2023年教师资格之中学英语学科知识与教学能力基础试题库和答案要点

2023年教师资格之中学英语学科知识与教学能力基础试题库和答案要点单选题（共80题）1、--Therearealotof__________ofbikeriding.A.instructionsB.instrumentsC.advantagesD.products【答案】C2、Theteacherwoulduse__________tohelpstudentscommunicateinteachingspeaking.A.substitutiondrillsB.groupdiscussionC.listeningandactingD.readingaloud【答案】B3、Ifateachershowsstudentshowtodoanactivitybeforetheystartdoingit,he/sheisusingthetechniqueof（）.A.presentationB.demonstrationC.elicitationD.evaluation【答案】B4、Passage1A.dressB.workC.accentD.meal【答案】C5、请阅读Passage2。完成第小题。A.ContemptB.ReservationC.DetachmentD.Endorsement【答案】C6、TheCognitiveApproachholdsthatstudents′mistakesare__________inthecreativeuseoflanguage.A.usefulB.understandableC.unavoidableD.reasonable【答案】C7、Writingexerciseslikecopying,fill-in,completionsandtransformationaremainlythetypeofexercisesusedin_________A.controlledwritingB.guidedwritingC.freewritingD.expressivewriting【答案】A8、Morphemesthatrepresent"tense","number","gender","case"andsoforth?arecalled_________morphemes.A.inflectionalB.freeC.boundD.derivational【答案】A9、TheNeutralityofAmericanintheEarlyWorldWarIIA.watchfulB.isolationistC.peacefulD.indifferent【答案】B10、Passage1A.adrugaddictB.acompulsiveworkerC.analcoholic(drinkstoomuchalcohol)D.acompetitiveworker【答案】B11、Whichofthefollowingcan'NOTbeusedasapre-readingtask?__________A.PredictingwhatapassageisaboutB.CreatingawordwebrelatedtoatopicC.ListeningtotherecordingofapassageD.Sharingwhatisalreadyknownaboutatopic【答案】C12、ThenumberofAmericanswhoreadbookshasbeendecliningforthirtyyears,andthosewhodoreadhavebecomeproudof,evenabitover-identifiedwith,theenterprise.AlongsidethetotebagsyoucanfindT-shirts,magnets,andbuttonsprintedorsewnwithcoversofclassicnovels;theWebsiteEtsysellstightsprintedwithpoemsbyEmilyDickinson.AspreadinTheParisReviewfeaturedliterature-inspiredpaint-chipcolors.Themerchandisingofreadinghasacuriouslyundifferentiatedflavor,asifwhatyoureadmatteredlessthanthatyoureaD.Inthisclimateofembattledbibliophilia,anewsubgenreofbooksaboutbookshasemerged,amixofliterarycriticism,autobiography,self-help,andimmersionjournalism:authorsundertakereadingstuntstoprovethatreading--anything--stillmatters."IthoughtofmyadventureasOff-RoadorExtremeReading,"PhyllisRosewritesin"TheShelf:FromLEQtoLES",thelateststuntbook,inwhichshereadsthroughamoreorlessrandomshelfoflibrarybooks.Shecompareshervoyage,toErnestShackleton'sexplorationsintheAntarctic."However,Iliketosleepunderaquiltwithmyheadonagoosedownpillow,"shewrites."SoIwouldreadmywayintotheunknown--intothepathlesswastes,intothinair,withnoreviews,nobest-sellerlists,nocollegecurricula,noNationalBookAwardsorPulitzerPrizes,noads,nopublicity,notevenwordofmouthtoguideme."A.ToemphasizetheadventurousandstirringexperienceofreadingB.Toemphasizetheroleofreadinginbroadeningpeople'shorizonC.ToemphasizetheamusementinreadingwithoutspecificguidanceD.Toemphasizethechallengesinreadingbooksofvaryingcategories【答案】C13、Whichofthefollowingactivitiesactuallydoesnotinvolvewriting?A.CompletionaccordingtooutlinesB.CompletionwithmultiplechoicesC.CompletionaccordingtotopicsentencesD.Completionaccordingtothebrainstorming【答案】B14、Onhearingtheutterance"It′shothere",thelisteneropenedthedoor.Itisa(n)__________.A.locutionaryactB.illocutionaryactC.directspeechactD.perlocutionaryact【答案】D15、Passage1A.TodiscernthelinkbetweenanalyticalthinkingandinsightsB.TodiscernconnectionbetweencloseattentionandinsightsC.TodiscernconnectionbetweencloseattentionandimaginationD.Totestpeople'scapacityforcloseattentionandabstractassociation【答案】B16、请阅读Passagel。完成第小题。A.ThereisstillalongwaytogoforeconomiststogenuinelycontributetoglobalhealthB.Economists'roleinglobalhealthis,toalargeextent,negativeC.EconomistsincreasedtheinequalityofresourceallocationsinglobalhealthD.Economicsisonlyonescienceamongmanythatpolicymakershavetotakeintoaccountinprovidinghealthcareprograms【答案】A17、Whichofthefollowingtermsbestdescribesthepairofwords"kill"and"drill"?A.MinimalpairB.AphonemiccontrastC.ClosedclasswordsD.Boundmorphemes【答案】A18、Passage2A.ItsnegativeeffectsonbusinessesareoftenoverlookedB.Thenecessaryamountofcompanies'spendingonitisunknownC.Companies'financialcapacityforithasbeenoverestimatedD.Ithasbroughtmuchbenefittothebankingindustry【答案】B19、Whenateacherintendstointroduceanewgrammaritem,whichofthefollowingstrategiescanbeusedtogetstudentstonoticeit?_______A.TransformationB.InputenhancementC.ExpansionD.Substitution【答案】B20、请阅读Passage1。完成第小题。A.peopletherehavegotsoaccustomedtotheirconditionsthattheyseldomthinkitnecessarytochangeB.peopletherehaveidenticalneedsthatcanbesatisfiedwithoutmuchdifficultyC.peoplethereareeasytopleaseD.peopletherearelessdisputed【答案】A21、Ifyouhavegotkids,hereisanastytruth:theyareprobablynotveryspecial,thatis,theyareaverage,ordinary,andunremarkable.ConsiderthenumbersofthoseapplicationsyourdaughterissendingtoIvyLeagueschools,forinstance.Therearemorethanaquarterofamillionotherkidsaimingforthesameeightcollegesatthesametime,andlessthan9%ofthemwillmakethecut.AndthosehoursyouspendcoachingLittleLeaguebecauseyoujustknowyourson'ssweetswingwilltakehimtotheprofessionals.Thereare2.4millionotherLittleLeaguersoutthere,andthereareexactly750openingsformajorleagueballplayersatthebeginningofeachseason.Thatgiveshima0.0313%chanceofreachingthebigclubs.Theoddsarejustaslongfortheotherdreamsyou'vehadforyourkids:yourchildthebillionaire,theBroadwaystar,theRhodesscholar.Mostofthosethingsarenevergoingtohappen.Thekidsarepayingthepriceforparents'delusions.Inpublicschools,somestudentsarebringinghome17.5hoursofhomeworkperweekor3.5perschoolnightandit'shardtoseehowtheyhavetimetodoit.From2004to2014,thenumberofchildrenparticipatinginuptothreehoursofaider-schoolactivitiesonanygivendayrosefrom6.5millionto10.2million.Andallthewhile,thekidsarebeingfedapromise--thattheycanbetutoredandcoached,pushedandtested,hot-housedandadvanceplaceduntilsuccessisassured.Atlast,agrowingchorusofeducatorsandpsychologistsissaying,"Enough!"Somewherebetweentheself-esteembuildingofgoingforthegoldandtheself-esteemcrushingoftheIvy-or-dieethostherehastobeaplacewherekidscanbreathe,wheretheycanhavethefreedomtodowhattheyloveandwhereparentsaccustomedtopushingtheirchildrentoexcelcanshakeoffthenewlydefinedshameofhavingraisedanordinarychild.A.RaceB.LengthC.ChallengeD.Outcome【答案】A22、PresidentArlinghasputhislongawaitedeconomicrestructuringprogrambeforetheCongress.ItprovidesacoordinateD.programofinvestmentcredits,researchgrants,educationreforms,andchangesdesignedtomakeAmericanindustrymoreA.TheywantamoredirectactionB.TheywantanincomespolicytocheckinflationC.TheywanttorebuildindustryD.Theywantawallofprotectivetariffs【答案】A23、请阅读Passagel，完成第小题。A.theageingB.thebody-evolvingC.thegenes-repairingD.thebody'sputting-off-damage【答案】B24、Passage2A.LeadyourlifeasusualB.SeekprofessionalhelpC.ExerciseconsciouscontrolD.Avoidanxietyinthedaytime【答案】A25、You__________allthosecalculations!Wehaveacomputertodothatsortofthing.A.needn'thavedoneB.mustnothavedoneC.shouldn'thavedoneD.cannothavedone【答案】A26、Thebestgroupingofteachingwhenthestudentsaregiventhetasktoworkoutanswerstoareadingcomprehensionis__________．A.one-to-oneB.groupworkC.pair-workD.solowork【答案】D27、Passage2A.MomentB.MotiveC.AchievementD.Incentive【答案】D28、Intheforeignlanguagesbookstoretobefoundbooksinvariouslanguages.A.isB.isbeenC.areD.arebeen【答案】C29、Inthefollowingconversation,Bviolatesthemaximof___________.A.quantityB.qualityC.mannerD.relation【答案】D30、_______hegotthenews,Mr.Mathewshurriedoutofhishouse,_______hiscar,anddroveallthewaytotown.A.When;starteDB.Themoment;starteDC.Until;startingD.Once;tostart【答案】B31、Passage2A.ItissecondtointelligenceB.ItevolvesfromcommonsenseC.ItistobepursuedD.Itunderliespower【答案】C32、Cooperativelearningemphasizeson__________andcollectiveresponsibility．A.teachers'responsibilityB.individualresponsibilityC.solelyresponsibilityD.teamresponsibility【答案】B33、Manyaboy__________playingbasketball．A.likesB.likeC.tolikeD.havelike【答案】A34、Mr.Johnsonhasahabitofaskingquestions_________.A.andthennotlistentotheanswersB.butthennotlistenfortheanswersC.andthennotlisteningtotheanswersD.andthendoesn'tlistentotheanswers【答案】C35、Whatteachingmethodisusedbytheteacherifmuchofhis/herclasstimeisspentondrillingsentencepatternsfollowedbyexerciseslikerepetition,memorization,mimicry,etc.?A.TheNaturalApproachB.TheCommunicativeApproachC.TheAudio-lingualMethoD.TheGrammar-translationMetho【答案】C36、Passage1A.mice'sinbornterrorofcatsB.theevolutionofToxoplasmaC.anewstudyabouttheeffectsofaparasiteonmiceD.aharmfulparasitecalledToxoplasmagondii【答案】C37、请阅读Passage2，完成第小题。A.Thephrase"comingout"isonlyusedinthegaycommunityB.Themeaningof"comingout"isbecomingwiderandwiderC.Thephrase"comingout"onlystandsforashockingsecretinhidingD.Themeaningof"comingout"hasnotchangeduntilnow【答案】B38、Ofallthefollowingpairsofwords,__________isaminimalpair.A.bootandboughtB.deepanddogC.eitherandneitherD.ghostandbest【答案】A39、In__________drills,thestudentschangeagivenstructureinawaysothattheyareexposedtoothersimilarstructures,whichalsohelpsthemhaveadeeperunderstandingofhowthestructuresareformedandhowtheyareused.A.substitutionB.transformationC.comprehensionD.communicative【答案】B40、请阅读Passage1，完成第小题。A.themedicalprofessionisbasedontrustB.thereiszerotoleranceofcheatinginmedicineC.themedicalprofessiondependsonthegovernmentD.cheatingexistsextensivelyinmedicalschools【答案】A41、WhichofthefollowingisatypicalfeatureofformalwritingA.ArchaicwordsareusuallypreferredB.TheprecisionoflanguageisapriorityC.ShortandincompletesentencesarepreferredD.Anintimaterelationshipwiththeaudienceisestablished【答案】B42、阅读Passage1,完成小题.A.TheallottedtimetolearnB.SocialandeconomicsystemC.TheearlyprerequisitesstudentsmasteredD.Performanceonformalandinformalassessments【答案】C43、Iwouldappreciate__________greatlyifyoucouldgivemeathree-dayleave.A.youB.itC.thatD.myself【答案】B44、John’sscoreonthetestisthehighestintheclass;he_____lastnight.A.muststudyB.shouldhavestudieDC.musthavestudieD.issuretostudy【答案】C45、Whatstagecanthefollowinggrammaractivitybeusedat?A.PresentationB.PracticeC.ProductionD.Preparation【答案】B46、WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutlanguageisNOTtrue?A.LanguageisasystemB.LanguageissymbolC.AnimalsalsohavelanguageD.Languageisarbitrary【答案】C47、Themainobjectiveofmechanicalpracticeistohelplearnerstoabsorbthoroughlythe__________ofalanguageitem.A.meaningB.functionC.contextD.form【答案】D48、Ifsomeonesays"Iknowtheword",heshouldnotonlyunderstanditsmeaningbutalsobeabletopronounce,spell,and__________it.A.explainB.recognizeC.memorizeD.use【答案】D49、Theproducersofoilandother__________commoditieshaveanadvantage.A.fragileB.nonperishableC.waterproofedD.stainless【答案】B50、Hesaidhe′dphoneyou__________hegothome.A.themomentB.themomentwhenC.atthemomentD.atthemomentwhen【答案】A51、请阅读短文，完成此题。A.IndifferentB.DisapprovingC.SuspiciousD.Supporting【答案】D52、Passage2A.EnvironmentalprotectionB.AnimalrightsC.ReligiousbeliefD.Moralpurity【答案】D53、AccordingtoChomsky,__________referstotheactualrealizationofuser′sknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinutterances.A.competenceB.performanceC.paroleD.langue【答案】B54、Theconversationalimplicationof"Johnisamachine"asaresponseto"WhatdoyouthinkofJohn"iscontext-bound.Itpossessesallthefollowingdistinguishingpropertiesbut_______.A.non-detachabilityB.calculabilityC.conventionalityD.defeasibility【答案】C55、Mother'sDayisthoughtto__________inthe19lOs,isn'tit?A.firstmarkB.befirstmarkedC.havefirstmarkedD.havefirstbeenmarked【答案】D56、Whatdothefollowingsentencespractice?A.stressB.articulationC.liaisonD.intonation【答案】A57、WhatcanbedoneaboutmassunemploymentAllthewiseheadsagree:there’renoquickoranyanswers.There’sworktobedone,butworkersaren’treadytodoit.They’reinthewrongplaces,ortheyhavethewrongskills.OurproblemareA.Totestifytotheexperts’analysisofAmerica’sproblemsB.ToofferafeasiblesolutiontothestructuralunemploymentC.ToshowtheurgentneedforthegovernmenttotakeactionD.ToalertAmericanworkerstotheurgencyforadaptation【答案】C58、Passage1A.MixedemotionsB.GreatpoetsC.LyricpoemsD.Musicalforms【答案】C59、Passage1A.stayoutsidethenetworkofsocialinfluenceB.havelittlecontactwiththesourceofinfluenceC.areinfluencedandtheninfluenceothersD.areinfluencedbytheinitialinfluential【答案】C60、请阅读Passagel，完成第小题。A.LifeexpectancygoesonrisingforeverB.TherecouldbefurtherincreasesinlifeexpectancyC.Lifeexpectancyhassloweddownsince1950sanditwillstopD.LifeexpectancyinJapandoubleswhatitwas200yearsago【答案】B61、Passage1A.ItkeepsbuildingsmuchcoolerthanothermethodsB.ItcanbeusedbylargecitiesanywhereintheworldC.Itismuchmoreenergy-efficientthantraditionalsystemsD.Itkeepswaterfrombeingusedformorethanonepurpose【答案】C62、Smokingheavilyathomewillexposechildrento______amountofsmoke,endangeringtheirhealth.A.multipleB.surplusC.durableD.excessive【答案】D63、--Iwasdisappointedthatyoudidn'tcometomypartylastnight.A.I'mnotB.Iwasn'tC.Ihaven'tbeenD.Ihadn'tbeen【答案】D64、Howmanyliaisonsofsoundarethereinthesentence"Heboughtaninterestingbook"?__________A.0B.1C.2D.3【答案】C65、Passage1A.poorbargainingskillB.insensitivitytofashionC.obsessionwithhighfashionD.lackofimagination【答案】B66、请阅读Passagel，完成第小题。A.it'svitaltotreasurewhatwehaveB.it'shardtolivelifetothefullestC.it'sgreattoappreciatethebeautyofnatureD.it'simpossibletounderstandwhatGodandmanis【答案】C67、Whichaspectofvocabularyistrainedinthefollowing?A.RegisterB.ConnotationC.CollocationD.Constitution【答案】B68、What'stheoverallgoalofEnglishteachinginbasiceducationstage?A.Increasestudents'vocabularyandgrammaroftheknowledgeB.Improvestudents'EnglishlearningandforeignculturalinterestingC.Cultivatestudents'abilityoflisteningandspokenEnglishD.Cultivatestudents'comprehensivecapabilityoflanguage【答案】D69、ThenumberofAmericanswhoreadbookshasbeendecliningforthirtyyears,andthosewhodoreadhavebecomeproudof,evenabitover-identifiedwith,theenterprise.AlongsidethetotebagsyoucanfindT-shirts,magnets,andbuttonsprintedorsewnwithcoversofclassicnovels;theWebsiteEtsysellstightsprintedwithpoemsbyEmilyDickinson.AspreadinTheParisReviewfeaturedliterature-inspiredpaint-chipcolors.Themerchandisingofreadinghasacuriouslyundifferentiatedflavor,asifwhatyoureadmatteredlessthanthatyoureaD.Inthisclimateofembattledbibliophilia,anewsubgenreofbooksaboutbookshasemerged,amixofliterarycriticism,autobiography,self-help,andimmersionjournalism:authorsundertakereadingstuntstoprovethatreading--anything--stillmatters."IthoughtofmyadventureasOff-RoadorExtremeReading,"PhyllisRosewritesin"TheShelf:FromLEQtoLES",thelateststuntbook,inwhichshereadsthroughamoreorlessrandomshelfoflibrarybooks.Shecompareshervoyage,toErnestShackleton'sexplorationsintheAntarctic."However,Iliketosleepunderaquiltwithmyheadonagoosedownpillow,"shewrites."SoIwouldreadmywayintotheunknown--intothepathlesswastes,intothinair,withnoreviews,nobest-sellerlists,nocollegecurricula,noNationalBookAwardsorPulitzerPrizes,noads,nopublicity,notevenwordofmouthtoguideme."A.WhatreallymattersisthefactthatyoureadB.AnemphasisshouldbeplacedonwhatyoureadC.ThemerchandisingofreadingcanboostbooksalesD.Readingasaseriousundertakingshouldnotbemerchandise【答案】D70、WhatrhetoricaldeviceisusedinthesentenceHeisanall__________purposebasket?A.PunB.SimileC.MetaphorD.Transferredepithet【答案】C71、In__________drills,thestudentschangeagivenstructureinawaysothattheyareexposedtoothersimilarstructures,whichalsohelpsthemhaveadeeperunderstandingofhowthestructuresareformedandhowtheyareused.A.substitutionB.transformationC.comprehensionD.communicative【答案】B72、Whenyoufocuson"utterancefunction"and"expectedresponse"byusingexampleslike"Hereyouare","Thanks",youareprobablyteachinglanguageatthe__________.A.lexicallevelB.sentencelevelC.grammaticallevelD.discourselevel【答案】D73、Therearetwokindsofmotiveforengaginginanyactivity:internalandinstrumental.Ifascientistconductsresearchbecauseshewantstodiscoverimportantfactsabouttheworld,that'saninternalmotive,sincediscoveringfactsisinherentlyrelatedtotheactivityofresearch.Ifsheconductsresearchbecauseshewantstoachievescholarlyrenown,that'saninstrumentalmotive,sincetherelationbetweenfameandresearchisnotsoinherent.Often,peoplehavebothfordoingthings.Whatmixofmotives--internalorinstrumentalorboth--ismostconducivetosuccess?Youmightsupposethatascientistmotivatedbyadesiretodiscoverfactsandbyadesiretoachieverenownwilldobetterworkthanascientistmotivatedbyjustoneofthosedesires.Surelytwomotivesarebetterthanone.ButasweandourcolleaguesargueinapapernewlypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,instrumentalmotivesarenotalwaysanassetandcanactuallybecounterproductivetosuccess.Weanalyzeddatadrawnfrom11320cadetsinnineenteringclassesattheUnitedStatesMilitaryAcademyatWestPoint,allofwhomratedhowmucheachofasetofmotivesinfluencedtheirdecisiontoattendtheacademy.ThemotivesincludedthingslikeadesiretogetagoodjoblaterinlifeandadesiretobetrainedasaleaderintheUnitedStatesArmyA.In-servicesoldiersB.MilitaryresearchersC.MilitaryofficersD.Militarytrainees【答案】D74、Passage2A.thenewbookwrittenbyFredKruppB.howAmericacanfightagainstglobalwarmingC.theharmfuleffectsofglobalwarmingD.howAmericacantideovereconomiccrisis【答案】B75、Ateachershowedstudentsanexampleandexplainedtheusageofpastperfecttense,andaskedstudentstolistten"pastperfecttense"sentencesbyimitatingthatexample.What'stheteacher'sgrammarteachingmethod?A.ConsolidationB.PresentationC.DeductionD.Induction【答案】C76、Largeamountsofmoney__________spentonthebridge,whichtobecompletedthenextmonth.A.were;wasexpectedB.was;wasexpectedC.was;expectedD.were;expected【答案】A77、Ifateachershowsstudentshowtodoanactivitybeforetheystartdoingit,he/sheisusingthetechniqueof（）.A.presentationB.demonstrationC.elicitationD.evaluation【答案】B78、请阅读Passagel。完成第21—25小题。A.deeplyrootedB.quicklychangedC.closelylinkedD.deeplyhurried【答案】A79、Whenateacherasksstudentstodiscusshowthewriter'sideasareorganizedinthetext,he/sheintendstodevelopstudents'skillof__________.A.recognizingthetextualstructureB.understandingthewriter'sintentionC.distinguishingfactsfromopinionsD.commentingonthecontentofthetext【答案】A80、Asfarasschoolassessmentisconcerned,wehaveteacher’sassessment,______andportfolios.A.students’self-assessmentB.relative’sassessmentC.informalassessmentD.formalassessment【答案】A大题（共15题）一、根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案。用英文作答。设计任务：阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计一节英语听说课教学方案。该方案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：?teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddifficultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandjustifications教学时间：45分钟?学生概况：某城镇普通中学八年级(初中二年级)学生，班级人数40人。多数学生已达到?义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》三级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：?Grace:Whatdidyoudoinclasstoday,Sarah?Sarah:WehadadiscussionaboutTVshows.Myclassmateslikegameshowsandsportsshows.【答案】【参考设计】TeachingContents:AdialogueaboutdifferentpreferencesforTVshows.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanlearnsomenewwordsaboutTVshowsandknowhowtoexpressone'spreference.(2)AbilityobjectiveStudents'abilityoflisteningandspeakingwillbewelldeveloped.(3)EmotionalobjectiveStudentscanbreoadentheirhorizonofTVshowsbytalkingwitheachotherandgivingsomereasonstoexplaintheirinterestanddeveloptheirinterestinEnglishlearning.TeachingKeyPoint:MastersomewordsandphrasesaboutTVshowssuchassoapopera,gameshows,sportsshows,newsandtalkshows.TeachingDifficultPoint:Howtocommunicatewithotherscorrectlyandfreely,andhowtogetthekeyinformationafterlistening.TeachingProcedures:二、根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。下面是某初中老师对IfIbecomeanathlete，willIbehappy?阅读课的目标陈述。①语言技能目标：能根据标题预测文章大意；能充分使用略读(skimming)、寻读(scanning)、总结(summarizing)等阅读微技巧。②语言知识目标：知道如下重点词汇和短语：professional，chance，charity，injured,make?aliving(by)doing／asa…，allthetime，haveadifficulttimewith／doing。③情感态度目标：了解专业运动员的幸福与艰辛，知道每一种工作都有其好处与不足。④学习策略目标：能在辩论中积极与小组成员合作。⑤文化意识目标：知道中西方著名专业运动员的奋斗史。根据上面的信息，从下面三个方面作答：(1)从目标建构和陈述两个角度，评析该教学目标的优缺点。(12分)(2)对不合理的教学目标进行修改。(8分)(3)简述教师应如何确定教学目标。(10分)【答案】(1)优点：①该教师的教学目标陈述充分展示了教师对发展学生综合语言运用能力的课程理念的理解与运用。②目标陈述较为规范，采用了行为目标的陈述方法，用学生“知道什么”和“能做什么”的句式陈述目标。行为主体是学生，有明确的行为动词，如知道、预测、了解、辩论等。部分目标陈述说明了行为条件，如“根据标题”“在辩论中”等；也说明了表现程度，如“充分”“自由”等。缺点：①语言知识目标中“知道如下重点词汇与短语”，学习策略目标中“能在辩论中积极与小组成员合作”不够具体，比较笼统。②文化意识目标不够具体，如具体知道哪些中西方著名运动员的奋斗史。(2)语言知识目标：在语境中正确理解和掌握单词和词组“professional，chance，charity，injured，makealiving(by)doing／asa…，allthetime，haveadifficulttimewith／doing”。学习策略目标：懂得看待问题要一分为二，看清事物的利弊，并在辩论中积极与小组成员合作，主动与他人交流。文化意识目标：知道中国著名专业运动员林书豪的奋斗史。(3)确定教学目标的主要依据是课程标准、教材内容和学生实际情况。首先，课程标准是确定教学目标的纲领。教师必须研读课程标准，明晰课程总目标，熟知其内容标准，根据内容标准和单元教学目标来构建具体课时教学目标。其次，教师应认真分析教材。教材是教学任务的主要来源，教学必须要完成教材规定的基本教学任务。教材对教学重点的规定性决定了确定教学目标必须建立在分析教材的基础之上。再次，教师应分析学生的学习需求。教师应针对学生的群体特点和个体差异，依据学情制订合理的教学目标。三、设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和听力语言素材，设计一节英语听力课的教学方案。教案没有固定格式，但必须包含下列要点：●teachingobjectives●teachingcontents●keyanddifficultpoints●majorstepsandtimeallocation●activitiesandjustifications教学时间：45分钟学生概况：某城镇普通中学八年级(初中二年级)学生，班级人数40人。多数已经达到《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》三级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：YuGongMovesaMountainOnceuponatime，therewasaveryoldman．Thereweretwomountainsnearhishouse．Theyweresobigandhighthatittookalongwaytowalktotheotherside．Theoldmantoldhisfamilythattheyshouldallhelphimtomovethemountains．YuGongsaidtheycouldputthemintotheseabecauseit'sbigenoughtoholdeverything．YuGongandhisfamilybegantomovesomeofthesoilandstoneintothesea．OnedayamallsawYuGongandhischildrenwhentheywereworkingonmovingthemountains．HetoldYuGongthathecouldneverdoitbecausehewasoldandweak．【答案】Teachingcontents：Itisalisteninglesson．ThelisteningmaterialisaChineselegend-YuGongMotesaMountain．Teachingobjectives：(1)KnowledgeandskillsStudentslistentothematerialcarefullyandgetspecificinformationfromit．Studentsanalyzethelisteningmaterialandconcludethewaystotellastorylogically．(2)ProcessandmethodsWiththeguidanceoftheteacher，studentsunderstandthelisteningtextthroughdoingtasksandactivities．(3)EmotionalattitudesandvaluesStudentsrealizethespiritofYuGongandlearnhowtodealwithdifficultsituations．StudentsbrieflyexpresstheirownideasonsomepeopleorsomethingsinEnglish．Teachingkeypoints：Studentsunderstandthelisteningmaterialtotallyandknowhowtotellastory．Teachingdifficultpoints：StudentscanexpresstheirownideasonsomepeopleorsomethingsinEnglish．Teachingprocedures：四、根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。阅读所给材料，回答下列三个问题：(1)这两份材料分别属于哪种语篇类型?(6分)(2)这两份材料分别适合于哪种课堂教学?说明理由(至少写出两个要点)。(12分)(3)分析教师选用文本材料时需要考虑的基本要素(至少写出三个要点)。(12分)材料1Tom:HelloAlice.I'minterestedinyourworksavingbirds!Whatdoyouthinkisthemostdifficultpartofyourwork?Alice:Well...Isupposeit'ssavingwildbirdscoveredinoil.That'sthemostdifficultofall.Tom:Howdoesthathappen?Alice:Theoilcomesfromboats.Itfloatsonthewaterandcoversthebird'sfeatherswhentheyswimthroughit.Tom:Thatsoundsterrible.Whatdoyoudoaboutit?Alice:Thefirstthingwedoistomakesurethebirdhasn'ttriedtocleanitselfwithitsbeak.Asitdoesso,thebirdeatssomeoilandbecomessick.【答案】(1)语篇指的是实际使用的语言单位，是一次交际过程中的一系列连续的语段或句子所构成的语言整体。根据韩礼德的观点，语篇是一个语义单位或意义潜势的现实化．任何一个口头或书面语言片段，不论其长短，只要能构成一个语义整体，即表达完整的意思．就可以称之为语篇。语篇之所以重要．是由于它是交际过程中传递(口头或书面的)信息的语言形式：根据语篇的概念，第一篇属于会话语篇，第二篇属于段落语篇。(2)第一篇适合口语教学．第二篇适合阅读教学。理由：①第一篇语言比较简单，没有生僻词汇，句式偏向口语化，适合用于口语练习；第二篇语言偏向书面化，词汇相对较复杂，并且多了长难句，适合进行句子的分析，因此适合阅读教学。②第一篇偏向生活化，有生活气息．适合平时与人交际使用．英语口语的最终目的就是让学生达到沟通交流．因此会话语篇可以提供这样一个交流的环境。第二篇偏向说明性语言，是补充介绍知识的．因此可以作为阅读材料来使学生在知识层面有所丰富和提高．同时也加强了语言理解方面的训练。(3)需要考虑的基本要素：①教学内容要素教学内容是要完成的教学任务，是实现教学目标的主要载体。因此教师在选择材料时．需将教科书作为主要依据。教材分析基本关注教学的重点、难点及考点方面。比较注重显性教材的运用而忽视隐性教材的挖掘和利用，较少关注与学习教材内容有密切关系的认知和心理因素．以及教材对学生能力的要求，而对教学的重点和难点也只是阐述其内容，没有做进一步的分析。在新课改背景下，教学内容分析既要有对显性教材的运用，也要有对隐性教材的挖掘和利用。⑦教学对象要素学生是分析教学任务必须要考虑的因素．分析学生是为了帮助学生解决学习中的困难．完成教学任务。教师应该做到以下两点：一是要了解教学活动开始前学生在认知、情感、态度等方面已经达到了什么样的水平，这一水平标志着学生已经能做什么，说什么，想明白了什么等(即学生的学情)。这是学生掌握新的学习任务的起点水平。二是要了解教授了教学材料后预期学生在认知、情感、态度等方面必须达到的状态。对这种状态的把握最终会转化为确定的教学任务与具体的学习目标。只有当教师的心中对教学前和教学后这两种状态的差距做到心中有数时。才能根据学生的实际情况，确定恰当的教学内容。③教学目标要素教学目标是教育者在教学过程中，希望受教育者达到的要求或产生的变化结果，也是教师完成教学任务的归宿。新课程标准从关注学生的学习出发，强调学生是学习的主体，教学目标是教学活动中师生共同追求的，而不是由教师所操纵的。因此，教学目标的主体显然应该是学生。教师在选择教学材料的同时也要以学生为出发点．思考需要完成怎样的教学目标或达到怎样的教学效果。五、设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计一节课的教学方案。教案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：·teachingobjectives·teachingcontents·keyanddifficultpoints·majorstepsandtimeallocation·activitiesandjustification教学时间：45分钟学生概况：某城镇普通中学高中一年级第一学期学生，班级人数40人。多数学生已经达到《普通高中英语课程标准》（实验）五级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：Pompeii:ThefactsAugust24,intheyearAD79,begannormallyforthepeopleinPompeii,atownatthefootof?MountVesuvius.Farmerswentouttotheirfields,shopkeeperssetouttheirgoodsforsale,craftspeople?openedtheirworkshopsandtherichwalkedtothepublicbathswhiletheirservantscleanedtheirhouses?andwashedtheirclothes.Unfortunately,theendofthedaywasfarfromnormalforthe20,000citizensof?Pompeii.Earlyintheafternoon,whenmanypeoplewererestingfromtheheatoftheday,MountVesuvius?erupted.Millionsoftonnesofash,lavaandpumicepouredontothesurroundinghillsideandoverthe?townofPompeiiandothertownsandvillages.ByeveningPompeiiwasburiedunder3-5metersofashand?mud,andatleast2,000men,womenandchildrenwereburiedwiththeirtown.【答案】Teachingobjectives:（1）KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanmasterthewor