2020届高考英语二轮复习常考题型大通关(全国卷)：阅读理解-科教科普类

1.Whichofthefollowingwordscanreplacetheunderlinedwordinthefirstparagraph?1.Whichofthefollowingwordscanreplacetheunderlinedwordinthefirstparagraph?、Alargemaleemperorpenguinwaddles（蹒跚行走）slowlyacrosstheicetothewater.Hedivesdeepintothecoldsaltwaterandthenspringsbackontotheice.Nearbyafemalepenguinsleepsasherbabyrestsonthetopofherfeet.ThepenguinsareenjoyinganotherbeautifuldayofsunshineandfreezingtemperaturesinthePenguinEncounter,aspecialhomebuiltfortheminsunnyCalifornia.ThePenguinEncounterislocatedatSeaWorldinSanDiego.Itwasbuilttohelpstudytheemperorpenguin,thelargestofallpenguins.Theemperorpenguins 'naturalhomeisintheAntarctic,neartheSouthPole.IncreasesinEarth 'stemperaturescouldcauselargeamountsoficetobreakup.Scientistsfearedthatthisdrastic（居U烈的）changeintheenvironmentcoulddestroytheemperorpenguins'nestingareas.Thiswouldcausethenumberofemperorpenguinstogreatlydecrease.Anewhomeforthemseemedtobetheperfectsolution.ScientistswantedtomakethePenguinEncounteracomfortablehomefortheblack-and-whitefeatheredbirds.AteamofscientistswassenttotheAntarctictolearnmoreabouttheemperorpenguinsScientistFrankToddledtheteam.Toddisanexpertonpenguins.Hehasspentmorethan25yearsstudyingthem.GettingclosetotheemperorpenguinsintheAntarcticwasn 'tdifficultforthegroupofscientists.SometimestheywouldwaddleclosetoToddandhisteam.Thescientistsconcludedthatthisbehaviorcouldbetheresultofpooreyesight.Penguinsarenearsighted,whichallowsthemtoseebetterinthewaterthanonland.Anotherpossiblereasonfortheirbehaviorwasthattheyhadlittletofearontheice.Theirenemies,suchasleopardsealsandkillerwhales,huntmainlyinthewater.Toddandhisteamspentmanymonthsstudyingthedietandsocialhabitsoftheemperorpenguins.Itwaseasytogetclosetothepenguins,butitwasn'teasytostudythem.IntheAntarctic,thetemperaturerarelyrisesabovezerodegree,whichisperfectforpenguins,hutnotforscientists.OnceToddandhisteamhadfinallygatheredenoughinformation,theymadeplansforanewhomeinCaliforniaforanumberofemperorpenguins.Scientistshopedtostudythebirdsinconditionsthatweremorescientist-friendly.Whenthe"newAntarctic"wascompleted,ToddandhisteambroughtseveralhundredemperorpenguinstoCaliforniafromtheAntarctic.A.Moves.B.Jumps.C.Holds.D.Flies.A.Moves.B.Jumps.C.Holds.D.Flies..WhydidscientistsneedtostudypenguinsintheAntarcticbeforebuildingthePenguinEncounter?A.Theywereafraidthattheemperorpenguins 'homeswouldbedestroyed.B.TheywantedthePenguinEncounterjusttobeliketheemperorpenguins'naturalhome.C.Theywantedtoseehowtheemperorpenguinsreactedtotherisingtemperatures.D.TheyknewitwouldtakelongtogatherenoughemperorpenguinsforthePenguinEncounter.3.Whydoemperorpenguinshavelittletofearontheice?A.Itiseasytoseetheirenemiesonthewhiteice.B.Theirenemiesusuallyhuntinthewater.C.Theycaneasilyescapeonthesmoothice.D.Itistoocoldforotheranimalstosurviveontheice.4.Thepassagemainlyemphasizes.A.scientistsworkingasateamintheAntarcticB.ascienceteamfindingawaytostopglobalwanningC.howtoprotecttheemperorpenguinsatSeaWorldD.scientistsbuildingaspecialhometolearnmoreabouttheemperorpenguins2、Fromthemomentyouopenyoureyesinthemorning,youcanfeelsweat（ 汗水）runningdownyourbody,evenifyou'rebarelymovingatall.That'swhatmostpeopleinChinafeltlikethissummer.Infact,theentirenorthernhemisphere（半球）sawhightemperaturesinJuly.TheArcticCircle（北极圈）wasnoexception（例夕卜）.TemperaturesinthecityofNorilsk,whichisintheArcticCircle,reachedarecordhighof32C,TheAtlanticreported.Temperaturesthereareusuallyjust10Catthistimeoftheyear.TheheatwaveintheArcticismainlyalong-termresultofglobalwarming,accordingtotheChineseAcademyofMeteorologicalSciences.Infact,whilethewholeworldisgettingwarmer,theArcticiswarmingtwiceasfastastherestoftheplanet.Thisiscalledthepolaramplificationeffect（极地放大效应）^Themostdirectimpact（影响）ofArcticwarmingisthemeltingofArcticice.AccordingtoNASA,Arcticseaiceisnowdisappearingatarateof13.2percentevery10years.NASAsaidthatifthiscontinues,theArcticwillhavenoicebytheyear2040.ThishasputsomeArcticanimals,likepolarbears,indanger.Theicethatthebearsliveonhasshrunk（缩小）,theTorontoStarreported.Meltingicecanalsocausesealevelstoriseinthelongterm.Since1993,sealevelshaverisenatarateof3.2cmevery10years,theGuardianreported.Somecountries,suchasTuvalu（图瓦鲁）intheSouthPacificOceanandMaldives（马尔代夫）intheIndianOcean,areatriskofdisappearingintothesea.Whichofthefollowingistrue?Somecountriesintheoceanwilldisappearin10years.Chinaisthehottestinthenorthernhemispherethissummer.ThetemperaturesinNorilskusedtobelowerthanthissummer.TheworldgetswarmerbecauseoftheheatwaveintheArctic.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"inthethirdparagraphreferto?A.TheheatwaveintheArctic B.TheresultofglobalwarmingC.Gettingwarmerintheworld D.TheArcticgettingwarmfasterWhatmaybetheresultofthemeltingofArcticice?A.ThepolarwillbecomedangerousB.SealevelsriseinthelongtermC.TherewillbeanendofwatershortageD.Therewillbenoiceintheworldby2040Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.HeathitsArctic B.ArcticanimalsareindangerC.TheworldbecamehotterthanbeforeD.Somecountriesmaydisappearintothesea3、Whyarephotosandvideosofcatshigh-fivingsuddenlypoppinguponsocialmedia?AskJacksonGalaxy,wholaunchedCatPawsitivelastyear,aprogramthatencouragesanimalshelterstoteachcatshowtodotrickstomakethemmoreattractiveforadoption.Theideaissimple.Akittythatcansitoncommandorgiveahighfiveshowsthatitcanlistentoinstructionsandconnectwithothers.Ahighfivecanmakeashycatopenup,Galaxysaid.“Biglifechangescanleadtocatslosingtheirconfdence,andwehelpthosecatstofeelmoreconfidentandtofeelsafeinteractingwithnewpeople. "ChristieRogero,programmanagerforCatPawsitive,said.

AndStephenHoldeman,trainingmanagerattheKCPetProject,added:Allweneedtotrainacattodotricksistherightamountofpatience,timingandmotivation. "HeusesatechAllweneedtocalled“operantconditioni趣作性条件反射）”,whichassociatesacat'sactionwithgettingarewardsuchasafavoritefoodortreat.Healsousesaclicker—atrainingdevicethatmakesaclickingnoise. "Intheinitialstage,wegetthecatusedtotheideathatwhenithearsthesoundoftheclicker,oneofitsfavoritetreatsappears.Afterwehavebridgedthesetwoideastogetherwecanusetheclickertoreinforcedifferentactionsthecatdoestoletitknowthatifitrepeatstheaction,itwillgetatreat.Afterseveralrepetitions,thecatstartstolinkeverythingtogether.Nowallyouneedtodoisletyourextendedhandbethetarget,andwe 'vegotahighfive..Accordingtothetext,howcanlearningtricksbenefitcatsatanimalshelters?A.Itisagoodwayforshelterstoraisemoney.B.Itallowsthemtopickupskillstostaysafe.C.Ithelpstheminteractmorewitheachother.D.Ithelpsthembuildconfidenceandgetadopted..Accordingtothetext,whatshouldbedonefromthestarttotraincatstolearntricks?A.Teachingthemdifferentactions.B.Teachingthemhowtouseaclicker.C.Makingthempatientenoughtorepeatactions.D.Helpingthemconnectthesoundofaclickerwithtreats..Whatdoestheunderlinedword “reinforce"inparagraph6probablymean?A.recordB.strengthenC.ignoreD.reward.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.Toexplainhowtotraincatstoperformtricks.B.Toshowhowcatsaretreatedatanimalshelters.C.Todescribethepopularityofcatsonsocialmedia.D.Toinformusofaprogramthattrainscatstodotricks.4、Themajorityofpeopleonthisplanetlivethroughego（自我意识）.Theyfeelthattheyarethemselvesspecial,apartfromthecrowdinsomeway.Also,theyaren'twillingtoacknowledge

otherpeople'sspecialness,andfeelthattheyarethreatenedbythepeoplewhoaredifferentfromthem.Besides,therearemanydifferent'exclusiveclubs'whichpeoplejoinundercertainconditions,likeColourofskinclubs,Sportsclubs,andsoon.Whatmanypeoplefailtoacknowledge,however,isthatthereisinfactonlyoneclubTheHumanBeingclub.Ourdiversityiswhatmakeslifeinteresting.Ilovewatchingpeoplewhodanceorcreatemusicbeautifully,drawoutemotionsthroughtheiractingskills,orareaccomplishedathletes.IalsounderstandmyselfwellenoughtoknowthatIdon'thaveenoughpassionforanyofthesethingstomakethesacrificesnecessarytocomeclosetotheirlevelofexcellence.Ibelievethatitishumannaturetocommunicateandcooperatewithpeoplewhoarelikeus,butwhatalotofpeopleseeas'likeus'isnarroweddowntoverysuperficial（表面）characteristics.IremembermyJamaicanfriend'ssisterbeingmostputout.Shehadbeentheonlyblackwomaninhercompanyandthenanotherblackwomanwasemployed.Theywereautomaticallyputtoworktogetherbecausetheywerebothblackandobviouslyhadalotincommon-sothoughttheemployer!Thetruthwasthattheyhadnothingincommon,didn'tcomefromthesamecountryandactivelydislikedeachother.It'salwaysamistaketoassumeanythingonapurelysuperficialbasis.Ihavemanyfriendswhoaremembersofavarietyoftheabovementionedclubsandeachoneofthemhastaughtmesomuchaboutdifferentculturesandlifestyles,andhasenrichedmylifeintheprocess.Iencourageanyonetostrikeupaconversationwithsomeonewhodoesn'tlooklikethem-youmightbesurprisedatexactlyhowmuchyouhaveincommon.1.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphspeopletendto.A.feeltheyarespecialC.admitothersarespecial.HowistheParagraph3mainlydeveloped?A.feeltheyarespecialC.admitothersarespecial.HowistheParagraph3mainlydeveloped?A.Byanalyzingcauses.C.Bygivingadescription..TheauthormentionedhisJamaicanfriendA.blackwomenhavealotincommonindeedC.peopleunderstandB.feeltheyarelackofegoD.admitonlyoneclubexistB.Bysettinganexample.D.Bymakingcomparisons.'ssistertoshow.B.itishumannaturetocooperatewithpeoplelikeus“inanarDowewayeoftenmakemistakesinjudgingothers4.Whatdoestheauthoradvisepeopletodointhelastparagraph?

4.Whatdoestheauthoradvisepeopletodointhelastparagraph?A.Toenrichtheirownlife.B.Tojoinanexclusiveclub.A.Toenrichtheirownlife.B.Tojoinanexclusiveclub.C.Totalktodifferentpeople. D.Toexperiencedifferentlife.5、Peoplegenerallyliketofeelhappy,butachievingastateofhappinesstakestimeandeffort.AekyoungKimofRutgersUniversityintheU.S.andSamMagliooftheUniversityofTorontoScarboroughinCanadahaveconductedfourstudiesinwhichtheystudiedhowthepursuitofhappinessaswellasthestateofbeinghappyinfluencedpeople 看法)of'sperception(time.Inthestudies,someparticipantswereeitherinstructedtolistthingsthatwouldmakethemhappieroraskedtotrytomakethemselvesfeelhappywhilewatchingaboringmovieaboutbuildingbridges,thusshowinghappinessasagoaltopursue.Theotherparticipantscametothinkofhappinessasagoalthattheyhadalreadyaccomplished,achievedbywatchingacomedyorlistingthingsshowingthattheywerealreadyhappy.Afterwards,allparticipantsreportedhowmuchfreetimetheyfelttheyhad.Theresearchers'mainfindingshowedthataperson 'sperceptio缺oftim®scarcity(influencedbytheirpursuitof(oftenunattainable)happiness.Thefeelingthattimewasscarcebecamelessstrongforparticipantswhosaidthattheyhadattainedtheirgoalofbeinghappytosomedegree.“Timeseemstodisappearduringthepursuitofhappiness,butonlywhenit goal 'sseenas<requiringcontinuedpursuit, “explaintheresearchers. "Thisfindingsuggeststhatthepursuitofhappinesscandestroywell-being."Accordingtotheresearchers,thefindingimpliesthatwhilehappinesscanhurtpositiveemotions,itneednotnecessarilydoso.Instead,ifsomeonebelievestheyhaveachievedhappiness,theyareleftwiththetimetoappreciatethis.Theresearchfurtherexplainsthatpeoplehavedifferentconceptsabouthappiness,whichinturnmaywellinfluencehowtheyperceivethetimetheyhavetoachievehappiness.“Becausegoingthroughexperiencesandsharingfeelingsrequiremoretimecomparedwithonly,forexample,buyingmaterialgoods,feelingthattimeislackingalsoleadspeopletoprefermaterialpossessionsratherthanenjoyingpleasantexperiences, “theresearcherscontinue.“Encouragingpeopletoworrylessaboutpursuinghappinessasaneve-endinggoalmightjustendupgivingthemmoretimeand,inturn,morehappiness. ”.Thetasksgiventothetwogroupsofparticipantsdifferin.A.howtheyspenttheirfreetime B.howtheydrew upshoppinglistsC.whatkindofmoviesinterestedthem D.whethertheyhadacquiredhappiness.WecaninferfromthefindinginParagraph4that.A.happinessisdeterminedbytime B.happinessisa matterofchoiceC.happinessisanever-endinggoal D.happinesscan hurtpositiveemotions.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Willtime-savingtasksmakeyouhappier?B.Isemotionmanagementtrainingnecessary?C.Canpursuinghappinessmakeyouunhappy?D.Shouldyouexpressyourunhappinessinhardtimes?Aculture'svaluescanbemirroredbyitshumor.HumorhasbeenevaluatedbymanygreatmindssuchasThomasHobbes,whodislikedhumor,"Laughterisnothingelsebutsuddengloryarisingfromsomesuddenthoughtoffeelingfarbetterthanothers."Hethoughthumortobeanegativequalityofhumannarrow-mindedness.However,MordechaiGordon,PhDofEducation,insists,"Humorallowsustoviewtheworldfromananglethatisamusingratherthanserious."IagreewithGordon.Learningtolookattheworldthroughhumourisimportant.IntheUnitedStates,everyfouryearsanelectionoccurs.Withouthumorasawaytoexpresstheirfeelings,howelsewouldAmericanskeepfromclawingtheireyesoutandgoingthewayoflemming?Televisionshowslike “TheDailyShow"havebecomeimportantpartsofAmericanculture.Theyaremotheringthemassesbymetaphoricallyairplane-ingpoliticsintoourmouths.Theymakepoliticsfun.Ofcourse,politicsisonlyonetypeofhumor.Socialhumorhelpspeoplethroughthetwistsandturnsofthehumancondition.Americanpopculturepromotesanunhealthyself-image.Onthetopicofself-image,HariKondabolustandsout.Hehasajokeaboutthepopularmusicalgroup“ThePussycatDolls”,describingtheirhitsong"Don'tCha "asanegativerepresentationofwomen.HepointsoutanobviousoffenceinAmericanculture.AstudyfromLoyolaUniversityofMarylandhasshownthathumorisonedeterminingfactorforselectingamatingpartner.Amongstotherthings,mateslookforanoutstandingfunnyboneinapotentialpartner.Ofcourse,humorisnotalwaysusedforgoodpurposes.Humorcanbelinkedtovulgarityandracism,but,likeeverythingelse,ithaspotentialtounitehumanbeingsbyallowingustolaughatourselves,ourfailuresandourconnectionwithoneanother.Thoughlifemayseemtoughanddepressingattimes,allIhavetodoislookinthemirroratmyincreasedwrinklestoknowthatthereisacomedyouttherethatevenChaplinwasn'tawareof.Withthatinmind,remembertolaughwithhumanityandsometimesathumanity..Hobbesbelievedthathumor.A.wasonlyawaytolaughatotherstomakeoneselffeelbetterB.resultedinnarrow-mindednessofhumanbeingsC.hadthepowertomirrorpersonalgloryandnationalvaluesD.wasforpeopletoviewtheworldfromanotherangle.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardspoliticalhumor?A.Worried. B.Disappointed. C.Curious. D.Appreciative..ThefourthparagraphisdevelopedmainlyA.byexample B.byprocess C.bycomparison D.byclassification.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Chaplinwasn'tawareofbeinglaughedat.B.Theauthorfeelshelplessandsadaboutgettingolder.C.Neverbetheonewholaughsatotherpeople.D.Theauthorisdeterminedtofacelifewithasenseofhumor.Sharksusetheirgoodsenseofsmelltosearchforprey（猎物）.Butanewstudyshowsthattherisinglevelsofcarbondioxideintheoceancouldreducesharks'abilitytofindfood.It'sbadnewsforahealthyocean.Sharksaretoppredators（掠食动物）andareliketheocean'sweedcontrollers.DixsonworksattheWoodsHoleOceanographicInstitutioninMassachusetts.HerearlierworkWewanttoexpandthishasshownthatclownfishinacidifying（酸化的）wateractstrangely.researchtosharksbecauseweknowhowimportantitisforsharkstofindtheirfoodthroughtheirsenseofsmell,"saidDixson.WewanttoexpandthisHerteamstartedbyplacingsharksineachofthreedifferentpoolsforfivedays.Eachpoolhadadifferentlevelofcarbondioxideinit.Thefirsthadthesameamountastodaysoceanwater.Thesecondhadalevelofcarbondioxidethatscientistsexpecttoreachby2050.Thethirdpoolhadthehighestlevelofcarbondioxidethatcoulddevelopbytheyear2100.Sharksweren'tallowedtoeatanyfoodwhileinthepools.Thismadesurethattheywouldbehungry.Then,Dixsonreleasedthesharks—oneatatime—intoapoolwithtwoside-by-sidestreamsofflowingwater.Inonestream,theresearcherspumpedwater,inwhichadeadsquidhadbeenovernight.Thiswatersmelledstronglyofsquid.Theotherstreamcontainedoceanwaterwithnoscent（气味）.Becauseeachstreamflowedatthesamerateandinthesamedirection,thesquidsmellstayedinitsstream.Thesharkscouldchoosetoswimineitherstream.Sharksthathadbeenswimmingforfivedaysinpoolsofregularoceanwaterspentmorethan60percentoftheirtimeinthesquid-scentedstream.Thesamewastrueforsharksthathadbeeninwaterwiththecarbondioxidelevelthatcoulddevelopbytheyear2050.Butsharksexposedtothehighestlevelofcarbondioxidespentjust15percentoftheirtimeinthesquid-scentedstream..Whydidthewritermentionthesharks 'smellatthebeginningofthepassage?A.Becausethewriterappreciatesitsabilitytofindfood.B.Becausethewriterconsidersitdangeroustohumanbeings.C.Becausethewriterintendstoshowhowtocontrolweedintheocean.D.Becausethewriterworriesaboutthesharksintheocean..WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Whattheoceaninthefuturewillbelike.B.WhohelpedDixsonconductthestudy.C.Whatkindsofpoolswereusedduringthestudy.D.Whatthelevelsofcarbondioxidewillbeatintheoceaninthefuture..Theresearcherspumpedwaterwhereadeadsquidhadbeenovernightto.A.helpthesharkslookforfoodB.testthesharks'senseofsmellC.provethatsharkslikeeatingsquids

D.explainwhycarbondioxideintheoceanaffectssharks.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Sharkslikethesquid-scentedstreambetter.B.Sharkslikethestreamwiththehighlevelofcarbondioxide.C.Sharksspent15%oftheirtimeinthesquid-scentedstream.D.Thehighlevelofcarbondioxidecanaffectthesharks 'abilitytosmell.Today,manypeopleuseplantsfromotherplacestodesigntheiryards.Well,dotheyhaveanyinfluenceonanimalslivingnearby?Asweknow,plantssupplyfoodforthingslikeinsectsandplant-eatinganimals.Inturn,birdsandmeat-eatinganimalsfeedontheseinsectsandplant-eatinganimals.Itiseasytoseehowimportantplantsare.Althoughforeignplantsmaylookbeautiful,theycancauseproblemswhentherearetoomanyofthem.IliveinVirginia,USA,andsometimesseeaplant—commonlyknownasKudzu—thatseemstocovereverythinginthearea,evenclimbingoverwholetreesandhouses.Kudzuisanunbelievableplantsinceitgrowsveryfast.ItwasfirstbroughttotheUnitedStatesfromsouth-eastAsiaaroundthe1870 'sasacropthatfarmerscouldgrow.However,KudzuquicklycametobeconsideredharmfulthroughoutthesouthernUnitedStates.SinceKudzugrowsfastinmanydifferentenvironments,itcancompletelycoverareasoflandquickly.TheplantisalsonoteatenbyanyinsectsorbirdsintheUnitedStatessoitcangrowunchecked.Kudzucancovertrees,bushes,andevenhouses.ItcoststheUnitedStates500milliondollarsayeartojustkeepKudzufromgrowingtoofast.Theplantisaperfectexampleofwhatscientistscallaninvasive（侵略性的）species,whichgrowsmorequicklythanothernativeplants.Allforeignplantshavethepossibilitytospreadquickly.Notonlyaretheycostly,butplantingthemingardensactuallytakesawayfoodfrominsects.Ifeveryonefilledtheirgardenwithplantsnativetowheretheylive,manylovelybutterfliesandothernativecreatureswouldbeattractedtotheirbackyards!So,takealookoutofyourwindow-howdoesyourgardengrow?.WecanlearnfromthetextthatKudzuinVirginia.A.isverypopular B.isdifficulttogrowC.cancausebigtrouble D.canmakeaircleanerA.ItservedasfoodatfirstinAmerica..WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofKudzu?A.ItservedasfoodatfirstinAmerica.B.ItcametoAmericaintheearly19thcentury.C.ItgrowsfastinAsia,butslowlyinAmerica.D.ItisofteneatenbyinsectsorbirdsinAmerica..Howdoestheauthorsoundwhentellingoftheseforeignplants?A.Sad. B.Worried. C.Proud. D.Excited..Whatdoestheauthormainlydiscussinthetext?A.Everyoneshouldlearntolovenature. B.Itisahardjobtogrowplantsinyards.C.Gardeninghasbecomeaserioushobby. D.Itisimportanttosaynotoforeignplants.9、Ifyouhaveeverhadacat,orhavewatchedoneofthemanyfunnycatvideosonline,you'llknowthatcatshaveamindoftheirown.Alotofthethingstheydoarehardtounderstand—theyliketoclimbuptallfurniture,fitthemselvesinsmallspacesandattacksmallobjectsfornoreasonatall.Nowscientistshavemanagedtofigureoutwhatexactlyisgoingoninthebrainsofourlittlefriends.AccordingtoTonyBuffington,aprofessoratOhioStateUniversityintheUS,catsstrangebehaviorlargelycomesfromtheirwayoflifebackinthewild. "Catstodaystillhavemanyofthesameinstincts（本能）thatallowedthemtoliveinthewildformillionsofyears. "hesaidTEDTalk."Tothem,ourhomesaretheirjungles. ”Inthewild,catsarehunters.Theirbodiesandgreatbalancingabilitiesallowthemtoclimbtohighspotstobetterlookattheenvironment.Eventhoughtheydon 'thavetohuntanymoreirhumanhouses,theystillkeeptheoldhabitofviewingthelivingroomfrom,forexample,thetopoftherefrigerator.Cats'huntinginstinctisalsowhatmakesthemattacksmallthingslikekeysandUSBdrives.Inthewild,theyhuntwhatevertheycanget,andmostoftheanimalstheykillaresmall.However,catscanalsobeprey.Thisexplainswhytheyliketostayinsmallspaceslikedrawersorwashingmachines—theyarehiding,ortheythinktheyarehiding,frommoredangerousanimals.Thisisalsowhycatspreferacleanbox:asmellyonecouldeasilyshowenemieswheretheyare.Knowinghowcats'mindsworkisnotonlyusefulforbetterunderstandingthem.Itmayalsohelpcats'ownerstobettermeetcats 'needs.Forexample,ownerscouldtrytomakeclimbingeasierforcatsbymovingtheirfurniturearound.Theycouldalsouse “foodpuzzles"tomeatingfeelmorelikehuntinginsteadofjustgivingfoodtothecats.1.AccordingtoTonyBuffington,A.cats'strangebehaviorishardforpeopletounderstandB.catsaremoreusedtolivinginthewildthaninhumans 'homesC.catsbehavestrangelymainlybecauseofsomeinstinctsinthewildD.cats'instinctsareashelpfultothemtodayastheyweremillionsofyearago2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.CatsliketoclimbuphighbecausetheywanttohidefromdangerousanimalsB.CatsattackkeysandUSBdrivesbecausetheyhaveahabitofhuntingsmallanimalsC.CatsenjoystayinginsmallspacesbecausetheyusuallyliveinsmallcavesinthewildD.Cats'preferenceforacleanboxproblybhassomethingtodowiththeirhuntinginstincts3.Theunderlinedword"prey"inParagraph5probablymeans.A.ananimalthatistoolazy B.ananimalthatlikeshidinggamesC.ananimalthatkeepsitselfclean D.ananimalthatishunted4.Thisarticleismainlywrittento.A.explorethereasonsbehindcats 'strangebehaviorB.describecats'pastwildexperiencetoreadersC.tellcatownershowtomakelifeeasierforcatsD.comparecats'behaviorinhumanhomeswiththahinwild10、Runnerswhoencountervisualandauditory（听觉的）distractionsmaybemorelikelytosufferleginjuries,accordingtoresearchbytheAssociationofAcademicPhysiatristsinLasVegas.Runnersoftenseekdistractionsfromthetaskathand.Whetheritismusic,texting,daydreaming,takinginthesights,orproppingabookuponthetreadmill（跑步机）,moreoftenthannotadistractioniswelcome.But,researchersfromtheUniversityofFloridahaverecentlydiscoveredthatthosedistractionsmayleadtoinjury.DanielHerman,MD,assistantprofessorattheUniversityofFlorida,andhisteamconductedresearchontheeffectsofvisualandauditorydistractionson14runnerstodeterminewhateffectthesedistractionswouldhaveonthingssuchastheheartrate,howmanytimesarunnerbreathesperminuteandhowmuchoxygenisconsumedbythebody.Therunnerswereallinjury-freeatthetimeofthestudyandran31mileseachweek.Dr.HermanAteamhadeachparticipantrunonatreadmillthreeseparatetimes.Thefirsttimewaswithoutanydistractions.Thesecondtimeaddedavisualdistraction,duringwhichtherunnersconcentratedon2ascreendisplayingdifferentlettersindifferentcolorswiththerunnershavingtonoticewhenaspecificletter-colorcombinationappeared.Thethirdtimeaddedanauditorydistractionsimilartothevisualdistraction,withtherunnershavingtonoticewhenaparticularwordwasspokenbyaparticularvoice.Whencomparedtorunningwithoutdistractions,theparticipantshadfasterapplicationofforcetotheirleftandrightlegs,calledtheloadingrate,withauditoryandvisualdistractions.Theyalsoexperiencedanincreasedamountofforcefrom