英语中几大从句

英语中几大从句英语中几大从句英语中几大从句xxx公司英语中几大从句文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度英语中几大从句的用法总结

2010-03-1622:08:46|

分类：\o"语法学习"语法学习|

标签：|字号大中小

订阅⒈主语从句

⑴主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有：*It

is

a

fact\a

pity\a

question\good

news

that...*It

seems\appears\happened\has

turned

out

that...*It

is

clear\important\likely\possible

that...*It

is

said\reported\estimated\has

been

proved

that...*It

is

said

that

comic

books

create

a

connection

between

people

of

the

same

generation.*It

seems

that

the

performance

is

very

useful.⑵what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。*What

we

lack

is

experience.⑶what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。*How

the

plan

is

to

be

carried

out

should

be

discussed

again.*I

did

know

why

I

felt

like

crying.⒉宾语从句⑴宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in

that(因为),except

that(除了),but

that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。*I

promised

that

I

would

change

the

situation.*All

this

is

different

from

what

American

young

peoplewould

say

about

friendship.*He

is

certain

that

watching

so

much

television

is

notgood

for

children.*This

article

is

well-written

except

that

it

is

a

bit

too

long.⑵宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。*He

has

made

it

clear

that

he

would

not

change

his

mind.⑶在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中，如果谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓语上，宾语从句则变成肯定形式。*He

didn't

think

that

the

money

was

well

spent.⒊表语从句⑴表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外，还可由because,as

if(though)等引导。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because.*Perhaps

the

most

important

thing

to

remember

is

that

there

is

noone

common

type

of

life

in

America.*The

reason

why

so

many

people

died

there

is

that

there

were

not

enough

food

supplies.*It

looks

as

if

successful

international

cultural

communication

will

make

the

world

smaller.⑵宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。

*He

has

made

it

clear

that

he

would

not

change

his

mind.4.同位语从句

同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明，一般用连词that引导，由于先行名词的意义不同，也可用whether/who/when/where/what/why/how等引导。常见的先行名词有fact/idea/belief/news/hope/conclusion/evidence/suggestion/order/Problem/report,/decision.有时由于谓语较短，将同位语从句位于谓语之后。

*She

finally

made

the

decision

that

she

would

join

the

fashion

show.*I

had

no

idea

how

many

books

I

could

borrow

at

a

time.*The

news

came

that

their

team

had

won

thechampionship.5.定语从句

【定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是一个句子。定语从句通

常位于先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导】

⑴限制性定语从句【限制性定语从句修饰先行词，对先行词起修饰作用，紧接先行词之后，无逗号，若省去，原句意思不完整。引导定语从句的关系代词有who/whom/whose/which/that等who/whom/whose用于指人，whose有时也可指物，相当于of

which；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定语从句中。关系代词除了引导定语从句，替代先行词外，还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等】

*The

computers

and

cables

which

make

up

the

Internet

are

owned

bypeople

and

organizations.

*Those

who

live

alone

or

who

are

sick

may

have

trouble

in

gettingclose

to

other

people.

*The

girl

whose

parents

died

in

an

accident

is

living

with

hergrandmother.

1)当先行词是all/anything/everything/something/nothing等不定代词或先行词前有first/last/any/few/much/some/no/only以及形容词最高级修饰时，只能用关系代词that引导从句。

*That

is

all

that

I've

heard

from

him.

*He's

the

first

person

that

I'm

going

to

interview

this

afternoon.

2)在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。关系代词紧跟介词，作介词宾语时不可用that，只可用which或whom引导从句，并且不可省略，但当介词位于宾语从句句末时，作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that，也可省略。

*This

is

one

of

those

things

with

which

we

have

to

put

up.

*This

is

one

of

those

things

(which\that)

we

have

to

put

up

with.

3)引导定语从句的关系副词有when/where/why等。关系副词在从句中作状语，意义上相当于一个“介词+which”的结构。

*Even

in

comic

books

where(=in

which)

there

are

no

words,the

stories

are

fully

expressed

through

the

drawings.

*No

one

knows

the

reason

why(=for

which)

he

was

so

angry

that

day.⑵非限制性定语从句【非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词，也可修饰整个主句，起补充说明作用，与主句之间有逗号隔开，若省去，原句意思不受影响。不可用that引导非限制性定语从句。关系词不可省略】

*Every

object

has

a

gravitational

pull,which

is

rather

likemagnetism.

⑶“介词+which\whom\whose”引导的定语从句【“介词+which\whom\whose”可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句，该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固

定搭配，或先行词的习惯搭配】

*This

is

the

computer

on

which

he

spent

all

his

savings

*It

is

written

by

a

person

with

whom

we

are

all

familiar.

⑷as引导的定语从句【as引导的定语从句主要用于“such...as”及“the

same...as”的结构中，代替先行词是人或物的名词。as引导非限制性定语句时，代替整个主句，从句可位于主句之前、之后或中间】

*These

are

not

such

problems

as

can

be

easily

solved.(as代替先行词problems)

*As

is

mentioned

above,no

single

company

or

group

can

Controlwhat

happens

on

the

Internet.(as代替主语)

6.状语从句⑴时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组有：1）when/whenever/while/as/after/before/since/till/until/once等。

*We

have

learnt

quite

a

lot

about

it

since

we

came

here.2)as

soon

as/hardly(scarcely)...when/no

sooner...than/each(every)

time/the

moment/immediately(that)等。

*As

soon

as

I

sent

an

e-mail

message,I

received

positive

responses.

*The

moment

he

heard

the

good

news,he

jumped

with

joy.⑵地点状语从句

引导地点状语从句的连词是where,wherever.

*Wherever

she

went,she

took

her

little

daughter

with

her.⑶原因、结果和目的状语从句1)引导原因状语从句的连词有：because/as/since/now(that)/seeing

that/considering

that/in

that等。

*Considering

that

he

is

a

freshman,we

must

say

he

is

doing

well.2)引导结果状语从句的连词有：so...that,/such...that/so

that/

that/so等。

*Mickey

Mouse

is

so

attractive

that

the

children

are

reluctant

to

leave.3)引导目的状语从句的连词有：so

that/in

order

that/for

fear

that/lest等，从句常使用may/might/can/could/would等情态动词。

*We

got

up

early

this

morning

so

that

we

could

catch

the

first

bus

tothe

railway

station.⑷条件和让步状语从句1）引导条件状语从句的连词有：if/unless,as(so)

long

as/on

condition

that/in

case/provided(providing)

that/supposing等。

*As

long

as

you

have

the

right

equipment,you

can

use

a

telephone

lineto

transmit

computer

data.2)引导让步状语从句though/althoug