2019届高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解训练：七选五(一)

阅读理解-七选五（一）七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tolerancemeanstoleratingorputtingupwithdifferences. 1 Thismeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople,butitiswhensomethingisdisagreeablethattoleranceisexpected,andinmorepoliticallycorrectcultures,demanded.2 Apersonmightfullydisagreewithothersonanyissue,whileatthesametimerespectingthosewithdifferentopinionsandtreatingthemwithdignity.Disagreementalonedoesnotequalintolerance.Oneproblemisthefactthatthisrespectissometimesonsided.Thosewhodisagreewithaparticularissuemustrespecttheopinionsofthosewhosupportit,butsomesupportersfeelreasonableinlabelingthosewhodisagreewithhatefulterms,andviceversa. 3Whenitcomestocontroversialissues,tolerancemayalsorepresenta“let'sagreetodisagree”attitude.Itdoesnotmeanthatapersonhastoacceptactionsorideasthatareagainsthisorhervaluesorbeliefs. 4 Whenbothpartieshaveexpressedtheiropinions,anditisobviousthatneitherislikelytochangeposition,agreeingtodisagreeisoftentheidealoutcome.Somedegreeoftoleranceisnecessaryinanycivilizedsociety. 5 Itagainsthumannature.Puttingupwithdifferencesisavirtuethatrequireshonesteffortonthepartofeveryperson.Ittakestimetodevelop.Therearemanydifferentwaystoshowtolerance.Therefore,bothpartiesshouldchangeopinionsifnecessary.Peopleonbothsidesofanissuemustbetolerantofeachother.Itmeansshowingrespectfortherace,religionandopinionsofotherpeople.Itiswidelyacceptedthattoleranceisacriticalsteptowardsapeacefulworld.Butitisnotrealistictobelievethatallpeoplecanachieveitcompletelyeveryissue.Itmeansthateachpersonagreestorespecttheother'srighttohisorherfeelingsonthematter.答案与解析【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了什么是宽容以及表达宽容的三种方式。答案D解析根据空前的“Tolerancemeanstoleratingorputtingupwithdifferences”及空后的“Thisconceptmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople”可知，空处亦是在解释什么是宽容，故D项“它意味着对其他人的种族、宗教和观点表示尊重”符合语境。答案A解析根据第二至四段的内容可知，文章的二至四段分别介绍了表达宽容的三种方式，空处总领这三个段落的内容，故A项“有许多不同的表达宽容的方式”符合语境。答案C解析根据空前的“Oneproblemisthefactthatthisrespectissometimesone－sided”当问题或争论出现时，当事人双方应互相尊重。故C项“问题的当事人双方必须互相宽容”符合语境。答案G解析根据空前的“Itdoesnotmeanthatapersonhastoacceptactionsorideasthatareagainsthisorhervaluesorbeliefs”解释的是“let'sagreetodisagree”这种态度的相关内容，故G答案F解析根据空前的“Somedegreeoftoleranceisnecessaryinanycivilizedsociety”及空后的“Itgoesagainsthumannature”系，故F项“但是，相信所有人都能就每一件事完全做到宽容是不现实的”符合语境。下文中的ItF“allpeoplecanachieveitcompletelyoneveryissue”。七选五(2018·江西赣中南五校高三第一次联合考试)Moreandmorepeopleareworkingremotely.HerearesometipstokeepintostayfocusedonyourworkwhenworkingatSetandkeepregularofficehours.1 Thentryyourbesttoleaveworkatthe“office”andturnyourphoneonsilentandenjoytherestofyourday.Giveyourselfsometimetorechargesoyoucanbeasproductiveaspossible.Planandstructureyourworkdays.Structureyourworkdaystomaximize)efficiency.Takeadvantageofyourbody'snaturalrhythms.2 Ifyouknowyoufocusbestinthemorning，resistthetemptationtocheckemailuntil10later.Setasideadesignated(指定的)workarea.Trytoworkatthesamespoteveryday.3 Andmakeitaplaceyouenjoygoingtoeachday，anareawhereyoucanfocusanddoyourbestwork.Takebreaks.Scheduletimeforfrequentbreaksthroughouttheday.Risefromyourdesk，stretchorwalkaroundthehouseordownthestreet. activities，goouttolunchwithfriendsorclients.Avoiddistractions(使人分心的事)．

IfyouneedsocialOnechallengeofworkingathomeisdistraction.Withnocolleaguesorpartnersnearby，it'seasytobecomedistracted.Stayfocusedonworkthroughoutthedaytomaintainconsistentproductivity.5Itcouldbeasparebedroomthatyou'veturnedintoahomeoffice.Planyourworkaroundyourmostproductivehours.Doyourbesttosetworkhoursandsticktothem.Takealunchbreakandenjoyamiddaymeal.Itismorecomfortabletostayathome.Someinterruptionscan'tbeavoided.G．Avoidonlinedistractionsaswell.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了五种在家工作时如何保持注意力集中的方法。1．C根据本段的小标题“Setandkeepregularofficehours”可知，此处与工作时间的设定有关，所以选C项。2．B根据本段的小标题“Planandstructureyourworkdays”“Structureyourworkdaystomaximize(B3．A根据本段小标题“Setasideadesignated(指定的)workarea”可知，此处表示家庭办公区的设定和安排，所以选A项。4．D根据本段第一句“Scheduletimeforfrequentbreaksthroughoutthe并结合小标题“Takebreaks”可推知，工作期间适当休息一下有助于集中注意力，所以选D项。5．G根据本段小标题“Avoiddistractions(心的内容也是集中注意力所需要避免的，所以选G七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoMakeGoodConversation“Conversationisthemostsociableofallhumanactivities.”Itotallyagreewiththispoint.Conversationisthemainpartofeveryone'sdailylife.1more,goodconversationisthemostinterestingpartforus.Inmyview,youshouldpayattentiontothefollowingthreeissuestomakegoodconversation.Tostartgoodconversationwe'dbetterpreparesomequestions. 2

Wecanasksomequestionstoshowourpolitenessandcareforothers.Like,doyouhaveagoodsleeplastnight?Orwhatdoyoudoinyoursparetime?Thinktwicebeforeyouaquestiontoothers.3 Weshouldpayattentiontowhatotherssaidandthinkintheirshoes.Allowtheotherstodomostofthetalking.Bepatientandholdinterestfortheircommentsandmakesomenoisetoshowyouarelisteningcarefully. 4 Inthiswayyouwillgetthecreditforbeingagoodconversationalistaswellasagoodlisteneranditwillhelpyoutomakefriendswithothers.Wealwayssaideyesarethewindowstothesoul.Appropriateeyecontactislikeagreatelementofthemaindishwhichmakesitmoredelicious.

5 Itwillhelpustoimprovemutualunderstanding.Donothesitatetolookintothem.don'tstareatthemanddon'tlookatthemfortoolongatime.Itwouldmakeothersfeeluneasyandunwillingtogoontalking.Goodquestionsmakepeoplefeelcomfortable.Withoutconversation,lifewouldbeascoldasarock.Themostimportantpartofconversationistolisten.Enjoygoodconversationandbefriendswiththem.Donotinterruptotherswhentheysharetheirviewsexcitedly.Theyhavesomeideasthattheywantustoknowandevenconvinceus.Duringconversation,weshouldlookthespeakersintheeyefriendly.答案与解析【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了与人交谈应注意的三个方面。答案B解析根据空前的“Conversationisthemainpartofeveryone'sdailylife”可知，交谈是每个人日常生活中的重要部分，空处承接上文，进一步说明交谈在日常生活中的重要性，故B项“没有交谈，生活会冷若磐石”符合语境。答案A解析 根据本段的主题句“Tostartgoodconversationwe'dbetterpreparesomequestions”可知，我们在开始交谈前最好准备一些问题，再结合空后的“Wecanasksomequestionstoshowourpolitenessandcareforothers”可知，空处应是在说明问问的益处，故A项“好的问题会让人感到舒服”符合语境。答案C解析 根据下文中的“payattentiontowhatotherssaidandthinkintheirshoes”“Allowtheotherstodomostofthetalking”“showyouarelisteningcarefully”和“agoodlistener”可知，本段主要讲的是倾听方面的内容，故C项“交中最重要的部分是倾听”符合语境。答案E解析根据上文中的“Bepatientandholdinterestfortheircommentsandmakesomenoisetoshowyouarelisteningcarefully”可知，空处应是对上文中的“listeningcarefully”的进一步说明，故E项“当他们兴奋地分享观点时不要打断他们”符合语境。答案G“lookthespeakersintheeye”与上文中的“eyecontact”及下文中的“lookintothem”呼应，故G七选五(2018·广东汕头普通高中毕业班教学质量监测)Here'sasurprisingtruth—oneofthemostpowerfulweaponstoenhanceyourisyourowntongue!1 Concentrateonthequalitiesofotherpeoplethatyoucanaffirminsteadofontheirfaults.Thisaloneshoulddowondersinrelievingstressinyourrelationships.Doctorsknowthatprolongedanxietyharmsyou，butencouragingcanremovestressandapeacefulmindleadstoimprovephysicalheattoo.2Avoidfuelingverbalfire.Whensomeonestartstoblowupallatyou，becarefulaboutyourresponse.WhyburnyourrelationshiphousedownwithyourownTrysprayingwateronanargumentwithcalmwordsinsteadofusingaflamethrower.Howmanymarriageshavebeendestroyedwheninafitofangerpeoplespewouthurtfulaccusationstooneanotherthatareneverforgotte！3 “Asoftanswerturnsawaywrath(狂怒)，butaharshwordstirsupanger.”Stopcomplaining.Weallknowpeoplewhocomplainallthetime，especiallyaboutthefaultofothers. 4Nothingisevergoingwellforthem，andprobablynothingeverlongastheykeepcomplainingandputtingtheirenergyonwhatreallydon'twant.Dothinkbeforeyouspeak. 5

Itisuselessregretting.Itdoesn'tmatterhowunintentionaltheymaybe，wordscansometimescutalotdeeperthanasword.Veryoftenyou'llhearpeoplesay，“Ididn'tmeantohurtyourfeelings.”Well，ifyoudidn'twanttohurtfeelingswhycouldn'tyoubethoughtfulbeforeyoulettheunpleasantwordsescapeyourlooselips?Youshouldpracticewaitingawhilebeforeansweringsomeonewhenyouangry.Practicespeakingpositivewordsinsteadofnegativeones.Westoreinourmindsinakindofmentalartgallerywhatothershavesaidtous.Oncethewordsleaveyourisimpossibletotakethemback.Thelongeryoubetteryou'llspeak.Themoretheydomoretheyaredisliked.Thinktwicebeforespeaking.并改善人际关系。1．B根据空后一句“Concentrateonthequalitiesof...ontheirfaults”文的“encouragingwordscanremovestress”可知，应选B“练习说一些积极的话语而不是消极的话语”。2．C由空前一句中的“prolongedanxietyharmsyou,butencouragingwordsremovestress”可知，我们会把别人对我们说的话储存在脑海里，如果这些话是消极的，则会伤害我们；相反若是鼓励性的话语，就会帮我们消除压力，故选。3A根据空前一句中的“wheninafitofangerpeoplespewouthurtfulaccusationstooneanotherthatareneverforgotten”让自己后悔的话，所以要练习在气头上控制自己的情绪，故选A“当你生气时，你应该练习在回答问题之前先等一会儿”。4．F由空前一句“Weallknowpeoplewhocomplainallthetime...ofothers”和空后的“Nothingisevergoingwellforthem”可知，那些喜欢抱怨的人抱怨得越多，他们就越不招人喜欢，F选项中的they指的就是那些爱抱怨的人。5．D最后一段的主题是“在说话之前要三思”。根据空前的“Dothinkbeforespeak”和空后一句“Itisuselessregretting(后悔是没有用的)”可知，选D七选五Bedtimeproblemsimprovekids’mathperformanceIfaschoolchild’sparentsreplaceabedtimestorywithamathdiscussion,thechild’smathskillsmayimprovemarkedly,anewstudyshows. 1 ＂Ithinkit’safantasticstudy,＂saysJamesStigler,aneducationalpsychologistattheUniversityofCalifornia. 2 Someparentsthinkthattohelptheirchildrendeveloptheyshouldreadtothem.Someparentsunderstandthatalittlebedtimemathishelpful. 3 TheexperimentwasmadebyBeilock,psychologistSusanLevine,andsomecolleaguesattheUniversityofChicago.FourhundredandtwentyfamiliesweretoldtoletthechildrenuseanappcalledB