201906大学英语B例题精讲

感谢赏析201906大学英语B例题精讲一、考试内容与要求【语法】考生应较好地掌握基本的英语语法知识，并能在社交中较正确地运用。【词汇】考生应认知3000个单词，并娴熟掌握此中的1800个单词及其基本的搭配。【社交能力】考生应掌握平时生活常有状况中的基本社交用语。【阅读】考生应能读懂与平时生活和社会生活有关的不同样种类的文字资料，阅读速度为每分钟50个单词。考生应能：1．理解主旨要义；2．理解文中详尽信息；3．依据上下文推测生词词义；4．进行有关的判断、推理和引申，理解作者的企图、见解和态度。【翻译】考生应能在规准时间内将难度适中的英词句子翻译成中文。考生应能：1．对英语原文有正确理解；2．做到译文畅达、达意。【写作】考生应能在规准时间内写出长度好多于80词的短文。考生应能：1．用较正确的语法、词汇、拼写、标点进行表达；2．基本做到内容贴题，条理清楚；3．依据不同样的写作目的进行有针对性的写作。二、试卷构造与题型时间部分项目内容题型题量分值总分（分钟）I社交用语5个简洁对话单项选择53155II2篇短文，每正误判断、单项1022020阅读理解篇5道题选择III词汇与构造5个单句单项选择521010IV完型填空1篇短文单项选择531510V英译汉6个单句笔译653020VI写作1篇作文命题作文1101025总计3210090感谢赏析感谢赏析三、专项解说1.社交英语UseofEnglish社交英语部分为的目的是测试考生在平时生活状况中的英语语言运用能力。答题技巧：（1）研究答语的规律.礼貌规则：不论在任何场合、表达什么见解/感情，发话/发问和应答都要有礼貌，即便表达不同样见解或责备建议，也要委宛间接表达，使对方听起来不难听。（1）关于他人对自己的邀请、炫耀、庆祝、赞叹以及感谢等都要表示感谢（Thanks）。—That’sabeautifuldressyouhaveon!—____________A.Oh,thanks.Igotityesterday.B.Sorry,it’stoocheap.C.YoucanhaveitD.Seeyoulater.2）关于他人的邀请，永久是先答应，即便不可以赴约，也要说明不可以去的原因—Canyougotothecinemawithusthisevening?—_______A.No,Ialreadyhaveplans.B.I’dloveto,butI’mbusytonight.C.No,Ireallydon’tlikebeingwithyou.D.I’mill,soIshouldn’tgoout.（3）给他人带来不方便或许对方有恳求时却不可以赏赐帮助要说“对不起”SORRY，并要说明不可以帮忙的原因或许告诉对方怎么做—Canyouturndowntheradio,please?—_____________________.A.Oh,IknowB.I’msorry,Ididn’trealizeitwasthatloud.感谢赏析感谢赏析C.I’llkeepitdownnexttimeD.Pleaseforgiveme利他原则：在平时社交中，英语国家人民形成了一种风俗，即要尽可能为对方供给帮助和方便，对他人碰到的好事/成功要表示快乐，坏事要表示悲伤/痛惜，===感同身受所以在社交用语中也要表现出来这种偏向.—IamgoingtotheCityHall,canyoutellmehowtogetthere,madam?—__________________.A.No,youdon’tknowB.Idon’tknow.C.Yes,youwill.D.Sorry,Iamnewheretoo.Butyoucanaskthepolicemanoverthere.文化依据原则：在选择社交用语时，大家要有跨文化视角，也就是说，要战胜本民族的习惯思想和应答模式，要使用得体的、符合对方习惯的方式来应答。2）要熟习各样状况的对话用语，这样可以在短时间内，判断对话发生的地址和场景。问候陌生人之间：Howdoyoudo!Nice/Gladtomeetyou!答语：Howdoyoudo!Nice/Gladtomeetyou,too!熟人之间Howareyou?Howhaveyoubeen?/Howareyoudoing?/How’severything?/How’severythinggoing?What’snew?/What’shappening?/What’sup?答语：Fine,thankyou!/Thanks.Andyou?/Prettygood!/Notbad!(2)恳求同意和应答提出恳求May/Can/couldIuse(borrow/take/ask/see)？Iwonder/Iamwonderingif?Wouldyouplease？Doyouthink?Do/WouldyoumindifI/mydoing回答恳求感谢赏析感谢赏析同意：Sure./Certainly./Ofcourse./Byallmeans./Yes,doplease./Hereyouare./Goahead拒绝：I’mafraid/I’msorry,but/I’msorryyoucan’t./You’dbetternot.(3)邀请与应答提出邀请Wouldyouliketo？Will/Canyoucometo？I’dliketoinviteyoutoShall.wego.回答邀请同意：Yes/thankyou,I’dlove\toYes,.it’sverykindofyou\.Thatwouldbeverynice.拒绝：Thanks/Sorry，I/I’dliketobut/I’dlovetobut恳求/供给帮助及应答A.恳求/供给帮助Canyou(helpmewith)CanIhelpyou/WhatcanIdoforyou？Wouldyoulikemetohelpyouwith?应答供给帮助：Sure.Noproblem.I’dloveto接受帮助：Thanks.Thatwouldbenice./It’ssoniceofyou.Thankyouforyourhelp.礼貌地拒绝：I’msorryNo,thanks./That’sok.Icanmanageitmyself.祝福、庆祝、赞叹表达祝福、赞叹GoodLuck;Congratulation；Haveagoodtime;Enjoyyourself;WishyousuccessHowlovely/beautiful;/Youlookgreattoday!/Youdidverygoodjob!/Wearesoproudofyou!应答：Thankyou依据英语表达习惯，在回答他人的赞叹、庆祝时，必然要表示感谢。（6）对不起、遗憾表达遗憾：I’msorrytohear;Whatapity;It’stoobad应答：It’sverykindofyou感谢赏析感谢赏析（7）感谢Thankyou;Thanksalot应答：Notatall./That’sallright.You’rewelcome./Mypleasure/Noproblem（8）劝说、建议、提示、邀请You’dbetter(not)do/Youshould;Whydon’tyou/WhynotWhat/Howabout/Shallwe应答：Sure./Great./Whynot？That’sagoodidea.I’lltakeyouradvice.;No,thanks（9）表示介怀与不介怀Wouldyoumind.../Doyoumind...你介怀。。。必然回答==介怀==不可以做某件事否认回答===不介怀==能做某件事应答：不介怀：No,notatall/Ofcoursenot/Certainlynot/No,goahead介怀I’mafraid.../I’msorry,或butI...’dratheryoudidn’t(10)咨询信息Howlong?（咨询长度）Howfar?（咨询距离）Howmuch?（咨询价钱或不可以数名词的量）Howmany?（咨询可数名词的数目）Howoften?（咨询频次）Who/Whom?（咨询人物）感谢赏析感谢赏析Where?（咨询地址）When/Atwhattime?（咨询时间）How?（咨询方式）咨询职业：Whatdoyoudo?您是做什么的？Whatdoyoudoforaliving?What’syoursister(father,mother,brother...)?Whatdoesyourfatherdo?咨询时间或日期：Whattimeisit?Doyouhavethetime?What’sthedatetoday?今(天是几号？)Whatdayisittoday?(今日是礼拜几？)回答:直扣主题，供给对方需要的信息。注意：①特别疑问句的答语平时针对特别疑问词做出详尽的回答。②一般疑问句平时用yes和no往返答，时态人称要一致。③当神态动词must惹起一般问句：“必然吗？”，其否认回答平时用“youneedn’t/don’thaveto”表示“没有必需”。④选择疑问句是问话者供给两个或两个以上答案供对方择一回答的问句，答语应做出一个明确的选择。⑤反意问句的答语应依据实质状况确立：内容是必然的，就用yes，此后则跟必然句；内容能否认的，则用no，此后则跟否认句。11）生活场景打电话发话方Hello！May/Could/CanIspeakto?感谢赏析感谢赏析Isin/overthere?(你好！请找某某接电话好吗?)B.受话方①当你就是对方要找的听话人时：Thisis(speaking).(我就是某某，请讲。)Whoisthat(speaking)?(你是哪位?)②当对方要找的人不在场时，需要去叫他/她Holdon,please/Onemoment.(I’llgethim/her.)(请稍等，我去叫他/她。)③当对方要找的人不在或不可以接电话时，Sorry,heisbusyatthemoment.Sorry,heisn’there/isoutrightnow.(对不起，他/她不在/此刻忙)(CanItakeamessageforyou?)(我能替你捎个话吗?)CanIleaveamessage?留口信④当发现对方拨错电话号码时，I’mafraidyou’vegotthewrongnumber.(我想你拨错号码了。)问路咨询道路Excuseme,canyoutellmethewayto？Excuseme,whereis/howcanIget？toExcuseme,isthereanyaround（here?回答当知道对方咨询的道路，就必然要给出详尽信息Godown（up）thestreet./Turnright（left）当不知道对方咨询的道路，对不起地说明原委Sorry,Idon’tknow.Sorry,I’mastranger/newhere.感谢赏析感谢赏析（3）除去法社交用语部分试题的选项中，错误选项不单错得比较显然，并且有必然规律可循。错项的类型大概有：选项自己语法错误；B.选项议题与讲话主题没关；C.选项显然违犯上述三原则；选项固然与讲话主题有关，但不可以供给发问者要求的信息、态度或见解；1）—Mary,areyouandyourhusbandbusythisweekend?—______________.A.thisweekendwemaygotocinemaB.No,we’renotC.Oh,it’snoneofyourbusinessD.Welcometoourparty2）—Youarenotthemanagerhere,areyou?—_________________.A.Yes,I’mnotB.No,IamC.Yes,IamD.No,notatall3）—WouldyoulikeanothersliceofChristmascake?—____________I’mfull.A.Yes,please.B.Nomore,thanks.C.Whynot?D.Nothingmore.TIPS：1）社交用语的答案不是显然的对错问题，它是能否符合口语习惯的问题。答题时，不是寻找错误，而是判断语言的使用能否规范。2）要熟习各样状况的对话用语，这样可以在短时间内，判断对话发生的地址和场景。3）要熟习西方人们平时的社交习惯，礼貌规则。这里所说的人们交往的社交习惯应当是西方文化中的习惯，而不是东方文化中的习惯，特别是我们自己生活中习惯了的交往方式。感谢赏析感谢赏析社交用语练习1、-Couldyouhelpmewithmyphysics,please？________A.No,noway.B.No,Icouldn't.C.No,Ican't.D.SorryIcan't.Ihavetogotoameetingrightnow.2、-Doyoumindmysmokinghere?_______A.No,thanks.B.Yes,Ido.C.Yes.I'drathernot.D.Goodidea.3、-Congratulations!Youwonthefirstprizeintoday'sspeechcontest.-________A.Yes,Ibeattheothers.B.No,no,Ididn'tdoitwell.C.Thankyou.D.It'sapleasure.4、-Excuseme,howmuchisthejacket?It's499Yuan.________A.Oh,no.That'sOK!B.Howdoyoulikeit?C.Whichdoyouprefer?D.Wouldyouliketotryiton?5、-Thankyouforinvitingme.-_______A.Ireallyhadahappytime.B.Oh,it'stoolate.C.Thankyouforcoming.D.Oh,soslowly?6、-Wouldyouliketogototheconcertwithusthisevening?-________A.No,Ialreadyhaveplans.B.I'dloveto,butI'mbusytonight.C.No,Ireallydon'tlikebeingwithyou.D.I'mill,soIshouldn'tgoout.感谢赏析感谢赏析7、-Excuseme,couldyoushowmethewaytothenearestpostoffice?-______Ohyes!TwoblocksawayfromhereattheGreenAvenue.Youcan'tmissit.A.Ibegyourpardon?B.Whatdoyoumean?C.You'rewelcome.D.Mm,letmethink.8、-Wow!Thisisamarvelousroom!I'veneverknownyou'resoartistic.-______A.Great,Iamveryart-conscious.B.Don'tmentionit.C.Thanksforyourcompliments.D.It'sfine.9、-DidyouknowthatDavidinjuredhislegyesterday?Really?_______A.Whodidthat?B.What'swrongwithhim?C.Howdidthathappen?D.Whywashesocareless?10、-Thisboxistooheavyformetocarryitupstairs.-_______A.Youmayaskforhelp.B.I'llgiveyouahand.C.Pleasedomeafavor.D.I'dcometohelp.11、-Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?Whataboutacupoftea?_________A.No,thanks.B.No,Iwouldn't.C.Yes,Iwant.D.Yes,Ilike.12、-Ididn'tmeantodothat.Pleaseforgiveme._________A.Nottoobad.B.That'sallright.C.It'sapleasure.D.Thankyou.13、-What'stheproblemwithyourbike?感谢赏析感谢赏析_________A.Notatall.B.Good,thankyou.C.Nothingserious.D.Sure14、-Unbelievable!Ihavefailedthedrivingtestagain!_______Thisisnottheendoftheworld.A.Goodluck.B.Cheerup.C.Goahead.D.Noproblem.15、-Ithinkheisagoodlecturer.-_________A.Sorry,itdoesn'tmatter.B.SodoI.C.Yes.It'sagoodidea.D.Idon'tmind.16、-Good-byefornow._________A.Thesametoyou.B.That'sOK.C.Seeyou.D.Longtimenosee.17、-Letmeintroducemyself.I'mSteward．_________A.Whatapleasure.B.Pleasedtomeetyou.C.Idon'tknow.D.Thanksalot.18、-Howmuchisthisnecklace?_________A.It'sverynice.B.It'sabirthdaypresentfrommyparents.C.Itcostsfiftypounds.D.It'sabargain.19、-Let'sgotothelibrarythisafternoon._________A.Yes,that'sright.感谢赏析感谢赏析B.No.Ican't.C.Whataboutyou?D.That'sagoodidea.20、-HowcanIgettothecinema?_________A.It'sveryfar.B.Yes,thereisacinemanearhere.C.It'swellknown.D.Godownthisstreetandturnleft.21、-Whatareyoumajoringin?_________A.Inauniversity.B.Veryhard.C.Mathematics.D.Atnineinthemorning.22、-Whatdoyouthinkofthisnovel?_________A.I'vereadit.B.It'swell-written.C.Itwaswrittenbymyuncle.D.Iboughtityesterday.23、-What'sthematter,John?-_________A.IfailedmyFrenchtest.B.Itdoesn'tmatter.C.Nothing'swrongwithhim.D.Idon'tthinkIcan.24、-Whatdayistoday?_________A.It'sMarch6.B.It'safinedaytoday.C.It'sMarch.D.It'sMonday.25、-Isthatseattaken?_________A.Pleasedon'tworry.B.Idon'tthinkso.C.Whynot?感谢赏析感谢赏析D.It'sverynice.26、-Areyougoingonholidayforalongtime?-_________A.Itwasalongtime.B.Twoweeksago.C.No.Onlyacoupleofdays.D.Notlongtimeago.27、-How'syourfamily?_________A.Thanksallthesame.B.Thanksforcalling.C.Nottoobad.D.Don'tmentionit.28、-IsJohnthere?_________A.Speaking.B.I'mnotMary.C.Whoareyou?D.Maryiswelltoday.29、-Howareyougettingontoday?_________A.Verywell.B.Howdoyoudo?C.I'madoctor.D.Nicetohaveknownyou.30、-Thankyouforcalling._________A.Don'tmentionit.B.That'sfine.C.Nicetalkingtoyou.D.Callbackagain.31、-Doyouthinkit'sgoingtorainovertheweekend?-_________A.Idon'tbelieve.B.Idon'tbelieveit.C.Idon'tthink.D.Idon'tthinkso.感谢赏析感谢赏析32、-Ourapartmentisdirty._________A.Itishottoday.B.Itisnotmybusiness.C.Whoisondutythisweek?D.Letmehaveatry.33、-I'mgladyouliketheshow.-_________A.Thankyousomuchforinvitingme.B.Yes,Idon'tlikeit.C.No,Idon'tknow.D.I'llnevergotoitagain.34、-Thisbookisreallyinteresting.Ienjoyitverymuch.-_________A.Ihavejustfinishedanovel.B.Whatisitabout?C.Ifounditinasmallbookstore.D.Whendidyoustartreading?35、-CanIgetyouacupoftea?-_________A.That'sverykindofyou.B.Iwantcoffee.C.Withpleasure.D.Youcan,please.36、-Doyouthinkthisisaniceplace?_________A.That'sallright.B.You'rewell.C.No,it'snothere.D.Yes,Ithinkso.37、-Wouldyouliketohavesomecoffee?_________A.No,please.B.Yes,Ilike.C.Itisapleasure.D.No,thankyou.38、-Areyoudoinganythingthisevening?-_________感谢赏析感谢赏析A.Thankyouforthedinner.B.Howaboutyou?C.Icandonothingaboutit.D.Idon'tthinkso.39、-CouldIuseyourtelephone,please?-_________A.Whoareyougoingtophone?B.Idon'tknow.C.Yes,ofcourse.D.No,hereitis.40、-Whatdoyouthinkofthenewmobilephonemodel?-_________A.Itgoesveryfast.B.Ittravelsveryfast.C.Itisveryexpensive.D.Itwalksveryslowly.41、-Mary,weshouldgettogethersometime.-_________A.Yes,whataboutnextweek?B.Iwillmissyou.C.I'mafraidIcanwait.D.Youthinkaboutit.42、-HowdoIgettothecinema?_________A.It'sveryfar.B.Yes,thereisacinemanearhere.C.It'swellknown.D.Godownthisstreetandturnleft.43、-IhaveanappointmentwithDr.Edward.-_________A.Pleasewaitforaminute.B.Areyousick?C.Tellmeaboutyourappointment.D.Dr.Edwarddidn'ttellme.44、-IsJulie'shusbandwearingasuit?-_________A.Hehasjustcomebackfromtheoffice.B.Yes,heis.感谢赏析感谢赏析C.Yes,hewears.D.Hewentswimmingyesterday.45、-CanIaskyouafewquestions?_________A.Whatdoyoudo?B.It'sagoodidea.C.No,thanks.D.Certainly.46、-DoyouknowwhereIcanfindasupermarket?_________A.Askothers.B.Aroundthecorner.C.I'mbusy.D.Whatdoyouwanttobuy?47、-DoyouknowwhocalledTom?_________A.Yes,Icalledhim.B.Yes,IknowTomwell.C.Yes,hecalledme.D.Yes,heknowsmewell.48、-Hi,isThomasthere?_________A.Whoareyou?B.Sorry,I'llcallhim.C.Holdon.I'llgethim.D.Yes,Thomasisme.49、-Doyouhaveanyplanthisyear?_________A.Howaboutyou?B.IplantogototheUnitedStatesforfurtherstudies.C.Yes,Iwill.D.I'mcertainlynotgoingtodothatkindofthing.50、-Howmuchisthisbluetablecloth?-_________A.Thegreenoneisbetter.B.Tendollarsandthirtycents.C.It'scheap.D.Yes.It'sbeautiful.感谢赏析感谢赏析词汇与构造此部分共有5个未达成的句子，针对每个句子中未达成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、四个选项中选出正确选项。该部分的察看主要波及词性、近义词、近形词辨析，词的搭配及习用法等。考生应认知3000个单词，并娴熟掌握此中的1800个单词及其基本的搭配。（一）名词名词可分为可数名词和不可以数名词。可数名词有单、复数之分。2．不可以数名词只用单数形式。假如要表示数目多少，需在其前面加量词来表达。如：apieceofnews（一条新闻）；twopiecesofadvice（两条建议）3．名词所有格的构成是名词加“’，s如”：Mary’sroom；如原词已有复数词尾-s，则只加“’”，如：thestudents’hall,平时用于有生命的存在物的名词；名词所有格也可以由介词of加名词构成，平时用于无生命的存在物的名词,如：thewindowoftheclassroom.Whatabeautifulhouse!Especiallytherearemany______.A.furnitureB.furnituresC.piecesoffurnitureD.piecesoffurnitures（二）冠词冠词是一种虚词，用在名词前面，说明名词是特指仍是泛指。冠词分不定冠词和定冠词。1.不定冠词:a/an表示“一”、“某一”见解，用于单数可数名词前。a用在辅音开头的词前，an用在元音开头的词前。如：anEnglishteacher/asecondyear一位老师/又一年；定冠词：the表示“特指的一个或一些”。平时用在形容词最高等及序数词前，或世界上唯一无二的事物前；也用于乐器名词前。如：thebestseason最好的季节/thefirstlady第一夫人/theearth地球/playthepiano弹钢琴；不使用冠词的状况：在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐活动的名称从前。在某些习用词中也不用冠词，以详尽名词表示抽象见解。如：havelunch吃午餐/playbasketball打篮球/gotoschool上学1）______girldressed______blackishersisterRose.A.A;inB.A;onC.The;onD.The;in2）Heisfondofplaying_______pianowhilehisbrotherisinterestedinlisteningto_______music.感谢赏析感谢赏析A./;theB./;/C.the;/D.the;the3）Hegoesto______churcheverySunday.______churchheusuallygoestohasseatingforoverathousand.A.a,theB./,TheC.The,theD./,a（三）代词代词用于指代。包含：人称、物主、反身、疑问、不定代词等。1．many,few和afew一般只好修饰或指代可数名词much,little和alittle一般只好修饰或指代不可以数名词。afew和alittle表示“有一些”，拥有必然意义。带冠词的表示必然意义few和little表示“几乎没有”，拥有否认意义。不带冠词表示否认意义many和much表示“好多”。2．表示“所有”：二者用both，三者以上用all;表示“全无”：二者用neither，三者以上用none或noone；表示“任一”：二者用either，三者以上用any。1）Thebabyishungry,butthere’s______milkinthe没有bottle不可以.数A.littleB.alittleC.fewD.afew2）Shehastwobestfriends.______ofthemisinthecountry.A.AllB.BothC.NooneD.Neither（四）数词知识重点数词分为两大类：基数词和序数词。1．基数次表示数目（one,two,three），序数次表示序次（first,second,third）。2．数词hundred,thousand,million不用复数；其“复数+of”可表示数百、数千、数百万，如：threethousandstudents三千thousandsoftrees（数千棵树）3．在表达年纪时，注意以下表达法：Heissixyearsold.（此中year须用其复数）Heisasix-year-old复合形容词boy.（此中year不用复数）1）Theyhavelearnedabout______inrecentyears.A.severalhundredsEnglishwordsB.hundredsofEnglishwordsC.hundredofEnglishwordsD.severalhundredEnglishword感谢赏析感谢赏析2）Nancyis______girl.A.aeighteen-year-oldB.aneighteen-years-oldC.aeighteen-years-oldD.aneighteen-year-old（五）形容词和副词的原级、比较级与最高等1．比较级和最高等的构成形式（1）绝大部分单音节和部分双音节词后加-er构成比较级，加-est构成最高等。如：nice–nicer–nicest（2）大部分双音节词和所有的多音节词，前面加more构成比较级，加themost构成最高级。如：careful-morecareful-mostcareful2．形容词和副词的应用（1）同样程度比较：as+原级+ase.g.TomisasbrightasMark.汤姆和亨利同样聪慧。notas/so+原级+ase.g.Tomisnotas/sobrightasMark.汤姆不如亨利聪慧。（2）不同样程度的比较：比较级+thane.g.TomistallerthanMark.汤姆比亨利高。（3）比较与比较：the+比较级,the+比较级e.g.TheolderIget,thehappierIam.我越变老，越感觉幸福。比较级+and+比较级e.g.Janebecamemoreandmorebeautiful.珍妮愈来愈美丽了。1）Yourboxis_____________mine.A.fourtimesasbigasB.fourtimesasbiggerasC.asfourtimesbigD.asbigasfourtimes2）Today’sweatheris______worsethanyesterday’s.A.veryB.muchC.verymuchD.muchtoo3）—Didthemedicinemakeyoufeelbetter?—No.Themore_______,_______Ifeel.A.medicineItake;andtheworseB.medicineItake;theworseC.Itakemedicine;theworseD.Itakemedicine;worse语法部分：动词的时态1．一般此刻时态形式为do或does（第三人称单数）。平时表示客观事实或真谛；或表示常常发生的、习惯感谢赏析感谢赏析性的动作或存在的状态。e.g.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.（特别提示：.一般此刻时可以取代未来时，用于时间和条件状语从句中。）Pleasebesuretotelephonemethenexttimeyoucome.2．一般过去时态形式为did.表示过去时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与过去特定的时间状语连用；或表示过去某一段时间向来连续或频频发生的动作，可与表示频度的时间副词连用。e.g.Iboughtthiscomputerfiveyearsago.3．一般未来时态形式为will/shalldo/begoingtodo.表在未来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。e.g.Thetelephoneisringing.Iwillanswerit.4．此刻进行时态形式为is/am/are+doing，表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。e.g.Thepolicearelookingforthetwomissingchildren.5．过去进行时态形式为was/were+doing，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。e.g.Janeburntherhandwhenshewascookingthedinner.6．此刻达成时态形式为have/hasdone，常与already，never，ever,yet连用。用来表示过去发生的对此刻有影响的动作。e.g.Themilkhasalreadybecomeundrinkable或许表示过去某时间开始向来连续到此刻的动作。e.g.Hehaslivedheresince1949.7．过去达成时==过去的过去形式为haddone.表示在过去某一时刻从前已经开始并向来连续到这一时刻、或是在此刻前已经达成的动作。e.g.Bytheendoflasttermwehadlearned1000Englishwords.动词的语态1．动词的语态表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的履行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。被动语态的形式：be+过去分词。e.g.Suchstoriesarepublishedforchildren.2．英语中的一些感官动词如see,watch,notice,hear和使役动词make,have,let+不带to的不定式(dosth.),但在被动语态中to则不可以少。感谢赏析感谢赏析MakesbdosthSeesbdosthbemadetodosth===beseentodosth3．在need,want,require等及物动词后边接动名词的主动形式可以表示被动含义。e.g.Myhairneedscutting.我该剪发了。Myhairneedstobecut.1）AftertheMinisterofEducationhadfinishedspeakingatthepressconference,hewasmade______allsortsofawkwardquestions.（《大学英语》（B）Test3,40）A.answerB.answeringC.answeredD.toanswer2）Mywatchhasbeenlosingtimeforthepastweek.Itprobablyneeds______.A.cleaningB.tocleanC.cleanedD.tobecleaning==tobecleaned非谓语动词动词不定式在英语中，不作句子谓语，而拥有除谓语外其余语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词包含动词不定式、动名词和分词。1．动词不定式和动名词都可作宾语。1）有些及物动词只好用不定式作宾语，如：2）有些及物动词只好用动名词作宾语，如：记着只好加动名词的==enjoydoingsth

hope，want，wish，decide，manage等：finish,avoid,enjoy,mind,insiston等：（3）有的及物动词既可用不定式，也可用动名词，但其意义有所不同样。如：remember,forget,regret,stop，前者表示动作还没有做，后者表示动作已经做了。Remembertodosth不定式要去做某件事记得去做某事Rememberdoingsth动名词做过某件事记得做过某事2．此刻分词表示主动，表示正在进行；过去分词表示被动，表示已经达成developingcountry发展中国家developedcountry;发达国家oppressingclass;盘剥阶级oppressedclass;被盘剥阶级3．非谓语动词作状语和定语时，特别是分词作状语时，要注意分词的逻辑主语必然和句子的主语一致。此刻分词表示的动作和句子的主语之间是主动关系，过去分词表示的动作和句子的主语间是被动关系；分词作定语时，此刻分词表示的动作和它所修饰的词之间是主动关系，过去分词表示的动作和它修饰的词之间是被动关系。Workinginthefactory,hewasanadvancedworker.主动—现代分词感谢赏析感谢赏析Seenfromthehill,ourschoollooksmorebeautiful.被动—过去分词1）Wouldyoulet_______totheparkwithmyclassmate,Mum?（《大学英语》（B）Test4,28）A.megoB.megoingC.IgoD.Igoing2）Youdon’tmind______youXiaoLi,doyou?（《大学英语》（B）Test3,31）A.callB.tocallC.tocallingD.mycalling3）Therewassomuchnoiseintheclassroomthattheteachercouldn’t’tmakehimself_______.A.heardB.hearingC.tohearD.hear4）Doyouknowtheman______undertheappletree?（《大学英语》（B）Test2,31）A.layB.lainC.lying躺着D.laying搁置神态动词用来表示能力、同意、承诺、可能、必然、劝说、意向等见解或态度。神态动词无人称变化，在句子中和动词原形一同构成谓语。常用的神态动词有must，can，beableto，need，shall,should（oughtto）,could，would。神态动词后接达成时的用法1．must＋havedone：这一构造表示对过去一个动作比较有掌握的猜想。2．should(oughtto)+havedone：这一构造表示原来应当做却没有做的事情。3．could＋havedone：这一构造表示原来能做的事情而没有做。4．neednot+havedone:这一构造表示原来没有必需做的事情却做了。1）Hedidn’tpassthefinalexamination.He______it（.《大学英语》（B）Test3,28）A.musthavepreparedforB.oughttoprepareforC.oughttohavepreparedforD.oughttopreparefor各样从句主语从句在句子中担当主语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫主语从句。主语从句由that指引不可以省略。That不可以省略sheismygoodfriendisknowntoall.表语从句用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。平时跟在be动词后边，由who，what，when，why，how，that等词指引。Theproblemiswhocanfinishthistaskontime.宾语从句用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。由who，what，when，why，how，that，if,whether等词指引。（that可以省略）Hetoldusthat可以省略hefeltill.定语从句用作定语的从句叫做定语从句。由that，who，whom，which，when，where，why，whose感谢赏析感谢赏析等词指引。Ilikethelittlegirlwhosehairisbrown.只好用关系代词that的状况：①先行词为all,anything,something等不定代词时，②先行词前有最高等形容词thebest及序数词first,next,only等修饰词时,只好用关系代词which的状况：①定语从句前出现逗号，介词时，只好用which指引；e.g.InevermetMaryagain,whichwasapity.②定语从句中作关系代词作宾语且前面有介词时，e.g.Themusictowhichwelistenedlastnightwaswrittenbymyfather.同位语从句用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。可以跟同位语从句的先行词平时有news，idea，fact，promise，question，thought，hope，message，suggestion，report等。先行词后边平时用that指引，也有时用who，which，what，whether等指引。WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome?状语从句用作状语的从句叫做状语从句。指引状语从句的关系词是某些隶属连词。如when,because,as,though,assoonas,aslongas,if等等。1）Didyounoticetheguy______headlookedlikeabigpotato?A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom2）WhileIwasintheuniversity,Ilearnedtakingaphoto,_______isveryusefulnowforme.A.itB.whichC.thatD.what3）Itisthebest_______Ihaveseen.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.which虚假语气虚假语气用于if指引的条件状语从句表示对不可以能发生的事实的一种假定；或对已经发生过的事实进行一种相反状况的假定；感谢赏析感谢赏析时间虚假此刻时（与此刻事实相反）虚假过去时（与过去事实相反）虚假未来时（与未来事实可能相反）

IF从句谓语形式动词的过去式be一般用were)haddone过去达成动词过去式should+动词原形wereto+动词原形

主句谓语形式should(would,could,might)+动词原形should(would,could,might)+havedoneshould(would,could,might)+动词原形虚假语气用在表示要求、命令、建议语气的词指引的从句中用在动词suggest（建议）,order（命令）,insist（坚持）,require（需要）,demand（要求），propose（建议）等指引的宾语从句中，以及它们相应的名词suggestion,order,insistence,demand,proposal后边的表语和同位语从句中，这个从句的谓语要用“（should可以省略）+动词原形”wish指引的从句中表示“梦想”，用动词的过去式虚假此刻的状况；用过去达成式虚假过去的状况；用would（或might）+动词原形虚假未来的状况。运用在wouldrather后边的从句中表示“希望”，用动词的过去式虚假此刻或未来的状况，用过去达成式虚假过去的状况。运用在Itis(high)time后边的从句中表示“该干的时间到了”，用动词的过去式或should+动词原形。1）ThedeanofthePhilosophyDepartmentrequestedthatthevisitingscholar______alectureonthephilosopherSartre.A.gaveB.giveC.wouldgiveD.hadgiven2）Iwisheverybody_______themeetingtomorrow.A.willattendB.wouldattendC.hadattendedD.isgoingtoattend3）It’stimewe_______thelecturebecauseeverybodyhasarrived.A.willstartB.shallstartC.startD.started感谢赏析感谢赏析主谓一致主谓一致就是谓语动词必然在数和人称上与主语获得一致。主谓一致的关系依据“语法一致”、“意义一致”、和“就近一致”三项原则来实现。语法一致1）由and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时（指的是两个或两个以上不同样的人或事物）谓语动词用复数。2）做主语的名词后边有aswellas,with,togetherwith,except,but,like,nolessthan等指引的短语时，谓语动词的数由做主语的名词决定。Anexpert单数,togetherwithsomeassistants,wassenttohelpinthiswork.意义一致（1）有and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，可是表示同一人或事物，或代表一个见解，动词用单数。e.g.Theprofessorand没有冠词==同一个人presidentofourschoolisretired.Theprofessorandthe有冠词，表示不同样的人presidentofourschoolareretired.2）主语为all,half,most,some,any,none等不定代词时，经过上下文确立其实质意义，谓语动词的单复数形式则依据主语的实质意义来决定。Hisweekends?Halfarespentinthecountry.Histime?Halfwasspentonbooks.就近一致主语为eitheror,neithernor,notonlybut等also连接的并列名词时，谓语动词的数取决于它最凑近的名词的数。Neitherthechildrennortheirfatherwasinthecar.Neitherthefathernorhischildrenwereinthecar.1）Boththekidsandtheirparents______English,Ithink.Iknowitfromtheiraccent.A.isB.beenC.areD.was2）Twothousanddollars______enoughforthecar.A.beingB.wereC.areD.is3）Theyoung一类人_______interestedinpopmusic.A.isB.haveC.hasD.are倒装句倒装是指将句子的谓语动词或其助动词放在主语从前。（1）在as,though指引的退步状语从句中，从句常常放在主句的前面，并且从句须以形容感谢赏析感谢赏析词、名词或动词（原形）等开头。e.g.Hardasshestudied,shefailedtothisexamination.（2）代词so,neither,nor等副词置于句首时,表示“也(不/没有)”全句要倒装e.g.TomcanspeakEnglish.SocanJack.构造一致(2)never,seldom,little,nor,hardly(when),scarcely(whenno),sooner(thannot),only,notuntil等表示否认的副词或连词位于句首时；e.g.Notonlydidhehear,butalsohesawittoo.1）Neverbefore______seensuchaterriblecaraccidentontheroad!（《大学英语》（B）Test1,39）A.IhaveB.haveIC.IdidD.didI2）Iwassatisfiedwithherexplanation,______.（《大学英语》（B）Test3,42）A.somyclassmateswereB.soweremyclassmatesC.somyclassmatesdidC.sodidmyclassmates3）Hardly_______onstage_______theaudiencestartedcheering.（《大学英语》（B）Test4,40）A.hehadcome/thanB.hehadcome/whenC.hadhecome/whenD.hadhecome/than重申句重申句的构造是：Itis/was+被重申部分（主语、宾语、表语或状语）+that（who只有重申人）被重申部分用that引出，指人时也可用who。被重申的部分为句子中除谓语认为的所有成分，但不论重申句子的什么成分，如时间状语、地址状语等，都用that引出句子的其余部分，而不用when,where；在重申人时还可用who/whom；Itwasonthebeach______MissWhitefoundthekidlyingdead.A.thatB.thisC.itD.which2）Itisnotuntilyouhavelostyourhealth_______youknowitsvalue.A.untilB.whenC.whatD.that词汇和构造练习1、Apairofspectacles________whatIneedatthemoment.A.isB.areC.hasD.have2、Tom________morethantwentypoundsonthenovel.A.spentB.paid感谢赏析感谢赏析C.costD.took3、-Doyouwanttowait?Fivedays________toolongformetowait.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are4、Twentypeoplewere________woundedintheaircrash.A.quicklyB.wronglyC.bitterlyD.seriously5、Theboyisnothappyatthenewschool.Hehas________friendsthere.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle6、It’s________thathewaswrong.A.clearlyB.clarityC.clearD.clearing7、IfellandhurtmyselfwhileI________basketballyesterday.A.wasplayingB.amplayingC.playD.played8、Nancyisconsideredtobe________theotherstudentsinherclass.A.lessintelligentB.themostintelligentC.intelligentaswellD.asintelligentas9、We’vemissedthelastbus.’Imafraidwehaveno________buttotakeataxi.A.wayB.choice感谢赏析感谢赏析C.possibilityD.selection10、Australiaisoneofthefewcountries____peopledriveontheleftoftheroad.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.onwhich11、Hismother_____alonesincehisfatherdied.A.livedB.livesC.haslivedD.isliving12、Theworkersarebusy____modelsfortheexhibition.A.tomakeB.withmakingC.beingmakingD.making13、ItwaswellknownthatThomasEdison_____theelectriclamp.A.discoveredB.inventedC.foundD.developed14、Thehigherthetemperature,_____theliquidevaporates.A.thefasterB.themorefastC.theslowerD.themoreslower15、Shewonders____willhappentoherprivatelifeinthefuture.A.thatB.itC.thisD.what16、Theygotthereanhour_____thantheothers.A.earlyB.muchearlyC.moreearly感谢赏析感谢赏析D.earlier17、Ididn’texpectyoutoturn_____atthemeetingyesterday.A.upB.toC.outD.over18、Weworkedhardandcompletedthetask_____.A.inthetimeB.onthetimeC.aheadoftimeD.beforetime19、Onceenvironmentaldamage______,ittakesmanyyearsforthesystemtorecover.A.istodoB.doesC.haddoneD.isdone20、Theharderyoustudy,____youwilllearn.A.muchB.manyC.themoreD.muchmore21、MikeisbetterthanPeter_______swimming．A.forB.atC.onD.in22、Thegreybuildingistheplacewheretheworkerslive,andthewhitebuildingistheplacewherethespareparts_____.A.areproducingB.areproducedC.producedD.beingproduced23、Jane’sdressissimilarindesign______hersister’s.A.likeB.withC.to感谢赏析感谢赏析D.as24、Theyoungladycomingovertous_____ourEnglishteacher;thewayshewalkstellsusthat!A.mustbeB.canbeC.wouldbeD.couldbe25、NeitherJohn______hisfatherwasabletowakeupearlyenoughtocatchthemorningtrain.A.norB.orC.butD.and26、Iliketheteacher_____classesareveryinterestingandcreative.A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.what27、Idon’tknowthepark,butit's______tobequitebeautiful.A.saidB.toldC.spokenD.talked28、WhenLilycamehomeat5p.m.yesterday,hermother_____dinnerinthekitchen.A.cookedB.wascookingC.cooksD.hascooked29、It’sbad________foryoutosmokeinthepublicplaceswheresmokingisnotallowed.A.behaviorB.actionC.mannerD.movement30、Wouldyoulet_____totheparkwithmyclassmate,Mum?A.megoB.megoing感谢赏析感谢赏析C.IgoD.Igoing31、Eggs,thoughrichinnourishments,have______offat.A.alargenumberB.thelargenumberC.alargeamountD.thelargeamount32、_______thesehonourshereceivedasumofmoney.A.ExceptB.ButC.BesidesD.Outside33、Therehavebeenmany________intheirmarriagebuttheystillloveeachother.A.rightandwrongB.backandforthC.upsanddownsD.rightandleft34、Itisbecausesheisverydevotedtoherpatients________sheislovedbythem.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who35、________Tom________Marycanhelpme,fortheyareverybusy.A.Both;andB.Either;orC.whether;orD.Neither;nor36、Hewasdrinkingpop________therestofusdrankwhisky.A.whileB.asC.sinceD.when37、Thetwobrothersseemtohavenointerestin________.A.mutualB.ordinaryC.usualD.common感谢赏析感谢赏析38、Itwasagreatpleasure________metobeinvitedtotheparty.A.forB.onC.toD.of39、Thebicycleyousawisn't________.Itbelongsto________.A.me;youB.mine;hersC.hers;hisD.his;her40、I________writingthearticlebythetimeyougetback.A.shallfinishB.musthavefinishedC.havefinishedD.shallhavefinished41、IfIdon't________thephoneathome,ringmeatwork.A.replyB.returnC.respondD.answer42、Thisbookisnothing______dowiththeauthor'sfirstnovel.A.inB.forC.withD.to43、How______yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?A.canB.mustC.needD.may44、Shehasbeenworkingharddayandnightduringtheseyears_______shecouldpayforthelostnecklace.A.inorderthatB.aslongasC.themomentD.because感谢赏析感谢赏析45、Thescientistsare____aseriesofexperimentstolearnmoreabouthowthebodyadaptstoweightlessness.A.definingB.havingC.carryingD.doing46、Shewalkedslowlyaway,andhewaiteduntilshewasoutof____beforegoingbackintothehouse.A.reachB.sightC.touchD.mind47、Thefirementriedtheirbestto_______thefirebutinvain.A.putupB.putforwardC.putdownD.putout48、Therainwas_______makeourpicnicimpossible.A.hardenoughB.hardsotoC.sohardastoD.sohardto49、Alltheevidencepointstothefact______heisthemurderer.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.those50、Charliethinksmoneywill______allhisproblems.A.scoreB.solveC.forceD.perform3、阅读理解此部分共有2篇短文，第一篇短文后有5个正、误判断题，请选择T或F.第二篇短文后有5个问题。请从每个问题后的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。感谢赏析感谢赏析问题的察看题型可分为细节题、正误判断题、推理题、主旨题、词义题和见解态度题，而此中细节题所占的比率最大，其次为正误判断题、主旨题，其余为词义题或见解态度题。阅读考题种类及相应的应答技巧：第一，在解题前，应先快速阅读文章后的问题，找出题干中的重点词，明确需要解决的问题，这样阅读的目的就很明确；此后带着这些问题的重点词句开始阅读，并联合以下三种阅读方法解不同样的题型。略读（Skimming）即快速阅读全文，抓住文章粗心和主题句，明确作者的态度和企图。跳读（Skipping）即快速查找某一有关信息，读时要过目成，对不有关的内容一带而过。猜想生词(Guessingthenewwords)在阅读过程中，不可以防范的会碰到生词。假如一碰到生词就去查词典，或跳过去不看，都会影响对文章的理解。这样就要猜想生词的意思。不同样的语境，单词的意思也就不同样样。所以要依据上下文线索和构词法等知识去猜想。细节题：这些题是有关文章某些事实的细节和数据，答案一般都能在原文中找到。这种题的题干＋答案在乎义上平时等于原文中某一部分的内容；文中的时间、地址、人物、数目或事实多为发问的对象（即when,where,who,why,how,howmany/much,..），而这些问题的表达常不采纳文章中的原话发问，而是使用同义词语等，所以，在选择答案前应第一看准题干，看清问题所问终究是什么细节内容；此后，在查读时注意找寻与题目有关的重点词语；最后，在充分理解原文、原题的基础上确立答案。常有命题方式Accordingtothepassagewho(what,why,when,where)...?Whatdoestheauthorsayabout...?Whatdoestheauthorthinkof...?Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?Inthispassage,howmany(howmuch,howoften,howlong)...?正误判断题因为所提信息在文中比较清楚，可以一一找到，所以，解决这种问题可采纳带选题跳读的阅读技巧，第一找出问题或选项中出现的重点词语或主要检测点，此后略读文章，扫描这些词所在的句子，再详尽读这些句子。必需时，连同它们前后的句子也要仔细阅读，以便综合考虑和确立答案。常有命题方式：A:Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowing