Unit 5 Lesson1 知识点清单讲义 高中英语北师大版（2019）必修第二册

Unit5HumansandNatureTopicTalk知识点清单应用词汇1.flood类比crowdflooded▶▷n.洪水；大量afloodof/floodsof▶▷v.淹没；（像洪水一样）涌入floodin/into…▶▷adj.被水淹的befloodedwith…2.comment▶▷n.评论；意见make/givecommentson/aboutsth.nocomment无可奉告▶▷v.评论；表达意见commenton/upon…▶▷我拒绝对他的工作发表评论。Irefusetomakecommentson/commentonhiswork.3.crowd名词动词化crowded▶▷n.人群acrowdof/crowdsof▶▷v.使…拥挤；聚集crowdinto…crowdinonsb./crowdintoone’smind涌上某人的心头▶▷adj.拥挤的becrowdedwith…▶▷成群的人涌进了校车，不一会儿，校车就被挤满了。（读后续写动作描写）Crowdsofpeoplecrowdedintotheschoolbus，andinawhileitwascrowdedwithstudents.▶▷教室太挤，容不下其他任何一个学生。Theclassroomistoocrowdedtoholdanyoneelse.▶▷他突然有了一个想法；建设另一条高速公路就能解决问题。（读后续写无灵主语）Athoughtcrowdedintohismindthatbuildinganotherexpresswaycouldsolvetheproblem.4.living▶▷adj.活着的▶▷n.生计make/earna/one’sliving▶▷大学毕业后，他靠做兼职教师来维持生活。Aftergraduatingfromcollege,heearnshislivingasapart-timeteacher.5.shock☆shockedshocking▶▷n.震惊；冲击；剧烈震动；休克；电击cultureshockinshock震惊地(much)toone’s(great)shock（括号中二选一用）令某人（非常）震惊的是▶▷vt.使…震惊Itshockssb.todosth.做某事使某人震惊▶▷adj.感到震惊的beshockedat…beshockedtodo▶▷adj.令人震惊的 ▶▷他一句话也说不出来，只是震惊地指着远方。（读后续写情绪描写）Hecouldn’tsayaword,butpointedtothedistanceinshock.▶▷我受不了他的死亡所带来的打击。Ican’tstandtheshockofhisdeath.▶▷想到我们差点就没命，我心惊肉跳。（读后续写情绪描写）Itshockedmetothinkweweresoclosetodeath.▶▷这两个学生对这个关于自然的讲座感到震惊。Thetwostudentswereshockedatthelectureonlion▶▷n.百万millionsof数百万（s和of同时出现，hundred/thousand/billion）severalmillion应用词组1.turnone’sbackonturnouttobeturntosb.turndownturnover不理睬，对…撒手不管结果是向某人求助拒绝翻转；仔细考虑；移交▶▷他放弃了去看电影的机会。Heturnedhisbackonthechancetoseemovies.2.asaresultasaresultofresultinresultfrom结果因为，由于)；作为…的结果导致(=cause/leadto/bringabout)由于(=liein)课文词块积累naturaldisasters自然灾害water/air/noise/soilpollution水/空气/噪音/土壤污染environmentalproblems环境问题climatechange气候变化becoveredwith…被…覆盖givealectureon/about…作关于…的演讲inthefaceof…面对；面临；不顾▶▷突然，天空被乌云笼罩。（读后续写环境描写）Allatonce,theskywascoveredwithdarkclouds.▶▷在灾难面前，我们没有时间去悲伤。（读后续写升华）Inthefaceofdisasters,wehave/there’snotimetobesad.词性转换v.n.adj.adv.volcanovolcanicerupteruptionecologyecologicalUnit5HumansandNatureLesson1知识点清单ByQ.Kwan应用词汇1.wave▶▷n.波；波浪；（情绪）波动；挥手awaveof…givesb.awave▶▷v.起伏；挥动；挥手waveto/atsb.wavesb.goodbye=wavegoodbyetosb.▶▷Itfunctionsbyanalyzingthewavesoftheincomingsoundandcreatingasecondsetofoutgoingwaves.它通过分析传入声音的波和第二组传出的波来起作用。▶▷一股怒火/孤独感/…席卷了我（涌上心头）。（读后续写情绪描写+无灵主语）Awaveofanger/loneliness/…sweptoverme.2.escape☆从…逃走▶▷v.逃走；逃避；被忘掉；泄露escapefrom从…逃脱；逃避…escapedoing/beingdone逃脱做/被做某事▶▷n.逃走；逃避；泄露；出口haveanarrowescape九死一生；侥幸躲过▶▷Boblookedbackonlytofindanoldclassmatewhosenameescapedhimforthemoment.鲍比回头一看，却发现有一个老同学，名字他一时想不起来了。▶▷你能逃脱处罚真幸运。Youareluckyenoughtoescapebeingpublished.▶▷我离开帐篷，死里逃生。（读后续写逃生）Ihadanarrowescapebyleavingthetent./Iescapeddeathbyleavingthetent.3.survive☆活得长survivalsurvivor▶▷v.比…活得长；幸存；熬过；保存下来survivesth.幸免于；从…中活过来surviveon靠…存活下来AsurviveB(by+时间)A比B活得长（…）▶▷n.幸存；生还▶▷n.幸存者▶▷生活不是如何从暴风雨中幸存，而是要学会在雨中跳舞。（读后续写升华）Lifeisnotabouthowtosurvivethestorm,butaboutleaningtodanceintherain.4.frightfrightenfrightenedfrightening▶▷n.惊吓，恐怖toone’sfright▶▷v.使惊吓▶▷adj.感到害怕的，受惊的befrightenedtodosth.befrightenedof(doing)sth.▶▷adj.令人害怕的，骇人的5.edge边缘▶▷n.边缘；利刃；优势ontheedgeof在…边缘；（尤指不好的事）将要发生▶▷Ican‘tbeatyouattennis,butIhaveanedgeonyouinpingpong.▶▷Thecompanyisontheedgeofbreakingup.▶▷Thegamehadthecrowdontheedgeoftheirseats.6.curiouscuriositycuriously▶▷adj.好奇的becuriousabout对…感到好奇becurioustodo极想做某事▶▷n.好奇心outofcuriosity出于好奇meet/satisfyone’scuriosity满足某人的好奇心▶▷adv.好奇地7.equal☆equalityequally▶▷adj.相等的beequalto(doing)sth.等于/胜任（做）某事▶▷v.与…相等；比得上equalsb.in(doing)sth.在（做）某事上比得过某人▶▷n.同等的人；相等物▶▷n.平等；相等▶▷adv.相等地；公平地▶▷我相信我可以胜任这个职务，因为我有相关的经验。（应用文之申请信）IamsureIamequaltothepositionbecacseIhaverelevantexperience.课文词块积累beadaptedfrom从…改编haveaneffecton对…有影响beintroducedinto被引入allatonce突然间inthedirectionof朝…方向atthatmoment就在那时at…speed以…速度asyoucansee如你所见intheend最后，终于pickup拾起；用车接人；营救；接电话；取回；（偶然）学会；接收（信号、声音、图像等）；身体好转expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事referto指的是；参考；查阅；提到词性转换v.n.adj.adv.poet诗人poetry诗（总称）poem（一首两首）诗recogniserecognitionrecognisablehorrorhorriblehorriblyUnit5HumansandNatureLesson2知识点清单ByQ.Kwan应用词汇1.rescue▶▷n.[U]救援，营救；[C]营救行动cometoone’srescue营救某⼈arescueteam营救队▶▷vt.援救，营救rescue...from...把…从…解救出来▶▷Assoonastheaccidenthappened,therescueteamcametothevictims’rescue,andtheydidn’tgiveupanyhopeofrescuingthemfromdanger.（语境串记）事故⼀发生，营救受害者了，并且他们没有放弃使他们脱离危险的任何希望。2.trap☆陷阱▶▷n.陷阱，夹子，罗网；圈套，诡计；牢笼，困境setatrapfor为…设下圈套▶▷vt.设陷阱捕捉；把…困住，使陷入困境；(trapped)betrappedin…困在…中，陷⼊…o(doing)sth.诱使某人(做)某事(cheat/trick)▶▷在网上回答问题前要认真思考。你可能会被骗而泄露重要的个人信息。Thinkcarefullybeforeyouanswerquestionsonline.Youmaybetrappedintogivingawayveryimportantpersonalinformation.3.attempt☆attempted▶▷n.试图；尝试；努力(try)makeanattempttodosth./atdoingsth.试图做某事inanattempttodosth.试图做某事atone’sfirstattempt第⼀次努力▶▷v.试图；尝试；努力attempttodosth.试图/努⼒做某事attemptsth.尝试某事▶▷adj.企图的，未遂的▶▷尝试几次损伤修复后，他最终放弃了。Aftermakingseveralattemptstorepairthedemage,hefinallygaveup.▶▷他们封闭了道路，试图减少城市里的交通流量。Theyclosedtheroadinanattempttoreducetrafficinthecity.▶▷不要因为这次失败而感到沮丧，因为很少有人能在第一次尝试中成功。（应用文之安慰信）Don’tbeupsetbecauseofthisfailure,becausefewcansucceedatthefirstattempt.4.damage▶▷n.[U]损失；损害；[pl.]（法院判定的）损害赔偿⾦do/causedamageto…对…造成损害/破坏▶▷vt.损害；损坏（可修复）▶▷Theproblemisclearthatmanhasdonegreatdamagetoourhomeovertheyears.问题显而易见，多年来⼈类已经严重破坏了自己的家园。▶▷我们说的谎言正在对我们的孩子造成精神上的损害。Theliewe’retellingisdoingspiritualdamagetoourchildren.▶▷吃垃圾食品会严重损害你的健康。Eatingjunkfoodwillbadlydamageyourhealth.5.measure☆测量measurement▶▷n.度量单位；标准；量，程度；方法，措施takemeasures/steps/actiontodosth.采取措施做某事makesth.toone’smeasure照某⼈的尺寸做某物▶▷vt.测量；衡量▶▷link.v(指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为此时measure后通常跟测量的数据，不用于进行时和被动语态。▶▷n.尺寸；大小；测量▶▷该是我们采取措施阻止空气污染的时候了。（应用文之倡议信）Itis(high)timethatwetook/(should)takemeasurestokeepairfrombeingpolluted.▶▷这个黑板长10米。Theblackboardmeasures10meterslong.6.operate☆工作operationoperatorcooperatecoperation▶▷v.（使）运行；操作；动手术；经营，管理；起作用，奏效▶▷n.运行；（计算机的）运算，操作；手术；经营；企业，团体；行动put…intooperation实施；使…运转；启用▶▷n.操作员；运算符；经营者▶▷v.协作；配合▶▷n.协作；配合7.duty义务▶▷n.责任，义务；职责；值班；税It’sone’sduty/responsibilitytodosth做某事是某人的责任▶▷遵守交通规则是每个人的责任，以保持我们的社会秩序并走上正确的轨道。（应用文之倡议信）It’severybody’sdutytoobeytrafficrulestokeepoursocietyinorderandgoingontherighttrack.8.conduct☆引导名前动后conductor▶▷/kənˈdʌkt/vt.带领；指挥（军队、乐队等）；实施，管理；表现conductasurvey/anexperiment/aninterview进行调查/实验/面试conductoneselfwell/badly表现好/差▶▷/ˈkɒndʌkt/n.[U]管理方法；行为，举止▶▷n.指挥；售票员；列车长9.protectprotectionprotective▶▷v.保护protect…against…保护…以免…protect…fromdoing/beingdone保护…不被…▶▷n.保护，防护underprotection处在保护下▶▷adj.保护的，防护的▶▷必须采取有效措施保护环境免受污染。（应用文之倡议信）Effectivemeasuresmustbetakentoprotecttheenvironmentagainstpollution/frombeingpolluted.10.breathbreathebreathless▶▷/breθ/n.[U]呼吸的空气；[C]⼀起吸入的空气takeadeepbreath深深吸一口气outofbreath喘不过气holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸▶▷/bri:ð/v.呼吸breathein/out吸/呼气▶▷adj.气喘吁吁的；激动的▶▷这个流浪汉深吸一口气，屏住呼吸跳入河中。（读后续写动作描写）Thehomelessmantookadeepbreath/breathed(in)deeplyandheldhisbreathbeforehejumpedintotheriver.▶▷如果你仍然感到紧张，你可以在演讲前深呼吸。（应用文之倡议信）Ifyoustillfeelnervous,youcantakeadeepbr