课件高中英语必修四Unit-2-Learning-about-language

必修4必修4Unit2WorkingthelandLearningaboutlanguageUnit2_________brown(skin)fromspendingtoomuchtimeinthesun________tomakesomethingorsomebodyfreeof_________tobecomelargerinsize,numberoramountsunburntrid…ofexpandDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressions1Findthewordorphrasefromthetextforeachofthesemeanings._________brown(skin)fromsp4.________tomakeinformationandideasknowntomanypeople5.____________wouldpreferto6.________totryextremelyhardtoachievesomethingcirculatewould

ratherstruggle4.________tomakeinformatio7.______tosendthingstoforeigncountriesforsale8.___________pleasedbyhavingwhatonewantsorneeds9.______toprovidewiththingsnecessaryforacertainpurpose10._____plantsgrowninlargeamountsbyfarmers11._________becauseofexportsatisfiedwithequipcropthanks

to7.______tosendthingstofAnswerkeyforEx2:1.information:statistics;world:globe2.Strong:super;races:nationalities3.Nothavingenoughfood:hunger;

sickness:disease4.AsmallSoutheastAsiancountry:Vietnam;jobs:occupations5.Openconditions:freedom

soldandsentabroad:exportedAnswerkeyforEx2:1.informa3Completethepassagewiththewordsbelowintheirproperforms.disturbingexpandoutputstrugglebattlesgraincropsdecadeequipIn

thepast_______,someofthefarmersinthewestofChinahavemetwithsomesuccessinthe________againstthe__________desert._________withnewscientificfarmingmethods,decadestruggleexpandingEquipped3Completethepassagewithththeyhavebeenabletouselessfarmlandthaninthepast.Their______of_____andother______,however,isstillthesame,whichmakesitpossibleforthemtousetheremainingfarmlandforplantingtrees.Theseandotherfarmersarestartingtowinsmall______inthegreatwaragainstthe__________growthofthedesert.outputgraincropsbattlesdisturbingtheyhavebeenabletouselesThe–ingformastheSubjectandObjectGrammarThe–ingformastheSubjectaHaveyoueverseenthesesigns?parking,spitting,littering,smoking-ingformsHaveyoueverseenthesesigns

1.Sincethen,findingwaystogrowmorericehasbeenhislifegoal.2.Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmah-jong,swimmingandreading.3.Spendingmoneyonhimselfor

leadingacomfortablelifealsomeansverylittletohim.4.However,hedoesn’tcareaboutbeingfamous.Readthesentencesfromthereadingpassage.subjectsubjectobjectobject1.Sincethen,findingwayst1.动词-ing形式的构成:是在动词末尾加-ing形式构成,因此又叫动词的-ing形式。如:do-doing,be-being,ask-asking,etc.否定形式:not+-ing构成2.动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语,没有人称和数的变化,但可以有自己的宾语和状语,还有时态和语态的变化。3.动词-ing形式由动词加-ing变化而成,它同时具有名词和动词的特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语等。1.动词-ing形式的构成:是在动词末尾加-ing一、动词-ing形式作主语表示经常的、习惯性的动作或状态,谓语动词通常用单数。如：Walkingisagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.无论对年轻人和老年人来讲,走路是一种很好的锻炼。Watching

newsonTVhasbecomearoutineforme.在电视上看新闻已经成了我的一种日常习惯。一、动词-ing形式作主语Going

to

Hangzhoubytraintakesabout16hours.乘火车去杭州要16个小时。Asking

awoman’sageisimpoliteinourcountry.在我们国家问一个女人的年龄是不礼貌的。

GoingtoHangzhoubytraintak2.-ing形式作主语时常后置,此时须用it作形式主语,用形容词或名词作表语。常见的名词或名词短语有:nouse,nogood,fun,hardwork,ahard/difficultjob,awasteoftime等;形容词有:dangerous,worthwhile,useless等。如:It’snousemakinganexcuseforthis.为这件事找借口是没有用的。2.-ing形式作主语时常后置,此时须用itIt’sawasteoftimetalkingaboutsuchauselessthing.谈论这样无用的事情简直是浪费时间。It’sdangerousswimmingintheseaonwindydays.有风的天气在海里游泳是危险的。Itisworthwhilediscussingthequestion.这个问题值得讨论。It’sawasteoftimetalkinga

不定式作主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如：

It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.Herealizedthattogoonlikethiswaswrong.（指抽象动作）（指具体动作）不定式作主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如：（指注意：1、动名词作主语表单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。

Walkingaftersupperisgoodforyourhealth.2、动名词的复合结构作主语动名词的复合结构是指物主代词、名词所有格是动名词逻辑上的主语、动名词是其逻辑上的谓语。

Yourcomingmadeushappy.Yourfather’scookingisverygood.注意：考例

1.—WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset？

—__________hernewbicycle．

A.Asshelost

B.LostC.Losing

D.Becauseoflosing

解析：答案是C。losinghernewbicycle是句子的主语，谓语madehersoupset被省略；losing…在此表示具体的动作。考例1.—Whatdoyouthink2.Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts

____causedhearinglossinsometeenagers.（2010湖南卷）

A.isB.areC.hasD.have 答案：C解析：根据动名词短语作主语，句子的谓语动词用单数形式，由此排除B、D两项，根据主语与caused的主动关系，排除A项2.Listeningtoloudmusicat3.It’snouse_____withouttakingaction.(2011上海)A.complain B.complainingC.beingcomplained D.tobecomplained答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：光抱怨而不采取任何行动是没用的。根据句型It’snousedoingsth.“做某事没有意义”,可知选B。3.It’snouse_____withoutt3.在therebe结构中作主语,这种结构的意思相当于“Itisimpossibletodo…”。如：若要人不知,除非己莫为。Thereisno

hiding

ofevilbutnottodoit．这种事开不得玩笑。

Hereisno

joking

aboutsuchmatter.无法知道他什么时候离开Therewasno

knowing

whenhewouldleave.3.在therebe结构中作主语,这种结构的意思动名词与不定式做主语时的比较：动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作,不定式则通常表示具体的动作。如：还是个孩子的时侯,她就觉得探视病人是一种责任,也是一种愉悦。Asachild,shefeltthat

visitingsickpeople

wasadutyandapleasure．到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。Being

aguest

inanAmericanhomewillbeagoodexperienceforme.动名词与不定式做主语时的比较：一直不做就是作恶。

Doingnothing

isdoingill．他说:“继续这样下去是无用的。”

Hesaid,“To

go

on

like

this

isuseless.”我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会。

It’sanhonorforme

to

be

invited

totheparty.一直不做就是作恶。归纳:常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：It+be+awasteoftimedoing

做……是浪费时间的Itis/wasnogood/usedoing

做……是没用处的Itis/washardly/scarcelyworthdoing

做……不值得Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing

做……是值得的Thereisnodoing...

无法……;不允许……归纳:常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：Thereisnosenseindoing

做……没有道理Thereis/wasnousedoing

干……无意义Thereis/wasnothingworsethandoing没有比……更糟的Thereis/wasnopointdoing

干……无意义我们不知道要去哪儿。Therewasnoknowing

wherewewouldgo.做这件傻事毫无意义。Thereisno

point

doing

suchasillything.Thereisnosenseindoing做…注意:

Thereisnoneedtodosth

干……没必要,在此句式中todo不可换为doing.没有必要告诉她。Thereisnoneedtotellher.提示:当动名词用作主语时,其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。我姐姐病了,使我很担心。Mysister’sbeingillmademeworried.你正确未必就意味着我错了。Yourbeingrightdoesn’tnecessarilymeanmybeingwrong.注意:Thereisnoneedtodosth二、动名词用作宾语动名词作宾语有两种情况。1.只能后接动名词作宾语的动词,常见的有avoid,consider,enjoy,keep,finish,suggest,dislike,delay,escape,cannothelp,imagine,mind,miss,practise,cannotstand等。如：我不能不去。Ican’t

avoidgoing．你是否考虑过找一位挚友?Haveyou

considered

looking

for

onespecialfriend?二、动名词用作宾语我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。Wemusttrytoavoidrepeatingthesamemistake．晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗?Doyoufeellikehavingawalkwithmeaftersupper?人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。Peoplecouldn’thelplaughingfoolishman．

这类动词还有:excuse,fancy,giveup,putoff,risk,insiston,lookforward,feellike等。我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。注意:

当need,want,require,worth后面接动词-ing也可以表示被动。

Yourhairwantscutting.

Thefloorrequireswashing.Thatnovelisnotworthreading.注意:1.Ican’timagine_____thatwiththem.A.do

B.todoC.beingdone

D.doing

D2.Shelooksforwardeveryspringto_____theflower-linedgarden.A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkinginD考例

1.Ican’timagine_____that3.Ladyadoesn’tfeellike______abroad.Herparentsareold.(2011

四川)A.studyB.studyingC.studiedD.tostudyB3.Ladyadoesn’tfeellike___2.既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词,常见的有:begin,start,continue,like,love,prefer,by,mean,forget，remember,hate等。A.在like,love,hate,prefer等动词之后，用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同,只是侧重点有些不同,动名词表示泛指的动作,不定式表示具体的一次性动作。B.在begin/start,continue之后,用动名词和不定式,意义无甚区别,尤其是当主语是人的时候。

2.既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词,C.在动词forget,remember,regret之后,用动名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于谓语发生,不定式表示后于谓语动作,

如：我记得我已把信寄了。Irememberpostingtheletter．我会记着去寄信的。I’llremembertoposttheletter．我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。Ishallneverforgetseeingthefamouswriter．C.在动词forget,remember,regret不要忘了给你母亲写信。Don’tforgettowritetoyourmother．我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。Iregretmissingthereport．我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。IregrettosayIcan’ttakeyouradvice．不要忘了给你母亲写信。D.在try,mean之后,意义各不相同,如trytodo(设法),trydoing(试试),meantodo(打算,有意要做),meandoing(意思是,意味着)。如:我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。Wemusttrytogeteverythingdoneintime．我们用别的方法做这工作试试。

Let’strydoingtheworkinginsomeotherway．我并不想叫你生气。Ididn’tmeantomakeyouangry．你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。Yourplanwouldmeanspendinghours．D.在try,mean之后,意义各不相同,如trE.goondoing和goontodogoondoing继续做一直在做的事;goontodo接着做另一件事。如：请接着做这同一个练习。Pleasegoondoingthesameexercise．请做另外一个练习。Pleasegoontodotheotherexercise．F.stopdoing与stoptodo:Stopdoing停止做，stoptodo停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如:我们停止了交谈。We

stopped

talking．我们停了下来去谈话。We

stopped

to

talk．E.goondoing和goontodogoondoing继续做原来做的事goontodo接着做另一件事

meandoing意味着要做某事meantodo想要做某事stopdoing停止做某事stoptodo停下来(别的事)开始做某事goondoing继续做原来做的事meandointrydoing试着做某事trytodo努力做某事beusedtodoing习惯于做某事

beusedtodo被用来做某事can'thelpdoing禁不住做某事can'thelptodo不能帮助做某事trydoing试着做某事beusedtodo3.作介词宾语动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。A.介词+动名词,

如：我们得想些法子改变人们的习惯。We’vegottothinkofwaysofchanging

people’shabits.我向你道歉,刚才对你那样生气。Iapologizeforbeingsoangrywithyou.离开几年之后再回到你的家乡,感觉有点怪。Afterbeingawayforseveralyears,itisastrangeexperiencetoreturntothehometown.3.作介词宾语B.动词+介词+动名词,如：我坚持为这次出行带足需要的食物。Iinsistontakingproperfoodforthistrip．同学们脸上没有笑容,相反都做了怪脸。Insteadofsmiling,eachofthemmadeaface．她对为我们公司工作很感兴趣。Shewasveryinterestedinworkingforourcompany．下列短语中的to都是介词,所以后面跟名词或-ing形式:devoteto,objectto,payattentionto,getdownto,leadto,lookforwardto,stickto,beusedto等。B.动词+介词+动名词,如：1.—Whatmadeyousoupset?—_____twoticketstothepopmusicconcert.A.Losing B.BecauseoflosingC.Tolose D.BecauseIhadlost2.Ican’timagine_______thatwiththem.A.do

B.todoC.beingdone

D.doingA考考你D

1.—Whatmadeyousoupset?A3.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk____thegoodopportunity.A.tolose B.losingC.tobelost D.beinglost4.___isforbiddeninsidethepark.A.Tocycle B.WecycleC.AnyonecyclesD.CyclingBD3.Hegotwell-preparedforth5.Ican’tstand___withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses___talkingwhilesheworks.A.working;stoppingB.towork;stoppingC.working;tostopD.towork;tostop6.Theoldladyneeds____.A.lookafter B.tolookafterC.lookingafter D.beinglookedafterCC5.Ican’tstand___withJane1.Ifyoucankeep________(read)Englishnewspapers,yourEnglishwillbeimproved.2.Hehaspromised__________(come)tomybirthdayparty.3.Ihate_________________(tell)lies!4.Iwillneverforget__________(go)toBeijingwithhimlastsummer.Iforgot________(tell)herthenews;sosheknewnothingaboutit.Completethesesentences:readingto

cometelling/to

tellgoingto

tell1.Ifyoucankeep________(re出国旅行是很激动人心的。Travellingabroadisveryexciting.2.在这儿等是没用的,我们走吧。It’snousewaitinghere.Let’sgo.3.我记得在哪里见过他。Irememberseeinghersomewhere.Translation

出国旅行是很激动人心的。Translation4.我后悔没听你的劝告。Iregretnotfollowingyouradvice.5.帮助别人就是帮助你自己。Helpingothersmeanshelpingyourself.Formoreexercises,clickhere.4.我后悔没听你的劝告。Formoreexercise高考链接

(2005湖北卷)_____fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.Beingseparated B.Havingseparated C.Havingbeenseparated D.Tobeseparated2.(2005全国卷III)Thestormleft,______alotofdamagetothisarea.caused B.tohavecausedC.tocauseD.havingcausedCD高考链接(2005湖北卷)_____fromother3.(2005山东卷)Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear,______arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereachingBFormoreexercises,clickhere.3.(2005山东卷)OilpriceshaverLet’stalkaboutourfriends!Rememberto

useVerb-ingasmuchaspossible.

…ishis/herjobeveryday.

He/She

enjoys…He/Sheis

interested

in…He/She

dreams

of…He/She

hates……makes

him/herhappy/sad.He/She

cares

about…Let’stalkaboutourfriends!Writeaboutapersonyouloveorrespectverymuch.Hereisasampleforyou.Changchangisasmartboy.Playingmodelcarsishisfavourite.Andhealsolikesrunning.Itseemsplayingishisjobeveryday.Besides,heenjoystalkingsomuchthatitseemsthatheneverstopstalkinguntilhegoestosleep.Maybethatiswhyheisgoodattellingstories.Writeaboutapersonyoulove用括号内动词的正确形式填空。It’snogood_______(try)toremembergrammaticalrules.Youneedtopracticewhatyouhavelearned.2.Hisillnesscouldmeanhim______(miss)nextweek’sgame.3.Wecanneverimagineher_______(pass)theexam,forshehasneverreviewedthelessons.4.Thesuspect(嫌疑犯)atlastadmitted

________(steal)thenecklace.5.Istillremember__________(take)toaconcertbyLiuDehuawhenIwasfive.trying

missing

passing

stealing

beingtaken用括号内动词的正确形式填空。tryingmissin1.Ittooktheworkmenonlytwohourstofinish_______mycar.A.repairingB.repairC.torepairD.repairedA选择最佳答案。1.Ittooktheworkmenonlytw2.Haveyouforgotten___$1,000frommelastmonth?Willyoupleaseremember___ittomorrow?A.borrowing;tobringB.toborrow;bringC.borrowed;bringingD.borrowing;bringingA2.Haveyouforgotten___$1,03.Theclassroomneeds_____.A.cleanB.cleanedC.tocleanD.cleaning4.Jacksaidthathewouldn'tmind_____forus.A.towaitB.waitC.waitingD.waitedDC3.Theclassroomneeds_____.5.Mybrotherkeeps___mewithmywork.A.tohelpB.helpC.helpingD.helped6.Weshouldoftenpractise___Englishwitheachother.A.tospeakB.spokeC.speakD.speakingCD5.Mybrotherkeeps___mewit7.Keepon____andyouwillsucceed.A.atryB.tryC.totryingD.trying8.Hisparentsinsiston___tocollege.A.heshouldgoB.hegoC.hisgoingD.himtogoDC7.Keepon____andyouwills9.Thestorywassofunnythatwe___.A.couldn’thelplaughB.can’tbutlaughC.couldn’thelplaughingD.couldn’thelpbuttolaughC9.Thestorywassofunnythat10.Thoughitsoundsabittoodear,itisworth______.A.beingboughtB.buyingC.tobuyD.buyingit11.Hedevotedhislifeto_____theatomictheory.A.studyB.bestudiedC.studyingD.havestudiedBC10.Thoughitsoundsabittoo12.Wearebothlookingforwardto__nextweek.A.goingonvocationB.goonvocationC.begoingonvocationD.havegoneonvocationA12.Wearebothlookingforwar13.Youmustpayattentionto___theworksofLuXun.A.readB.readingC.readerD.beread14.Youshouldworktonightinsteadof_____TV.A.towatchB.youwatchingC.youwatchD.watchingBD13.Youmustpayattentionto15.Themicroscopeisusedfor__minuteobjects.A.examiningB.beingexaminedC.examinedD.examine16.Mikehasgotused___uplateatnight.A.tositB.sitC.tosittingD.sittingAC15.Themicroscopeisusedfor17.Oncetheheartstops_____,deathfollowsatonce.A.beatingB.tobeatC.beingbeatenD.tobebeating18.Wearenowbusy_____fortheexamination.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.beingpreparedAB17.Oncetheheartstops_____19.Iremembered____thispersonsomewherebefore.A.seeingB.havingbeenseenC.seenD.tosee20.Iregret____thattoher.Shemustbecryingnow.A.havingsaidB.tohavesaidC.tosayD.saidAA19.Iremembered____thisper21.Thepatientmustbeseparatedtoavoid____others.A.beinginfectedB.infectingC.toinfectD.infected22.Yourclothesneed______.A.washedB.tobewashedC.towashD.beingwashedBB21.Thepatientmustbesepara23._____providesuswithessentialnutrients(营养),while______providesuswithoxygen.A.Toeat;breathingB.Eating;tobreatheC.Eating;breathingD.Eaten;breathedC23._____providesuswithess24.Heattendedthepartywithout___.A.invitedB.invitingC.havinginvitedD.beinginvited25.By____,watercanbechangedintogas.A.heatingB.beingheatedC.havingheatedD.heatedDB24.Heattendedthepartywith26.Onlandmanyobjectspreventsound_____veryfar.A.totravelB.travelC.fromtravellingD.totravelling27.Shereturnedhomeonlytofindthedooropenandsomething____.A.missedB.tobemissingC.missingD.tobemissedCC26.Onlandmanyobjectspreve28.Remember__thenewspaperwhenyouhavefinishedit.A.puttingbackB.putbackC.toputbackD.beputback29.Writingstoriesandarticles__whatIenjoymost.A.isB.areC.wasD.wereCA28.Remember__thenewspaper30.Hewasafraid___forbeinglate.A.ofseeingB.ofbeingseenC.tobeseenD.tohaveseenB30.Hewasafraid___forbein1.Summarizetherulesofv-ingformastheSubjectandObjectinyourownway.2.Finishtheexercisesof“Discoveringusefulstructures”onPage13.Homework1.Summarizetherulesofv-in3.Dosomeresearchonverbsfollowingthe

questions:

Whichverbsshouldbefollowedby

verb-ing

form

as

object?

Whichverbsshouldbefollowedby“to

do”?

Whichverbscanbefollowedby

both

forms?3.DosomeresearchonverbsfThankYou!ThankYou!

必修4必修4Unit2WorkingthelandLearningaboutlanguageUnit2_________brown(skin)fromspendingtoomuchtimeinthesun________tomakesomethingorsomebodyfreeof_________tobecomelargerinsize,numberoramountsunburntrid…ofexpandDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressions1Findthewordorphrasefromthetextforeachofthesemeanings._________brown(skin)fromsp4.________tomakeinformationandideasknowntomanypeople5.____________wouldpreferto6.________totryextremelyhardtoachievesomethingcirculatewould

ratherstruggle4.________tomakeinformatio7.______tosendthingstoforeigncountriesforsale8.___________pleasedbyhavingwhatonewantsorneeds9.______toprovidewiththingsnecessaryforacertainpurpose10._____plantsgrowninlargeamountsbyfarmers11._________becauseofexportsatisfiedwithequipcropthanks

to7.______tosendthingstofAnswerkeyforEx2:1.information:statistics;world:globe2.Strong:super;races:nationalities3.Nothavingenoughfood:hunger;

sickness:disease4.AsmallSoutheastAsiancountry:Vietnam;jobs:occupations5.Openconditions:freedom

soldandsentabroad:exportedAnswerkeyforEx2:1.informa3Completethepassagewiththewordsbelowintheirproperforms.disturbingexpandoutputstrugglebattlesgraincropsdecadeequipIn

thepast_______,someofthefarmersinthewestofChinahavemetwithsomesuccessinthe________againstthe__________desert._________withnewscientificfarmingmethods,decadestruggleexpandingEquipped3Completethepassagewithththeyhavebeenabletouselessfarmlandthaninthepast.Their______of_____andother______,however,isstillthesame,whichmakesitpossibleforthemtousetheremainingfarmlandforplantingtrees.Theseandotherfarmersarestartingtowinsmall______inthegreatwaragainstthe__________growthofthedesert.outputgraincropsbattlesdisturbingtheyhavebeenabletouselesThe–ingformastheSubjectandObjectGrammarThe–ingformastheSubjectaHaveyoueverseenthesesigns?parking,spitting,littering,smoking-ingformsHaveyoueverseenthesesigns

1.Sincethen,findingwaystogrowmorericehasbeenhislifegoal.2.Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmah-jong,swimmingandreading.3.Spendingmoneyonhimselfor

leadingacomfortablelifealsomeansverylittletohim.4.However,hedoesn’tcareaboutbeingfamous.Readthesentencesfromthereadingpassage.subjectsubjectobjectobject1.Sincethen,findingwayst1.动词-ing形式的构成:是在动词末尾加-ing形式构成,因此又叫动词的-ing形式。如:do-doing,be-being,ask-asking,etc.否定形式:not+-ing构成2.动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语,没有人称和数的变化,但可以有自己的宾语和状语,还有时态和语态的变化。3.动词-ing形式由动词加-ing变化而成,它同时具有名词和动词的特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语等。1.动词-ing形式的构成:是在动词末尾加-ing一、动词-ing形式作主语表示经常的、习惯性的动作或状态,谓语动词通常用单数。如：Walkingisagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.无论对年轻人和老年人来讲,走路是一种很好的锻炼。Watching

newsonTVhasbecomearoutineforme.在电视上看新闻已经成了我的一种日常习惯。一、动词-ing形式作主语Going

to

Hangzhoubytraintakesabout16hours.乘火车去杭州要16个小时。Asking

awoman’sageisimpoliteinourcountry.在我们国家问一个女人的年龄是不礼貌的。

GoingtoHangzhoubytraintak2.-ing形式作主语时常后置,此时须用it作形式主语,用形容词或名词作表语。常见的名词或名词短语有:nouse,nogood,fun,hardwork,ahard/difficultjob,awasteoftime等;形容词有:dangerous,worthwhile,useless等。如:It’snousemakinganexcuseforthis.为这件事找借口是没有用的。2.-ing形式作主语时常后置,此时须用itIt’sawasteoftimetalkingaboutsuchauselessthing.谈论这样无用的事情简直是浪费时间。It’sdangerousswimmingintheseaonwindydays.有风的天气在海里游泳是危险的。Itisworthwhilediscussingthequestion.这个问题值得讨论。It’sawasteoftimetalkinga

不定式作主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如：

It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.Herealizedthattogoonlikethiswaswrong.（指抽象动作）（指具体动作）不定式作主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如：（指注意：1、动名词作主语表单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。

Walkingaftersupperisgoodforyourhealth.2、动名词的复合结构作主语动名词的复合结构是指物主代词、名词所有格是动名词逻辑上的主语、动名词是其逻辑上的谓语。

Yourcomingmadeushappy.Yourfather’scookingisverygood.注意：考例

1.—WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset？

—__________hernewbicycle．

A.Asshelost

B.LostC.Losing

D.Becauseoflosing

解析：答案是C。losinghernewbicycle是句子的主语，谓语madehersoupset被省略；losing…在此表示具体的动作。考例1.—Whatdoyouthink2.Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts

____causedhearinglossinsometeenagers.（2010湖南卷）

A.isB.areC.hasD.have 答案：C解析：根据动名词短语作主语，句子的谓语动词用单数形式，由此排除B、D两项，根据主语与caused的主动关系，排除A项2.Listeningtoloudmusicat3.It’snouse_____withouttakingaction.(2011上海)A.complain B.complainingC.beingcomplained D.tobecomplained答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：光抱怨而不采取任何行动是没用的。根据句型It’snousedoingsth.“做某事没有意义”,可知选B。3.It’snouse_____withoutt3.在therebe结构中作主语,这种结构的意思相当于“Itisimpossibletodo…”。如：若要人不知,除非己莫为。Thereisno

hiding

ofevilbutnottodoit．这种事开不得玩笑。

Hereisno

joking

aboutsuchmatter.无法知道他什么时候离开Therewasno

knowing

whenhewouldleave.3.在therebe结构中作主语,这种结构的意思动名词与不定式做主语时的比较：动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作,不定式则通常表示具体的动作。如：还是个孩子的时侯,她就觉得探视病人是一种责任,也是一种愉悦。Asachild,shefeltthat

visitingsickpeople

wasadutyandapleasure．到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。Being

aguest

inanAmericanhomewillbeagoodexperienceforme.动名词与不定式做主语时的比较：一直不做就是作恶。

Doingnothing

isdoingill．他说:“继续这样下去是无用的。”

Hesaid,“To

go