠军myformerboss/colleague/wife过去的老板/同事/前妻theformer…（两者中）前者（常用于结构：theformer…thelatter…前者……，后者……）Ofthetwoopinions,thelatterisbetterthantheformer.这两种意见中后者比前者好。LucyandLiIyaretwins.Theformerisamodel;thelatterisateacher.露西和莉莉是双胞胎。前者是一名模特，后者是一名老师。clue /klu:/n.线索；提示Practiseusingcontextcluestoguessthemeaningofnewwords.练习用上下文线索猜测词义（P2）Thisgavehimavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthedisease.这提供了一条说明疾病起因的很有价值的线索。preserve/prɪˈzɜ:v/◎vt.保存；保护；维持ThepurposeofthecampistopreserveMountTaibyintroducingittoyoungpeopleinafunandeasyway.这个青年营的目的是保护泰山，用简单有趣的方式把它介绍给年轻人（P3）Effortstopreservethepeacehavefailed.维护和平的努力失败了。Thisvasehasbeenpreservedwell.这个花瓶保存得完好无损。These18th-centuryoilpaintingsarepreservedsowellthatthevisitorsaregreatlyamazed.这些十八世纪的油画保存得这么好，使参观者大为惊叹。preserve...from...=protect...from...保护……免受...Weneedtopreservetheforestfromdamage.我们需要保护森林。◎n.保护区Etoshaisoneoftheworld'sgreatestwildlifepreserves.伊托沙是世界上最大的野生动物保护区之一。Youcanevenseebeautifulbaldeaglesintheworld'slargestbaldeaglepreserve.你甚至可以在世界上最大的秃鹰保护区欣赏到美丽的秃鹰。【拓展】preservation/ˌprezəˈveɪʃn/n.[U]保护；维护；保存building/environmental/foodpreservation筑物的保养/环境保护/食物的保藏Thepaintingswereinanexcellentstateofpreservation.cypress/ˈsaɪprəs/n.柏树

些绘画保存得非常好。app/æp/n.应用程序；应用软件（application的缩略形式）InternationalYouthCampMembersCreateMountTaiApp国际青年营成员开发了泰山应用软件（P3）ne/.申请（表；用途；运用；应用（程序）IwonderwhenI'llbeinformedaboutmyapplicationforthejob.我想知道什么时候才能通知工作是否被录用。Theapplicationformisimportant.Sitdownandwriteitoutproperly.申请表十分重要，坐下来好好填写。Sincethe1970smanynewapplicationshavebeenfoundforme.从二十世纪七十年代起，我又被开发出了很多新的用途。Wehavelearnedtheapplicationofnewtechnologytoteaching.我们学会了将新技术应用于教学上。SendafullCVwithyourjobapplication.寄上求职申请书和详尽的个人履历。anapplicationletter/form申请信/申请表【拓展】apply /əˈplaɪ/◎vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用Heslowedthebleedingbyapplyingpressuretothewoundsuntilthepoliceandambulancearrived.他使劲按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。Sheappliedthecreamtoherfaceandneck.她把乳霜抹在脸和脖子上。◎vi.申请；请求Tostudyabroad,youshouldapplyforapassportfirst.要出国留学，你应该先申请护照。applicant /ˈæplɪkənt/ n.[C]申请人；求职人；请求者Therewereover500applicantsforthe有500多人申请这份工作。etn 参与（某事；参加（某活动）AgroupofhighschoolstudentswhoaretakingpartinaninternationalyouthcampatMountTai参加泰山国际青年会的一群高中生正arecreatinganappaboutChina'smostfamousmountain.参加泰山国际青年会的一群高中生正在创建一个关于中国最著名的山的应用应用软件（P3）Youcantakepartinallkindsofafter-classactivities.你可以参加各种课外活动。Attheendofeveryterm,thestudentshavetotakepartinaseriesofexams.每到期末，学生们都不得不参加一连串的考试。HowmanycountrieswilltakepartintheWorldCup?有多少国家要参加世界杯赛？takeanactivepartin积极参加Shetakesanactivepartinlocalpolitics.她积极参与地方政治活动。【辨析】takepartin，attend，join和joinin1.takepartin1.takepartin多指参加群体性的活动，侧重于主语参加该活动并在其中发挥一定的作用。HowmanycountriestookpartinthelastOlympicGames?有多少国家参加了上届奥运会？2.attend一般指参加或出席会议、典礼、招待会等，也可指上学、上课、听演讲或讲座等。Shedidn'tattendherclassesyesterday．她昨天没去上学。join通常指加入“组织，团体”或“某些人”中，并成为其中的一员；也可指加入到某些人中，一起做活动，即joinsb．in（doing）sth.。Hejoinedthefootballclubtwoyearsago．两年前他加入了足球俱乐部。Willyoujoinusinthegame?和我们一起做游戏好吗？joinintakepartin一样，指参加某一活动,takepartin稍正式些。joinin也可作不及物动词短语，其后不跟宾语。Ihopeyou'llalljoininthediscussion。我希望你们都参加讨论。Noothercountriescouldjoinin,norcouldslavesorwomen!别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加。givewayto 让步；屈服；让路Therecomesatimewhentheoldmustgivewaytothenew,anditisnotpossibletopreserveeverythingfromourpastaswemovetowardsthefuture. 未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来（P4）Afteralongargument,wedidn'tgivewaytoeachother.Finally,shebrokeupwithme.经过长时间的争论后，我们彼此都没有作出让步，最后，她和我分手了。Excuseme,pleasegivewaytothepassengersbehindyou.请原谅，请给您后面的乘客让路好么。balance/ˈbæləns/◎n.平衡；均衡Findingandkeepingtherightbalancebetweenprogressandtheprotectionofculturalsitescanbeabigchallenge.在进步与文化遗址保护之间寻找并保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑（P4）keepthebalance(betweenAandB)保持(A和B之间的)平衡Trytokeepabalancebetweenworkandrelaxation.loseone’sbalance失去平衡

量保持工作与休闲均衡。Shecycledroundthecorner,lostherbalanceandfelloff.她骑车拐弯时失去平衡，摔了下来。◎vt.使平衡Hebalancedafootballonhishead.他将一只足球稳稳地顶在头上。Shetriestobalancehomelifeandcareer.她力图兼顾家庭生活和事业。【拓展】balanced /ˈbælənst/adj. 平稳的，平衡的abalanceddiet均衡饮食Theprogrammepresentedabalancedviewofthetwosidesoftheconflict.节目公平地反映了冲突双方的情况。leadto导致Bigchallenges,however,cansometimesleadtogreatsolutions.（P4）Buttheproposalledtoprotests.（P4）Lackofexercisecanleadtofeelingsofdepressionandexhaustion.缺乏锻炼会导致抑郁和疲劳。AllroadsleadtoRome．条条道路通罗马。dam /dæm/ n.水坝；拦河坝Inthe1950s,theEgyptiangovernmentwantedtobuildanewdamacrosstheNileinordertocontrolfloods,produceelectricity,andsupplywatertomorefarmersinthearea.2050（P4）proposal /prəˈpəʊzl/n.提议；建议Buttheproposalledtoprotests.但是该提议引发了抗议。（P4）makeaproposal提出建议Hemadeaproposaltobuildanewbridge.他提出修一座新桥的建议。【拓展】propose/prəˈpəʊz/ vt. 提议，建议Iproposeanearlystarttomorrow.我建议明天早早出发。proposedoingsth. 提议做某事Peopleproposedinvestigatingthecasecarefully.人们建议仔细调查这件事。Heproposedchangingthenameofthe他建议更改公司的名称。proposethat...(should)dosth. 提议做某事Iproposethatwe(should)holdameetingtodiscussthis.我建议我们开会讨论这件事。【注意】+d常可省略。Heproposedthatthey(should)changethenameofthecompany.=Hemadeaproposalthatthey(should)changethenameofthecompany.他建议他们更改公司的名称。19.protest◎/ˈprəʊtest/n.抗议Thebuildingworkwillgoahead,despiteprotestsfromlocalresidents.尽管当地居民反对，建筑工程将照样进行。againststh反对某事Theworkersstagedaprotestagainsttheproposedchangesintheircontracts.工人们进行抗议，反对拟议中的对他们合同的修改。◎/prə'test/ vi&vt.（公开）反对；抗议about/against/atsth反对某事Studentstooktothestreetstoprotestagainstthedecision.学生们走上街头，抗议这项决定。likely/ˈlaɪkli/◎adj.可能的;有希望的(反义词unlikely)belikelytodosth可能做…WaterfromthedamwouldlikelydamageanumberoftemplesanddestroyculturalrelicsthatwereanimportantpartofEgypsculturalheritage.埃及文化遗产中重要的文物（P4）Unemploymentislikelytogoonrisingthisyear今年的失业人数可能会继续上升。ItisikelyIthinkitislikelythathewillarrivetomorrow.我想他很可能明天到达。Itislikelythatitwillclearuptomorrow.很可能明天天气会转晴。◎adv.可能；或许Profitwillmostlikelyhaverisenbyabout£25million.利润极可能增加2,500万英镑左右。【辨析】likely,possible,和probable从可能性大小来看：从可能性大小来看：likelyprobablepossible从搭配来看：likely用作形容词，用于以下两个句型：①sb./sthbelikelytodosth.②It’slikelythat从句Sheislikelytowinthematch.=It’slikelythatshewillwinthematch.她可能赢得这场比赛。possible用于以下两个句型：①It’spossible(forsb.)todosth.②It’spossiblethat从句.It’spossibleforhimtosolvetheproblem.=It’spossiblethathewillsolvetheproblem.他或许能解决那个问题。probable只用于下列一个句型：It’sprobablethat从句.It’sprobablethathewillarrivebeforedusk.他很可能黄昏前到达。turnto①向……求助Afterlisteningtothescientistswhohadstudiedtheproblem,andcitizenswholivednearthedam,thegovernmentturnedtotheUnitedNationsforhelpin1959.以及住在大坝附近的居民的意见后，政府于1959（P4）Whenallhismoneyhadbeenusedup,Peterhadtoturntoafriendforhelp.当他的钱全都用光时，彼得只好转而求助于一个朋友。Ifyouareintrouble，pleaseturntome．如果你有麻烦，请找我。②转向Asthepublictransportsystemcan'tsatisfypeople'sneeds,manypeopleturntoprivatecars.因为公共交通系统不能满足人们的需求，许多人转向了私家车。Ifyouturntotheleft,youwillfindthepathleadingtothepark.如果转向左边，你将找到通向公园的小道。③变成Solidsturntoliquidsatcertaintemperatures.在特定温度下固体会变成液体。④翻书到Where'syourbook?TakeitoutandturntoPage4.你的书呢？拿出来，翻到第4页。committee//n.委员会AcommitteewasestablishedtolimitdamagetotheEgyptianbuildingsandpreventthelossofculturalrelics.委员会成立了，旨在减少对那些建筑物的破坏，并防止文物损失（P4）Shehasrecentlybeenappointedtothe她最近获委为委员会成员。Thecommitteehasdecidedtoclosetherestaurant.委员会已决定关闭这家餐馆。establish/ɪˈstæblɪʃ/vt.建立；创立Thecommitteewasestablishedin1912（P4）Theschoolhasestablishedasuccessfulrelationshipwiththelocalcommunity.这所学校与当地社区建立了良好的关系。Let'sestablishsomeachievablegoalsfirst.让我们先订下一些可达到的目标。Thecompanyestablisheditselffirmlyinbusiness.这家公司已在商界牢固地确立了自己的地位。HeHehasestablishedhistheory.他确立了他的学说。【拓展】established/ɪˈstæblɪʃt/adj.;;公认的awell-establishedfirm久享盛誉的商行Heisnowwellestablishedinhiscareer.他现在已经在事业上稳住了根基。establishment/ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/n.;创立Thecommitteewillworktowardtheestablishmentofaschoolforthevillagers.该委员会将为村民建立一所学校而努力。Theestablishmentofthecompanytookoneyear.公司的建立花了一年时间。limit/ˈlɪmɪt/◎n.限度；限制atime/speed/agelimit时间/速度/年龄限制Thehighestspeedlimitonthefreewayis120kmanhour.高速公路最高限速每小时120公里。TheEUhassetstrictlimitsonlevelsofpollution.欧盟对污染程度作了严格的限制。Youcan'tdrive─you'reoverthelimit.你饮酒过量，不能驾车。withoutlimit 无限制地◎vt.限制；限定Wehavetakenmeasurestolimitcarbondioxideemissionsfromcars.我们已经采取措施来限制汽车二氧化碳的排放。limit..to 将……限制在I'velimitedmyselfto1000caloriesadaytotryandloseweight.我为了试着减肥，限定自己每天摄入1000卡的热量。Theteacherlimitedherspeechtotenminutes.老师把讲话限制在十分钟内。【拓展】limitation/ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃn/n.限制；局限性Allthetalkhadbeenaboutthelimitationofnuclearweapons.谈话都是围绕着限制核武器进行的。Thistechniqueisusefulbutithasitslimitations.这种技术实用，但也有局限性。limited/ˈlɪmɪtɪd/adj.有限的Theyhadplannedtoturntheclubintoalimitedcompany.他们计划把这个俱乐部变成一个有限公司。prevent /prɪˈvent/vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠Theaccidentcouldhavebeenprevented.这次事故本来是可以防止的。Thetestquestionsarekeptsecretsoastopreventcheating.考试题保密以防作弊.prevent…fromdoing…阻止；不准Nothingcanpreventusfromwinningnow我们获胜了。Furthertreatmentwillpreventcancerfromdeveloping癌症恶化。Wemustpreventtheriverfrombeingpolluted.我们必须阻止河流被污染。loss /lɒs/n.遗失；丧失；损失Iwanttoreportthelossofapackage.我要报告丢失了一个包裹。Thelossofhopeisturningouttobeastrongersignthatapersonmaycommitsuicidethanotherfactors.失去希望成为一个人自杀的更重要的因素。Shesaidhisdeathwasagreatlosstoherself.她说他的死对自己来说是巨大的损失。ataloss不知所措；困惑Heisalwaysatalosswhattosayinfrontofstrangers．他在陌生人面前总是不知要说什么。asenseofloss失落感makealoss亏损suffer(great)losses遭受（重大）损失makeupfortheloss弥补损失【拓展】lose /lu:z/vt.(lost,lost,losing)I'velostmykeys.我把钥匙丢了。Atthatmomenthelosthisbalanceandfell.他在那一瞬间失去平衡摔倒了。toloseagame/arace/anelection/abattle/awar输掉比赛/赛跑/选举/战役/战争lost /lɒst/adj. ;;不知所措的Mypenislost. 我钢笔丢了。Itookawrongturnandwegotlostinthemountains.我拐错了弯，我们便在山里迷了路。Ifeellostandlonelyinastrangetown.在陌生的城镇里，我感到不知所措、孤单寂寞。contribution /kɒntrɪ'bjuːʃn/n.捐款；捐赠；贡献Thegroupaskedforcontributionsfromdifferentdepartmentsandraisedfundswithininternationalcommunity.委员会要求各部门捐款，并在国际社会筹集资金（P4）Allcontributionswillbegratefullyreceived.我们对所有捐资表示感谢。TheChinesepeoplemakeagreatcontributiontomankind.中国人对人类有巨大的贡献。Differentteachersmakedifferentcontributionstoastudent'sgrowth.不同的教师在学生的成长过程中起到不同的作用。contribute/kən'trɪbjuːt/vi&vt.捐献；捐助；投稿Itwasgenerousofhertocontributesuchalargesum.她很大方，捐助了这么大笔钱。Wecontributedalotofmoneytothehomelesssurvivorsoftheearthquake.；增进我们向无家可归的地震幸存者捐献了一笔钱。；增进contributeto Wouldyouliketocontributetoourcollection?Itisanhonourtobeinvitedtocontributetoyourmagazine.应邀向贵杂志投稿是一个荣誉。Itisanhonourtobeinvitedtocontributetoyourmagazine.应邀向贵杂志投稿是一个荣誉。Thisbookcontributestoourunderstandingofthesubject.此书有助于我们了解这门学科。【拓展】contributor/kən'trɪbjʊtə/n.捐款人；投稿者Mrs.Smithisagenerouscontributor.史密斯夫人是位慷慨的捐助者.Heisaregularcontributortochildren'smagazines.他经常为儿童刊物写稿.department /dɪˈpɑːtmənt/n.部；司；科theEducationDepartment教育部theInternationalNewsDepartment国际新闻编辑部Theinformationwaspassedontoanothergovernmentdepartment.该信息被传达给另一政府部门。Somesubjects,suchasmathematice,physicsandEnglish,arecompulsoryforthestudentsinthisdepartment.有些课程，比如数学、物理和英语，本系学生都是必修的。fund/fʌnd/n.基金；专款WorldWildlifeFund世界野生生物基金会theInternationalMonetaryFund国际货币基金组织Theprojecthasbeencancelledbecauseoflackoffunds.这个项目因缺乏资金已经撤销。TheconcertwillraisefundsforresearchintoAids.这场音乐会将为艾滋病研究筹款。30.within/wɪˈðɪn/prep.&adv.在（某段时间、距离或范围）之内Youshouldreceiveareplywithinsevendays.你会在七天之内收到答复。Isitwithinwalkingdistance?那里步行走得到吗？Hefindsithardtolivewithinhisincome.他觉得靠自己的收入生活难以为继。investigate/ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/vi&vt.调查；研究Expertsinvestigatedtheissue,conductedseveraltests,andthenmadeaproposalforhowthebuildingscouldbesaved. 这些建筑物提出了建议（P4）Policearestillinvestigatinghowtheaccidenthappened.警方仍然在调查事故的起因。Scientistsareinvestigatingtheeffectsofdietonfightingcancer.科学家正在研究饮食的抗癌作用。Weshouldnotjumptoconclusions.Let'sinvestigatefirst.我们不应草率下结论，还是先调查一下吧。【拓展】investigation/ɪnˌvestɪˈgeɪʃn/ n.调查Thefactwasestablishedafterinvestigation.Thefactwasestablishedafterinvestigation.审查属实。Hehadmadeathoroughinvestigation.Nowonderheknewsomuchaboutit.他对此事做了彻底的调查，怪不得他了解得那么多。Thecauseofthecrashwasunderinvestigation.事故原因正在调查中。issue/ˈɪʃuː/◎n.①重要议题；争论的问题Thisisabigissue;weneedmoretimetothinkaboutit.Thisisabigissue;weneedmoretimetothinkaboutit.这是个重大问题，我们需要花较多的时间考虑。Theissuehascausedheatedpoliticalargument.这个问题已经引发了激烈的政治争论。Sheusuallywritesaboutenvironmentalissues.她通常写环境方面的题材。②（报刊的）期，号;发行Thearticleappearedinissue25期。Iboughtasetofthenewstampsonthedateofissue.我在新邮票发行的当天就买了一套。.（正式）发给警方发出了寻找目击证人的呼吁。toissuepassports/visas/tickets警方发出了寻找目击证人的呼吁。toissuepassports/visas/tickets发护照/签证/票Theyissuedaspecialsetofstampstomarktheoccasion.他们特别发行了一套纪念邮票。conduct◎/ˈkɒndʌkt/n.行为；举止；管理办法Areyouashamedofyourconduct?你对自己的行为感到害臊吗？Severalcollegesinourstudyhavestrictrulesaboutstudentconduct.在我们的研究中，有几所大学制定了严格的学生行为规则。◎/'kənˈdʌkt/vt.组织；安排；带领toconductanexperiment/aninquiry/asurveytoconductanexperiment/aninquiry/asurvey进行实验/询问/调查AccordingtoasurveyonreadingconductedbytheU.S.NationalEducationAssociation(NEA),youngAmericanssayreadingisimportant—moreimportantthancomputersandscience.Waterconductsheatfasterthanair.水的导热速度比空气快。Theguideconductedusaroundtheruinsoftheancientcity.Waterconductsheatfasterthanair.水的导热速度比空气快。Theguideconductedusaroundtheruinsoftheancientcity.导游引导我们游览了古城遗迹。document /ˈdɒkjumənt/.（计算机）文档Finally,adocumentwassignedandtheworkbeginin1960.1960（P4）BecauseIhadspentallnightreadingdocuments,Iwasverytiredthenextday. 因为我一整晚都在读文件，所以第二天很累。traveldocuments旅行证件Whenyouarefinishedtyping,remembertosaveyourdocument.完成录入后，记得将文档存盘。◎vt.记录；记载（详情）Causesofthediseasehavebeenwelldocumented.这种疾病的起因已有完备的记载。Theparentsdocumentedeverystepoftheirchild'sdevelopment.父母记录下他们孩子成长的每一步。donate/dəʊˈneɪt/vt.（尤指向慈善机构）捐赠；赠送；献（血）Wouldyouliketodonateanunusualgift?Wouldyouliketodonateanunusualgift?你愿意捐一份特殊的礼物吗？Nowsomepeopleagreetodonatetheirorgansaftertheydie.现在一些人同意死后捐献器官。Ithinkit'sallourdutytodonateblood.我认为献血是我们每个人的义务。donate...to...向……捐赠……Fiftycountriesdonatednearly$80milliontotheproject.五十个国家为该项目捐款近8000万美元。（P4）Lastyear,BuffetalsodecidedtoLastyear,Buffetalsodecidedtodonatemostofhisfortunetocharity.去年，巴菲特也决定将他大部分的财产捐献给慈善事业。TheyusedtodonatelargesumofmoneytotheRedCrosseveryyear.他们过去每年都向红十字会捐献大笔的钱。Thewealthybusinessmandonatedsomecomputerstothecollege.有钱的商人给学院捐赠了电脑。donationdonation/dəʊˈneɪʃn/ n.;;赠送Employeesmakeregulardonationstocharity.员工定期向慈善机构捐赠。Hereceivedaletterofthanksforhisdonationofbookstothelibrary.他收到一封感谢信，感谢他捐书给图书馆。Doyouhavetheexperienceofblooddonation?你有没献血的经历？disappear/ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r)/vi.消失；灭绝；消亡PerhapsthebestexampleisshownbyUNESCO,whichrunsaprogrammethatpreventsworldculturalheritagesitesaroundtheworldfromdisappearing.组织，它开展了一项防止世界各地世界文化遗产消失的计划（P4）Whythedinosaurssuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery.恐龙为什么会突然灭绝至今仍是个谜。Theroaddisappearedunderablanketofsnow.路被积雪盖住了。【拓展】disappearance /ˌdɪsə'pɪərəns/ n.消失；失踪；灭绝Thedisappearanceofmanyspeciesofplantsandanimalsworriedmanyscientists.许多动植物物种的消失令许多科学家担心。章莹颖，伊利诺伊大学中国访问学者的失踪引起了公众对在美国留学生的安全的关注。37.attempt /əˈtempt/章莹颖，伊利诺伊大学中国访问学者的失踪引起了公众对在美国留学生的安全的关注。37.attempt /əˈtempt/◎vt. 尝试；企图；试图WhydidtheEgyptiangovernmentwanttoattemptthebuildingofthedam?为什么埃及政府企图建这个大坝？（P5）Theprisonersattemptedanescape,butfailed.Theprisonersattemptedanescape,butfailed.囚犯企图逃跑，但失败了。Heattemptedtotakecontrolofthecompany.他试图掌控公司。Iwillattempttoanswerallyourquestions.我将努力回答你的全部问题。◎n. 努力；尝试；企图Ipassedmydrivingtestatthefirstattempt.我考汽车驾驶执照一次就通过了。Theproposalsareanattempttoridthecountryofpoliticalcorruption这些提议试图使这个国家摆脱政治腐败。Attemptsarebeingmadetosolvetheproblemofwastedisposal.正在想办法解决废物处理的问题。38.makesure确保；设法保证Wemustprotectthetemplesandmakesurethatnodamageisdone.我们必须保护这些寺庙，并确保没有造成损坏。（P5）Makesurethatyoungchildrencannotgetclosetopools.务必不要让小孩独自靠近池塘.【注意】makesure的宾语从句中通常用一般现在时表将来。Ifyoufindajob,makesureyouareemployedlegally.找工作时，确保你是合法雇用的。Wewilldoourbesttomakesureyouenjoyyourvisit.我们会竭尽全力确保您访问愉快。39.worthwhile/'wə:θ'wail/adj.值得做的；值得花时间的Alotofmoneywasspenttoprotectthetemples.Doyouthinkitwasworthwhile?Itisworthwhiledoingsth./todo干某事是值得的Itisworthwhilevisiting/tovisittheGreatWall.长城值得去旅游。【拓展】worthadj.…………钱的sthbeworthsth值得……；值……钱sthbeworthdoing值得做…..（只能用doing表被动意义）Themuseumisworthavisit.=Themuseumisworthvisiting.这个博物馆值得参观。worthyadj.应得的；值得的sthbeworthyofsth值得…sthbeworthyofbeingdone=sthbeworthytobedone值得做…..Themuseumisworthyofavisit.=Themuseumisworthyofbeingvisited.=Themuseumisworthytobevisited.这个博物馆值得参观。40.download /daʊn'ləʊd/◎vt.下载Ihavedownloadedthatfreeapp,butitdoesn'tworkwell.我下载了那个免费软件，但不好用（P6）Heusedtodownloadinformationfromtheinternetandmadegooduseofit.他过去常常从因特网上下载信息并充分利用它。I’mhappythatmy80-year-oldgrandmahaslearnedhowtodownloadfromtheInternet.我很高兴我80岁的奶奶学会了从网上如何下载。◎n.下载；已下载的数据资料Foryourconvenience,thisapplicationisalsoincludedwiththisarticleinadownloadfile.为了方便起见，本文在下载文件中还包含了此应用程序。【拓展】upload/ˌʌpˈləʊd/vt. 上传Itookthesephotosanduploadedthemtosomewebsites.我拍了这些照片，然后上传到网上。41.republic /rɪ'pʌblɪk/n.共和国ThePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949.中华人民共和国成立于一九四九年。professional /prəˈfeʃənl/◎adj.专业的；职业的WemetaprofessionalarchaeologistattheentrancetotheGreatPyramid. 我遇到了一个专业考古学家（P6）You'llhaveaprofessionalphotographerwithyoutotakephotographs.你们将带上一位专业摄影师去拍照。Thecompanyofferedmeanopportunityforprofessional.◎n.专业人员；职业选手

一个专业进修的机会Thiswasajobforarealprofessional.这是需要真正专家才能担任的工作。Hewasanamateurcyclistbeforethe1992OlympicGamesbutbecameaprofessionalafterhehadcompetedintheGames.在1992年奥运会之前他还只是一名业余车手，但是在参加奥运会比赛之后，他就成为一名专业车手了。【拓展】profession/prəˈfeʃn/ n. 职业；专业Shewasattheverytopofherprofession.她是她那个行业中的佼佼者。professor /prəˈfesə/ n.教授ahistoryprofessor历史教授archaeologist/ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒɪst/n. 考古学家ThearchaeologistwasgatheringnewevidenceontheBeijingman.这位考古学家正在搜集北京猿人的新资料。Thearchaeologistunearthedaburiedtreasurelastyear.去年，那位考古学家发掘了埋在地下的一个宝藏。【拓展】archaeology /ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒi/n.考古学Theboywasinterestedinarchaeologyandhemadeuphismindtobecomeanarchaeologist.小男孩对考古学感兴趣，他下定决心要做一个考古学家。entrance /'entrəns/n.入口；进入entrancetosth入口（处）theentrancetothemuseum博物馆入口处Tomysurprise,theentrancetotheminewasclosed.令我惊讶的是，矿井的入口被关闭了。anentrancefee入场费auniversityentranceexam大学入学考试Althoughhefailedinthisentranceexamination,hedidn'tloseheart.这次入学考试他虽名落孙山,但他并不气馁.【拓展】enter /ˈentə(r)/vt.进入；加入Knockbeforeyouentertheroom.进屋前先敲门。toenteraschool/college/university考入学校/学院/大学Severalnewfirmshavenowenteredthemarket.有几家新公司已打入市场。pyramid/ˈpɪrəmɪd/n.（古埃及的）金字塔；棱锥体WesetofftoseetheWesetofftoseethePyramidsandSphinx.我们出发去看金字塔和狮身人面像。Thisisafoodpyramid.这是一个食物金字塔。Theybuiltapyramidofleavesandtwigs.他们用树叶和枝条堆成一个棱锥体。46.process◎/ˈprəʊses/n.过程；进程；步骤Heexplainedtoustheprocessofbuildingsuchadifficultstructure. （P6）I'mafraidgettingthingschangedwillbeaslowprocess.I'mafraidgettingthingschangedwillbeaslowprocess.做任何改革恐怕都会是个缓慢的过程。Ithinklifeitselfisalearningprocess.我认为生活本身就是一个学习的过程。◎/prəˈses/vt.处理；加工MostofthefoodwebuyisprocessedinsomewayMostofthefoodwebuyisprocessedinsomeway.们买的大部分食品都用某种方法加工过。overseas/ˌəʊvəˈsiːz/◎adj.海外的overseasdevelopment/markets/trade海外发展/市场/贸易overseasstudents/visitors外国留学生/游客EveryyearninemillionoverseasvisitorscometoLondon.EveryyearninemillionoverseasvisitorscometoLondon.每年有900万外国游客来伦敦观光。Theoverseastradeshavebeendevelopingtheseyears.这些年对外贸易得到了发展。tolive/work/gooverseas在国外生活/工作；出国tolive/work/gooverseas在国外生活/工作；出国Theproductissoldbothathomeandoverseas.这个产品行销国内外。exit/'eksɪt/◎n.出口；通道；离开；退场Anexitisthedoorwhere/throughwhichyoucanleaveabuilding.出口是你可以离开建筑物的门口。（P6）Thereisafireexitoneachfloorofthebuilding.Thereisafireexitoneachfloorofthebuilding.这栋建筑每层楼都有个消防通道。Theemergencyexitisatthebackofthebus.紧急出口在公共汽车的尾部。GostraightthroughthatdoorundertheEXITsign.从“安全出口”标志下的那道门直穿过去。Leavethemotorwayatthenextexit.在下一个出口处驶离高速公路。◎vi.&vt.出去；离去Weexitedthroughafiredoor.Weexitedthroughafiredoor.我们从防火安全门走了出去。Astheactorsexitedthestagethelightswenton.演员们退场时灯光便亮了起来。Iexitedthedatabaseandswitchedoffthe.退出数据库后关掉了计算机。t /ʃt/ . 一张（纸；床单；被单aclean/blanksheetofpaper一页白纸asheetofglass/steel/ice/一块玻璃/一张钢板/一层冰Onceaweek,amaidchangesthesheets.Onceaweek,amaidchangesthesheets.女仆每星期换一次床单。parade/pəˈreɪd/◎n.游行；检阅WeheldagrandmilitaryparadeonNationalDayatTiananmenSquaretocelebratethe70thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.我们为庆祝新中国成立70周年在天安门广场进行国庆大阅兵。◎vi.游行庆祝；游行示威Thevictoriousteamwillparadethroughthecitytomorrowmorning.Thevictoriousteamwillparadethroughthecitytomorrowmorning.明天上午获胜队将在城内举行庆祝游行。mirror/'mɪrə(r)/n.镜子Helookedathimselfinthemirror.他照了照镜子。arear-viewmirror（车内的）后视镜awingmirror 装在车外侧面的后视aside-viewmirror侧视镜Mymothertoldmeagoodfriendislikeamirror.我妈妈告诉我，好朋友就像一面镜子。Thefaceisthemirrorofthesoul.脸是反映灵魂的镜子。Educationinanysocietyisamirrorofthatsociety.任何社会的教育都是反映该社会的一面镜子。roof/ru:f/n.顶部；屋顶Theroofsoftheclassroomsaremadeofgrass.教室的屋顶是用茅草盖的。Wecouldseethestarsthroughanopeningintheroof.我们从屋顶的小洞能看见星星。Theroofofthecarwasnotdamagedintheaccident.事故中，车顶没有遭到损坏。chiwen/'tʃəvən/n.鸱吻又叫鱼龙，鱼和龙的结合体，是古代传说龙生九子之“”““”来比喻科考，考中者即鱼化成龙）dragon /'dræɡən/n.龙TheGreatWallislikeadragon.长城像一条龙。dragonboatfestival龙舟节；端午节ChinesepeopleliketoeatzongziontheDragonBoatFestival.中国人喜欢在端午节吃粽子。forgive /fəˈɡɪv/（forgave；forgiven）◎vt.&vi.原谅；宽恕Youshouldforgiveandforget.Youshouldforgiveandforget.你应当不念旧恶。I'msurehe'llforgiveyou.我相信他会原谅你。forgivesbforsth/fordoingsth因（做）某事原谅某人I'llneverforgiveherforwhatshedid.我绝不会原谅她做的事。I'llneverforgiveyouforcheatingintheexam.我永远不会原谅你考试作弊。◎vt.对不起；请原谅Forgiveme,Idon'tmeantohurtyou.Forgiveme,Idon'tmeantohurtyou.请原谅，我并非有意伤害你。Forgivemeforinterrupting,butIreallydon'tagreewiththat.请原谅我打岔，不过我确实不同意那一点。forgivenessforgivenessn. 原谅；宽恕；宽宏大量HestoleabikeandprayedforGod'sforgiveness.他偷了一脸自行车，祈求上帝宽恕。Hebeggedforgivenessforwhathehaddone.他乞求饶恕他的所作所为。Loveisforgivenessandsacrifice.爱是对别人的宽容和牺牲。digital/dɪdʒɪt(ə)l/adj. 数码的；数字显示的PROMOTINGCULTURETHROUGHDIGITALIMAGES通过数码影像推广文化（P8）TheyarerecordingandcollectingdigitalimagesofculturalrelicsfromtheMogaoCaves,whichwereakeystopalongtheSilkRoadthroughoutChina’sancienthistory.他们正在记录和收集来自莫高窟文物的数字图像，莫高窟是中国古代历史上丝绸之路的一个重要站点（P8）adigitalcamera数码相机image/ˈɪmɪdʒ/n. 影像；图像HispublicimageisverydifferentfromtherealHispublicimageisverydifferentfromtherealperson.他在公众心目中的形象与他真实的本人截然不同。Theadvertisementsareintendedtoimprovethecompany'simage.这些广告旨在提高公司的形象。Shestaredatherimageinthemirror.她凝视着自己在镜子中的映像。Afewimagesgraduallyappearedonthecomputerscreenonebyone.一些图片一张接一张地逐渐出现在电脑屏幕上。cave/keɪv/n.山洞；洞穴Thereisonlyaduskylightinsidethecave.山洞中只能见到一丝昏暗的光线。Theroofofthecavedroppedontotheminers,trappingthem.洞穴的顶部坍了下来，砸在矿工身上，困住了他们。throughout/θru:'aut/ prep.各处；遍及；自始至终Guilinisknownthroughouttheworldforitsscen