帅建林版国际贸易实务课后练习标准答案(双语)

/13转船附加费港口拥挤附加费转船附加费港口拥挤附加费运输代理包裹拼箱货结汇整箱货空运单集装箱货运站装运通知处置权Partialshipment/transshipmentBillofladingCleanB/LOrderB/LCombinedtransportB/LBlankB/LStraightB/LThroughB/LLinerB/LAnte-datedB/LAdvancedB/LConsignmentnoteBlankendorsementIATACombinedtransportdocumentsFCL/LCLtransshipmentsurchargePortCongestionSurchargetransportationagentpackageLCL(Lessthancontainerload)settlementFCL(Fullcontainerload)Airwaybillcontaineryardshippingnoticerightofdisposal分批装船/转运提单清洁提单指示提单联合运输提单空白提单记名提单联运提单班轮提单倒签提单预借提单陆运或铁路运输通知空白背书国际航空运输协会多式联运单据整箱货/拼箱货IIVa/xdelayfadvancexaccepted—unacceptedVX把“orwithout”去掉III.海运提单上列出了承运人和托运人之间的权利和义务。.班轮公司通常把航海时间表登载在报纸上或者分发给托运人。.在多式联运提单上，卸货港应该是提单许可的中转码头。.集装箱收费是多种多样的。例如附加费，总费率的确定是基本费率加上附加费率。.集装箱的好处在于：方便处理货物，减少盗窃，减少暴露，节约装船成本。Transportdocumentswhichappearontheirfacetoindicatethatshipmenthasbeenmadeonthesamemeansofconveyanceandforthesamejourney,providedtheyindicatethesamedestination,willnotberegardedascoveringpartialshipment,evenifthetransportdocumentsindicatedifferentdatesofshipmentand/ordifferentportsofloading,placesoftakingincharge,ordispatch.Cleantransportdocumentisonewhichhearsnoclauseornotationwhichexpresslydeclaresadefectiveconditionofthegoodsand/orthepackaging.Neitherthecardernortheshippershallberesponsibleinanyeventforlossordamageto,orinconnectionwith,goodsifthenatureorvaluethereofhasbeenknowinglymisstatedbytheshipperintheBilloflading.Wheretheperformanceofthecarriageorpartthereofhasbeenentrustedtoanactualcarrier,whetherornotinpursuanceofalibertyunderthecontractofcarriagebyseatodoso,thecarrierneverthelessremainsresponsiblefortheentirecarriage.Thecarrierisresponsible,inrelationtothecarriageperformedbytheactualcarrier,fortheactsandomissionsoftheactualcarrierandofhisservantsandagentsactingwithinthescopeoftheiremployment.Chapter8I投保人insured共同海损generalaverage投保金额insuredamount外来风险extraneousrisks保险单insurancepolicy推定全损constructiveaverage海上风险marinerisks施救费用salvagecharges救助费用sueandlaborexpenses意外事故misfortune承保人insurer单独海损particularaverage保险费insurancepremium航空运输货物战争险airtransportationwarrisk陆运险landtransportationrisks陆运一切险landtransportationallrisks估损费用riskestimationcharges航空运输一切险airtransportationallriskschargesOceanmarineinsurance海运保险Warrisks战争险Basicriskscoverage基本险种Insuredamount投保金额T.P.N.D偷盗、失窃、提货不着险Taintofodor串味险Overlandtransportationinsurance陆上运输保险Parcelpostinsurance邮寄包裹保险Freefromparticularaverage平安险Additionalriskscoverage附加险别Freshwaterand/orraindamage淡水雨淋险Withparticularaverage水渍险II.VVVXSpecialadditionalcoveragesuchaswarrisks,strikesandsoonmustbetakenouttogetherwithFPA,WPA.(andallrisks)XInessence,openpolicyis(not)thesameastheinsurancecertificate.VVXThree(two)typesofrisksarecoveredbyoceanmarineinsurance,namelytheperilsofsea,theextraneousrisks(删除andtheforcemajeure).XOceanmarineinsurancecoverstwotypesoflosses,partiallassandtotallossfperilsofseaandextraneousrisksExposedtomanyrisksintheprocessoftransportingandloadingandunloading,exportgoodsfacethepossibilityofloss.Supposedthatthegoodsisputondeckinsteadofinthecabinwhereitshouldbeaccordingtotheclausestipulatedintheinsurancecontract,insurerhastherighttoagainstanypossibleclaimslodgedbytheinsured.Cabincoverageincludestheriskoffallingintooceanonly,andexcludestherisksoffreshwater,rainandsoak.Expertcreditinsuranceisakindofcreditinsurances.Theinsuredshoulddeliverthegoodstothecarrierbytheagreedwaybeforethematurityofinsurance.Initialvalueassuranceissealedbythesellernormally,whereasincreasedvalueassuranceisboughtbythebuyer.Iftheinsuredcannotgetthewholeorpartialpaymentduetothecommercialcreditorpoliticalrisks,theinsurershouldpaytheindemnity.MarineinsurancepolicyisthepartoftheBillofLading.Insureristhemarineinsurancecompany..从广义上来讲，海运保险的可保风险应包括货物在海上运输中可能的损失和损坏。.战争条款是保单中的一项条款，用以保因战争引起损失的风险。.保险应包括水渍险、 偷盗失窃及提货不着险和战争险。 保险金额为CIF价的110%。如果发生赔付，赔付地为纽约，赔付款以美元计价。.仓至仓保险所承保的风险包括从货物因运输目的而离开仓库起经运输期间以及到达目的地仓库(或者到期日前15天)为止，这段时间内产生的风险。.如果保险人所投保的风险发生以至产生实际损失，托运人应该向保险人出示单证以取得赔偿。ICoststructure成本构成Costofproduction生产成本Profitmargin边际利润Sellingcost销售成本Targetcosting目标成本法Everydaylowpricing(EDLP)每日低价Totalfixedcost总固定成本Variablecost变动成本Skimmingpricestrategy撇月旨定价战略Penetrationstrategy渗透定价战略Floatingexchangerisk浮动汇率风险成本导向定价法 pricingbasedoncost盈亏平衡定价法 break-evenpricing边际成本定价法 marginalcostpricingCountryBritainJapanFranceAustraliaChinaBurmaSingaporeNewZealandThailandMalaysiaNepalIndiaIndonesia损益两平点break-evenpoint计价货币moneyofaccount支付货币moneyofpayment硬货币hardcurrency软货币softcurrency汇率exchangerate价款调整priceadjustment佣金/折扣commission/discount期货/现货市场futureCountryBritainJapanFranceAustraliaChinaBurmaSingaporeNewZealandThailandMalaysiaNepalIndiaIndonesiaCurrencyGBPpoundJPY JapaneseYanFRF FrenchFrancAUPAustraliandollarCNYRMBYuanBUKBurmeseKyatSGDSingaporedollarNZDNewZealanddollarTHPThaiBahtMYR MalaysiandollarNPR NepaleseRupeeINRIndiaRupeeIDRIndonesianRupiahSwiss CHFSwissFrancPhilippines PHPPhilippinePesoItaly ITLItalianLiraI信用状况 creditstandard远期信用证 timeL/C,usanceL/C通知银行 advisingbank信用证有效期 thematurityofL/C交付运单deliveryofB/L支付保障条款 confirmationofcredit支付结算 paymentandsettlement申请人与受益人 applicantandbeneficiarynirrevocableletterofcredit不可撤销信用证confirmedL/C保兑信用证revocableletterofcredit可撤销信用证sightdraft即期汇票commercialbillofexchange 商业汇票timedraft远期汇票governmentalguarantee政府保函drawee付款人IrrevocableL/Cisaletterofcreditthatcannotbecanceledorchangedwiththeconsentofallpartiesinvolved.Timedraftisacommercialbillofexchangecallingforpaymenttobemadeatsometimeafterdelivery.Draweeisapersonorpartywhoistoreceiveadraft.Revocableletterofcreditisaletterofcreditthatcanbechangedbyanyofthepartiesinvolved.Sightdraftisacommercialbillofexchangethatrequirespaymenttobemadeassoonasitispresentedtothepartyobligatedtopay.ConfirmedL/Cisaletterifcredittowhichabankintheexporter 'scountryaddsitsguaranofpayment.Commercialbillofexchangeisaninstrumentofpaymentininternationalbusinessthatinstructstheimportertoforwardpaymenttotheexporter.Governmentalguaranteeisanagreementofthegovernmenttoberesponsibleforthefulfillmentofsomeoneelse'spromise.mL/C的全称是跟单信用证或单证信用证。信用证是银行开出的支付承诺。一旦供应商 /出口商/销售者达到信用证条款要求，银行将替买方/进口者支付预定金额。信用证更正式的名称是单证信用证，因为银行处理的是单证而非实物。既然其正式名称为单证信用证，信用证上所列的条款都涉及在指定时间内出示指定单证。不同的信用证中买方所要求的单证是不同的， 但至少会包括一张发票和一张提单。 其他的单证包括：原产地证明、领事发票、保险单证、检验单以及其他单证。IVIndocumentarycollection,theremittingbanksactingastheintermedium,deliversdocumentsoftheremittertothecollectingbankandacceptpaymentfromthecolletingbank.ItisalwaysunacceptableifthedeliverytimeofB/Listooshort.Exportershouldpresentthedocuments