现代交换技术课程设计

现代交换技术课程设计实验报告组员:通信100210211042李鹏程组员:通信100210211091胡显安指导教师:卢燕飞软交换IP电话的实现1.1实验目的:如图1-1所示,需完成的实验目的如下:(1电话1和电话2通话;(2电话3和电话1,2通话;(3Netmeeting和其它电话通话;(4利用wireshark软件分析其中的相关协议。图1-11.2实验步骤:按图1-2所示,连接电脑、路由器、电话和交换机,并配置各端口地址,保证连通性:图1-2如图1-3所示,按照框图顺序进行操作,配置对应语音实体:图1-31.3程序代码:所设置的IP地址、语音实体、电话号码,如图1-2所示:具体配置的程序如下:路由器1:interfaceEthernet0/0portlink-moderouteipaddressinterfaceSerial0/0pression1st-levelg723r63entity9potsline1/0match-template9compression1st-levelg723r63entity11voipaddressipmatch-template11compression1st-levelg723r63iproute-static路由器2:interfaceEthernet0/0portlink-moderouteipaddressinterfaceSerial0/0link-protocolpppipaddressvoice-setupundovoiph323-conftcs-t38entity9voipaddressipmatch-template9compression1st-levelg723r63entity55voipaddressipmatch-template8885compression1st-levelg723r63entity96voipaddressipmatch-template96compression1st-levelg723r63entity8886voipaddressipmatch-template8886compression1st-levelg723r63entity8888potsline1/0match-template8888compression1st-levelg723r63entity8889potsline1/1match-template8889compression1st-levelg723r63iproute-static1.4协议分析:利用Wireshark软件,进行对H.323协议的捕捉与分析,所得协议及分析如下:H.323信令流程分析流程如图1-4及图1-5所示:图1-4图1-5Netmeeting呼叫FXS端电话8889时：TCP三次握手建立连接：TCPopennl>h323hostcall[SYN]Seq=0Win=65535Len=0MSS=1460WS=3TCPh323hostcall>opennl[SYN,ACK]Seq=0Ack=1Win=8192Len=0MSS=1460TCPopennl>h323hostcall[ACK]Seq=1Ack=1Win=65535Len=0------------TCP[TCPsegmentofareassembledPDU]TCPh323hostcall>opennl[ACK]Seq=1Ack=5Win=8192Len=0H.225呼叫建立消息：H.225.0CS:setup请求建立呼叫H.225.0CS:callProceeding响应Setup消息，表示被叫号码已全，呼叫建立----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------过程已启动TCPopennl>h323hostcall[ACK]Seq=207Ack=50Win=65486Len=0H.225.0CS:alerting指示呼叫已经达到被叫，正向其发通知指示被叫用户应答H.225.0CS:connect建立连接------------TCPopennl-voice>ansys-lm[SYN]Seq=0Win=65535Len=0MSS=1460WS=3TCPansys-lm>opennl-voice[SYN,ACK]Seq=0Ack=1Win=8192Len=0MSS=1460TCPopennl-voice>ansys-lm[ACK]Seq=1Ack=1Win=65535Len=0TCP[TCPsegmentofareassembledPDU]------------H.245控制通信信道的建立、维护和释放：能力集交换过程：H.245terminalCapabilitySet终端能力集请求H.245terminalCapabilitySetH.245terminalCapabilitySetAck终端能力集证实响应H.245terminalCapabilitySetAck主从决定建立过程和逻辑信道信令过程：H.245masterSlaveDeterminationAck主从确定证实TCP[TCPsegmentofareassembledPDU]H.245openLogicalChannel(g7231打开逻辑信道请求H.245masterSlaveDeterminationAck主从确定证实H.245openLogicalChannelAck打开逻辑信道证实响应------------TCPopennl>h323hostcall[ACK]Seq=207Ack=197Win=65339Len=0TCP[TCPsegmentofareassembledPDU]TCPansys-lm>opennl-voice[ACK]Seq=272Ack=336Win=8192Len=0H.245openLogicalChannelAck打开逻辑信道证实响应------------话音通信：（使用G.723标准语音压缩）G.723.1PT=ITU-TG.723,SSRC=0xCF7A2D7A,Seq=11642,Time=0,MarkG.723.1PT=ITU-TG.723,SSRC=0x29B22B3F,Seq=49810,Time=5608,MarkRTCPSenderReportSourcedescription实时传输控制协议挂机：H.225呼叫清除消息：------------H.245结束会话命令：TCP4次握手连接释放：RTCPSenderReportSourcedescriptionH.225.0CS:releaseComplete响应Release消息，指示释放信道和呼叫引用（CR）TCP[TCPsegmentofareassembledPDU]H.245endSessionCommandTCPopennl>h323hostcall[FIN,ACK]Seq=207Ack=243Win=65293Len=0TCPansys-lm>opennl-voice[FIN,ACK]Seq=272Ack=359Win=8192Len=0TCPopennl-voice>ansys-lm[ACK]Seq=366Ack=273Win=65264Len=0TCPh323hostcall>opennl[FIN,ACK]Seq=243Ack=207Win=8192Len=0TCPopennl>h323hostcall[ACK]Seq=208Ack=244Win=65293Len=0TCPansys-lm>opennl-voice[RST]Seq=272Win=0Len=0TCPansys-lm>opennl-voice[RST]Seq=272Win=8192Len=0TCPh323hostcall>opennl[FIN,ACK]Seq=243Ack=208Win=8192Len=0TCPansys-lm>opennl-voice[RST]Seq=273Win=8192Len=01.5问题与分析：我们在实验过程中主要是遇到了如下几个问题（参见图1-3）：1.分别连接在两台路由器上的Netmeeting和电话不能互打，解决办法是在分别在两个路由器上设置到达对方的voip实体。2.电脑上的netmeeting和连接路由器的电话都无法打通连接小交换机的电话，小交换机的电话也打不出任何电话，始终听到的是忙音。解决办法是在连接交换机的路由器2上设置了到达电话3的pots实体9，同时创建到达路由器1的voip实体11，同时在路由器2上设置到达小交换机连接电话3的96语音实体，实现二次拨号功能从而可以与电话3之间互通。3.用Netmeeting（号码