2018年高考英语真题及答案

学习资料收集于网络，仅供学习和参考 ，如有侵权，请联系网站删除2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I）英语第一部分 听力（略）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，？茜分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWashington.D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington.D.CDuration:3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-andthecherryblossoms-disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours（4miles）JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington.D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hourMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memories,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute（路线）makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hour（7miles）JoinasmallgrouphiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights..Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?[A]CherryBlossomTourinWashington.D.C.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington.D.C.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour..WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?[D]A.Meetfamouspeople. B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinterestingstories..Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?[D]A.Citymaps.B.CamerasC.Meals. D.Safetylights.BGoodMorningBritain'SusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheis学习资料学习资料收集于网络，仅供学习和参考 ，如有侵权，请联系网站删除cookingupastorminherlatestrole-showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodtaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe'sbeenabletoputalotofwhalfeshietintopracticeihherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,sheexplains."I冷ayraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe 'renotawarehowcheaplywcmakethisfoodourselves.”Theeight-partseries(系歹U节目),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV'£aveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight'sEasterspeciaothetotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily 'slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes..WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?(B)A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests. B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning. D.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily..HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?(C)A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher. B.Hepreparefoodforherkids.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters. D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher..Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?(C)A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?(D)A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmart B.BalancingOurDailyDietC.MakingYourselfaPerfectChef D.CookingWellforLessCLanguageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.学习资料学习资料收集于网络，仅供学习和参考 ，如有侵权，请联系网站删除Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitdeStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAuatralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival..Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?BA.Theydevelopedveryfast. B.Theywerelargeinnumber.C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns. D.Theywerecloselyconnected..Whichofthefollowingbestexplains “dtimirounderlinedinparagraph2?CA.Complex.B.Advanced C.Powerful.D.Modern..Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?BA.About6,800.B.About3,400.C.About2,400.D.About1,200.31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?CA.Newlanguageswillbecreated.B.People'slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.DWemaythinkwe'reacultthretgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshonyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellaftertheygooutofstyle,That'sbadnewsforenvironmenindourwallets-astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife—formwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyuseevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'throwoutouroldones."TheLiving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekid 'sroom,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroofthehouse,saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.We'reiotjustkeepingtheseolddevices-wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbin'steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTV 'swithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdevicewiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions(排放)morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhat'thesolution(解决方案)?Theteam'dataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%..Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?(A)A.Theyareenvironment-friendly. B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.C.Theycostmoretouseathome. D.Theygooutofstylequickly..WhydidBabbin'steamconducttheresearch?(D)A.Toreducethecostofminerals. B.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.C.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.D.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.学习资料学习资料收集于网络，仅供学习和参考 ，如有侵权，请联系网站删除.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?（B）A.Thebox-setTV.B.Thetablet.C.TheLCDTV.D.Thedesktopcomputer.35.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?（A）A.Stopusingthem.B.Takethemapart.C.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign-somethingyou'llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou 'lllovetolivein.Doyoroomthat'sfulloflife?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelxafteralongday?36,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.37,theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere'rreallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.38.They'rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.__39.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisioninyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou'relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.40A.WhileallofthemareusefulB.WhateveryourelookingforC.Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolorD.Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe amiliarwiostfE.ItsnotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF.Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG.Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways36.B37.A38.D39.G40.F第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完型填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A,B,C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferingacourse,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I__41theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesn'wantto__42afewdollars?Morethanthat,Ialwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren't__43enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour__44wasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which__45Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame 's46hardlywaitto__47__him.MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis__48wasnogameforhim:hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemakeit49thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto50theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto 51whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand52toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat__53__andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe___54___.学习资料

学习资料收集于网络，仅供学习和参考 ，如有侵权，请联系网站删除TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I'mstillputtinhetous55_haihne:“Theabsolutemostimportant 56__thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood__57__moveyouhaveto__58 asituation,processwhatyouropponent(对手)isdoingand__59 thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.todayinmy 60 asajournalist.BCADD CBDCBCACBADBADAA.putforward B.jumpedat C.triedout D.turneddownA.waste B.earn C.save D.payA.excited B.worried C.moved D.tiredA.title B.competitor C.textbook D.instructorA.urged B.demanded C.held D.meantA.fastest B. easiest C. best D.rarestA.interview B.meet C.challenge D.beatA.chance B.qualification C.honor D.jobA.real B.perfect C.clear D.possibleA.attend B.pass C.skip D.observeA.add B.expose C.apply D.compareA.eventually B.naturally C.directly D.normallyA.game B. presentation C. course D.experimentA.criterion B.classroom C.department D.situationA.taught B.wrote C.questioned D.promisedA.fact B.step C.manner D.skillA.grades B. decisions C. impressions D.commentsA.analyze B.describe C.rebuild D.controlA.announce B.signal C.block D.evaluateA.role B.desire C.concern D.behavior.Oneverysingle"Thesewordsstillringtru第二节(共10小题;没小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61(long)thannon-runners.Youdon'havetorunfastlong62 (see)thebenefitYoumaydrink,smoke,beoverwhelmingandstillreduceyourriskof63(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycan 'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviews6ysit(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65 walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin201466showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall67 (cause)Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwiseit'sprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfacesto68(strength)yourlegmuscles,avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit 69'salwayenergy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive70atry.61longer62tosee63dying64is65than66that/which67causes68