英语倒装句讲解

英语倒装句讲解英语倒装句讲解英语倒装句讲解xxx公司英语倒装句讲解文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度英语倒装句讲解倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装一．全部倒装全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：1）here,there,now,then,thus等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如：Thencamethechairman.那时总裁来了。Hereisyourletter.你的信。2）表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。例如：Outrushedamissilefromunderthebomber.轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。Aheadsatanoldwoman.前面坐着一个老妪。3)在therebe或者therelive(stand,appear,seem,remain,exist….)句型中。例如：Therearethousandsofpeopleonthesquare.Therelivedanoldfishermaninthevillage.Therestandsalittlegirl.4）在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如：LonglivethePeople'sRepublicofChina!中华人民共和国万岁！Mayyouallbehappy.愿你们都快乐。Wishyougoodluck.祝你好运。注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如：Hereyouare.Herehecomes.他来了。Awaytheywent.他们走开了。二．倒部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。句首为否定或半否定的词语。如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,scarcely,atnotime决不,bynomeans,onnoaccount,innocase,manyatime,undernocircumstances,innoway,manyatime,notuntil…等。例如：NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.从未见过如此糟糕的表演。Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。当Notuntil引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。即：后倒前不倒。典型例题1）Whycan'tIsmokehere

Atnotime___inthemeeting-roomA.issmokingpermittedB.smokingispermittedC.smokingisitpermittedD.doessmokingpermit2）Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___whatheatis.A.mandidknowB.manknowC.didn'tmanknowD.didmanknow改写为正常语序为Mandidnotknowwhatheatisuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19th.2．以否定连词开头作部分倒装如Notonly…butalso,Hardly/Scarcely…when,Nosooner…than等，前倒后不倒。例如：Notonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.她刚出门，就有个学生来访。Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.她刚出门，就有个学生来访。典型例题Nosooner___thanitbegantorainheavily.A.thegamebeganB.hasthegamebegunC.didthegamebeginD.hadthegamebegun注意：只有当Notonly…butalso连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Notonly…butalso仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构，如NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic。3．so,neither,nor作部分倒装。表示另一主语“也…样”时，用“So+be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语”结构；而表示另一主语“也不…样”时，用“Nor\Neither+be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语”结构。例如：TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。Ifyouwon'tgo,neitherwillI.你不去，我也不去。典型例题---DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother

---Idon'tknow，_____.A.nordon'tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon'tcareneitherD.Idon'tcarealso答案：B.nor为增补意思"也不关心"，因此句子应倒装。A错在用don't再次否定，Cneither用法不对且缺乏连词。D缺乏连词。注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。例如：TomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoIdid.汤姆邀我去踢球，我去了。---It'sraininghard.---Soitis.雨下得真大。是呀。4．only在句首倒装的情况。only+副词；或介词短语；或状语从句时，主句倒装。例如：OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.只有这样，你才能学好英语。（only+介词短语）Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.叫了三次，他才来参加会议。Onlyyesterdaydidhefindoutthathiswatchwasmissing.（only+副词）Onlywhenitbegantoraindidhefinishhisjob.（only+状语从句）如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如：Onlywhenheisseriouslyilldoesheeverstayinbed.病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。5．as,though引导的部分倒装as/though引导的让步从句由于语法需要，可将表语或状语提前（形容词,副词,分词,实义动词提前）。例：Shortestas/thoughsheis,sheisnottherichest.(倒装后，最高级前不用冠词)Childasheis,heknowsalot.(倒装后，单数名词前不用a)FailasIdid,Iwouldtryagain.(倒装后，实义动词提前，在主语后添加助动词。)Hardashetried,hedidn'tpasstheexam.(副词提到句首)Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.他工作很努力，但总不能让人满意。注意：让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是though和yet可连用。6．so…that，such…that引导的结果状语从句中，当so和such位于句首时，用”so\such+adj.+主语+谓语”。例如：Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.他害怕得很，动也不敢动。Sodifficultwastheexamthatmostofthestudentsfailedtopassit.考试如此难，以至于大多数同学没能考过。7.在if虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,had,should等词，可将if省略，把were,had,should移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如：Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotplaybasketball.如果明天下雨，我们就不会去打篮球了。=Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotplaybasketball.HadIpreparedwell,Icouldn'thavelostthejob.如果我准备充分了，就不会失去这份工作了=IfIhadpreparedwell,Icouldn'thavelostthejob.WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.=IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.我是你的话，就再试一次。倒装练习1.Onlywhenyouhaveobtainedsufficientdata______cometoasoundconclusion.A.canyouB.youcanC.wouldyouD.youwould2.______thatthisregionwassorichinnaturalresources.A.LittleheknewB.LittledidheknowC.LittlehedidknowD.Littlehehadknown3.Neveragain______politicalofficeafterhis1928defeatforthepresidency.A.AlfredE.SmithseriouslysoughtB.seriouslyAlfredE.SmithsoughtC.whendidAlfredE.SmithseriouslyseekD.didAlfredE.Smithseriouslyseek4.Onlyinrecentyears______beguntorealizethatwilddogs,keptwithinbounds,oftendomoregoodthanharm.A.peoplehaveB.sincepeoplehaveC.havepeopleD.peoplewhohave5._______,wewerenotgoingtomakeanyconcessionstohisunreasonabledemands.A.WhatmaycomeB.ComewhatmayC.MaywhatcomeD.Whatcome6.NotuntilIshoutedatthetopofmyvoice______hishead.A.thatheturnedB.didheturnC.hedidn’tturnD.hehadturned7.______receivedlawdegreesastoday.A.NeversowomenhaveB.Thewomenaren’teverC.WomenwhohaveneverD.Neverhavesomanywomen8.Heatdoesnottravelbyconvectioninsolid,becausethesoliddoesnotmove,______.A.sodoesaliquidB.soaliquiddoesC.asdoesaliquidD.soisaliquid9.Onnoaccount______toanyone.A.mynamemustbementionedB.mustmynamementionC.mustmynamebementionedD.mynamemustmention10.______thattheymayeventuallyreducetheamountoflaborneededonconstructionsitesby90percent.A.SuchconstructionrobotsarecleverB.SoclevertheconstructionrobotsareC.SocleveraretheconstructionrobotsD.Suchcleverconstructionrobotsare11.______dowegoforpicnics.A.CertainlyB.SometimesC.SeldomD.Once12.______isitonlytheignorantandill-educatedpersonwhohassuchfaithinthebottleofmedicine.A.EitherB.OftenC.NorD.Usually13.Heranswerisnotacceptable,and______.A.neitheramIB.eitherismineC.neitherismineD.mineisneither14.______,Imustdoanotherexperiment.A.BeiteversolateB.ItiseversolateC.ItbeeversolateD.Solateitbeever15.Sofast______thatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.A.lighttravelB.travelsthelightC.dolighttravelD.doeslighttravel16.Asneezecannotbeperformedvoluntarily,______beeasilysuppressed.A.noritcanB.norcanitC.itcannotD.andcannotit17.______notebookandreportthatIpromisedyoulastweek.A.HereistheB.HerearetheC.IsheretheD.Areherethe18.______alittlemoretimetothink,hemighthaveactedmoresensibly.A.IfhetookB.IfhehastakenC.hadhetakenD.Shouldhetake19.Beneathourfeet______thatourlifedependsonforfoodandclothing.A.theearthlayB.theearthliesC.lietheearthD.liestheearth20._____thebeginningofthe19thcenturydidscientistsknowthatallmatterismadeupofatoms.A.AtB.ByC.UptoD.Notuntil21.Hardly______hegotoutofthecourt______thereportersraisedalotofquestionstohim.A.had…whenB.had…thanC.did…whenD.has…than22.Amongthesebooks______adictionarythathisfathergavehimasabirthdaypresent.A.haveincludedB.isincludedC.hasincludedD.areincluded23.Nolongerarecontributionstocomputertechnologyconfinedtoanyonecountry;______isthismoretruethaninEurope.A.nowhereB.hardlyC.littleD.seldom24.Important______hisdiscoverywas,itwasregardedasamatterofnoaccountinhistime.A.toB.forC.asD.although25.Accordingtotheperiodictable,______stillsomeelementsundiscovered.A.thereseemtobeB.itseemsC.itseemstobeD.hereseems26.Here______youwanttosee.A.themanagercomesB.comesthemanagerC.comesamanagerD.iscomingamanager27.Barrycanhardlydriveacar,______.A.socan’tMollyB.can’tMollyeitherC.Mollycan’ttooD.neithercanMolly28._______fortheleadershipoftheParty,weshouldnothavesucceeded.A.HadnotitbeenB.HaditnotbeenC.TherewasD.Isthere29.______noairorwater,therewouldbenolifeintheworld.A.WerethereB.ThereareC.TherewasD.Isthere30.Notonly______thedatafedintoit,butitcanalsoanalyzethem.A.thecomputercanmemorizeB.canthecomputermemorizeC.dothecomputermemorizeD.canmemorizethecomputer31.Notonce______hisviewoflife.A.didthegentlemanmentionB.thegentlemanmentionedthatC.thegentlemanmentionedD.doesgentlemanmentioned32.Bynomeans______theirownlanguagewell.A.itistruethatallEnglishpeopleknowB.isittruethatdoallEnglishpeopleknowC.itistruethatdoallEnglishpeopleknowD.isittruethatallEnglishpeopleknow33.Themoleculesofgasesmovemorefreelythan______.A.doliquidsandsolidsB.liquidsandsolidsdoC.dothoseofliquidsandsolidsD.thosedoofliquidsandsolids34.Theworld’sbirthratesareonadeclineand______arethedeathrates.A.soB.alsoC.tooD.thesame35._____isthevolumeofchemicalgoods.A.ConstantlygrowingtooB.TooconstantlygrowingC.GrowingconstanttooD.Toogrowingconstant36.Manyatime_______mewithmyEnglishstudy.A.havehehelpedB.hashehelpedC.hehavehelpedD.didhehavehelped37.Typicalofthenewtypeofyoungpeople______,whosetashiningexampletothewholenation.A.wasLeiFengB.WereLeiFengC.LeiFengwasD.LeiFengwere38.WhatMr.Smithdidwasimportant,but______.A.moreimportantthewayofhedidthingswasB.thewayofhedidthingswasmoreimportantC.moreimportantwasthewayhedidthingsD.moreimportantthewaywerehedidthings39.Shedidn’twanttobuyit,______.A.howevergoodwasitB.howevergooditwasC.forhowgoodmightitbeD.forhowgooditmightbe40.______,itisalwayspossibletofindoutitsvolume.A.WhatevertheshapeofabodymaybeB.TheshapeofabodymaybewhateverC.MaywhatevertheshapeofabodybeD.Whatevermaytheshapeofabodybe41.Iwon’tpay$20forthecoat;it’snotworth______.A.allthatmuchB.thatmuchallC.thatallmuchD.muchallthat42.Hotairaccompaniedbyhighrelativehumidityfeelswarmerthan______.A.isitactuallyB.itactuallyisC.actuallyitisD.actuallyisit43.Qingdaoisusuallycoolinsummer,butNanjing______.A.israrelyB.scarcelyisC.hardlyisD.rarelyis44.David,somethingimportanthashappened.Iwishto______.A.talkitoverwithyouB.talkoveritC.talkoverD.talkyouoverit45.______,morethan200ho